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The regular Mounted Infantry was one of the most important innovations of the late Victorian and Edwardian British Army. Rather than fight on horseback in the traditional manner of cavalry, they used horses primarily to move swiftly about the battlefield, where they would then dismount and fight on foot, thus anticipating the development of mechanised infantry tactics during the twentieth century. Yet despite this apparent foresight, the mounted infantry concept was abandoned by the British Army in 1913, just at the point when it may have made the transition from a colonial to a continental force as part of the British Expeditionary Force. Exploring the historical background to the Mounted Infantry, this book untangles the debates that raged in the army, Parliament and the press between its advocates and the supporters of the established cavalry. With its origins in the extemporised mounted detachments raised during times of crisis from infantry battalions on overseas imperial garrison duties, Dr Winrow reveals how the Mounted Infantry model, unique among European armies, evolved into a formalised and apparently highly successful organisation of non-cavalry mounted troops. He then analyses why the Mounted Infantry concept fell out of favour just eleven years after its apogee during the South African Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902. As such the book will be of interest not only to historians of the nineteenth-century British army, but also those tracing the development of modern military doctrine and tactics, to which the Mounted Infantry provided successful - if short lived - inspiration.

Montreal, Monday (6.00 a.m.) April 15, 1912TITANIC STRUCK AN ICEBERG. SENDS MARCONIGRAM ASKING FOR ASSISTANCE. VIRGINIAN GOING TO HER RESCUE.From New York, Monday. April 15, 1912'VESSEL SINKING'STEAMERS ARE TOWING THE TITANIC. AND ENDEAVOURING TO GET HER INTO THE SHOAL WATER NEAR CAPE RACE. FOR THE PURPOSE OF BEACHING HER.From New York, Monday night. April 15, 1912THE WHITE STAR OFFICIALS NOW ADMIT THAT MANY LIVES HAVE BEEN LOST.News of the Titanic's catastrophic sinking, days after her maiden voyage, shocked the world. The public was frantic for information and answers, and the London Daily Telegraph, the largest circulating newspaper in the world at the time, was charged with the task of relaying what exactly had happened to the luxury liner. But with false reports abounding and no access to survivors, that task was easier said than done.Read how a paper, and the world, struggled to find and report the truth of the most disastrous maritime accident in history.

Cumann na mBan, a women's support group to the Irish Volunteers, was founded in 1914. Nationalist in outlook, its aims centred on arming Irish men, generating propaganda and presenting a united Irish opposition to English rule. After participation in the 1916 Rising, members played crucial roles in intelligence work, transporting arms, nursing wounded men, providing safe houses and supporting IRA men in prison. They also boosted attendances at republican election rallies, funerals and protest marches. In 1922 the leadership overwhelmingly rejected the Treaty, causing a split and the formation of Cumann na Saoirse (Free State Cumann na mBan). The Free State government's awareness of Cumann na mBan's assistance to the IRA resulted in large-scale imprisonment of republican women during the Civil War. But, for a time at least, Cumann na mBan had placed equality for women on the political agenda and demonstrated that women could be as politically active and capable as men.

Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd (1958–1966) is widely regarded as the mastermind of apartheid in South Africa. This study examines how he developed the ideology of racial separation into a comprehensive system. It also looks into Verwoerd's intellectual development and his academic career before he entered politics. Apartheid was to Verwoerd less a defense of colonialism but a policy for the future, he was an authoritarian modernizer and a true representative of the Age of Extremes.

The study of genocide has been appropriate in emphasizing the centrality of the Holocaust; yet, other preceding episodes of mass violence are of great significance. Taking a transnational and transhistorical approach, this volume redresses and replaces the silencing of the Armenian Genocide.Scholarship relating to the history of denial, comparative approaches in the deportations and killings of Greeks and Armenians during the First World War, and women's histories during the genocide and post-genocide proliferated during the centennial of the Armenian Genocide in 2015. Collectively, however, these studies have not been enough to offer a comprehensive account of the historical record, documentation, and interpretation of events during 1915-1916. This study seeks to bridge the gap, by unsettling nationalist narratives and addressing areas such as aesthetics, gender, and sexuality. By bringing forward various dimensions of the human experience, including the political, socioeconomic, cultural, social, gendered, and legal contexts within which such silencing occurred, the essays address the methodological silences and processes of selectivity and exclusion in scholarship on the Armenian Genocide.The interdisciplinary approach makes Critical Approaches to Genocide a useful resource for all students and scholars interested in the Armenian Genocide and memory studies.

This book examines civic activism to conserve dark heritage built by the colonial and wartime labor regime in contemporary Japan.Introducing and analyzing local organizations and their activities in multiple locations throughout Japan, this book looks at the ways in which the Japanese have remembered, negotiated, and re-experienced their wartime past. Drawing insights from disciplines including critical heritage studies, social movements, the history of colonialism, imperialism, and decolonization, the book brings into focus the Japanese civic activism which confronts the legacies of the wartime labor regime operated throughout the colonial empire. By tracing the formation of grassroots movements to conserve war-related sites throughout Japan, it argues that reclaiming places for plural war memories bequeathed by colonial empire has been pivotal in creating public spaces for civic activism attentive to identities and differences in contemporary Japan.Delving into the multilayered connections between the memories of imperial wars, colonial empire, and place-based politics in postwar Japan, this book will be a valuable resource to students and scholars of colonialism, heritage studies and Japanese history.

