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EBES conferences have been an intellectual hub for academic discussion in economics, finance, and business fields and provide network opportunities for participants to make long-lasting academic cooperation. This is the 27th volume of the Eurasian Studies in Business and Economics (EBES's official proceeding series), which includes selected papers from the 40th EBES Conference which took place in Istanbul on July 6-8, 2022. The conference was organized with the support of the Istanbul Economic Research Association in hybrid mode with both online and in-person discussions at the Istanbul Ticaret University in Istanbul, Türkiye. Both theoretical and empirical papers in this volume cover diverse areas of business, economics, and finance from many different regions.

This is the 29th issue of the Springer's series Eurasian Studies in Business and Economics, which is the official book series of the Eurasia Business and Economics Society (EBES, www.ebesweb.org). This issue includes selected papers presented at the 42nd EBES Conference – Lisbon on January 12th, 13th, and 14th, 2023 hosted by the ISCTE-IUL Instituto Universitário de Lisboa. The conference was held both in hybrid with both in-person and online paper presentation format.

This is the 28th issue of the Springer's series Eurasian Studies in Business and Economics, which is the official book series of the Eurasia Business and Economics Society (EBES, www.ebesweb.org). This issue includes selected papers presented at the 41st EBES Conference – Berlin that was held on October 12-14, 2022 and jointly be organized with GLO (The Global Labor Organization) and in collaboration with the FOM University of Applied Sciences. The conference was held both in hybrid with both in-person and online paper presentation format.

This book explains the strong push for the security of digital currencies and the sustainability of global trade development. It studies multilateral international trade agreements such as Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement. This book analyses and examines case studies from Asia and Europe presented from different trade agreements'policies. It focuses on the role of digital currencies as the tool for global trade development used by the biggest economies and international trade organisations such as WTO. It explores the strategies of the respective countries using digital currencies in international trade to gain economic advantage. It is beneficial for international finance students and professionals working in the banking sector.

A novel perspective on monetary and fiscal policy that views money as the equity capital of a nationA conventional economic theory, monetarism, holds that inflation is a monetary phenomenon driven by changes in the supply of money. Yet recent experience—including the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2008 and the economic development of China—contradict this basic prediction. In this book, leading economists Patrick Bolton and Haizhou Huang offer a novel perspective, viewing monetary economics through the lens of corporate finance. They propose a richer theory, where money can be seen as the equity capital of a nation, playing a similar role as stocks for a company. This innovative framework integrates the real and monetary sides of the economy, with a banking sector and debt at its core.In the financial world, companies issue new shares only if it results in some kind of value creation; this is a basic principle of corporate finance that Bolton and Huang argue can be applied to monetary economics. When the government increases the money supply to finance positive net value investments—when it prints money to keep the economy going—it increases output, not inflation. This is evidenced by the strong growth in GDP and money in China over the last four decades, and in the United States during World War II. The effect of increasing money supply, they argue, depends on how money enters the system and what the money buys. The principles outlined by Bolton and Huang shed new light on a range of issues, including inflation, monetary and fiscal policy, central banking, money and growth, and the international monetary system.

Angesichts seiner fast 1,4 Milliarden Einwohner, seiner wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung und geopolitischen Attraktivität hat Indien das Potenzial, eine führende Weltmacht zu werden. Ein Großteil dieses Potenzials ist Wirklichkeit. Indien ist heute vor China die am schnellsten wachsende Volkswirtschaft der Welt. Aber Indien kämpft nicht nur mit seiner Zukunft, sondern auch mit Herausforderungen der Gegenwart, wie der Armut und ernsthafter Umweltbedenken. Unter der Annahme, dass China morgen aufhört zu wachsen, und dass Indien jährlich um 7 bis 8 Prozent wächst und sein Einkommen alle zehn Jahre verdoppelt, würde Indien China immer noch nicht vor 2050 einholen. Ohne wirtschaftliche und technologische Schlagkraft werden Indiens Ambitionen, bald eine Großmacht zu werden, genau das bleiben: Ambitionen. Das Buch besteht aus deutsch- und englischsprachigen Beiträgen und umfasst Themen wie das soziale und kulturelle Fundament Indiens, die Ökonomie Indiens, das Finanzwesen und die indische Politik vor dem Hintergrund regional und globaler Strukturen oder Indiens strukturelle Herausforderungen, wie z.B. die Frage der Nachhaltigkeit sowie der Urbanisierung und Digitalisierung.

