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Volume 41 of Research in Economic Anthropology explores a wide range of topics of interest to economic anthropology. The opening paper presents a novel approach to anthropological-economic infrastructural research in England, specifically London's Thames Tideway Tunnel. The volume's first section consists of four papers that are tied together by two common threads: the roles of money in social ties between people, and moral concerns regarding these and other roles and uses of money in society. The section covers commercial surrogate mothers in Russia, social welfare provision in Pakistan, the management of a communal fund within a school alumni association in South Korea, and a credit scheme's impact on women in Nigeria. Part two focuses on two basic necessities of human life—food and clothing - examining a New Zealand food security initiative that rescues “waste” food, modern transformations of a pre-owned clothing market in Hamburg, Germany, and Muslim fashion retail business in the same country's capital city, Berlin. Finally, the volume closes with a third section that fixes an anthropological lens on contemporary developments in Latin America, analyzing the larger fair trade movement and its particular manifestations and implications in Oaxaca, Mexico, the cost-effectiveness of the reintegration of ex-combatants in Colombia, and patron-client relations in Brazil and how these have been politically perceived and presented by domestic and foreign intellectuals and academics, respectively.

Segundo alguns, a ideia da Ethereum nasceu em 2009, quando a Bitcoin se tornou a primeira solução prática de descentralização. Sem dúvida, o sucesso da Blockchain influenciou bastante Vitalik Buterin, o homem por trás da Ethereum. No entanto, 2012 seria uma data mais específica. Foi quando Vitalik deixou a Universidade de Waterloo para viajar pelo mundo, participando de várias inovações em criptomoedas. Enquanto estava nesta viagem, Buterin concebeu a idéia da Ethereum; uma cripto-plataforma, economicamente segura, para criar qualquer tipo de aplicativo descentralizado. Depois disso, Vitalik começou a redigir o White Paper da Ethereum. O documento justificou a ideia de uma nova cripto-tecnologia, declarou seus princípios capitais e possíveis aplicações. O white paper foi publicado em 2013 e, um mês depois, Buterin anunciou, durante o fórum Bitcointalk, o início do projeto Ethereum. Em seu post, Vitalik disse que estava trabalhando com Jeffrey Wilcke e Dr. Gavin Wood como principais desenvolvedores do postulado central. Wood assumiu o papel principal na criação da Ethereum, depois de Vitalik. Seu Livro Amarelo (a especificação formal da Ethereum Virtual Machine) foi publicado em abril de 2014. Codificando sua primeira implementação prática em sete linguagens de programação, este foi o desenvolvimento do primeiro protótipo da plataforma Ethereum. Assim como a Ethereum, a Bitcoin é baseada na tecnologia Blockchain, mas isso não significa nada, caso não seja apoiada pela rede mais poderosa da história. Os investidores canalizaram milhões de dólares na Bitcoin, usando o dinheiro em comércio, equipamentos de mineração e tecnologias. Lançar uma rede como essa exige a mesma quantidade (ou mais) de esforço. Para iniciar um grupo de investidores, mineradores e desenvolvedores, a fundação Ethereum optou por realizar uma pré-venda de mais de 60 milhões de tokens digitais (Ethers). A campanha acabou sendo um grande sucesso

Based on comprehensive empirical studies, the paper identifies key reforms and defines strategies to enhance the competitiveness of the cotton sector in West and Central Africa. Lessons learned from the 1990s suggest that transferring public property to private enterprises is not enough, by itself, to put the sector back on a sustainable path.The cotton sector in most West and Central African countries is critical in terms of its contribution to GDP and exports as well as poverty reduction. Until recently, the cotton sector was characterized by a vertically integrated monopolistic structure, whereby all transactions in the chain including, ginning, transportation and input supply were handled by the State Owned cotton company. However during the late 1990s, a number of internal and external factors created the need to reassess the structure of the cotton industries in the region. This assessment revealed that, in this new context, vertically integrated monopolies were too costly to ensure vertical coordination of the cotton supply chain. Areas of improvement are associated with the following three targets: 1. increasing yields to produce larger volumes, 2. reducing cost and increasing the reliability of grading, 3. enhancing sales revenues. The paper explains how these targets can be effectively pursued through sector reforms.

This paper investigates the asymmetries in trade spillovers from sector-specific technology shocks in China to selected euro area countries. We use a Ricardian-gravity trade model to estimate sectoral competitiveness in individual euro area countries. Simulations on the impact of productivity shocks in Chinese textiles and machinery suggest that the required adjustment in wages, prices, and factor re-allocation is widely heterogeneous across euro area countries on accounts of their different specialization patterns. This raises the question of the distribution of gains and losses from external trade shocks.

The global supply chain isn't what it used to be, and the COVID-19 pandemic taught us all about it. Whether it was the lack of toilet paper in stores or the cargo containers sitting unloaded on docks, we all learned the hard way that what we were doing wasn't working. Things needed to change.The solution, as it turns out, is right in front of us. While tearing it all down and starting from scratch sounds nice, what would be even better is if we could adapt and shift our current systems into something more universal. Some way of cutting out all the middlemen that have slowed things down, to get them moving substantially faster. We need to stop thinking of ourselves as individual fiefdoms in a mammoth kingdom, and more like components in a system. An ecosystem, as it were.Then, we need to add in the biggest component of them all: AI. By integrating AI into our new ecosystem, we can move from a stale and stagnant industry into something fresh and cutting edge.Welcome to the AI Ecosystem Revolution.In this book, Joe Hudicka, a global leader in the supply chain industry, breaks down the problems inherent with the system as it stands today. Then he provides thoughtful solutions, delivering them in a casual and accessible manner so even people who don't know what a 4 PL is can understand and learn more about this very complex topic.Learn about:The Silent Shift™: How the global supply chain changes when you aren't lookingForestreaming™: Forecasting is old schoolAI Ecosystems™: How to prepare your company for what's nextThe Future of the Global Supply Chain: What's coming up and what's already hereReal-Time Reporting: How talking to each other can make a huge difference… and so much more.The AI Ecosystems Revolution: Transforming the Global Supply Chain through Real-Time Reporting will change the way you think about how we get our goods and what we need to do to make things better. Whether you're the CEO of a large company who wants figure out why their materials are so expensive, or just a casual fan of logistics who years to find out more about what makes our planet hum, this is the book for you.

A focused, user-friendly introduction to international financial reporting International Financial Reporting, 8th edition by Melville employs a practical, applied approach in exploring and explaining the key financial standards. With more than 140 countries in the world now using international financial reporting standards (IFRS® Standards), knowledge of the standards issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB®) is vital to your success in financial accounting. Offering a thorough introduction to international financial reporting, this new edition brings the book completely up-to-date with international standards issued as of 1 January 2022. The title is suitable for second-year undergraduates studying for a degree in accounting and finance and those preparing for examinations for the professional accounting bodies. It explains each standard as clearly and concisely as possible and provides plenty of worked examples and solutions. End-of-chapter exercises feature questions from past exam papers of key professional accountancy bodies to test your grasp of the topics introduced in that chapter.'Melville's textbook is accessible, comprehensive, reliable, and a pleasure to read.'Dr. Neil Dunne, Trinity College Dublin'A practical book which takes a very technical subject and breaks it down into concise sections which are easy to follow.'Emma James, Swansea University Pearson, the world's learning company.