Eine von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft getragene Forschergruppe an der Universität Regensburg untersucht seit einigen Jahren im Rahmen einer Neuen Militärgeschichte'Formen und Funktionen des Krieges im Mittelalter'. Im März 2004 wurde auf einer international und interdisziplinär ausgerichteten Fachtagung, organisiert von Mitgliedern der Regensburger Forschergruppe zusammen mit dem Hamburger Institut für Sozialforschung, versucht, traditionelle Epochengrenzen, wie sie zwischen Mittelalter und Neuzeit nach wie vor bestehen, zu überwinden. Einen vielversprechenden Ansatz hierfür bot die gerade in jüngster Zeit sehr kontrovers geführte Debatte über die'Kulturen des Krieges'(John Keegan) und die mit ihr untrennbar verbundene Frage nach der typologischen Verortung der jeweiligen Konflikte. Anhand der Kategorie des'transkulturellen Krieges'wurde der Frage nachgegangen, welche Gemeinsamkeiten es zwischen mittelalterlichen und neuzeitlichen Kriegen gibt, wie neu die derzeit viel beschriebenen'Neuen Kriege'wirklich sind. Darüber hinaus wurde epochenübergreifend untersucht, was Krieg zwischen Kulturen ausmacht und wie er sich typologisch fassen lässt. War is a predominant theme in medieval as well as in modern historical research. Whereas both disciplines tend to dwell on this topic separately, this volume aims at crossing the artificial line of division between medieval and modern wars. War is regarded as a historical phenomenon the continuitiesof which prevail over any time-specific alternations. A special kind of war is the one waged between or on the line of different cultures. Such transcultural wars are currently a widespread phenomenon - but have been on the agenda throughout history. Different examples and aspects of transcultural wars are discussed in this volume. All papers were presented and discussed at a international conference held in Regensburg in March 2004 which brought war-specialists of the Middle Ages and the Modern Period together. With regard to the category of'transcultural'wars the question has been raised what medieval and modern wars have in common and whether the so called'New Wars'are that new at all. On top of that it has been examined what characteristics can be ascribed to transcultural wars, what makes these wars special and how they can best be classified.

By paying attention to Algerian Independence, this book reconstructs the action of the Catholic Church regarding the issues of the spread of Islam in colonies, to Arab nationalism, Marxist propaganda in non-European countries, and the effects of the Algerian crisis upon the French political system. The complex relations between the Holy See and France, as well as those between the Vatican and the Episcopates and clergy of the overseas territories, are vital aspects of decolonisation, a topic which, to date, has been overlooked by historiography because of the impossibility of accessing documents relating to the pontificate of Pius XII (1939-1958) held in the Vatican archives. The opening in March 2020 of the archives of Pius XII, the Pope who had succeeded in imposing the strategic role of the Holy See upon the international scene, has made a vast amount of unpublished documentary material available to scholars. This book is useful for all students and scholars interested in the Cold War, the history of contemporary Europe, the history of the Church, postcolonial studies, and religious phenomenon in post-World War II Europe.

Die Stadt Frankfurt nimmt in der deutsch-jüdischen Geschichte einen einzigartigen Platz ein. Ihre Geschichte wurde – wie die wohl keiner anderen Stadt in Deutschland – geprägt durch ihre jüdischen Bürgerinnen und Bürger. Diese hatten einen wesentlichen Anteil daran, dass Frankfurt zu einer der bedeutendsten Metropolen Deutschlands aufstieg. Frankfurt war aber auch die erste Stadt in Deutschland, die Juden zwang, in einem Ghetto zu leben, und eine der letzten, die diesen Zwang aufhob. Von den etwa 30.000 Juden, die 1933 in Frankfurt lebten, haben nur etwas mehr als 100 den Nationalsozialismus in der Stadt überlebt. Tausende wurden in den Konzentrations- und Vernichtungslagern ermordet, viele weitere mussten fliehen. Der Band widmet sich der Geschichte der Juden in Frankfurt von der Emanzipationszeit bis 1933 und untersucht Frankfurt als herausragendes Beispiel und als zentraler Ort für die deutsche und europäische jüdische Geschichte, für deren kulturelle, soziale und religiöse Entwicklung und für die Beziehungen zwischen Juden und Nichtjuden. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Frage, wie sich Frankfurt zu einer so bedeutenden jüdischen Stadt entwickelt hat, aber auch wie es zu einem Ort der Ausgrenzung und Verfolgung wurde.

Intelligentsia has been a widely used term in the studies of history and society to describe intellectual, academic, educational and publishing circles. Zhang Qing analyses the formation of Chinese intelligentsia in the context of modern China, more specifically the late Qing dynasty and Republic of China, and addresses topics such as the expansion of newspaper distributions, the relationship between newspapers and academia, the impact of newspapers on society, the change of readers'expressions and scholars'social mobility. The emergence of the intelligentsia and other circles in the early twentieth century is an epitome of the drastic changes in Chinese society at the time, indicative both of a new state-society relation and of Chinese scholars'efforts to find new roles and identities for themselves after bidding farewell to imperial examinations. The author shows how both the emergence of new-type publications and new roles in academia had a profound influence on modern China. The formation of the intelligentsia at the turn of the twentieth century was not only a key to grasping modern Chinese history, but also a mirror for examining the future society.

A History of Western Science: The Basics offers a short introduction to the history of Western science that is accessible to all through avoiding technical language and mathematical intricacies. A coherent narrative of how science developed in interaction with society over time is also provided in this comprehensive guide.The first part discusses the period up to 1700, with a focus on the conceptual shift and new ideas about nature that occurred in early modern Europe. Part two focusses on the practical and institutional aspects of the scientific enterprise and discusses how science established itself in Western society post 1700s, while part three discusses how during the same period modern science has impacted our general view of the world, and reviews some of the major discoveries and debates.Key topics discussed in the book include: Natural philosophy, medicine, and mathematics in the ancient and medieval worlds The key figures in the history of science—Galileo, Descartes, Isaac Newton, Darwin and Einstein—as well as lesser-known men and women who have developed the field The development of scientific instruments, the transformation of alchemy into chemistry, weights and measures, the emergence of the modern hospital and its effects on medicine, and the systematic collection of data on meteorology, volcanism, and terrestrial magnetism The big questions – the origins of humans, the nature of reality and the impact of science. As a jargon-free and comprehensive study of the history of Western science, this book is an essential introductory guide for academics and researchers of the history of science, as well as general readers interested in learning more about the field.

Drawing on official, archival, and published sources, this book explores how the formative history of the European nation-state was embedded within economic globalization and associated with conceptions of the world overseas.With a particular focus on France, Germany, Italy, and Britain, this research investigates how overseas relationships shaped state governance. The argument departs from conventional histories by linking together the analysis of economic relationships and political cultures, examining the ways in which state agency formed in different areas such as national economy building, the organization of overseas raw material and food supplies, labour, migration, and national identity. Spanning over a century, the book discusses the changing role of overseas colonies in European national development. Once a means to complete economic liberalization, colonies were then envisaged as tools of crisis management before, in the mid-twentieth century, complementarities in imperial-colonial economies shifted away from empire.This volume covers neglected aspects of the transnational history of European nation-states and is an ideal resource for students and researchers interested in the ties between Europe, Africa, and Asia, as well as connections between political, economic, and social relations and their conceptualizations.

