Search

The paper offers a non-probabilistic framework for representation of uncertainty in the context of a simple linear-quadratic model of fiscal adjustment. Instead of treating model disturbances as random variables with known probability distributions, it is only assumed that they belong to some pre-specified compact set. Such an approach is appropriate when the decision maker does not have enough information to form probabilistic beliefs or when considerations for robustness are important. Solution of the model in the minimax sense when disturbance sets are ellipsoids is obtained and the application of the method is illustrated using the example of Portugal.

Economists have long sought to predict how macroeconomic shocks will affect individual welfare. Macroeconomic data and forecasts are easily available when crises strike. But policy action requires not only understanding the magnitude of a macro shock, but also identifying which households or individuals are being hurt by (or benefit from) the crisis. A popular solution is to extrapolate the welfare impact of a shock from the historical response of income or consumption poverty to changes in output, by estimating an'elasticity'of poverty to growth. Although this method provides an estimate for the aggregate poverty impact of a macro shock, it has limited value for analysts and policymakers alike. Aggregate numbers are useful to capture the attention of policymakers and the international community, but in the absence of any information on who is affected and to what extent, provide little guidance on what actions need to be taken. This volume outlines a more comprehensive approach to the problem, showcasing a microsimulation model, developed in response to demand from World Bank staff working in countries and country governments in the wake of the global financial crisis of 2008-09. Starting with the idea of using simple macroeconomic projections as the'macro linkages'to a micro behavioral model built from household data, the model was conceptualized, refined and tested in a diverse mix of countries: Bangladesh, Philippines, Mexico, Poland and Mongolia. The results fed into country policy dialogue and lending operations of Bank teams, as well as various reports, research papers and briefs.

Papers written 1967-1989.

This volume contains papers presented at a Senior Policy Seminar on Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations in China, held in Dalian, China, Sept. 12-17, 1994.

In this book, renowned authors from illustrious universities and institutions analyse the relationship between law and economics, which has been discussed controversially for decades, from different perspectives and disciplines, and, in doing so, they address topical subjects.The first part of the book considers the relationship between law and economics in two introductory chapters: one from the point of view of legal studies, the other from a business studies perspective. The second part focuses more on individual policy areas, the most important of which are the national debt crisis, financial markets, the transport industry, the media and telecommunications sector, media law, patent law, antitrust law and the hospital reform of 2015.

The Republic of Congo was hit hard by the oil price shock and delayed fiscal adjustment, amidst governance challenges and unsustainable debt. While program negotiations were long and complex, the authorities made decisive progress in 2018 and early 2019 with decisive fiscal consolidation, and the implementation of a large package of structural reforms, including two rounds of prior actions to improve governance and transparency. In addition, financing assurances have been secured.

The macroeconomic outlook for sub-Saharan Africa continues to strengthen with higher growth, easing inflation, and stabilizing public debt ratios with some countries improving their fiscal balances. But there are concerns on the quality of the fiscal adjustment and underlying vulnerabilities have yet to be decisively addressed.

We compare business cycle fluctuations in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries vis-à-vis the rest of the world. Our main results are as follows: (i) African economies stand out by their macroeconomic volatility, which is is reflected in the volatility of output and other macro variables; (ii) inflation and output tend to be negatively correlated; (iii) unlike advanced economies and emerging markets (EMs), trade balances and current accounts are acyclical in SSA; (iv) the volatility of consumption and investment relative to GDP is larger than in other countries; (v) the cyclicality of consumption and investment is smaller than in advanced economies and EMs; (vi) there is little comovement between consumption and investment; (vii) consumption and investment are strongly positively correlated with imports.