This is the first modern study of the Fellowship of Merchant Adventurers - England's most important trading company of the sixteenth century - in its final century of existence as a privileged organisation. Over this period, the Company's main trade, the export of cloth to northwest Europe, was overshadowed by rising traffic with the wider world, whilst its privileges were continually criticised in an era of political revolution. But the Company and its membership were not passive victims of these changes; rather, they were active participants in the commercial and political dramas of the century. Using thousands of neglected private merchant papers, Fellowship and Freedom views the Company from the perspective of its members, in the process bringing to life the complex social worlds of early modern merchants. For members,'freedom'meant not just the right to access a privileged market, but also to trade independently, which could conflict with the'fellowship'of corporate affiliation, and the responsibilities to the collective that it entailed. The study's major theme is the challenge of maintaining corporate unity in the face of this and other pressures that the Company faced. It restores the centrality of the Merchant Adventurers within three important historical narratives: England's transition from the margins to the centre of the European, and later global, economy; the rise and fall of the merchant corporation as a major form of commercial government in premodern Europe; and the political history of the corporation in an era of state formation and revolution.

China's current account surplus has declined significantly from its peak in 2008 and the external position in 2018 was in line with medium-term fundamentals and desirable policies. While cyclical factors and expansionary credit and fiscal policies contributed, the trend decline has been largely structural, driven by economic rebalancing from investment to consumption, appreciation of the real effective exchange rate (REER) towards equilibrium, increase in outbound tourism, and moderation in goods surplus reflecting market saturation and China's faster growth compared with trading partners. Policies should focus on continued rebalancing and opening up to ensure excessive surpluses do not return, and to prepare the economy and the financial system to handle more volatile capital flows. From a global perspective, the decline in China's surplus has lowered global imbalances, but with different impact across countries. The analysis is based on data as of July 2019.

Según algunos, la idea de Ethereum nació en 2009, cuando Bitcoin se convirtió en la primera solución práctica de descentralización. Sin lugar a dudas, el éxito de Blockchain influyó mucho en Vitalik Buterin, el hombre detrás de Ethereum. Sin embargo, 2012 sería una fecha más particular. Fue entonces cuando Vitalik dejó la Universidad de Waterloo para viajar por el mundo mientras participaba en diversas innovaciones de criptomonedas. Mientras estuvo en este viaje, Buterin concibió la idea de Ethereum; una plataforma crypto económicamente segura para crear cualquier tipo de aplicación descentralizada. Después de eso, Vitalik comenzó a redactar el Libro Blanco de Ethereum. El documento justifica la idea de una nueva tecnología criptográfica, establece sus principales principios y posibles aplicaciones. El libro blanco se publicó en 2013, y un mes después, Buterin anunció el comienzo del proyecto Ethereum durante el foro de Bitcointalk. En su publicación, Vitalik dijo que estaba trabajando con Jeffrey Wilcke y el Dr. Gavin Wood como principales desarrolladores centrales. Wood tomó la parte principal en la creación de Ethereum después de Vitalik. Su Yellow Paper (la especificación formal de Ethereum Virtual Machine) se publicó en abril de 2014. Al codificar su primera implementación práctica en siete lenguajes de programación, este fue el desarrollo del primer prototipo de la plataforma Ethereum. Al igual que Ethereum, Bitcoin se basa en la tecnología Blockchain, pero esto no significa nada si no cuenta con el respaldo de la red más poderosa de la historia. Los inversores canalizaron millones de dólares en Bitcoin, utilizando el dinero en comercio, equipos de minería y tecnologías. Lanzar una red como esa exige la misma cantidad (o más) de esfuerzo. Para poner en marcha un grupo de inversores, mineros y desarrolladores, la fundación Ethereum optó por llevar a cabo una preventa de más de 60 millones de tokens digitales (Ethe

In the early decades of the eighteenth century, Yemen hosted a bustling community of merchants who sailed to the southern Arabian Peninsula from the east and the west, seeking and offering a range of commodities, both luxury and mundane. In Shipped but Not Sold, Nancy Um opens the chests these merchants transported to and from Yemen and examines the cargo holds of their boats to reveal the goods held within. They included eastern spices and aromatics, porcelain cups and saucers with decorations in gold from Asia, bales of coffee grown in the mountains of Yemen, Arabian horses, and a wide variety of cotton, silk, velvet, and woolen cloth from India, China, Persia, and Europe; in addition to ordinary provisions, such as food, beer, medicine, furniture, pens, paper, and wax candles. As featured in the copious records of the Dutch and English East India Companies, as well as in travel accounts and local records in Arabic, these varied goods were not just commodities intended for sale in the marketplace. Horses and textile banners were mobilized and displayed in the highly visible ceremonies staged at the Red Sea port of Mocha when new arrivals appeared from overseas at the beginning of each trade season. Coffee and aromatics were served and offered in imported porcelain and silver wares during negotiations that took place in the houses of merchants and officials. Major traders bestowed sacks of spices and lavish imported textiles as gifts to provincial governors and Yemen's imam in order to sustain their considerable trading privileges. European merchants who longed for the distant comforts of home carried tables and chairs, along with abundant supplies of wine and spirits for their own use and, in some cases, further distribution in Yemen's ports and emporia. These diverse items were offered, displayed, exchanged, consumed, or utilized by major international merchants and local trade officials in a number of socially exclusive practices that affirmed their identity, status, and commercial obligations, but also sustained the livelihood of their business ventures. Shipped but Not Sold posits a key role for these socially significant material objects (many of which were dispatched across oceans but not intended only for sale on the open market) as important signs, tools, and attributes in the vibrant world of a rapidly transforming Indian Ocean trading society.

This ebook has a child focus within shopping from three perspectives. The papers include the representation of shopping that children are given through books as well as the perception they have of the ideal shopping, the store retail landscape studied from the viewpoints of discretionary consumption and the store atmosphere, and finally two aspects of retail catalogues (the children's reaction to incongruent images and the meaning of the absence of children).

This issue examines the diverse pharmaceutical marketing sector, with contributors analysing ethical issues, the need to strengthen theoretical foundations for greater understanding of the impact of activity in the sector, and policy implications relating to patient empowerment. A focus on online and social media is provided in several papers, highlighting the importance of this rapidly growing area.

This paper discusses Liberia's Fourth Review Under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) Arrangement and Requests for Waivers of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria (PC), Modification of PC, and Rephasing and Extension of the Arrangement. The end-June 2014 quantitative PC on government revenues and central bank net foreign exchange position, and one indicative target on net domestic assets were not met. Only three out of seven structural benchmarks for the fourth review were met. Based on the authorities'corrective actions, the IMF staff supports completion of the delayed fourth ECF review, and the authorities'request for an extension and re-phasing of the program to end-December 2016.

From Bitcoin to Apple Pay, big changes seem to be afoot in the world of money. Yet the use of coins and paper bills has persisted for 3,000 years. In How Would You Like to Pay?, leading anthropologist Bill Maurer narrates money's history, considers its role in everyday life, and discusses the implications of how new technologies are changing how we pay. These changes are especially important in the developing world, where people who lack access to banks are using cell phones in creative ways to send and save money. To truly understand money, Maurer explains, is to understand and appreciate the complex infrastructures and social relationships it relies on. Engaging and straightforward, How Would You Like to Pay? rethinks something so familiar and fundamental in new and exciting ways. Ultimately, considering how we would like to pay gives insights into determining how we would like to live.

The twelfth edition of Who's Buying Household Furnishings, Services, and Supplies is based on unpublished data collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics'2013 Consumer Expenditure Survey. It examines how much Americans spend on their homes by the following demographics: age, income, high-income households, household type, race and Hispanic origin, region of residence, and education. The items examined in this report fall within the categories of furniture, floor coverings, household textiles, appliances, and miscellaneous household equipment such as lamps and power tools. Also included are household services (day care, housekeeping, lawn care, etc.) and household supplies (laundry detergent, toilet paper, stationery and giftwrap, etc.). Also in this edition is a unique analysis of spending before (2000 to 2006) and after (2006 to 2013) the Great Recession.