This volume of wide-ranging essays by sport historians and sociologists examines the complex relations of war, peace and sport through a series of case studies from South and North America, Europe, North Africa, Asia and New Zealand.From formal military training in the late nineteenth century to contemporary esports, the relationship between military and sporting cultures has endured across nations in times of conflict and peace. This collection contextualizes debates around the morality and desirability of continuing to play sport against the backdrop of war as others are dying for their nation. It also examines the legacy and memory of particular wars as expressed in a range of sporting practices in the immediate aftermath of conflicts such as the World Wars and wars of independence. At the same time, this book analyses the history of sport and peace by considering how sport can operate as a pacification in some contexts and a tool of reconciliation in others.Together, and through an introductory framing essay, these essays offer scholars of sport, conflict studies and cultural history more broadly a multinational analysis of the war-peace-sport nexus that has operated throughout the world since the late nineteenth century.Chapter 11 of this book is available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www.taylorfrancis.com. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. Funded by Tokyo University.

Die im vorliegenden Band versammelten Beiträge dokumentieren den Ertrag des Workshops „Historische Biographik und kritische Prosopographie als Instrumente in den Geschichtswissenschaften', der 2021 an der TU Bergakademie Freiberg durchgeführt wurde. Die Autorinnen und Autoren loten die komplexen Problemlagen der historischen Biographik und der prosopographischen Forschung im Zeitalter der Digital Humanities aus. Das Themenspektrum reicht dabei von der individual-biographischen Forschung und Oral History über Erfahrungsberichte prosopographischer (Groß-)Vorhaben bis hin zu den Herausforderungen bei der Entwicklung und Nutzung multifunktionaler Prosopographiedatenbanken und ihrer Verfügbarmachung im Internet.

This book reflects on the reasons for the decline of international cooperation in world politics and studies ways to restore legitimacy in the international order. It engages with the concept of legitimacy in international relations theories and practices to examine the discussions around power shifts, the decline of liberalism, demands for inclusive international architectures, and challenges to multilateralism, as well as established norms by leaders and nationalisms. It studies the impact of the post-COVID-19 world order on the nature of power in the international system and changes in normative concerns of security. The volume also interrogates political legitimacy through an area studies lens by examining the concept of legitimacy separately in the USA, Europe, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Latin America, and Africa.An important and timely text featuring contributions from eminent scholars, this book will be of use to students and researchers of modern history, political science, and international relations. It will also be of interest to think tanks and policy-making bodies concerned with international affairs and foreign policy.

In his book 21 Lessons for the 21st Century the historian Yuval Noah Harrari wrote that man had the possibility to conquer the world precisely because he could create fictional stories and believe in them. People created more and more complex stories about themselves that served and continue to serve, according to the professor of the University of Jerusalem, building unity, social harmony and gaining power. A narrative about past, in which memory fragmentation and victimisation play a large role, may be a temptation to instrumentalise the past. This is especially true in relation to the events of the twentieth century, when a series of bloody war conflicts occurred. As shown in the following post-conference volume, today the wars of the past (World War I and World War II, Indian-Pakistani war) and current conflicts (Russo-Ukrainian war, war in Sudan or Nagorno-Karabakh) are also a catalyst for the process of instrumentalisation. This process can be analysed both at the level of the evolution of the language of conflict, including the erosion of the values of democratic dialogue, and the use of specific means of commemorating the past (monuments, museums, the Internet).

Approaching subalternity from a broad Gramscian angle, this edited collection contributes to the understanding of popular politics in parliamentary, autocratic, and colonial contexts.The book explores individual stories and micro-histories of complaints, requests, rumors, and other mediated and unmediated interactions between political institutions and the subjects they claimed to govern or represent. It challenges the approaches of institutionally oriented political historiography and its attention to the top-down construction of political representation, citizenship, and power and powerlessness. The book discusses more subtle forms of agency and the spaces these pertained to, which could indicate contestation or resistance taking place within a framework of loyalty towards the existing political institutions. This research does not only bridge the divide between political and apolitical frames of reference, but it also provides a new perspective on the dichotomy between loyalty and resistance by acknowledging the nuances of these seemingly opposing stances. With case studies from Europe, North Africa, South America, and India, the chapters cover political communication in proto-democratic, democratic, imperial, and authoritarian contexts.This volume is crucial reading for undergraduates, postgraduates, and scholars in history and social sciences who are interested in political culture and the mechanisms of negotiating local, national, or imperial identities.Chapter 4 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY) 4.0 license.

Covering a large portion of the period from the early seventeenth century to the contemporary era, the Kalmyk National Archive has particularly rich holdings from the pre-revolutionary period, which makes it an outstanding source for historical studies on Russia's ‘internal colonialism'at the Empire's southern frontiers. Unfortunately, most of this documentation was lost after the revolution and the civil war. Another part of the archive disappeared during WW II or was deliberately destroyed during the subsequent deportation of the Kalmyk people in 1942. Prior to this, the archival funds still numbered about 70,000 complete files. We know this because information about the pre-revolutionary holdings is well-documented in the inventories contained in the archival primary record books and their inspection lists which were created mainly in the late 1930s and early 1940s and still contained the titles of all documents with a special mark next to those that had been lost over time. These old inventories were revised in the late 1990s and became the subject of an updated edition. Unfortunately, in this case, too, all the lost documents were deleted from the new archival inventories. These previous records, which, given the loss of the documents themselves, provided the only historical record of much of Kalmyk and Russian imperial history, have now disappeared. However, in the mid-1990s I could take copies of the primary inventories, which already then were in a deplorable state. During my archival research in recent years, I began to work with these old archival books in order to describe, inventory and analyse this particular ‘colonial archive'. The results of this work are presented in this publication. Thus, we have a description of the metadata, including the titles of those documents that were either subjected to the horrendous waste campaign of the Soviet era, or were destroyed to erase inconvenient historical truth. In addition to such echoes from the distant and now inaccessible past, this publication presents an up-to-date inventory of pre-revolutionary documents stored to this day in the Kalmyk National Archive.