Antonio Torrero Mañas comienza su carrera profesional en MAPFRE Mutualidad de Seguros, donde ocupó cargos directivos en sociedades de inversión. Ha sido Consejero Delegado de AGECO (Asesoramiento y Gestión Económica), Presidente del Banco Hipotecario de España, Presidente de Reit S. A., Consejero del Instituto Nacional de Hidrocarburos y Consejero del Banco Español de Crédito hasta la intervención de la entidad en 1993. Ha sido profesor de la Universidad Complutense y de la Universidad de Málaga. En la actualidad es Catedrático Emérito de Estructura Económica de la Universidad de Alcalá. Sus últimos libros publicados son: -La obra de John Maynard Keynes y su visión del mundo financiero (1998). -La Burbuja Especulativa y la Crisis Económica de Japón (2003). -Crisis financieras. Enseñanzas de cinco episodios (2006). -Revolución en las Finanzas (Los grandes cambios en las ideas. Represión y Liberalización Financiera) (2008). -La crisis financiera internacional. Cuarto año (2011). -La crisis financiera internacional y sus efectos sobre la economía española (2011). -Keynes y la crisis financiera actual (2013). -España en el laberinto del euro (2013). -El protagonismo financiero de las familias (2015).

Hva kjennetegner økonomisk politikk? Hvordan påvirker ulike politiske prioriteringer den økonomiske politikken? Hvordan kan best mulige rammer skapes for vekst og økonomisk utvikling? Hvilke samfunnsmessige konsekvenser har bruk av oljeformuen? Temaene i denne boken spenner fra statens finanser og statens rolle som kapitalforvalter, pensjonsreformen og det nye pensjonssystemet til den makroøkonomiske politikken (finanspolitikk, pengepolitikk og inntektspolitikk). Et viktig perspektiv er politikkens bidrag til samfunnet, det vil si i hvilken grad en bestemt politikk fører til at vi som samfunn får det bedre enn hva som ville vært mulig uten denne politikken. Mens temaet i del 1 er statens finanser, er del 2 viet makroøkonomisk politikk. Boken er skrevet for studenter i statsvitenskap, økonomi og administrasjon på bachelornivå samt samfunnsinteresserte med kunnskaper fra de samme eller tilgrensende fag.

Major macroeconomic realignments are affecting prospects differentially across the world's countries and regions. The April 2016 WEO examines the causes and implications of these realignments—including the slowdown and rebalancing in China, a further decline in commodity prices, a related slowdown in investment and trade, and declining capital flows to emerging market and developing economies—which are generating substantial uncertainty and affecting the outlook for the global economy. Additionally, analytical chapters examine the slowdown in capital flows to emerging market economies since their 2010 peak—its main characteristics, how it compares with past slowdowns, the factors that are driving it, and whether exchange rate flexibility has changed the dynamics of the capital inflow cycle—and assess whether product and labor market reforms can improve the economic outlook in advanced economies, looking at the recent evolution and scope for further reform, the channels through which reforms affect economic activity under strong versus weak economic conditions, reforms'short- to medium-term macroeconomic effects, and sequencing of reforms and coordination with other policies to maximize their potential quantitative economic benefits. A special feature analyzes in depth the energy transition in an era of low fossil fuel prices.

We introduce subsistence requirements in food consumption into a simple new-Keynesian model with flexible food and sticky non-food prices. We study how the endogenous structural transformation that results from subsistence affects the dynamics of the economy, the design of monetary policy, and the properties of inflation at different levels of development. A calibrated version of the model encompasses both rich and poor countries and broadly replicates the properties of inflation across the development spectrum, including the dominant role played by changes in the relative price of food in poor countries. We derive a welfare-based loss function for the monetary authority and show that optimal policy calls for complete (in some cases nearcomplete) stabilization of sticky-price non-food inflation, despite the presence of a foodsubsistence threshold. Subsistence amplifies the welfare losses of policy mistakes, however, raising the stakes for monetary policy at earlier stages of development.

According to the October 2016'World Economic Outlook,'global growth is projected to slow to 3.1 percent in 2016 before recovering to 3.4 percent in 2017. The forecast, revised down by 0.1 percentage point for 2016 and 2017 relative to April's report, reflects a more subdued outlook for advanced economies following the June U.K. vote in favor of leaving the European Union (Brexit) and weaker-than-expected growth in the United States. These developments have put further downward pressure on global interest rates, as monetary policy is now expected to remain accommodative for longer. Although the market reaction to the Brexit shock was reassuringly orderly, the ultimate impact remains very unclear, as the fate of institutional and trade arrangements between the United Kingdom and the European Union is uncertain. Financial market sentiment toward emerging market economies has improved with expectations of lower interest rates in advanced economies, reduced concern about China's near-term prospects following policy support to growth, and some firming of commodity prices. But prospects differ sharply across countries and regions, with emerging Asia in general and India in particular showing robust growth and sub-Saharan Africa experiencing a sharp slowdown. In advanced economies, a subdued outlook subject to sizable uncertainty and downside risks may fuel further political discontent, with anti-integration policy platforms gaining more traction. Several emerging market and developing economies still face daunting policy challenges in adjusting to weaker commodity prices. These worrisome prospects make the need for a broad-based policy response to raise growth and manage vulnerabilities more urgent than ever.

