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52. Use of traditional inputs and advanced industrial technology in value-added within the pulp and paper industry in india.
- Author
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Kujur, Sandeep Kumar
- Subjects
- *
PAPER industry , *POLLUTION control equipment , *PAPER pulp , *INFORMATION & communication technologies , *SILICATE cements (Dentistry) , *PANEL analysis - Abstract
This paper exploits the information obtained in Annual Survey of Industries during 1999–2010 to gauge the degree of value-added owing to the use of traditional inputs (capital, labor, energy, indigenous materials, and imported materials) and advanced industrial production technology (services, information and communications technology, and pollution control equipment) in two main sub-sectors of the Pulp and Paper (P&P) industry in India categorized according to use of different types of raw material. The panel data econometric exercise confirms that the use of traditional inputs and advanced industrial technologies, and industry level determinants of the two sub-sectors have varied effects on value-added within them. These findings are important for promoting higher value-added production in different sectors within the resource-based industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
53. Affirmative Action in Higher Education in India and the US: A Study in Contrasts. Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE.10.06
- Author
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California Univ., Berkeley. Center for Studies in Higher Education. and Gupta, Asha
- Abstract
The 21st century has brought new challenges and opportunities for higher education. In the wake of the transition from elitist to mass education, universities worldwide are under pressure to enhance access and equity, on the one hand, and to maintain high standards of quality and excellence, on the other. Today the notion of equity not only implies greater access to higher education, but also opportunities for progress. In recent debates on higher education, the notions of equity and access go beyond minority to diversity. Affirmative action, too, has become race-exclusive and gender-neutral. The following paper makes an attempt to understand the nuances of a caste-based reservation policy in higher education in light of recent controversies, court verdicts, a subsequent amendment to the constitution in India; and affirmative action policies, court verdicts, and alternatives to affirmative action in certain universities in the US. The objective is to bring out commonalities and contrasts between the two countries in terms of legal, political, socio-cultural, economic, and psychological perspectives.
- Published
- 2006
54. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Contributed Papers.
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
Eight contributed papers given at a general session of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions 1992 annual meeting are presented. These papers deal with a variety of library issues, and are generally, but not exclusively, focused on developing countries. The following papers are included: (1) "Community Information Centres in the Developing Countries with Special Reference to India" (V. Venkatappaiah and T. V. Prafulla Chandra); (2) "Managing University Libraries in Southern Africa in the 1990s: Perception of Challenges and Solutions" (L. Pakkiri); (3) "Thailand's Experiences in Strengthening Information Infrastructure: An Example of an Attempt To Develop the Asia and Oceania Information Infrastructure" (K. Choochuay); (4) "Information Policies and Government Guidance in Nigeria: What Hope for Rural Communities?" (L. I. Diso); (5) "Library and Information Services for Disabled Individuals" (S. Mishra); (6) "CD-ROM Implementation in Developing Countries: Impacts for Improving Services" (M. Keylard); (7) "National Information Policy and the Third World Countries" (K. Navalani); and (8) "Manpower Preparation for Development and Implementation of Information Policies" (S. ur Rehman). (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
55. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Education and Research: Editors of Library Journals (RT); Section on Research in Reading; Section on Women's Interest in Librarianship; Section on Education and Training; Continuing Professional Education (RT); Section on Library Theory and Research. Papers.