Dubai International Airport (DXB), Emirates Airlines, and the Burj al-Arab. Changi International Airport (SIN), Singapore Airlines, and Marina Bay Sands. Chek Lap Kok (HGK), Cathay Pacific, and The Peninsula Hotel. Kingsford Smith (SYD), Qantas Airlines, and the Wentworth Hotel. What do these collective entities have in common? Not only do they link global air hubs with city-centric long-haul airlines and destination-worthy hotels, but they are the product of a distinct strategy to boost tourism development through the synergies created by aviation development. This volume explores the evolution of tourism development through synergies created by airline, airport, and hotel development in the Persian Gulf (namely Dubai); Southeast Asia (primarily Singapore); and East Asia (mainly Hong Kong) during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. These'hubs'included, but went beyond traditional models of hotel development as models for economically viable tourism programs, particularly after World War II. The book also examines how such systems integrated travelers, airlines, and airports in Australasia and Europe, while at the same time competing with imperial systems of airport and airline development. This book illuminates the strategies behind and competition between cities during the current century for air traffic, tourists, and airlines transiting between Europe, Southeast Asia, and Australasia.

This book discusses the untold story of North East India's role during the Second World War and its resultant socio-economic and political impact. It goes beyond standard campaign histories and the epicentre of the Kohima-Imphal battlefields to the Brahmaputra and Surma Valley of Assam—the administrative and political hub of the region, where decisions on the allied war efforts were deliberated and effected right from the outset of the War. What happened in the entire region during the intervening years from 1939? What did the war mean for the people of Assam? How were resources from the region mobilized for the global war effort and how did people adapt, co-opt and survive during these tumultuous years? What was the response of the nationalist and provincial political leaders to the challenges and demands of war? How did the crisis of the 1942 war impact the region? First of its kind, this book investigates hitherto unanswered questions to offer an understanding of contemporary Assam and the North East, including discussions on the complexity of issues such as terrain, migration, taxation, profiteering, inflation, famine and food grain trade.With its lucid style and rich archival material, this volume will be essential for scholars and researchers of history, the Second World War, South Asian history, politics and international relations, colonial studies, sociology and social anthropology, and North East India studies as well as to the interested general reader.

The main subjects of analysis in the present book are the stages of initiation in the grand scheme of Theosophical evolution. These initiatory steps are connected to an idea of evolutionary self-development by means of a set of virtues that are relative to the individual's position on the path of evolution. The central thesis is that these stages were translated from the “Hindu” tradition to the “Theosophical” tradition through multifaceted “hybridization processes” in which several Indian members of the Theosophical Society partook. Starting with Annie Besant's early Theosophy, the stages of initiation are traced through Blavatsky's work to Manilal Dvivedi and T. Subba Row, both Indian members of the Theosophical Society, and then on to the Sanâtana Dharma Text Books. In 1898, the English Theosophist Annie Besant and the Indian Theosophist Bhagavan Das together founded the Central Hindu College, Benares, which became the nucleus around which the Benares Hindu University was instituted in 1915. In this context the Sanâtana Dharma Text Books were published. Mühlematter shows that the stages of initiation were the blueprint for Annie Besant's pedagogy, which she implemented in the Central Hindu College in Benares. In doing so, he succeeds in making intelligible how “esoteric” knowledge was transferred to public institutions and how a broader public could be reached as a result. The dissertation has been awarded the ESSWE PhD Thesis prize 2022 by the European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism.

Für die baltischen Länder ist Bildung ein Schlüsselthema, das ihre Geschichte und ihr Selbstverständnis sowohl im Hinblick auf die Fremdbestimmung als auch auf die eigene Staatenbildung betrifft. Im Zuge von Handelskontakten, Christianisierung, Ordenskriegen und Rechtsimport gerieten die autochthonen Völkerschaften des baltischen Raums unter kulturelle, sprachliche und politische Einflüsse unterschiedlichen Gewichts. Sie waren dadurch zum Teil gewaltvollen Formierungsprozessen ausgesetzt. Im vorliegenden Band wird das Baltikum in Geschichte und Gegenwart aus der Perspektive eines weit gefassten Bildungsbegriffs untersucht. Die Beiträge stammen aus der Feder von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern aus Estland, Lettland, Litauen und Deutschland, insbesondere der Germanistik, aber auch der Geschichte, Bildungsgeschichte, Rechtsgeschichte, Slavistik und Komparatistik. Der Band zeigt wesentliche Aspekte der baltischen Bildungsgeschichte und ihrer Narrationen an beispielhaften Analysen und Fallstudien für alle drei baltischen Länder auf.

The history of travel has long been constructed and described almost exclusively as a history of'European', male mobility, without, however, explicitly making the gender and　whiteness　of the travellers a topic. The anthology takes this as an occasion to focus on journeys to Europe　that gave'non-Europeans'the opportunity to glance at'Europe'and to draw a picture of it by themselves. So far,　little attention has been paid to the questions with which attributes these travellers endowed'Europe'and its people, which similarities and differences they observed and which idea(s) of'Europe'they produced. The focus is once again on'Europe', but not as the starting point for conquests or journeys.　From a postcolonial and gender historical view, the anthology's contributions rather juxtapose (self-)representations of'Europe'with perspectives that move in a field of tension between agreement, contradiction and oscillation.

This book is about the introduction of modern power-driven rice milling to the main rice exporting countries of Burma (Myanmar), Siam (Thailand) and French Indo-China (Vietnam) from 1869. Rich in historical and empirical sources, the book draws extensively from the London Rice Brokers'Association Circular archives, published monthly from 1869 to 2014, as well as numerical data gathered from historic trade and custom reports. It outlines how rice had been exported in the husk to be milled in Britain prior to 1869, after which mills were transferred to Asia and the rice shipped back having been milled. Rice processed in Asia is explained not only as a major saving in transport costs, but the marker of a crucial step in the industrialisation of Asia – namely through the introduction of modern mechanised value adding rice mills powered by steam engines. This is a reversal of the concept that the development of modern technology de-industrialised Asia, turning it into a supplier of raw materials. Later chapters address the inter-war years, when Chinese companies in particular took over the operation of mills and developed an Asia-wide market for rice milled in the great milling centers of Rangoon (Yangon), Bangkok and Saigon (Ho Chi Minh). Rice and Industrialisation in Asia will prove a valuable resource to students and scholars of economic history, postcolonial studies, and Asian studies more broadly.