Рассмотрены теоретические, методологические и методические вопросы пространственного развития экономики. Исследована динамика и трансформация экономического пространства зоны Севера. Выявлена степень дифференциации и выделены кластеры северных регионов по уровням экономического, социального, социально-экономического развития, научно-инновационного потенциала и определены основные направления государственной региональной политики для каждого из них. На основе валового муниципального продукта определен уровень экономического развития муниципальных образований Республики Коми. Дана оценка эффективности управления финансовыми ресурсами промышленных предприятий республики, выделены типы и предложены меры повышения эффективности их управления. Книга представляет интерес для специалистов в области региональной экономики и региональной социально-экономической политики.

Antonio Torrero Mañas comienza su carrera profesional en MAPFRE Mutualidad de Seguros donde ocupó cargos directivos en sociedades de inversión. Ha sido Consejero Delegado de AGECO (Asesoramiento y Gestión Económica), Presidente del Banco Hipotecario de España, Presidente de Reit S.A., Consejero del Instituto Nacional de Hidrocarburos y Consejero del Banco Español de Crédito hasta la intervención de la entidad en 1993. Ha sido profesor de la Universidad Complutense y de la Universidad de Málaga. En la actualidad es Catedrático Emérito de Estructura Económica de la Universidad de Alcalá.

The pace of recovery has disappointed in recent years, and downside risks have increased, including from heightened geopolitical tensions. These increased risks make it a priority to raise actual and potential growth. In a number of economies, an increase in public infrastructure investment can also provide support to demand and help boost potential output. And in advanced economies as well as emerging and developing economies there is a general, urgent need for structural reforms to strengthen growth potential or make growth more sustainable. The four individual chapters examine the overall global outlook, the prospects for individual countries and regions, the benefits of increased public infrastructure investment in terms of raising output, and the extent to which global imbalances have narrowed significantly since their peak in 2006.

The international development sector has found itself confronting new challenges to poverty eradication and the promotion of human rights. Climate change has loomed large as a crisis for development practitioners and environmentalists, affecting the most vulnerable in the Global South. The ongoing financial crisis has created recurrent recessions in the global North, while causing budget lines to be reduced for development aid. This textbook highlights the extent to which the local and global are interconnected in today's globalised economy. It questions the legitimacy of the neoliberal model of development which propelled us into the crisis. Including chapters on Latin America, China and sub-Saharan Africa, and topics such as debt injustice, gender and migration, this completely revised third edition takes stock of the international development environment as it embarks on new policy frameworks to confront new challenges.

Global growth remains moderate and uneven, and a number of complex forces are shaping the outlook. These include medium- and long-term trends, global shocks, and many country- or region-specific factors. The April 2015 WEO examines the causes and implications of recent trends, including lower oil prices, which are providing a boost to growth globally and in many oil-importing countries but are weighing on activity in oil-exporting countries, and substantial changes in exchange rates for major currencies, reflecting variations in country growth rates and in exchange rate policies and the lower price of oil. Additionally, analytical chapters explore the growth rate of potential output across advanced and emerging market economies, assessing its recent track and likely future course; and the performance of private fixed investment in advanced economies, which has featured prominently in the public policy debate in recent years, focusing on the role of overall economic weakness in accounting for this performance.

Global activity has broadly strengthened and is expected to improve further in 2014–15, according to the April 2014 WEO, with much of the impetus for growth coming from advanced economies. Although downside risks have diminished overall, lower-than-expected inflation poses risks for advanced economies, there is increased financial volatility in emerging market economies, and increases in the cost of capital will likely dampen investment and weigh on growth. Advanced economy policymakers need to avoid a premature withdrawal of monetary accommodation. Emerging market economy policymakers must adopt measures to changing fundamentals, facilitate external adjustment, further monetary policy tightening, and carry out structural reforms. The report includes a chapter that analyzes the causes of worldwide decreases in real interest rates since the 1980s and concludes that global rates can be expected to rise in the medium term, but only moderately. Another chapter examines factors behind the fluctuations in emerging market economies'growth and concludes that strong growth in China played a key role in buffering the effects of the global financial crisis in these economies.