Between 1869 and 2003, The Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts (abbreviated as the HMC) was an organisation with the task to make enquiry as to the places where manuscripts and private papers of historical interest were located and to report on their contents'. This commission meant that the HMC created detailed catalogues

Papers and proceedings of five national seminars organised by the Lala Lajpatrai Institute of Management.

The Papers presented in this issue represent a set of penetrating analyses of aspects of the negotiations underway, as well as reform proposals and adjustment processes to which CARICOM countries have been, and will be subjected for the foreseeable future. Collectively, they consider the roles of the political economist, small State diplomat, development journalist and non-State actors. They look at options facing the countries in respect of their role as commodity producers (especially of bananas and sugar); the possibility of a novel approach to delimitation of the interlocking exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in the Caribbean; and renewal of the agenda of political integration.

This book begins with an overview of information systems security, offering the basic underpinnings of information security and concluding with an analysis of risk management. Part II describes the McCumber Cube, providing the original paper from 1991 and detailing ways to accurately map information flow in computer and telecom systems. It also explains how to apply the methodology to individual system components and subsystems. Part III serves as a resource for analysts and security practitioners who want access to more detailed information on technical vulnerabilities and risk assessment analytics. McCumber details how information extracted from this resource can be applied to his assessment processes.

The spending data in Who's Buying Household Furnishings, Services, and Supplies are based on the Bureau of Labor Statistics'Consumer Expenditure Survey, an ongoing, nationwide survey of household spending. This book examines how much Americans spend on their homes by the demographics that count: age, income, high-income households, household type, race and Hispanic origin, region of residence, and education. To round out the spending picture, it also presents who-are-the-best-customers analyses of the data, showing the demographics of spending at a glance. The items examined in this report fall within the categories of furniture, floor coverings, household textiles, appliances, and miscellaneous household equipment such as lamps and power tools. Also included are household services (day care, housekeeping, gardening, etc.) and household supplies (laundry detergent, toilet paper, stationery and giftwrap, etc.). - Publisher.

Transform your ecommerce ideas into profitable reality with this page-turning new handbook Online shopping is more popular than ever, and ecommerce is now a multi-billion-dollar industry. Isn't it time for you to claim your share? If you've been wondering how to start an online business, or get your current business thriving online, this comprehensive guide shares everything you need to know. In Selling Online For Dummies, ecommerce advisor and online shopping guru Paul Waddy shows you exactly how to get started in setting up your online shop. With an expert's eye for business, and an easy-to-understand take on the technical stuff, Waddy takes you from digital start to finish as he discusses topics like: Finding hot products to sell, working with suppliers and managing your inventory Building a website from scratch by choosing the right developer and platform Marketing your site with smart SEO, paid ads, and organic marketing strategies on Google, Instagram, Facebook and TikTok Understanding the user experience and creating happy, loyal customers Dealing with payments, currencies, taxes and duties It's time to take advantage of the commercial opportunities waiting for you online. Selling Online For Dummies is a must-read that will help you turn your great idea from virtual to reality.

This cutting-edge guide not only shows how AI is transforming our careers, lives, businesses, and more, but also provides easy, actionable steps to make AI work for us. In this groundbreaking book, celebrated professor, entrepreneur, author, and podcaster Marc Beckman explores the transformative power of artificial intelligence (AI) and how it's poised to enhance and transform all aspects of society—revolutionizing our careers, enriching our family lives, and bringing our communities closer together. From business and advertising, to medicine, to warfare, to politics—Beckman meticulously explores the different areas where we'll soon feel AI's transformative impact. But that's only half of it. Throughout this book, he also provides the specific steps readers can take now to make sure these coming changes work for them. From the workplace to the home, AI is poised to reshape the way we approach our professional and personal lives. Beckman uses this book to make the case that AI will free up valuable time and energy, allowing individuals to focus on more creative and meaningful work, but also that AI will create possibilities for engagement that were unthinkable just a generation ago. He shows that with AI as our co-pilot, we'll unlock new opportunities for growth, innovation, and collaboration—all of which will lead to more fulfilling and rewarding careers. Beckman illustrates how AI will strengthen family bonds and improve the quality of our home lives too, changing everything from how we educate our kids to how we stay connected on social media. And as AI becomes more integrated into our cities and towns, it will play a crucial role in fostering a sense of community and belonging; through AI-powered platforms, Beckman shows how we will collaborate on projects, share resources, and support one another in times of need. This thought-provoking and essential book is a definitive guide to the many ways in which AI will transform our lives for the better... but also surprise us, delight us, force us to (re)consider how we interact with one another, and make us question what exactly counts as “human.” Join Marc Beckman on this exciting journey as he explores the near-endless possibilities of a world powered and transformed by artificial intelligence. It's an Age of Imagination... where the only limit is your own mind.

This book identifies the converging socio- cultural, economic, and technological conditions that have shaped, informed, and realised the identity of the contemporary virtual influencer, situating them at the intersection of social media, consumer culture, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and digital technologies.Through a critical analysis of virtual influencers and related media practices and discourses in an international context, each chapter investigates different themes relating to digitality and identity: virtual place and nationhood; virtual emotions and intimacy; im/ materialities of virtual everyday life; the biopolitics of virtual human-production; the necropolitics of pandemic virtuality; transmedial and mimetic virtualities; and the political economy of virtual influencers. The book argues that the virtual influencer represents the various ways in which contemporary identities have increasingly become naturalised with questions of virtuality, mediated by digital technologies across multiple realities.From practices relating to AI- driven, invasive data profiling needed for virtual influencer production to problematic online practices such as buying digital skin colour, the author examines how the virtual influencer's aesthetic, social, and economic value obfuscates some of the darker aspects of their role as an extractivist technology of virtuality: one which regulates, oppresses, and/ or classifies bodies and datafied bodies that serve the visual, (bio)political, and digital economies of virtual capitalism. In the process, the book simultaneously offers a critique of the virtual influencer as a representational figure existing across multiple digital platforms, spaces, and times, and of how they may challenge, complicate, and reinforce normative ideologies surrounding gender, race, class, sexuality, age, and ableism. As such, the book sheds light on some of the more troubling realities of the virtual influencer's existence, inasmuch as it celebrates their transformational potential, exploring the implications of both within an increasingly AI- driven, digital culture, society, and economy.Drawing from a wide range of disciplines, this book will appeal to scholars, researchers, and students working in the area(s) of: Popular Culture and Media; Internet, Digital and Social Media Studies; Data justice and Governance; Japanese Media Studies; Celebrity Studies; Fan Studies; Marketing and Consumer Studies; Sociology; Human– Computer Studies; and AI and Technology Studies.

Innovation is a critical facilitator in today's fast-changing global value chain landscape. This book describes the interplay of technological breakthroughs enabling efficiency and intelligence within value chains, making them smart and sustainable. From service models and smart technologies to the application of smart global value chains across sectors, this book offers a unique insight into the transformational role of smart global value chains in bringing agility and sustainability to the global value chain ecosystem.This book is an essential guide for academics, industry leaders, and policymakers to navigate the future where smart technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain, Internet of Things, and beyond reshape the global economic landscape.