Why did dance and dancing became important to the construction of a new, modern, Jewish/Israeli cultural identity in the newly formed nation of Israel? There were questions that covered almost all spheres of daily life, including “What do we dance?” because Hebrew or Eretz-Israeli dance had to be created out of none. How and why did dance develop in such a way? Dance Spreads Its Wings is the first and only book that looks at the whole picture of concert dance in Israel studying the growth of Israeli concert dance for 90 years—starting from 1920, when there was no concert dance to speak of during the Yishuv (pre-Israel Jewish settlements) period, until 2010, when concert dance in Israel had grown to become one of the country's most prominent, original, artistic fields and globally recognized. What drives the book is the impulse to create and the need to dance in the midst of constant political change. It is the story of artists trying to be true to their art while also responding to the political, social, religious, and ethnic complexities of a Jewish state in the Middle East.

Based on the scholarship of a global team of diverse authors, this wide-ranging handbook surveys the history and current status of pro-women thought and activism over millennia. The book traces the complex history of feminism across the globe, presenting its many identities, its heated debates, its racism, discussion of religious belief and values, commitment to social change, and the struggles of women around the world for gender justice. Authors approach past understandings and today's evolving sense of what feminism or womanism or gender justice are from multiple viewpoints. These perspectives are geographical to highlight commonalities and differences from region to region or nation to nation; they are also chronological suggesting change or continuity from the ancient world to our digital age. Across five parts, authors delve into topics such as colonialism, empire, the arts, labor activism, family, and displacement as the means to take the pulse of feminism from specific vantage points highlighting that there is no single feminist story but rather multiple portraits of a broad cast of activists and thinkers.Comprehensive and properly global, this is the ideal volume for students and scholars of women's and gender history, women's studies, social history, political movements and feminism.

Nationalism was declared to be dead too early. A postnational age was announced, and liberalism claimed to have been victorious by the end of the Cold War. At the same time postnational order was proclaimed in which transnational alliances like the European Union were supposed to become more important in international relations. But we witnessed the rise a strong nationalism during the early 21st century instead, and right wing parties are able to gain more and more votes in elections that are often characterized by nationalist agendas. This volume shows how nationalist dreams and fears alike determine politics in an age that was supposed to witness a rather peaceful coexistence by those who consider transnational ideas more valuable than national demands. It will deal with different case studies to show why and how nationalism made its way back to the common consciousness and which elements stimulated the re-establishment of the aggressive nation state. The volume will therefore look at the continuities of empire, actual and imagined, the role of'foreign-'and'otherness'for nationalist narratives, and try to explain how globalization stimulated the rise of 21st century nationalisms as well.

The Routledge History of Death Since 1800 looks at how death has been treated and dealt with in modern history – the history of the past 250 years – in a global context, through a mix of definite, often quantifiable changes and a complex, qualitative assessment of the subject.The book is divided into three parts, with the first considering major trends in death history and identifying widespread patterns of change and continuity in the material and cultural features of death since 1800. The second part turns to specifically regional experiences, and the third offers more specialized chapters on key topics in the modern history of death. Historical findings and debates feed directly into a current and prospective assessment of death, as many societies transition into patterns of ageing that will further alter the death experience and challenge modern reactions. Thus, a final chapter probes this topic, by way of introducing the links between historical experience and current trajectories, ensuring that the book gives the reader a framework for assessing the ongoing process, as well as an understanding of the past.Global in focus and linking death to a variety of major developments in modern global history, the volume is ideal for all those interested in the multifaceted history of how death is dealt with in different societies over time and who want access to the rich and growing historiography on the subject.Chapter 1 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Anniversaries are a central point of reference in our historical culture. But the anniversary also has a story of its own. This is particularly true for universities as training grounds for social elites and as sites that derive their prominent function also from their tradition. Academic foundation anniversaries thus become central occurrences for attributing social relevance to universities, colleges and their members. Various media compete in such anniversaries as individual and collective identities are staged and (re-)produced not only through commemorative publications and speeches, but also through student festivities, public celebrations, or even protests. The 15contributions of this anthology analyze long-past as well as recent European university anniversaries. In doing so, they provide a historical overview of anniversary (media) cultures, and at the same time offer an orientation for critically assessing present day jubilees.

Fully revised and restructured, the sixth edition of World War II: A Global History offers students a concise and yet thorough textbook that examines history's bloodiest conflict. The chapters alternate between chronological chapters on Europe and Asia-Pacific and thematic chapters on innovations, home fronts, brutal regimes, and logistics. This textbook includes the following features: A lively narrative of facts, events, people, and ideas that incorporates thoughtful analysis New material and restructured content on global factors that affected the causes, conduct, and consequences of World War II Balanced pace that does not bog readers down in too many details yet gives them sufficient depth and breadth for context Chapters, sections, and sidebars arranged in ways that can complement lectures and assignments Fifty new photographs that illustrate the human condition and weaponry during World War II. Global in focus, by blending both geographic and thematic chapters to ensure readers gain a comprehensive understanding of impact of the war worldwide, this is the perfect volume for all students of the biggest global conflict of the twentieth century.

This interdisciplinary volume explores various identities and their expressions in Georgia from the early 19th century to the present. It focuses on memory culture, the politics of history, and the relations between imperial and national traditions. It also addresses political, social, cultural, personal, religious, and gender identities. Individual contributions address the imperial scenarios of Russia's tsars visiting the Caucasus, Georgian political romanticism, specific aspects of the feminist movement and of pedagogical reform projects before 1917. Others discuss the personality cult of Stalin, the role of the museum built for the Soviet dictator in his hometown Gori, and Georgian nationalism in the uprising of 1956. Essays about the Abkhaz independence movement, the political role of national saints, post-Soviet identity crises, atheist sub-cultures, and current perceptions of citizenship take the volume into the contemporary period.

This is a comprehensive, detailed and humane account of the thousands who came into custody during the years of the Northern Ireland conflict and how they lived out the months, years and decades in Irish and English maximum security prisons.Erupting in 1969, the Northern Ireland troubles continued with terrible intensity until 1998. The most enduring civil conflict in Western Europe since the Second World War cost almost 4,000 lives, inflicted a vast toll of injuries and wrought much destruction. Based on extensive archival research and numerous interviews, this book covers the jurisdictions of Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland and England, providing an account of riots, escapes, strip and dirty protests and hunger strikes. It paints a picture of coming to terms with sentences, some of which lasted for two decades and more. Republicans and loyalists, male and female prisoners, officials and staff, families, supporters, clergy and politicians all played a part – and all were changed. The narrative includes some of the most remarkable events in prison history anywhere – mass breakouts, organised cell-fouling and prolonged nakedness, and hunger striking to the death; there are also accounts of the prisoners'very effective parallel command structure. The book shows how Anglo-Irish and intra-Irish relations were profoundly affected and how the prisoners'involvement and consent were critical to the Good Friday Agreement that ended the long war.The final part of a trilogy dealing with Irish political prisoners from 1848 to 2000 by renowned expert Seán McConville, this is an essential resource for students and scholars of Irish history and Irish political prisoners; it is also a major contribution to the study of imprisonment.