This rigorous and comprehensive textbook develops a basic small open economy model and shows how it can be extended to answer many important macroeconomic questions that arise in emerging markets and developing economies, particularly those regarding monetary, fiscal, and exchange rate issues. Eschewing the complex calibrated models on which the field of international finance increasingly relies, the book teaches the reader how to think in terms of simple models and grasp the fundamentals of open economy macroeconomics. After analyzing the standard intertemporal small open economy model, the book introduces frictions such as imperfect capital markets, intertemporal distortions, and nontradable goods, into the basic model in order to shed light on the economy's response to different shocks. The book then introduces money into the model to analyze the real effects of monetary and exchange rate policy. It then applies these theoretical tools to a variety of important macroeconomic issues relevant to developing countries (and, in a world of continuing financial crisis, to industrial countries as well), including the use of a nominal interest rate as a main policy instrument, the relative merits of flexible and predetermined exchange rate regimes, and the targeting of'real anchors.'Finally, the book analyzes in detail specific topics such as inflation stabilization,'dollarization,'balance of payments crises, and, inspired by recent events, financial crises. Each chapter includes boxes with relevant empirical evidence and ends with exercises. The book is suitable for use in graduate courses in development economics, international finance, and macroeconomics.

Using panel data for 15 economies from 2001-12, I identify determinants of central bank foreign exchange intervention in emerging markets ('EMs') with flexible to moderately managed exchange rates. Similar to other studies, I find that central banks tend to'lean against the wind,'buying/selling more foreign exchange in response to greater short-run and medium-run appreciation/depreciation pressures. The panel structure provides a framework to test whether other macroeconomic variables influence the different rates of reserve accumulation between economies. In testing other variables, I find evidence of both precautionary and external competitiveness motives for reserve accumulation.

The global financial crisis has reignited interest in counter-cyclical fiscal policy as a critical instrument to provide immediate economic stimulus. But policy makers are also increasingly interested in how fiscal policy will impact growth and poverty over a longer run horizon, knowing that any quick responses to exogenous shocks also affect income generation and distribution. Those effects are less well known, however, and their dynamics still represent a challenge for many countries. In this book the authors explore methodological advances and new practices for fiscal policy implementation with a particular focus on developing countries. They also attempt to draw preliminary lessons from the global crisis and the still persisting uncertainty about future growth prospects. The crisis has brought into question many economic concepts, policies, and implementation practices that economists supported in previous decades. Counter-cyclical fiscal policy has suddenly returned to prominence worldwide either in conjunction with or in lieu of monetary policy and exchange rate adjustments, as a possible alternative in response to the unexpected and acute shocks that the crisis has brought about. These experiences are providing valuable lessons about the design and effectiveness of fiscal policy measures in developing countries, which is the focus of this volume. Since focusing entirely on the temporary effects of the crisis would mask the bigger challenges underlying the conduct of fiscal policy, particularly in countries where longer term growth patterns remain sluggish or volatile, and poverty and inequality still persist, the authors adopt a broader perspective trying to better understand the dynamics of longer term effects. The purpose of this book is precisely to improve our understanding of the challenges and possible innovative solutions in implementing fiscal policy for growth and welfare purposes, taking into account that crises do occur and will continue occurring, affecting previous growth and inequality paths. The authors present an analysis of some of the trade offs and policy choices that developing countries face, in light of the recent crisis. From expenditure composition to benefit incidence analysis, passing through the difficulties of improving public investment management, the authors consider a whole range of methodological advances and new practices that could enlighten practitioners in designing fiscal policy packages appropriate to the reality of their own countries. A special chapter is dedicated to African countries and a final section highlights some of the remaining topics for future research, together with data and other pertinent issues.