Since the Tsinghua PBCSF Chief Economists Forum's inception in 2019, the 2023 forum, adhering to the traditions of previous sessions, with combining online and offline innovation formats, conducted an in-depth analysis of many key issues in the current macro-economy from the perspective of the chief economists, with a focus on the future of China and global economy from all angles. It has become the largest and highest-level economic forum in China. 20 chief economists and leading scholars from prestigious institutions attended the forum, engaging in in-depth discussions on the reform of the global economic order amidst financial turbulence. They conducted forward-looking analyses of both the Chinese and world financial markets, with the aim of exploring solutions to the issue of economic growth worldwide. 5 million viewers tuned in online. Through our projects, China's foremost economic experts share their insights with the world, generating innumerable originaland highly professional economic analyses. The themes addressed in our forum span the globe and will have a long-lasting impact. Embracing diversity, we aim to provide an array of perspectives on the direction of global economic development, promote informed decision-making, and bridge the communication gap between China and the rest of the world on economic matters, in a book of interest to scholars, economists and China watchers. Jiandong JU is the Unigroup Chair Professor at PBC School of Finance in Tsinghua University, Director of Center for International Finance and Economics Research, PBC School of Finance, Tsinghua University.

A rigorous defense of free markets and open enterprise in the tradition of Adam Smith.During the 20th century, Vietnam and Poland were both victims not only of devastating wars, but also of socialist planned economies that destroyed whatever war hadn't already. In 1990, Vietnam was still one of the poorest countries in the world, while Poland was one of the poorest in Europe. But in the three decades since then, both countries have drastically improved their citizens'standards of living and escaped the vicious cycle of national poverty.In this book, Rainer Zitelmann identifies the reasons behind the sensational growth of both nations'economies, drawing out the lessons that other countries can learn from these two success stories. To explain the source of their success, he returns to Adam Smith's 1776 treatise, The Wealth of Nations: the only way to overcome poverty is through economic growth, Smith wrote, and economic freedom is the crucial prerequisite for such growth.Developments over the past 250 years have proved Smith right. The market economy has led to a global decline in poverty unparalleled in human history. Compare this to the fifty years of “development aid” in Africa that have only entrenched the status quo, and it is clear which approach yields superior results.Despite these strides, almost ten percent of the world's population still lives in extreme poverty. So, what measures actually help to alleviate poverty today? Through a wealth of data and stories from the everyday lives of Polish and Vietnamese people who experienced reforms, Zitelmann demonstrates the persistent relevance of Smith's ideas to economic flourishing in the 21st century.

This book clarifies the mechanism of widening income inequality and declining labor share in macroeconomics, growth, technology, and the labor market, and provides policy implications. The volume covers three research themes: the influence of structural change, the advancement of artificial intelligence, and the phenomena of market concentration on inequalities and labor share dynamics in theory and empirics. The wide array of theoretical topics in this book includes the implications of unbalanced growth, economy-wide elasticity of substitution between capital and labor, relatively rising service sectors, superstar firm phenomena, automation, the heterogeneity of capital, increasing returns to scale, and the information and financial service sectors on inequalities and labor share decline. These analyses are based on multifactor, multisector general equilibrium, the goods market, and the labor market's imperfectly competitive framework. In addition, the book covers the relevant empirical data analyses that involve top wealth dynamics in the U.S. Forbes 400, the effect of deepening ICT capital on the labor share in major Japanese industries, and the emergence of increasing returns to scale in the Japanese information and financial sectors.

This book systematically examines the progression of carrying capacity research and its correlation with sustainable development, constructing a new framework of interactive theory and application methods within the context of sustainable development. Additionally, it links carrying capacity theory and methods with the unique challenges faced by China in achieving sustainable development. The book delves into the implementation of sustainable development strategies tailored to China's specific circumstances. In practical research, the book conducts comprehensive calculations and analyses of the carrying capacity of various regions in China from resource, environmental, and economic perspectives. It employs various analytical approaches to elucidate and investigate three key issues in China's current development landscape: regional functional planning, urban-rural coordinated development, and the transformation of economic growth models. The book is intended to unveil more efficacious solutions, pathways, and measures to address these challenges.