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
The following 19 papers were delivered at the 1992 annual meeting of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions for the Division of Education and Research: (1) "Across the Frontiers: Impact of Foreign Journals in Library Science in India: A Citation Analysis" (M. A. Gopinath); (2) "Children and Reading in Israel" (I. Sever); (3) "Investigations into Reader Interest and Reading in Lithuania, 1918-1990" (V. Rimsa); (4) "Ethnic and Social Problems of Reading in Kazakhstan" (R. Berdigalieva); (5) "The USA Experience: Views and Opinions of an Asian American Librarian" (S. H. Nicolescu); (6) "The Implications for Libraries of Research on the Reading of Children" (M. L. Miller); (7) "Women's Status in Librarianship, the UK Experience" (S. Parker); (8) "Women's Interests in Librarianship, Resources on Women: Their Organization and Use" (H. Parekh); (9) "Information for Research on Women and Development" (A. Vyas); (10) "The Contribution of S. R. Ranganathan's Scientific School to the Informatization of Education for Library Science in the World" (J. N. Stolyarov and E. A. Nabatnikova); (11) "Library and Information Science Education Policy in India" (N. L. Rao and C. R. Karisiddappa); (12) "The Market in the Gap: Continuing Professional Education in the South Pacific" (J. Evans); (13) "Continuing Education Programmes for Teachers in Library and Information Science and Academic Library Professionals in South India" (A. A. N. Raju); (14) "Continuing Professional Education in China: A Decade Retrospective" (D. Xiaoying); (15) "Grounded Theory and Qualitative Methodology" (D. E. Weingand); (16) "Research in the Outskirts of Science: The Case of Mexico" (J. Lau); (17) "Society's Library: Leading to the Realization of the Five Laws--In Memory of Dr. S. R. Ranganathan" (L. Minghua); (18) "The Role of Library and Information Science Reviews in the Development of the Profession and Services" (M. Poulain); and (19) "Journal Publications in Africa: The Trouble with Authors and Readers" (L. O. Aina). Several papers are followed by references. (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
56. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of General Research Libraries: Section on National Libraries; Section on Parliamentary Libraries; Section on University Libraries and Other General Research Libraries. Papers.
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
Fifteen papers delivered for the Division of General Research Libraries at the 1992 International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions annual meeting are presented. These papers deal with national libraries, parliamentary (legislative) libraries, and university libraries. The papers are: (1) "Seeking Alternatives to National Libraries" (E. W. B. Williams); (2) "The Role of National Library as a Bibliographic Centre in a Multi-Lingual Situation: The Indian Context" (K. Dasgupta); (3) "Developmental Strategies of Computerized Legislative Information Services" (K. M. Ku); (4) "The Russian Parliamentary Library: Its History, Functions and Proposed Automation" (J. Shraiberg); (5) "Rethinking a Library: Knowledge for Legislators and the Library of Congress of Chile" (X. Feliu, M. Delano); (6) "Parliament of India and Information Management" (C. K. Jain); (7) "Information Services in a University Library--Will the 21st Century Bring Us Anything Different or Will It Be More of the Same" (A. J. Evans); (8) "The Changing Role of the University Library--Crafting a More Effective Role for the Library" (F. K. Groen); (9) "University Libraries in India" (K. A. Isaac); (10) "Library and Reference, Research, Documentation and Information Services to Members of Parliament in India" (G. C. Malhotra); (11) "Tripura Legislative Assembly Library: A Study" (S. Debnath); (12) "Library and Information Services in Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly" (S. S. Rajamani); (13) "Library Reference and Research Services in Rajasthan Legislative Assembly" (C. P. Gupta); (14) "The Needs of University Libraries in Developing Countries" (G. G. Allen); and (15) "The Finnish Universities' Research Database Project" (P. Kytomaki). (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
57. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Management and Technology: Audiovisual Media (RT); Section on Library Services to Multicultural Populations; Section on Library Buildings and Equipment; Section on Information Technology; Management of Library Associations (RT); Section on Statistics. Papers
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
Eleven papers delivered at the annual meeting of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions for the Division of Management and Technology are presented. Some were presented at a roundtable on audiovisual media, and others are from sessions on library buildings and equipment, information management, and statistics in library management. The following papers are included: (1) "Sound Archives in All India Radio" (H. M. Joshi); (2) "International Market for Spoken Books" (V. Arora, I. Bell, and M. Jenkins); (3) "Talking Books in Arabic, Kurdish, Turkish, and Urdu" (S. Tastesen); (4) "Library Building in the Tropics: The Saint Martin Experience' (B. Hodge); (5) "Model Architectural Design of a Library: Advantages and Defects of the Soviet Experience" (A. Zimonenko); (6) "Automated Strategies for Social Development" (K. S. Oswalt); (7) "Computer and Software for Information Services: An Overview of Mexican Progress" (J. Lau and M. Castro); (8) "Adapting Technologies for Library Processing Projects: Africa, Asia, and South America" (A. R. Pierce); (9) "Librarianship: Profession, Semi-Profession or Mere Occupation?: Surveying the Process of Change and Development in British Librarianship Today" (M. Freeman); (10) "Probability, Statistics and Library Management" (S. K. Basu); and (11) "Le Mesure de la satisfaction des usagers: Statistiques et enguetes aupres du public" (M.-D. Heusse) (French text). (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
58. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Collections and Services: Section on Acquisition and Exchange; Section on Serial Publications; Section on Interlending and Document Delivery. Papers.