A Unified Approach to Measuring Poverty and Inequality: Theory and Practice is an introduction to the theory and practice of measuring poverty and inequality, as well as a user's guide for analyzing income or consumption distribution for any standard household dataset using the World Bank's ADePT software. The approach taken here considers income standards as building blocks for basic measurement, then uses them to construct inequality and poverty measures. This unified approach provides advantages in interpreting and contrasting the measures and in understanding the way measures vary over time and space. Several recent initiatives have lowered the cost of accessing household datasets. The ADePT software enables users to analyze microdata from household surveys and other sources and generate print-ready, standardized tables and charts. It can also be used to simulate the impact of economic shocks, cash transfers and other policy instruments on poverty, and inequality. The software automates analysis, helps minimize human errors, and encourages development of new economic analysis methods. Of interest to teachers and students as well as to policy practitioners, A Unified Approach to Measuring Poverty and Inequality will empower researchers to plumb greater depths in searching for regularity in larger and larger datasets. This book should help to enrich discussion and analysis relating to the World Bank's recent effort toward defining new targets and indicators for promoting work on eradicating poverty and enhancing shared prosperity.

El libro esta formado por tres trabajos: Dos conferencias sobre la crisis. Octubre 2011. Texto de las conferencias que impartí por cuarto año consecutivo, en los primeros días del curso académico sobre la crisis financiera actual y su impacto sobre la economía española. Sistema Financiero y Productividad Económica. Se intenta explicar las razones y consecuencias del hiperdesarrollo de las finanzas en relación a los sectores reales. Keynes y la crisis financiera actual. La obra de Keynes es inspiradora para analizar la crisis financiera por los motivos siguientes: a) era un experto en finanzas; b) destaca en su pensamiento la incertidumbre; c) observó directamente la Gran Depresión; d) participó activamente en la creación del Fondo Monetario Internacional.

In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.

Over the past century, the world has seen a sustained decline in the proportion of people living in poverty, but climate change could challenge poverty reduction efforts. On the Poverty and Welfare Impacts of Climate Change: Quantifying the Effects, Identifying the Adaptation Strategies surveys the relevant research on how climate change may affect global poverty rates and presents country-specific studies with implications for low-income rural populations as well as governments'risk management programs. An evidence review examines three main strands of the literature. Unsurprisingly, the impacts of climate change are shown to be generally regressive—falling more heavily on the poor than on the rich. However, most estimates have tended to ignore the effect of aggregate economic growth on poverty and household welfare. With continued growth, the evidence suggests that the poverty impact will be relatively modest and will not reverse the major decline in poverty expected over the next 40 years. Sector-specific studies—focusing on how climate change may affect agricultural yields—are generally poor predictors of national-level poverty impacts because of heterogeneity in the ability of households to adapt. That heterogeneity features prominently in studies of how weather shocks affect rural households in Indonesia and Mexico. Erratic deviations from long-term weather patterns affect growing cycles and thereby rural households'consumption (per capita expenditure) and health indicators. In Indonesia, the affected households appeared able to protect food expenditures at the expense of nonfood expenditures, and their access to credit and community public-works projects had the strongest moderating effects. In Mexico, weather shocks affected both food and nonfood consumption in ways that varied by both region and timing. The affected households'ability to smooth consumption depended on factors including proximity to bus stations. In some regions, weather shocks also had measurable stunting effects on the stature of children between 12 and 47 months of age, perhaps from changes in household income, increases in communicable diseases, or both. Overall, more region-specific analyses within more finely tuned climate categories will help researchers to better estimate the effects of climate change on poverty and the effectiveness of government-level strategies to address those effects. This book will be of interest to academics, and decision makers in government and nongovernmental organizations, seeking to design climate-smart poverty alleviation and safety net programs based on evidence.