This open access book analyzes the achievements and challenges of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) from the macro and industrial, real and financial, domestic and international perspectives, and explores the opportunities for future development and related public policy issues. It is a new research achievement of CICC Research and CICC Global Institute on major issues in China's new development stage. The year 2023 marks the tenth anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Over the past decade, BRI has established more than 3,000 cooperation projects, galvanized nearly 1 trillion U.S. dollars of investment, created more than 420,000 jobs, and lifted nearly 40 million people out of poverty. BRI has made remarkable achievements in promoting connectivity and cooperative development between China and participating countries, and has been welcomed by the international community both as a public good and a cooperation platform. Compared with ten years ago, the global environment has undergone profound changes. COVID-19 epidemic has brought great impacts to the world, and the post-epidemic economic recovery is uneven, with some long-term scarring effects still emerging. New changes and constraints, such as geopolitical events, industry chain adjustment, and green transition, have also exerted far-reaching influences on the economic fundamentals and global governance. Under the new situation, international cooperation mechanisms, including BRI, are facing new problems and challenges, which need to be explored and solved in practice. This book is both academically rigorous and readable, and provides valuable references for public policy departments, enterprises, and financial institutions who seek to better understand the macro, financial and industrial trends of BRI.

This book demonstrates the relevance of the historical perspective with respect to national and international payment systems. Its analysis of national and international payments develops along a dialectical path that starts with the work of the Classics (thesis), undergoes a radical turn with the advent of the neoclassical school (antithesis), and reaches the modern theory of emissions passing through Keynes's contribution (synthesis). That the history of economic thought occupies a legitimate place in the field of historical studies is beyond dispute. What may be less well understood is that it can serve purposes beyond those of the academic community of historians.This book critically investigates the contributions of the greatest economists of the past to provide insights into the pathologies of today's systems of national and international payments and into the reforms that are needed to correct them. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in economicpolicy and the history of economic thought.

Despite the growing consensus that the rise of China is transforming international relations, policy makers and scholars have not sufficiently addressed the geopolitical and geoeconomic implications of a new paradigm, especially since the Covid-19 pandemic and the Russo-Ukrainian war. This book fills this gap.This is an original and innovative book that investigates how a new modus vivendi between China and the United States in a post-globalized world requires more economic independence because of the distrust between G20 economies but heightened international cooperation, in order to avert a shift to nationalism and protectionism and to fight financial and climate crises.The book is divided into four parts. Part I investigates the specific features of Chinese and U.S. capitalisms; Part II argues that several flaws observed in the multilateral architecture since the early 2000s have caused global imbalances and increased misunderstanding and mistrust between the two superpowers; Part III analyzes how the China-U.S. rivalry has manifested in Asia, Latin America, and in terms of global development finance and finally, Part IV provides a blueprint for a successful and revamped international order. The book provides an ambitious interdisciplinary analysis of the future of multilateralism and globalization with contributions from economists, lawyers, and political scientists.Due to its multidisciplinary approach, the book will attract the interest of scholars and postgraduate students from wide ranging fields, as well as practitioners working in international organizations, policy makers and more generally educated lay readers interested in the topic.

This book first analyzes the institutional changes and historical value orientations brought about by China's economic reforms and then explores the justice and progressiveness of changes in social production relations, as well as the uniqueness of economic growth and macro control in China's institutional changes. It further delves into the effectiveness and qualitative improvement during the growth process, including the evolution of structural height, the formation of structural benefits, and the improvement of factor productivity and input–output efficiency. Finally, the book dissects the systemic motivation of China's economic growth and development and proposes the requirements for systemic changes to achieve sustainable development. The main innovation of this book lies in revealing the basic driving factors of the debate on the justice of institutional change from the perspective of value theory, deepening the understanding of China's reform and development experience,and emphasizing the importance of economic growth structure efficiency and total factor efficiency.