Have you ever dreamt of turning a single vending machine into a network that blankets your city? This book isn't just about vending machines - it's your guide to becoming a vending machine mogul. In this book, you'll learn the strategies I used to build a network of over 80 machines across my city. From location domination tactics to data-driven product selection, this book equips you with the knowledge to: Secure prime real estate: Discover the secrets to negotiating with property managers and dominating the vending landscape in your target area. 2. Optimize your product mix: Uncover the science behind customer preferences and maximize sales with data-driven inventory management. 3. Build a self-sustaining network: Learn how to outsource tasks and leverage technology to free up your time for strategic growth. 4. Embrace the future of vending: Explore cutting-edge trends like cashless payment systems and remote monitoring to stay ahead of the curve. Whether you already have a couple of machines running or just starting with your first machine, this book is your blueprint for building a network that generates consistent, automated income.

PLUNKETT'S THE ALMANAC OF AMERICAN EMPLOYERS 2025 Key Findings: A complete report by Plunkett Research analyzing both America's top employers and the major trends sweeping through business and the economy that affect job seekers of all types. THE ALMANAC OF AMERICAN EMPLOYERS is the premier guide to 500 of the largest, most successful corporate employers in the nation (those with 2,500+ employee count), their employment practices, benefits and financial performance.Key Features: Job market trends analysis, data and competitive intelligenceStatistical tablesEmployment forecasts and statisticsImportant Contacts for Job SeekersIn-Depth Profiles of 500 of the largest, fastest-growing corporate employersGather Key Insights, Such As: How is each industry evolving?How is employment being shaped by new technologies?How is demand growing?What are the financial results of the leading companies?What are the names and titles of top executives?What are the top companies and what are their revenues?The Almanac of American Employers and the related online Major Employers Research Center are designed to be time-saving business tools for job seekers, marketers, sales directors, consultants, and strategists seeking to understand vibrant American corporate employers. It will also be of great use to placement, recruiting and human resources professionals, as well as professionals working in economic development, lending, and media. This feature rich almanac includes: Contents, Statistics and Analysis Include:Plunkett Research Provides Unique Analysis of the Following Major Trends Affecting Job SeekersThe U.S. Job Market OverviewCost Control Remains a Major Concern at Employers/Consolidation Through Mergers ContinuesThe Sharing & Gig Economy's Effect on Employment, Work Life and CareersTechnology Continues to Create Sweeping Changes in the WorkplaceContinued Growth in Outsourcing, Including Supply Chain and Logistics ServicesOffshoring and the Reshoring of American ManufacturingOlder Americans Will Delay Retirement and Work Longer/Many Employers Find Older Employees DesirableEmployment Sectors that Will Offer an Above-Average Number of Job OpportunitiesPlunkett Research Provides In-Depth Tables for the Following StatisticsU.S. Employment Statistics Overview: 2023-2024U.S. Civilian Labor Force: 1998 - July 2023Employment by Major Industry Sector: 2012, 2022 & Projected 2032Number of People Employed and Unemployed, U.S.: July 2023 vs. July 2024U.S. Labor Force Ages 16 to 24 Years Old by School Enrollment, Educational Attainment, Sex, Race & Ethnicity: October 2023Retirement Benefits in the U.S.: Access, Participation and Take-Up Rates, March 2023Top 30 U.S. Fastest Growing Occupations by Percent Change in Job Growth: 2022-2032Occupations with the Largest Expected Employment Increases, U.S.: 2022-2032Occupations with the Fastest Expected Decline, U.S.: 2022-2032

PLUNKETT'S ENGINEERING & RESEARCH INDUSTRY ALMANAC 2024 Key Findings: A complete market research report, including forecasts and market estimates, technologies analysis and developments at innovative firms within the Engineering & Research Industry. Gain vital insights that can help shape strategy for business development, product development and investments.Key Features: Business trends analysisIn-depth industry overviewTechnology trends analysisForecastsSpending, investment, and consumption discussionsIn-depth industry statistics and metricsIndustry employment numbersAdditional Key Features Include: Industry GlossaryIndustry Contacts list, including Professional Societies and Industry AssociationsProfiles of industry-leading companiesU.S. and Global FirmsPublicly held, Private and SubsidiariesExecutive ContactsRevenuesFor Public Companies: Detailed Financial SummariesStatistical TablesKey Questions Answered Include: How is the industry evolving?How is the industry being shaped by new technologies?How is demand growing in emerging markets and mature economies?What is the size of the market now and in the future?What are the financial results of the leading companies?What are the names and titles of top executives?What are the top companies and what are their revenues?This feature-rich report covers competitive intelligence, market research and business analysis—everything you need to know about the Engineering & Research Industry.Plunkett Research Provides Unique Analysis of the Following Major Trends Affecting the Engineering & Research IndustryIntroduction to the Engineering & Research IndustryA Short History of U.S. Industrial Research & DevelopmentR&D Expands in Chinese Research Parks/Patent Filings SoarOutsourcing and Offshoring of Research, Development and Engineering Grow Along With GlobalizationOriginal Design Manufacturing (ODM) Adds Value to Contract Electronics ManufacturingThe State of the Biotechnology Industry TodayNations Compete Fiercely in Biotech DevelopmentGlobalization and Worldwide Collaboration Fuel the Research Efforts of Major CorporationsNumber of Patent Applications Remains High/Patent Laws Change3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing), Rapid Prototyping and Computer Aided DesignIndustrial Robots and Factory Automation Advance Through Artificial Intelligence (AI)Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Power Research Continues/Fuel Cell Cars Enter MarketElectric Cars (EVs) and Plug-in Hybrids (PHEVs) to See Massive New Investments by Auto MakersMajor Technology Research in Batteries/Massive Investments in Battery Factories and Power StorageThe Future: Pervasive Computing and Complete Mobility Will Be Standard/ Artificial Intelligence (AI) Will Boost Nearly All SectorsSupercomputing Hits 1,194 Petaflops/IBM's Watson Expands Commercial Applications for Big DataSuperconductivity Provides Advanced Electricity Distribution TechnologyPrivate, Reusable Rockets Launch Commercial Satellites and Serve Both the U.S. Military & NASATechnology Discussion—Synthetic BiologyThe Future of Transportation and Supply Chains: Massive Investments in Infrastructure & Mobility ServicesHPTP Thermoplastics, Thermoset and Engineered Plastics Enable Advanced Products/Nanocomposites Offer the Ultimate i

PLUNKETT'S CONSUMER PRODUCTS, COSMETICS, HAIR & PERSONAL SERVICES INDUSTRY ALMANAC 2024 Key Findings: A complete market research report, including forecasts and market estimates, technologies analysis and developments at innovative firms within the Consumer Products, Cosmetics, Hair & Personal Services Industry. Gain vital insights that can help shape strategy for business development, product development and investments.Key Features: Business trends analysisIn-depth industry overviewTechnology trends analysisForecastsSpending, investment, and consumption discussionsIn-depth industry statistics and metricsIndustry employment numbersAdditional Key Features Include: Industry GlossaryIndustry Contacts list, including Professional Societies and Industry AssociationsProfiles of industry-leading companiesU.S. and Global FirmsPublicly held, Private and SubsidiariesExecutive ContactsRevenuesFor Public Companies: Detailed Financial SummariesStatistical Tables Key Questions Answered Include: How is the industry evolving?How is the industry being shaped by new technologies?How is demand growing in emerging markets and mature economies?What is the size of the market now and in the future?What are the financial results of the leading companies?What are the names and titles of top executives?What are the top companies and what are their revenues?This feature-rich report covers competitive intelligence, market research and business analysis—everything you need to know about the Consumer Products, Cosmetics, Hair & Personal Services Industry.Plunkett Research Provides Unique Analysis of the Following Major Trends Affecting the Consumer Products, Cosmetics, Hair & Personal Services IndustryIntroduction to the Consumer Products & Services IndustryThe Coronavirus'Effect on the Consumer Products & Services IndustryOnline Marketing, Social Media and Ecommerce Enable Startups/Disruption in Consumer Products and CosmeticsA Growing Middle Class in Emerging Markets Creates Vast New Opportunities for Consumer ProductsAmazon's Online Market Share Dominates/Temu & Shein Compete AggressivelyLOHAS-Socially Conscious Consumers Create Challenges and Opportunities for Advertisers and MarketersPrivate Label Brands Grow in Share of Total Store SalesDiverse Selling Techniques Boost Direct Marketers and Non-Store SalesSuper Beauty Stores Combine Shopping with Personal Care ServicesUp and Coming Independent Beauty Products Firms Snapped Up by Major PlayersSocial Media Spurs Beauty Products Sales Among Millennials and TeensBeauty Products Firms Target Unique Needs of Diverse Consumers WorldwideRegis Dominates the Hair Salon Business/Product Sales Enhance Salon ProfitsBlowout Bars ProliferateNatural/Organic Consumer Products Attract Greater Market ShareOrganic Food Sales Continue Global Growth/Locally Sourced Foods and Farm to Table Increase in PopularityConsumers Drive a Revolution in the Food Industry, Demanding Fresher, More Natural Foods, Creating both Pain and OpportunitiesWellness, Beauty and Health Converge in Consumer Products and ServicesMarket for CBD Remains SteadyCBD Oil and Hemp Cultivation, Production and Distribution ChallengesThe Future of CBDPlunkett Research Provides In-Depth Tables