What did the global food, fuel, and financial crises of 2008-11 mean to people living in the developing world? How did people cope with the crisis and how effective were they at averting major impacts? These are the questions addressed by this book, which emerged out of qualitative crisis monitoring initiatives carried out by IDS and the World Bank. As such, this is not a book about the causes of the crisis or how to prevent future crises. Instead, this book is about how people lived through the severe economic turmoil of recent years, how they were affected, and what they did to cope, presenting the compelling perspectives of affected communities in developing and transition countries on shocks and coping, vulnerability and resilience. The book brings together qualitative crisis monitoring conducted during 2008-2011 in communities in sixteen countries, including eight country case studies that illustrate how people in specific localities were impacted by global shocks, what coping strategies they applied, and which sources of support proved helpful. The studies in this book reveal striking similarities in people's coping responses across otherwise different countries. They also reveal widespread concern over high and volatile food prices, suggesting that the still ongoing global food crisis needs far more attention from policymakers. As the most comprehensive qualitative research on crisis impacts and coping carried out in developing countries, the book also highlights the capacity for participatory research to pick up impacts and responses that other approaches may miss and contributing to the knowledge of how to qualitatively assess shocks, vulnerability, and resilience. This book will serve as an indispensable source of reference for future crisis monitoring efforts. Written in accessible language, this book will help specialists and non-specialists alike understand how large economic crises impact people and communities and what is the role of public policy in protecting against risk.

The book examines India?s experience with poverty reduction in a period of rapid economic growth. Marshalling evidence from multiple sources of survey data and drawing on new methods, the book asks how India?s structural transformation - from rural to urban, and from agriculture to nonfarm sectors - is impacting poverty. Our analysis suggests that since the early 1990s, urban growth has emerged as a much more important driver of poverty reduction than in the past. We focus in particular on the role of small and medium size conurbations in India, both as the urban sub-sector in which urban pover.

Despite substantial progress towards peace, economic growth, and better governance since 2003, Liberia remains one of the poorest countries in the world. The objective of this study is twofold. First it is to provide a basic diagnostic of both consumption-based poverty and human development (especially education and health) in the country using the 2007 CWIQ (Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire) survey. Second, it is to assess the likely impact on the poor of the recent economic crisis, and especially the increase in rice prices, and to document the targeting performance of various measures taken by the government in 2008/09 to help the poor cope with the crisis. These measures included a reduction in import taxes for rice, a reform of the personal income tax, and the implementation of a cash for work temporary employment program.

En la década actual me ha ocupado y preocupado el tema de las crisis financieras. Las publicaciones de esos años recogen mi inquietud. Advertía la fragilidad e inestabilidad de las nuevas finanzas y creía que se estaba generando una dinámica peligrosa e insostenible a largo plazo que podía degenerar en una grave crisis. No tenía idea, sin embargo, ni de la causa detonante de la crisis, ni del momento, ni tampoco de su extraordinaria magnitud. Antonio Torrero Mañas (Almería, 1940) comienza su carrera profesional en MAPFRE Mutualidad de Seguros, donde ocupó cargos directivos en sociedades de inversión. Ha sido Consejero Delegado de AGECO (Asesoramiento y Gestión Económica), Presidente del Banco Hipotecario de España, Presidente de Reit S.A., Consejero del Instituto Nacional de Hidrocarburos y Consejero del Banco Español de Crédito hasta la intervención de la entidad en 1993. Ha sido profesor de la Universidad Complutense y de la Universidad de Málaga. Pertenece, desde su fundación, al Instituto Español de Analistas Financieros. En la actualidad es Catedrático Emérito de Estructura Económica de la Universidad de Alcalá. Entre los últimos libros publicados se cuentan La obra de John Maynard Keynes y su visión del mundo financiero; La Burbuja Especulativa y la Crisis Económica de Japón; Crisis financieras. Enseñanzas de cinco episodios, y Revolución en las Finanzas. Los grandes cambios en las ideas. Represión y Liberalización Financiera.

Since the financial meltdown of 2008, economists, journalists, and politicians have uniformly insisted that to restore the American Dream and renew economic growth, we need to save more and spend less. In his provocative new book, historian James Livingston—author of the classic Origins of the Federal Reserve System—breaks from the consensus to argue that underconsumption caused the current crisis and will prolong it. By viewing the Great Recession through the prism of the Great Depression, Livingston proves that private investment is not the engine of growth we assume it to be. Tax cuts for business are therefore a recipe for disaster. If our goal is to reproduce the economic growth of the postwar era, we need a redistribution of income that reduces corporate profits, raises wages, and promotes consumer spending.

The literature on growth and poverty is voluminous and still evolving. This title distills the most important lessons from developing countries'experience with growth and poverty. It provides a broad understanding of the impact of economic policies on growth and poverty reduction in developing countries. After describing basic economic relationships that summarize the workings and the measurement of the macroeconomy--and after confirming that growth is the most critical factor in alleviating poverty--the book turns to individual policy areas. These include the various roles of government, amo.