This book meticulously recreates the most important episodes in Czech-German relations in what is now the Czech Republic. Drawing on extensive archival research, Stephen M. Thomas depicts the formation of the Czechoslovak Republic from the ruined Austro-Hungarian empire and examines political and public life between world wars via the ethnic rivalry between Germans and Czechs. He questions the nature, legitimacy and political viability of the nation state, and especially its relationship to ethnic minorities, such as the Slovaks. Confrontational nationalism and the use of ethnicity as a political tool are no less common today than they were in the 20th century. This book's radical contribution to studies of nationalism and ethnicity is that it juxtaposes German and Czech perspectives of power and oppression as part of the same story. This framework allows us to appreciate new complexities regarding the creation of Czechoslovakia and ponder them in 21st century terms.

The Asante World provides fresh perspectives on the Asante, the largest Akan group in Southern Ghana, and what new scholars are thinking and writing about the'world the Asante made.'By employing a thematic approach, the volume interrogates several dimensions of Asante history including state formation, Asante-Ahafo and Bassari-Dagomba relations in the context of Asante northward expansion, and the expansion to the south. It examines the role of Islam which, although extremely intense for just a short time, had important ramifications. Together the essays excavate key aspects of Asante political economy and culture, exemplified in kola nut production, the kente/adinkra cloth types and their associated symbols, proverbs, and drum language. The Asante World explores the Asante origins of Jamaican maroons, Asante secular government, contemporary politics of progress, governance through the institution of Ahemaa or Queenmothers, epidemiology and disease, and education in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Featuring innovative and insightful contributions from leading historians of the Asante world, this volume is essential reading for advanced undergraduates, postgraduates, and scholars concerned with African Studies, African diaspora history, the history of Ghana and the Gold Coast, the history of Islam in Africa, and Asante history.

This volume investigates the cultural sites where the global Cold War played out. It brings to view unpredictable encounters that arose as writers, artists, filmmakers, and intellectuals from or aligned with the Third World navigated the ideological and material constraints set by superpowers and emerging regional powers. Often these encounters generated communitas and solidarity, while at times they fed old and new conflicts. Pushing forward recent scholarship that tracks the Cold War in the Global South and draws on postcolonial approaches, our contributors use archival, secondary, and ethnographic sources to trace the afterlives and memories of key figures and to explore meetings that performed cultural diplomacy. Our focus on sites of encounter or exchange underscores the situated, interpersonal, and embodied dimensions through which much of the cultural Cold War was experienced. While the global conflict divided citizens along ideological fault lines, it also linked people through circulating media—novels, film, posters, journals, and theatre—and multinational conferences that brought artists, intellectuals, and political activists together. Such contacts introduced new axes of solidarity and hierarchies of exclusion. Examining these connections and disjunctures, this new and necessary mapping of the cultural Cold War highlights under-addressed locations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

Disentangling a controversial history of turmoil and progress, this Handbook provides essential guidance through the complex past of a region that was previously known as the Balkans but is now better known as Southeastern Europe. It gathers 47 international scholars and researchers from the region. They stand back from the premodern claims and recent controversies stirred by the wars of Yugoslavia's dissolution.Parts I and II explore shifting early modern divisions among three empires to the national movements and independent states that intruded with Great Power intervention on Ottoman and Habsburg territory in the nineteenth century. Part III traces a full decade of war centered on the First World War, with forced migrations rivalling the great loss of life. Part IV addresses the interwar promise and the later authoritarian politics of five newly independent states: Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, and Yugoslavia. Separate attention is paid in Part V to the spread of European economic and social features that had begun in the nineteenth century. The Second World War again cost the region dearly in death and destruction and, as noted in Part VI, in interethnic violence. A final set of chapters in Part VII examines postwar and Cold War experiences that varied among the four Communist regimes as well as for non-Communist Greece. Lastly, a brief Epilogue takes the narrative past 1989 into the uncertainties that persist in Yugoslavia's successor states and its neighbors.Providing fresh analysis from recent scholarship, the brief and accessible chapters of the Handbook address the general reader as well as students and scholars. For further study, each chapter includes a short list of selected readings.

The Routledge Handbook of Reenactment Studies provides the first overview of significant concepts within reenactment studies. The volume includes a co-authored critical introduction and a comprehensive compilation of key term entries contributed by leading reenactment scholars from Europe, North America, and Australia. Well into the future, this wide-ranging reference work will inform and shape the thinking of researchers, teachers, and students of history and heritage and memory studies, as well as cultural studies, film, theater and performance studies, dance, art history, museum studies, literary criticism, musicology, and anthropology.

This volume explores the response of liberals to rightwing attacks during the Red Scare of the late 1940s and early 1950s, establishing it as a defensive approach aimed at warding off efforts to conflate liberalism with communism, but not at striking back at the opposing ideology of conservatism itself. This book finds the combination of the liberal adherence to pragmatism and political pluralism to have been responsible for the weakness of this response. Analyzing the language used in interchanges between rightwing anticommunists and liberals, Michaels shows that those interchanges did not constitute an effort to persuade but rather an effort to discredit the opponent as'un-American.'A variety of conflicts—a professor seeking to avoid dismissal by accusing his colleagues of disloyalty, an investigator of rightwing groups assailed for his activities, an openly communist student seeking to justify the existence of his student organization—embody a battle waged over conflicting versions of'America,'an attempt by each side to lay exclusive claim to that word. Conflicts over freedom, individualism, Americanism, and the institution of private property demonstrate how rightwing anticommunists and moderate liberals actually subscribed to two mutually incompatible patterns of sociation, making the conflict profound and resistant to reconciliation.