The Metaverse – built from virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality – is arriving via wearable headsets that have cameras, microphones, speakers, sensors and communications built in. These spatial computing technologies create new social and economic connections, and while some of these connections are virtual, the business implications are very real. The authors set out the potential for financial services in metaverses and the ‘always-on'immersive future internet, beginning with a look at the key technologies needed to make these metaverses useful for businesses. They then go on to explore the emerging realities in which new markets will function and the digital assets that will be exchanged in transactions between online identities. The book develops a comprehensive and practical model of the Metaverse and the nature of those new transactions in a business environment. It has a clear view of virtual worlds and it provides both a simple taxonomy for digital assets and a tried-and-tested model of digital identity that will provide a better understanding of the opportunities that exist in the many metaverses where we will work, rest and play in the near future.

Discover The Truth About Profitable Pricing#1 New Release in Business Pricing and Business Purchasing & BuyingThe ultimate guide to pricing mastery and value-based pricing, The Truth About Pricing helps you unlock the secrets of your buyers'minds, understand their needs, and set prices that skyrocket your business's success.Pricing mastery made easy. A must-read for entrepreneurs seeking to determine what their customers value and set prices they want by understanding the truth about pricing—it isn't about the price. Everything that happens before the price matters much more than the price itself. Have happier clients, boost your profits, and confidently master the pricing game with this comprehensive guide.Boost your profits with an expert. Instructor of applied behavioral economics, marketing whiz, and best-selling author Melina Palmer provides a step-by-step guide to successful pricing strategies that resonate with your target audience, making them naturally more likely to choose you (regardless of the price). Discover the prices customers want and can't tell you, and gain an edge by understanding what your buyer values. The pricing mastery provided in The Truth About Pricing allows you to navigate pricing psychology and gain profitability, easier sales, and happier customers.Inside, find:The key to understanding your buyers needs and setting prices they wantWhat your customers—and your business—truly valueAn easy to follow guide to successful pricing for entrepreneurs to boost profits and have happier clientsIf you enjoy business plan books like Build, The New Model of Selling, or What Your Customer Wants and Can't Tell You, you'll love The Truth About Pricing.

Vous avez beaucoup entendu parler du commerce en ligne et vous aimeriez en savoir plus? Vous aimeriez comprendre quelles sont les nouvelles stratégies appliquées dans le commerce en ligne? Alors lisez ce qui suit... Le monde du commerce est diversifié, plein de possibilités et d'opportunités. Toutefois, il est essentiel de comprendre qu'il ne s'agit pas d'un système d'enrichissement rapide qui vous permettra de gagner des millions du jour au lendemain. Si vous cherchez des méthodes miracles pour gagner beaucoup d'argent grâce au commerce sans rien faire, ce livre n'est pas fait pour vous. Tout d'abord, vous devez vous familiariser avec les différents aspects du trading, définir vos objectifs et choisir ce dans quoi vous voulez investir. Pour réussir dans le monde du trading, il faut travailler dur, s'investir et bien comprendre les différents aspects du trading. Avec ce livre, vous apprendrez ce qu'est le trading en ligne, comment il fonctionne et quelles stratégies vous pouvez utiliser pour commencer à gagner de l'argent. Je sais que vous vous demandez : « Mais ce livre est-il fait pour moi, même si je ne comprends rien au trading? La réponse est « Absolument ». En fait, ce livre tend à expliquer des processus et une terminologie apparemment complexes d'une manière extrêmement compréhensible et simple. Ce livre comprend: TRADING EN LIGNE : AÉRATEUR À PARTIR DE ZÉRO - Ce qu'est le marché boursier - Négocier différentes devises - Comprendre les tendances du marché - Comment gérer le risque - Marchés secondaires - Comment vendre à découvert - Comment lire un graphique TRADING SUR LE FOREX - Connaissances et formation en matière de trading sur le marché des changes - Évaluer le bon moment pour négocier - Comment automatiser le trading sur le marché des changes - Comment ouvrir un compte sur le marché des changes? - Stratégies efficaces - 34 conseils pour réussir sur le marché des changes Et bien d'autres choses encore! Les pratiques éprouvées de ce livre sont faciles à suivre. Si vous êtes prêt à faire des efforts, à vous concentrer et à persévérer, vous commencerez à voir les résultats et à en bénéficier.

Mit der Schaffung integrierter Märkte und der Einführung einer gemeinsamen Währung sind notwendige Voraussetzungen für die volle Entfaltung der effizienzsteigernden Wirkung der internationalen Arbeitsteilung hergestellt worden. Zugleich bleiben die Einzelstaaten für den Bereich der sozialen Sicherung zuständig. In fast allen Mitgliedsländern der Europäischen Union sind die bestehenden Systeme sozialer Sicherung unter einen tiefgreifenden Reformdruck geraten. Dazu stellt Martin Kolmar folgende Fragen: Inwieweit ist der durch die EU-Verträge gegebene rechtliche Rahmen angemessen, die grundsätzlichen Ziele der Effizienz und des langfristigen ausgewogenen Wachstums zu verwirklichen? In welchen Bereichen existieren strategische Anreize sowohl für Beitragsleistende und Beitragsempfänger als auch für die nationale Politik, die diesen Zielen entgegenlaufen? Welche Reformoptionen bieten sich an? Martin Kolmar identifiziert die wesentlichen Elemente der nationalen Sozialsysteme, die für eventuelle Ineffizienzen verantwortlich sind, und analysiert deren Anreizwirkungen anhand theoretischer Modelle. Dabei trennt er zwischen intra- und intergenerativer Umverteilung. Es zeigt sich, daß nur auf Faktormärkten der rechtliche Rahmen unzureichend ist, während auf Gütermärkten keine Ineffizienzen auftreten, die durch die nationale Zuständigkeit für Sozialpolitiken verursacht werden. Anschließend untersucht der Autor unterschiedliche Reformoptionen zur Beseitigung der Ineffizienzen und vergleicht die Reformmodelle'Zentralisierung','Ursprungslandprinzip'und'zwischenstaatliche Transfers'miteinander. Teile der Arbeit sind mit dem Knut-Wicksell-Preis der European Public Choice Society und mit dem EIB-Preis der European Investment Bank ausgezeichnet worden.