In The War On Success, bestselling author and business success coach Tommy Newberry charges that President Obama and his administration have declared war on the American Dream. A successful entrepreneur and small business owner, Newberry warns that Obama s socialist agenda and big-government programs of dependency threaten both the entrepreneurial spirit of the United States and the well-being of every American family. Through a letter to the president, politically incorrect stories from successful businessmen, as well as intensive research and his own personal insight, Newberry reveals how Americans can re-discover the fundamental principles of success and offers readers a concrete action plan and specific steps to take control of their own destiny and the well-being of their community.

Is more economic growth the solution? Will it deliver prosperity and well-being for a global population projected to reach nine billion? In this explosive book, Tim Jackson? a top sustainability adviser to the UK government? makes a compelling case against continued economic growth in developed nations. No one denies that development is essential for poorer nations. But in the advanced economies there is mounting evidence that ever-increasing consumption adds little to human happiness and may even impede it. More urgently, it is now clear that the ecosystems that sustain our economies are collapsing under the impacts of rising consumption. Unless we can radically lower the environmental impact of economic activity? and there is no evidence to suggest that we can? we will have to devise a path to prosperity that does not rely on continued growth. Economic heresy? Or an opportunity to improve the sources of well-being, creativity and lasting prosperity that lie outside the realm of the market? Tim Jackson provides a credible vision of how human society can flourish? within the ecological limits of a finite planet. Fulfilling this vision is simply the most urgent task of our times. This book is a substantially revised and updated version of Jackson's controversial study for the Sustainable Development Commission, an advisory body to the UK Government. The study rapidly became the most downloaded report in the Commission's nine year history when it was launched earlier this year.

Highlights of this new edition:? Chapters substantially revised to reflect current thinking in macroeconomics? Includes 31 boxed case studies that are easily cross-referenced? New material added and empirical data updated to better reflect labour market developments during the last three decades? Streamlined mathematical appendix Advanced macroeconomics can seem a daunting prospect. Complex and poorly defined, infected with a variety of conflicting approaches, it is difficult for the student to get an overall picture of what there is and how it fits in. Foundations of Modern Macroeconomics is aimed at getting round this fundamental problem: it deals with all the major topics, summarizes the important approaches, and gives students a coherent angle on all aspects of macroeconomic thought. Each chapter deals with a separate area of macroeconomics, and each contains a summary section of key points and a further reading list, enabling the student to check what has been learnt and investigate further in other books.

Drawing upon recent analytical work prepared inside and outside the World Bank, this report identifies key lessons concerning the linkages between poverty and the environment. With a focus on the contribution of environmental resources to household welfare, the analysis increases our understanding of how specific reforms and interventions can have an impact on the health and livelihoods of poor people.'Scholars and development practitioners increasingly recognize that in low-income countries there are inextricable links between poverty reduction and natural resources management. Demand h

Alkire examines how Nobel Prize-winning economist Amartya Sen's capability approach can be coherently-and practically-put to work in participatory poverty reduction activities. Sen argues that economic development should expand'valuable'capabilities. Alkire probes how we identify what is valuable. Sen deliberately left the capability approach'incomplete'in order to ensure its relevance to persons and cultures with different understandings of the good. Part I proposes a framework for identifying valuable capabilities that retains this'fundamental'incompleteness and space for individual and cultural diversity. Drawing on the work of John Finnis and others, Alkire addresses foundational issues regarding the identification and pursuit of'valuable'dimensions of human development based in practical reason, then observes that much of the criticism of development arises from negative impacts on social or cultural/religious dimensions that are also deeply valued by the poor. Part I closes with a four-part'operational definition'of basic capability that bridges'basic needs', participation, and informed consent. Part II proposes an alternative participatory method for systematically identifying valued changes in participants'capability sets. Three case studies of women's income generation activities in Pakistan---goat-rearing, adult literacy, and rose cultivation---contrast economic cost-benefit analysis of each activity with capability analysis.

Vol. 1--Part 1: Survey design & Part 2: Core Modules ; Vol. 2--Part 3: Additional Modules & Part 4: Special Topics ; Vol. 3--Draft Questionnaire Modules.