Rudolf Eucken (1846-1926) war Philosophieprofessor in Jena, der einen lebensphilosophisch angehauchten Neoidealismus vertrat und dessen Schriften im gebildeten Bürgertum breite Resonanz fanden. 1908 erhielt er den Nobelpreis für Literatur und galt seitdem als einer der renommiertesten deutschen Intellektuellen mit internationaler Ausstrahlungskraft. Eucken sammelte in den Jahren vor 1914 einen Kreis von Anhängern und Gleichgesinnten um sich, der sich als geistig-moralische -'kulturkritische'- Sammlungsbewegung verstand. Während des Ersten Weltkriegs trat Rudolf Eucken als unermüdlicher Propagandist der deutschen Sache im Inland wie im neutralen Ausland auf. Nach dem Krieg gab sich die von ihm ins Leben gerufene Bewegung mit der Gründung des'Euckenbunds'eine feste organisatorische Gestalt mit 20-25 Ortsgruppen und mehr als 1000 Mitgliedern (darunter auch Gustav Stresemann). Der Euckenbund und die vierteljährlich erscheinende Zeitschrift des Bundes ('Die Tatwelt') existierten auch nach dem Tod Rudolf Euckens 1926 weiter. Seit 1928 betrieben die Witwe des Philosophen, Irene Eucken, und ihre Tochter Ida zudem ein'Rudolf-Eucken-Haus'als internationale Begegnungsstätte der Universität Jena. Auch der Sohn Euckens, der heute viel bekanntere Nationalökonom Walter Eucken, war zeitweise in der'Eucken-Bewegung'stark engagiert. Euckenbund, Euckenhaus und'Die Tatwelt'bestanden auch nach 1933 weiter und betätigten sich, subventioniert vom Auswärtigen Amt, in der deutschen Kulturpropaganda, ohne sich aber vom Regime im Sinne der NS-Ideologie „gleichschalten'zu lassen. Im Jenaer Rudolf-Eucken-Haus fanden seit Mitte der 1930er Jahren philosophisch-wissenschaftliche Tagungen statt, an der eine ganze Reihe bekannter Geistes- und Naturwissenschaftler teilnahmen (u. a. Helmut Schelsky, Carl-Friedrich von Weizsäcker, Gotthard Günther, Pascual Jordan, Gerhard Ritter, Walter Eucken). Erst nach dem Tod Irene und Ida Euckens 1941/43 löste sich der Euckenbund auf. Die Studie verfolgt den Werdegang Rudolf Euckens, setzt sich mit seiner Philosophie und Weltanschauung auseinander und zeigt die programmatische und organisatorische Entwicklung der „Eucken-Bewegung'und deren Aktivitäten auf. Allgemein beschäftigt sich die Arbeit mit den geistigen und politischen Befindlichkeiten des kulturkritisch gesinnten liberal-konservativen Bildungsbürgertums zwischen dem wilhelminischen Kaiserreich, der Weimarer Republik und dem Nationalsozialismus.

This book focuses on the history of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), from its origins in the mid-19th century to nowadays. ITU was the first international organization ever and still plays a crucial role in managing global telecommunications today. Putting together some of the most relevant scholars in the field of transnational communications, the book covers the history of ITU from 1865 to digital times in a truly global perspective, taking into account several technologies like the telegraph, the telephone, cables, wireless, radio, television, satellites, mobile phone, the internet and others. The main goal is to identify the long-term strategies of regulation and the techno-diplomatic manoeuvres taken inside ITU, from convincing the majority of the nations to establish the official seat of the Telegraph Union bureau in Switzerland in the 1860s, to contrasting the multi-stakeholder model of Internet governance (supported by US and ICANN). History of the International Telecommunication Union is a trans-disciplinary text and can be interesting for scholars and students in the fields of telecommunications, media, international organizations, transnational communication, diplomacy, political economy of communication, STS, and others. It has the ambition to become a reference point in the history of ITU and, at the same time, just the fi rst comprehensive step towards a longer, inter-technological, political and cultural history of transnational communications to be written in the future.

This book presents new research on spaces for science and processes of interurban and transnational knowledge transfer and exchange in the imperial metropolis of Vienna in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Chapters discuss Habsburg science policy, metropolitan natural history museums, large technical projects including the Ringstrasse and water pipelines from the Alps, urban geology, geography, public reports on polar exploration, exchanges of ethnographic objects, popular scientific societies and scientifically oriented adult education. The infrastructures and knowledge spaces described here were preconditions for the explosion of creativity known as'Vienna 1900.'

This collective book is a multidisciplinary approach on a key-topic for our common future: overfishing. The focus is addressed to the'Atlantic World', considering the main oceanic geography in which this problem born in the early 20th century. The volume offers a wide range of contributions from experts on the topic covering the most relevant areas of the Atlantic and explaining important case studies on overfishing recent history. Written in a historical perspective, the book looks for institutional regulatory solutions based on multilateral solutions and scientific advising. Founders thought on the topic and the understanding's evolution of the overfishing problem are mainly considered. This book is an accessible synthesis on overfishing history especially recommended for social scientists, historians, biologists, decision-makers and committed citizens.

Throughout Eastern Europe, the unexpected and irrevocable fall of communism that began in the late 1980s presented enormous challenges in the spheres of politics and society, as well as at the level of individual experience. Excitement, uncertainty, and fear predicated the shaping of a new order, the outcome of which was anything but predetermined.Recent studies have focused on the ambivalent impact of capitalism. Yet, at the time, parliamentary democracy had equally few traditions to return to, and membership in the European Union was a distant dream at best. Nowadays, as new threats arise, Europe's current political crises prompt us to reconsider how liberal democracy in Eastern Europe came about in the first place.This book undertakes an analysis of the year 1990 in several countries throughout Europe to consider the role of uncertainty and change in shaping political nations.

The book presents a detailed biography of Alexander Dubček, the icon of the “Czecho-Slovak Spring” in 1968. It aims to explain his decisions and intellectual development in the context of the turbulent development of the 20th century Central Europe. Dubčk's importance went beyond Czechoslovak borders. His vision of the “socialism with the human face” secured him worldwide fame. At the end of the 1960s, he became a global symbol of the changes desired on both sides of the Iron Curtain. The short time of his leadership brought him and his country at the forefront of the global politics. The invasion of the Warsaw Pact into Czechoslovakia ended his political career and brought him 20 years of isolation. However, Dubčk's popularity and infl uence in the European Left remained unchanged.

This text explores a variety of themes developed from successive years of the University of California, Davis, multidisciplinary graduate conference. It draws out connections on a wide array of topics among the arts, humanities, and sciences in history for multidisciplinary study. This text presents a rare forum for multidisciplinary connections researched and presented by junior specialists in their respective fields. It enables both creativity and flexibility in drawing out connections that are frequently overlooked by more specialized senior scholars. This book is a unique exercise in the promotion of junior scholarly achievement and multidisciplinary research.