'The Wealth of Nations'is the famous work by Adam Smith. In addition to theoretical analysis of the functioning of so-called commercial societies, the advantages and problems associated with the division of labor, value, income distribution, and capital accumulation, the book brings historical considerations and abundant empirical material, being considered a turning point in the development of the history of economic thought. Published in the same year as the Declaration of Independence of the United States, the work laid the foundations of thought for economists, politicians, mathematicians, biologists, and thinkers in all fields.'The Wealth of Nations'represented a clear paradigm shift in the field of economics, comparable to Charles Darwin's work on the origin of species for biology. As one of the most cited books of all time,'The Wealth of Nations'is a work that undoubtedly deserves to be read.

Get the Summary of Vijay Boyapati & Michael J Saylor's The Bullish Case for Bitcoin in 20 minutes. Please note: This is a summary & not the original book.'The Bullish Case for Bitcoin'presents a comprehensive analysis of Bitcoin's rise to a trillion-dollar market valuation and its potential as a revolutionary investment. The book delves into the historical context of transferring value, highlighting Bitcoin's solution to the Byzantine Generals Problem and its ability to facilitate direct value transfer without intermediaries. It examines Bitcoin's characteristics as a scarce digital asset with a predictable issuance schedule, capped at 21 million units...

Get the Summary of James Rickards's Sold Out in 20 minutes. Please note: This is a summary & not the original book.'Sold Out'by James Rickards offers an in-depth analysis of the global supply chain crisis, examining its complexities, vulnerabilities, and the factors contributing to its current state of dysfunction. The book delves into the historical evolution of supply chain management, highlighting the shift from integrated systems within single organizations to the reliance on extensive networks of suppliers and logistics providers. Rickards explores the challenges of forecasting supply and demand, the strategies companies employ to mitigate uncertainties, and the severe shortages and inflationary pressures that have emerged as a result of disruptions...

Digital revolution demands new approaches to regulating work. The ‘Uberisation'of work is not, in reality, a new phenomenon. It reintroduces the practices of ‘on-demand'engagement of labour, common prior to the development of continuing employment. What is new, however, is the capacity of digital technology to engage labour in ways that avoid characterisation as employment according to the legal tests developed in the 20th century.This book tackles the challenge of ensuring that the emerging tribes of ‘gig'workers in labour markets across the globe are afforded decent standards of work. This book discusses how to provide decent conditions and safe working standards for on-demand workers engaged through digital platforms. It interrogates the rise of gig work, and the legal strategies that might be engaged to deal with the risk that on-demand work will fall and remain outside of employment protections. It draws on observations of practices across the globe but focusses particularly on regulatory solutions developed in Australia.The book will be a useful reference to policy making and legal reforms to address vulnerabilities of gig workers.

Internationale Aspekte bestimmen zunehmend das Wirtschaftsrecht, das außerdem weltweit durch Einflüsse aus den USA geprägt wird. An der Rechnungslegung multinationaler Konzerne läßt sich das eindrucksvoll ablesen. Hier wirken über globale Kapitalmärkte mächtige Kräfte. Die §§ 292a, 342 HGB öffnen unser Recht für'gleichwertige','international anerkannte Standards der Rechnungslegung'und ein privates Rechnungslegungsgremium. Es ist mit dem'Deutsche Rechnungslegungs Standards Committee'(DRSC) 1998 nach dem amerikanischen Vorbild des'Financial Accounting Standards Board'(FASB) gegründet worden. Der darüber anhaltende Streit ist weithin durch fehlende Kenntnis der bilanzrechtlichen Verhältnisse in den USA gekennzeichnet. Claus Luttermann führt als Grundlegung für die Diskussion zwei weiterhin aktuelle Arbeiten rechtsvergleichend zusammen: die kritisch aufbereitete Entwicklung des Bilanzrechts in den USA (ursprünglich als § 9 seiner Habilitationsschrift Unternehmen, Kapital und Genußrechte 1998 veröffentlicht) und die Bezüge der internationalen Konzernrechnungslegung als Rechtsgebiet (ursprünglich in der Festschrift für Bruno Kropff 1997 erschienen). Beide Arbeiten sind redaktionell bearbeitet und um eine Einführung ergänzt, die ebenfalls übergreifend jüngste Entwicklungen aufnimmt. Damit liegt eine eigenständige Übersicht vor.

PLUNKETT'S COMPANION TO THE ALMANAC OF AMERICAN EMPLOYERS: MID-SIZE FIRMS 2024 Key Findings: A complete report by Plunkett Research analyzing both America's top mid-size corporate employers (those with 100 to 2,500 employees) and the major trends sweeping through business and the economy that affect job seekers of all types. PLUNKETT'S COMPANION TO THE ALMANAC OF AMERICAN EMPLOYERS: MID-SIZE FIRMS is the premier guide to the most successful, fastest-growing mid-sized employers in the nation, their employment practices, benefits and financial performance.Key Features: Job market trends analysis, data, and competitive intelligenceEmployment forecasts and statisticsImportant Contacts for Job SeekersIn-Depth Profiles of 500 leading mid-size employersPages: 606Statistical Tables Provided: 9Companies Profiled: 500Geographic Focus: U.S.Price: $399.99Gather Key Insights, Such As: How is each industry evolving?How is employment being shaped by new technologies?How is demand growing?What are the financial results of the leading companies?What are the names and titles of top executives?What are the top companies and what are their revenues?Plunkett's Companion to the Almanac of American Employers: Mid-Size Firms and the related online Mid-Size Employers Research Center are designed to be time-saving business tools for job seekers, marketers, sales directors, consultants, and strategists seeking to understand vibrant, mid-size American corporate employers. It will also be of great use to placement, recruiting and human resources professionals, as well as professionals working in economic development, lending, and media. This feature rich almanac includes: Contents, Statistics and Analysis Include:Plunkett Research Provides Unique Analysis of the Following Major Trends Affecting Job SeekersThe U.S. Job Market OverviewCost Control Remains a Major Concern at Employers/Consolidation Through Mergers ContinuesThe Sharing & Gig Economy's Effect on Employment, Work Life and CareersTechnology Continues to Create Sweeping Changes in the WorkplaceContinued Growth in Outsourcing, Including Supply Chain and Logistics ServicesOffshoring and the Reshoring of American ManufacturingOlder Americans Will Delay Retirement and Work Longer/Many Employers Find Older Employees DesirableEmployment Sectors that Will Offer an Above-Average Number of Job OpportunitiesPlunkett Research Provides In-Depth Tables for the Following StatisticsU.S. Employment Statistics Overview: 2022-2023U.S. Civilian Labor Force: 1998-August 2023Employment by Major Industry Sector: 2012, 2022 & Projected 2032Number of People Employed and Unemployed, U.S.: Aug. 2022 vs. Aug. 2023U.S. Labor Force Ages 16 to 24 Years Old by School Enrollment, Educational Attainment, Sex, Race & Ethnicity: October 2022Retirement Benefits in the U.S.: Access, Participation and Take-Up Rates, March 2022Top 30 U.S. Fastest Growing Occupations by Percent Change in Job Growth: 2022-2032Occupations with the Largest Expected Employment Increases, U.S.: 2022-2032Occupations with the Fastest Expected Decline, U.S.: 2022-2032

This book aims to help readers understand the status of the division of labour in global value chains, its impact on traditional research topics and to familiarise readers with the application of input-output methods in Global Value Chain (GVC) research.The book features a combination of practices in China and offers international comparisons. Chapters 1 to 4 discuss the measurement of global value chains, specifically the measurement of the location of production, the status of the division of labour and the risk of the GVC, as well as the GVC and the Domestic Value Chain (DVC). Chapters 5 to 8 focus on the applications of GVCs in the study of traditional topics such as the structure of international trade, the factor content of foreign trade, the real effective exchange rate and environmental pollution.This book will be a great read to students and scholars of statistics, economics, international trade and those interested in China's economy in general.