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
Eight papers for the Collections and Services Division of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions that were given at the 1992 annual meeting are presented. These papers deal with the acquisition and exchange of library materials, interlending, and serial publications. The following papers are included: (1) "Why Won't You Accept My Order? Global Acquisitions Solutions" (T. Leisner); (2) "South Asian Literature: Acquisition and Processing in West European Libraries" (G. F. Baumann); (3) "The Interlibrary Loan (ILL) Protocol: Progress and Projects" (L. Swain and P. Tallim); (4) "Sci-Tech Libraries: New Approach to Interlibrary Loans" (E. Eronina); (5) "Improving Interlending through Goal Setting and Performance Measurement" (J. Willemse); (6) "OSIRIS, a Microcomputer Based Online Serials Information, Registration and Inquiry System" (S. Santiago); (7) "Serial Publications in India" (P. K. Gupta); and (8) "Basic Serials Management Handbook" (J. Szilvassy). Most papers are followed by references.
- Published
- 1992
59. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Libraries Serving the General Public: Section on Library Services to Multicultural Populations; Section on School Libraries; Section on Public Libraries. Papers.
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
Eleven papers delivered for the Division of Libraries Serving the General Public at the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions 1992 annual meeting are presented. Most deal with library services to multicultural populations, including those of developing countries. The following papers are included: (1) "Library Provision to Indians Living in Malaysia" (K. S. Mun); (2) "Library Services to Indians in Canada" (U. Prasada-Kole); (3) "Library Services to the Indian Population in the United States" (R. N. Sharma); (4) "The Southern Ontario Multilingual Pool: A Model for Cooperative Library Service Development" (S. Skrzeszewski); (5) "Meeting Information Needs of Slow, Average and Gifted Learners" (M. Kapoor); (6) "The Application of Information Technology (IT) in Public Libraries in Developing Countries" (P. Borchardt); (7) "The Role of the Public Library in Combating Illiteracy" (B. Thomas); (8) "The First UNESCO Library Pilot Project" (S. N. Khanna); (9) "'Transformation': The ODA Trainer Development Project for Central and State Training Institute Librarians in India" (M. Freeman); (10) "User Education around the World: The UNESCO Survey of Library and Information User Education Programmes in Some Developing Countries" (O. Kokkonen); and (11) "Ask the Same Questions and Get a Different Answer--A Case Study in Library Opening Hours Surveys" (J. Frylinck). Most papers are followed by references. (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
60. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Libraries Serving the General Public: Open Forum; Section on Libraries Serving Disadvantaged Persons; INTAMEL (RT); Mobile Libraries (RT). Papers.
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
Nine papers delivered at the Division of Libraries Serving the General Public at the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions 1992 annual meeting are presented. In addition to papers about libraries for disadvantaged persons, papers on services to children and young people and to the general public through mobile libraries, are presented. The following papers are included: (1) "UNESCO Public Library Manifesto" (B. Thomas); (2) "An Introduction to the International Guidelines for Library Services to Prisoners: Ze zitten hier niet voor hun zweetvoeten" (F. E. Kaiser); (3) "An Overview of Library Services in an Ageing Society: Emphasis on New Trends in Scandinavian Countries" (K.-J. Carlsen and K. Thulin); (4) "The Importance of Library and Reading in the Rehabilitation Process of the Disabled People" (F. Czajkowski); (5) "Multicultural Library Services for Immigrants in Queens County, New York" (A. A. Tandler); (6) "From Reading Promotion to Media Literacy--Public Library Services for Children and Young People" (I. Glashoff); (7) "Mobile Libraries in Finland--Culture Brought to Your Doorstep" (T. Haavisto); (8) "Mobile Libraries and the UNESCO Manifesto for Public Libraries" (T. H. Tate); and (9) "Mobile Library Service with a Special Reference to Delhi Public Library" (S. N. Khanna). (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
61. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Libraries Serving the General Public: Section on Children's Libraries; Section on Libraries for the Blind; Section on Public Libraries. Papers.