This book focuses on an important but neglected aspect of the Spanish Civil War, the evolution of medical and surgical care of the wounded during the conflict. Importantly, the focus is from a mainly Spanish perspective – as the Spanish are given a voice in their own story, which has not always been the case. Central to the book is General Franco's treatment of Muslim combatants, the anarchist contribution to health, and the medicalisation of propaganda – themes that come together in a medico-cultural study of the Spanish Civil War. Suffusing the narrative and the analysis is the traumatic legacy of conflict, an untreated wound that a new generation of Spaniards are struggling to heal.

Unternehmen und ihr Wandel sind der Kern der modernen Wirtschaft. Insbesondere in Deutschland kommt ihrer Entwicklung besondere Bedeutung zu, waren sie doch in den politischen Katastrophen der ersten Jahrhunderthälfte nicht selten zentrale Akteure. Gleichwohl blieben Struktur und Wandel auch hier weitgehend vom Markt, dessen Formen und Zugänglichkeit bestimmt, sodass bei allen Brüchen und Zäsuren doch deutliche Kontinuitäten erkennbar sind. Der Wandel der Unternehmen in den letzten zwei Jahrhunderten steht daher im Mittelpunkt der Darstellung. Darüber hinaus werden offene Fragen des Strukturwandels und seiner Bewertung im Lichte des nicht selten kontroversen Forschungsstandes diskutiert. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass die Mehrzahl der deutschen Unternehmen unter den Bedingungen des 20. Jahrhunderts zwar Sonderbedingungen ausgesetzt war, von einem deutschen Sonderweg in der Unternehmensgeschichte aber kaum gesprochen werden kann, zumal sich viele Unterschiede in der Globalisierung abgeschliffen haben. Trotzdem bleiben bemerkenswerte'Alleinstellungsmerkmale', die sich aber historisch gut plausibilisieren lassen.

A History of the Muslim World since 1260 continues the narrative begun by A History of the Muslim World to 1750 by tracing the development of Muslim societies, institutions, and doctrines from the time of the Mongol conquests through to the present day. It offers students a balanced coverage of Muslim societies that extend from Western Europe to Southeast Asia. Whereas it presents a multifaceted examination of Muslim cultures, it focuses on analysing the interaction between the expression of faith and contemporary social conditions. This extensively updated second edition is now in full colour, and the chronology of the book has been extended to include recent developments in the Muslim world. The images and maps have also been refreshed, and the literature has been updated to include the latest research from the last 10 years, including sections dedicated to the roles and status of women within Muslim societies throughout history. Divided chronologically into three parts and accompanied by a detailed glossary, A History of the Muslim World since 1260 is a perfect introduction for all students of the history of Muslim societies.

Schutz scheint ein archaisches Konzept zu sein, das im Widerspruch zu einer internationalen Gemeinschaft aus gleichen, souveränen Staaten steht. Doch das 19. Jahrhundert, in dem der moderne Staat seine entscheidende Prägung erhielt, war zugleich das Zeitalter imperialer Schutzrhetorik und -herrschaft. Europäische Imperien erstreckten sich über nahezu den gesamten Globus. Diese legitimierten ihre Herrschaftsansprüche sowohl gegenüber Beherrschten als auch gegenüber der internationalen Gemeinschaft mit erbrachten Schutzleistungen. Zentrale Strategien waren universalistische Ideologien wie die Pax Britannica, die Schutz für die Einordnung in ein imperiales System versprachen. In den Außenbeziehungen wirkten diese imperialen Schutzvorstellungen auf das Völkerrecht ein und schufen in der Praxis der Diplomatie neue völkerrechtliche Status, die den herkömmlichen Vorstellungen einer vollständigen Souveränität widersprachen. Die Studie untersucht, sowohl wie und warum diese Formen entstanden sind, als auch wie durch sie das komplexe Verhältnis von Protektion und Souveränität neu erdacht worden ist. Dadurch leistet sie einen Beitrag zur Internationalen Geschichte, zur Kolonial- und Imperiengeschichte und zur Geschichte des Völkerrechts.

‘This extraordinary collection is a game-changer. Featuring the cutting-edge work of over forty scholars from across the globe, The Routledge Handbook of the Global Sixties is breathtaking in its range, incisive in analyses, and revolutionary in method and evidence. Here, fifty years after that iconic'1968,'Western Europe and North America are finally de-centered, if not provincialized, and we have the basis for a complete remapping, a thorough reinterpretation of the'Sixties.''—Jean Allman, J.H. Hexter Professor in the Humanities; Director, Center for the Humanities, Washington University in St. Louis‘This is a landmark achievement. It represents the most comprehensive effort to date to map out the myriad constitutive elements of the'Global Sixties'as a field of knowledge and inquiry. Richly illustrated and meticulously curated, this collection purposefully'provincializes'the United States and Western Europe while shifting the loci of interpretation to Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and Latin America. It will become both a benchmark reference text for instructors and a gateway to future historical research.'—Eric Zolov, Associate Professor of History; Director, Latin American & Caribbean Studies, Stony Brook University‘This important and wide-ranging volume de-centers West-focused histories of the 1960s. It opens up fresh and vital ground for research and teaching on Third, Second, and First World transnationalism(s), and the many complex connections, tensions, and histories involved.'—John Chalcraft, Professor of Middle East History and Politics, Department of Government, London School of Economics and Political Science‘This book globalizes the study of the 1960s better than any other publication. The authors stretch the standard narrative to include regions and actors long neglected. This new geography of the 1960s changes how we understand the broader transformations surrounding protest, war, race, feminism, and other themes. The global 1960s described by the authors is more inclusive and relevant for our current day. This book will influence all future research and teaching about the postwar world.'—Jeremi Suri, Mack Brown Distinguished Chair for Leadership in Global Affairs; Professor of Public Affairs and History, The University of Texas at AustinAs the fiftieth anniversary of 1968 approaches, this book reassesses the global causes, themes, forms, and legacies of that tumultuous period. While existing scholarship continues to largely concentrate on the US and Western Europe, this volume will focus on Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe. International scholars from diverse disciplinary backgrounds explore the global sixties through the prism of topics that range from the economy, decolonization, and higher education, to forms of protest, transnational relations, and the politics of memory.