PLUNKETT'S AEROSPACE, AIRCRAFT, SATELLITES & DRONES INDUSTRY ALMANAC 2025 Key Findings: A complete market research report, including forecasts and market estimates, technologies analysis and developments at innovative firms within the Aerospace, Aircraft, Satellites & Drones Industry. Gain vital insights that can help shape strategy for business development, product development and investments.Key Features: Business trends analysisIn-depth industry overviewTechnology trends analysisForecastsSpending, investment, and consumption discussionsIn-depth industry statistics and metricsIndustry employment numbersAdditional Key Features Include: Industry GlossaryIndustry Contacts list, including Professional Societies and Industry AssociationsProfiles of industry-leading companiesU.S. and Global FirmsPublicly held, Private and SubsidiariesExecutive ContactsRevenuesFor Public Companies: Detailed Financial SummariesStatistical TablesKey Questions Answered Include: How is the industry evolving?How is the industry being shaped by new technologies?How is demand growing in emerging markets and mature economies?What is the size of the market now and in the future?What are the financial results of the leading companies?What are the names and titles of top executives?What are the top companies and what are their revenues?This feature-rich report covers competitive intelligence, market research and business analysis—everything you need to know about the Aerospace, Aircraft, Satellites & Drones Industry.Plunkett Research Provides Unique Analysis of the Following Major Trends Affecting the Aerospace, Aircraft, Satellites & Drones IndustryIntroduction to the Aerospace, Aircraft, Satellites & Drones IndustryBoeing and Airbus Compete for New OrdersNew Aircraft Designs Offer Greater Passenger Comfort/More Efficient EnginesSupersonic Jets Fly AgainHydrogen and Electric-Powered Airplanes Are Under Research and DevelopmentFlying Taxis and Commuter Aircraft Get Off the GroundSmaller Satellites (SmallSats and CubeSats) and Low Earth Orbit Revolutionize TelecommunicationsPrivate, Reusable Rockets Launch Commercial Satellites and Serve both the U.S. Military & NASASpace Travel Firms Carry Tourists/New Vehicles for U.S. AstronautsCommercial Uses of Drones Advance/Autonomous Mid-Size Aircraft DevelopedDrone Regulation and Licensing EvolveDrones Provide New Tools for Precision AgricultureDrones Save Time and Money in a Variety of Industries Including Insurance, Real Estate and ConstructionPackage and Food Delivery by DroneThe Future of Space Commercialization and Private Rocket Launch ServicesPlunkett Research Provides In-Depth Tables for the Following Aerospace, Aircraft, Satellites & Drones Industry StatisticsAerospace, Aircraft, Satellites & Drones Industry Statistics and Market Size OverviewQuarterly Aerospace Manufacturing Industry Net Sales, U.S.: 2001-2nd Quarter 2024Gross Output in the Aircraft Manufacturing and Air Transportation Industries, U.S.: Selected Years, 2017-2023Satellite Telecommunications: Estimated Sources of Revenue & Expenses, U.S.: 2019-2022Federal R&D & R&D Plant Funding for Space Flight, Research & Supporting Activities, U.S.: Fiscal Years 2023-2025Fed

The Geography of the Port of London (1957) deals with the mid-century functions of the port studied in relation to their physical setting and in the light of their historical development. An analysis of the roles of the various dock and wharf systems is followed by a discussion of the present commerce of the port, illustrated by post-war statistics. The multiple background to this activity is also presented, including a discussion of the 1950s physical condition of the River Thames and of the markets and industries associated with the port. It presents a comprehensive picture of this at-the-time greatest British seaport, considered with reference to certain principles of economic geography.

Angesichts der zunehmenden Globalisierung stellt sich heute mehr denn je die Frage, ob der Staat die inländischen Unternehmen vor ausländischer Konkurrenz schützen darf oder ob er sich jeder Protektion zu enthalten hat. Die neoklassische Außenhandelslehre ist bis heute faktisch der einzige wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Ansatz für die Rechtfertigung einer Freihandelsordnung. Allerdings ist sie - nicht erst seit dem Aufkommen des Dogmas der strategischen Handelspolitik - an ihrem eigenen Anspruch gescheitert. Es besteht somit eine grundlegende Herausforderung an die Wirtschaftswissenschaft, eine neue Außenwirtschaftstheorie zu entwickeln, mit der angemessen auf die gestellte Frage eingegangen werden kann. Der von Walter Eucken und Franz Böhm begründete und von Friedrich August von Hayek maßgeblich weiterentwickelte Ordoliberalismus ist Grundlage für die Ausgestaltung von Wirtschaftsordnungen und Maßstab für Wirtschaftspolitik. Freilich ist er bislang ein rein national ökonomischer Ansatz, der auf außenwirtschaftliche Phänomene nicht eingeht. Hier liegt gleichfalls ein erhebliches Defizit, welches angesichts der ausgeprägten Globalisierungstendenzen der jüngeren Zeit immer schwerer ins Gewicht fällt. Insoweit besteht eine weitere grundlegende Herausforderung an die Wirtschaftswissenschaft darin, den Ordoliberalismus zu einer Wirtschaftstheorie für offene Volkswirtschaften weiterzuentwickeln. Lüder Gerken liefert einen ersten Beitrag zur simultanen Behebung der beiden Defizite. Er entwickelt die Grundzüge einer ordoliberalen Außenwirtschaftstheorie und stellt damit die Frage, wann Freihandel, wann Protektion die angemessene Option in der Außenwirtschaftspolitik sei, auf eine neue konzeptionelle Grundlage.

Democratizing Luxury explores the interplay between advertising and consumption in modern Japan by investigating how Japanese companies at key historical moments assigned value, or'luxury,'to mass-produced products as an important business model. Japanese name-brand luxury evolved alongside a consumer society emerging in the late nineteenth century, with iconic companies whose names became associated with quality and style. At the same time, Western ideas of modernity merged with earlier artisanal ideals to create Japanese connotations of luxury for readily accessible products. Businesses manufactured items at all price points to increase consumer attainability, while starkly curtailing production for limited editions to augment desirability.Between the late nineteenth and twenty-first centuries, control over family disposable income transformed Japanese middle-class women into an important market. Growth of purchasing power among women corresponded with Japanese goods diffusing throughout the empire, and globally after the Asia-Pacific war (1931–1945). This book offers case studies that examine affordable luxury consumer items often advertised to women, including drinks, beauty products, fashion, and timepieces. Japanese companies have capitalized on affordable luxury since a flourishing domestic mercantile economy began in the Tokugawa period (1603–1868), showcasing brand-name shops, renowned artisans, and mass-produced woodblock prints by famous artists. In the late nineteenth century, personalized service expanded within department stores like Mitsukoshi, Shiseidō cosmetic counters, and designer boutiques. Shiseidō now globally markets invented traditions of omotenashi, Japanese ”values” of hospitality expressed in purchasing and consuming its products.In postwar times, when a thriving democracy and middle-class were tied to greater disposable income and consumerism, companies rebuilt a growing consumer base among cautious shoppers: democratizing luxury at reasonable prices and maintaining business patterns of accessibility, high quality, and exemplary service. Nationalism amid economic success soon blended with myths of unique Japanese identity in a mass consumer society, suffused by commodity fetishism with widely available brand names. As the first comprehensive history of iconic Japanese name brands and their unique connotations of luxury and accessibility in modern Japan and elsewhere, Democratizing Luxury explores company histories and reveals strategies that lead customers to consume these alluring commodities.

O propósito do estudo é investigar a possibilidade de assimetria nas respostas do fluxo de comércio externo brasileiro, com relação aos seus dois maiores parceiros de comércio (China e Estados Unidos da América), decorrente da volatilidade da taxa de câmbio real bilateral. Em outras palavras, este trabalho procurou apurar como o fluxo de exportação e importação entre Brasil e seus dois principais parceiros comerciais respondem às flutuações da volatilidade da taxa de câmbio com possibilidade de assimetria. Para tanto, utilizou-se a abordagem de cointegração não linear baseada no modelo NARDL - nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag de Shin et al. (2014). A variável volatilidade da taxa de câmbio foi construída com base na variância condicional GARCH (1,1) Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity de Bollerslev (1986). Os dados das séries exportações e importações englobam os anos de 2000 a 2017 e correspondem aos 99 setores desagregados a dois dígitos do Sistema Harmonizado. Portanto, parece restritivo não considerar os efeitos assimétricos na volatilidade da taxa de câmbio real bilateral na presença de modelos que abordem estudos sobre o fluxo de comércio internacional.

Didactique du lexique, terminologie et linguistique de corpus sont les axes autour desquels s'articule cette étude. Nous nous penchons, en particulier, sur l'enseignement explicite et structuré du lexique spécialisé pour le français L2, en relation avec le développement non seulement de la compétence strictement terminologique, mais aussi avec la compétence « méta », relevant de la maîtrise du fonctionnement des termes. Après l'identifi cation d'un noyau de notions métaterminologiques, notre objectif principal est de proposer des pistes méthodologiques pour leur enseignement basé sur l'exploitation des corpus spécialisés, dans la conviction qu'une synergie effi cace peut s'instaurer entre la compétence métaterminologique et l'exploitation d'une ressource numérique pour des fi ns didactiques. Des applications possibles sont proposées relativement au domaine du commerce.

This book is designed to equip students to navigate through MS Excel and basic data computation methods, which are essential tools in research or professional settings and in classrooms. It illustrates the concepts used in research and data analysis and economic and financial decision-making in business and in daily life. The book will help students acquire knowledge and develop skills in statistical techniques and financial analysis using MS Excel. With illustrations and examples, it will help the readers to: Visualize, present, and analyze data through MS Excel spreadsheets and tables and create personal or business spreadsheets Learn how to work with spreadsheets, use formulae, and perform calculations and analysis Create tables including Pivot Tables Become familiar with basic statistical and financial measures Design creative spread sheets and communicate effectively in business using spreadsheets and data analysis This revised and updated second edition will be an essential resource for students of economics, commerce, management, and other social science subjects, and will be useful to those studying econometrics, financial technology, basic computational techniques, data analysis, and applied economics.ContentThe book intends to illustrate the concepts used in economic and financial decision-making in business and in daily life; it helps demonstrate a deeper understanding from both theoretical and practical perspectives. An effort has been made to make the book student-friendly by using simple language and giving a number of illustrations in each chapter, solved in such a simple manner that they can be easily understood by the students. Practical questions have been included at the end of each chapter so that the students can independently solve them and test their understanding of the concepts and computations introduced in the chapter.OutcomeAt the end, students will be able to describe what a spreadsheet is and what Excel's capabilities are and can work with elements that make up the structure of a worksheet. They will be able to work with spreadsheets and enter data in Excel, use formulae and calculations, and create tables, charts and pivot tables. They will be familiar with basic statistical and financial measures of general use. They will be able to do basic computations in statistics and finance in Excel. Students will acquire the capacity to create personal and/or business spreadsheets following current professional and/or industry standards. Their potential for critical thinking to design and create spreadsheets and communicate in a business setting using spreadsheet vocabulary will be enhanced.The educational background required for the student to understand the text is some basic English and Mathematics of school-leaving level. Some fl air for numbers will be an asset and for them it will be a breeze; others will have to make an effort but ample illustrations and practice questions make life simple, whether it is basic statistics or slightly intricate finance!

Currently, it is obvious that new types of production (Industry 4.0) are accompanying new ways of distribution, which advance logistics, physical distribution science, and even supply chain management. The changing environment for carrying out logistics activities is also important for the development of the supply chain. Care for ecology, the recent pandemic, and the situation in Ukraine are other reasons to adapt logistics to the needs of an individual customer/recipient. It would be impossible without developing an appropriate strategy and applying appropriate tools for managing supply chains in the national and international dimensions. This book specifically addresses these issues.When analyzing the needs and structure of modern supply chains, in the context of their safety and risk reduction, it is impossible to ignore the problem of digitization, which allows for logistic analysis of the company, determining optimal routes, designing logistic systems, optimizing storage processes and costs, and predicting possible threats (crisis situations) and their effects (losses). IT support, automatic data exchange, e-logistics, telematics, traceability, and chatbots between various departments of the company along the upper and lower parts of the supply chain improve the flow of material and accompanying information through automation, robotization, proactivity, and document digitization. These new trends make it possible to define logistics as modern logistics using new achievements of science and technology.Modern logistics must also consider ecological aspects in line with assumptions about protecting the environment and improving our climate. Efficiently organized reverse logistics is not without significance for ecology. It is supported by renewable energy, electric vehicles, proper education in the field of a closed economy, cleaner production, waste minimization, the use of passive infrastructure, and proper waste management that allows us to positively influence environmental protection and human health. To meet the needs of creating modern supply chains, the authors developed this powerful book in which they analyze and present current and future solutions that influence the development of these issues in modern reverse logistics.

La historia dice que Internet y la inteligencia artificial se crearon hace cincuenta años, y el comercio electrónico, hace algo menos. Sin embargo, el e-commerce comenzó a tener una forma parecida a la que conocemos hoy en los años noventa, cuando Internet se popularizó. Desde entonces, podemos decir que el e-commerce y la inteligencia artificial son la pareja perfecta y que Cupido fue Internet. Este es un libro de Derecho que trata los aspectos normativos, comerciales y tecnológicos del negocio. Está basado en la normativa argentina, pero tiene una mirada regional. Esta obra nace ante la limitada oferta de textos sobre el Derecho del comercio electrónico. Dedicamos este trabajo a todos aquellos que navegan en esta materia, de parte de quienes trabajamos en e-commerce todos los días.

Container shipping is a vital part of the global economy. Goods from all around the world, from vegetables to automobiles, are placed in large metal containers which are transported across the ocean in ships, then loaded onto tractor-trailers and railroad flatbeds. But when and where did this world-changing invention get started? This fascinating study traces the birth of containerization to Port Newark, New Jersey, in 1956 when trucker Malcom McLean thought of a brilliant new way to transport cargo. It tells the story of how Port Newark grew rapidly as McLean's idea was backed by both New York banks and the US military, who used containerization to ship supplies to troops in Vietnam. Angus Gillespie takes us behind the scenes of today's active container shipping operations in Port Newark, talking to the pilots who guide the ships into port, the Coast Guard personnel who help manage the massive shipping traffic, the crews who unload the containers, and even the chaplains who counsel and support the mariners. Port Newark shines a spotlight on the unsung men and women who help this complex global shipping operation run smoothly. Since McLean's innovation, Port Newark has expanded with the addition of the nearby Elizabeth Marine Terminal. This New Jersey complex now makes up the busiest seaport on the East Coast of the United States. Some have even called it “America's Front Door.” The book tells the story of the rapid growth of worldwide containerization, and how Port Newark has adapted to bigger ships with deeper channels and a raised bridge. In the end, there is speculation of the future of this port with ever-increasing automation, artificial intelligence, and automation.