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
Twelve papers delivered at a joint meeting at the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions annual meeting of the Children's Libraries, Public Libraries, and Libraries for the Blind sections of the Division of Libraries Serving the General Public are presented. Most of the papers deal with library services to children, but several are devoted to literacy issues and services to the blind. The following papers are included: (1) "Promotion of Reading Habits through Home Libraries" (S. Panandiker); (2) "Katha and Its Literacy Projects" (G. Dharmarajan); (3) "Children's Books and Children's Libraries in India" (M. Rao); (4) "Illiteracy and Blindness" (A. Leach); (5) "Guidelines for Public Libraries Working with Illiteracy" (B. Thomas); (6) "A Review of the Draft Document 'International Guidelines for Public Libraries Involved in Literacy Work: A Developing Country View'" (H. K. Raskroka); (7) "A Country Overview of Inter-Library Loan Services of Special Format Material for the Visually Handicapped in India" (V. S. Rawat); (8) "Literacy and Development in the Third World: Could Librarianship Make a Difference?" (R. Gassol de Horowitz); (9) "International Cooperation on Library Services to the Visually Handicapped: Outcome of the Asian Seminar" (H. Kawamura); (10) "Thai-Laos Project on Books for Young People" (S. Singlamanan); (11) "Promotion of Literacy of Handicapped Children in India through Library Services" (C. D. Tamboli); and (12) "Meeting the Needs of Students at an International School" (B. Sen). Several papers are followed by references. (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
62. The Virtual Research and Extension Communication Network (VRECN): An Interactive Learning and Communication Network for Research and Extension Personnel. Concept Paper for the Food & Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO).
- Author
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TeleCommons Development Group, Guelph (Ontario). and Richardson, Don
- Abstract
A Virtual Research and Extension Communication Network (VRECN) is a set of networked electronic tools facilitating improvement in communication processes and information sharing among stakeholders involved in agricultural development. In developing countries, research and extension personnel within a ministry of agriculture, in consultation and collaboration with key stakeholders, can develop and implement a VRECN. The tools are artifacts of a planned and ongoing process of stakeholder involvement in mapping communication- and information-sharing relationships and identifying critical relationships that require improvement to reach agricultural development and food security goals. Creating a VRECN in a developing country requires a planned process of stakeholder engagement, multi-stakeholder assessments of communication and information needs, and collaborative workshops to determine the desired characteristics of a VRECN, management relationships, and development partnerships. Six steps are to conduct project preparation, information technology assessment, and VRECN prototype development; identify product and services for VRECN; create VRECN prototype and directory; evaluate product and services; identify and secure staff support; and evaluate project. A number of tangible products result from a preplanned process for creating a VRECN, particularly through efforts to establish stakeholder needs assessments and collaborative working groups. (YLB)
- Published
- 1999
63. Biobleaching for pulp and paper industry in India: Emerging enzyme technology.
- Author
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Singh, Gursharan, Kaur, Satinderpal, Khatri, Madhu, and Arya, Shailendra Kumar
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,LACCASE ,CHEMICAL processes ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,WOOD-pulp ,EMERGING industries - Abstract
Abstract Indian pulp and paper industry is one of the fastest emerging business sector of the country which has shown tremendous growth in last few years. Governments policies are creating sustain pressure on paper industries to preserve the clean and pollution free environment at any price. As a result industries are pondering to replace the chemical bleaching processes with facile bio-based cost effective technologies. Eco-friendly bleaching enzymes like xylanases and laccases have the potential for biobleaching of wood and agro-based pulps at industrial scale. In India, enzymatic prebleaching of pulp is widely being investigated and has achieved favorable outcomes but at laboratory scales only and commercial application of enzymes for the delignification of pulp is still at budding stage. This article tends to draw the attention on significant efforts which have been continually attributed by indigenous research laboratories and industries to replace the chemical bleaching with enzymes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
64. Evaluating the content validity of the undergraduate summative exam question papers of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology from 6 medical universities in India.
- Author
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Dayanidhi, Vijay Kautilya, Datta, Arijit, Hegde, Shruti P., and Tiwari, Preeti
- Subjects
- *
FORENSIC toxicology , *FORENSIC medicine , *TEST validity , *FORENSIC pathology , *SUMMATIVE tests , *UNDERGRADUATES - Abstract
Introduction: Summative assessments play a major role in shaping the student's learning. There is little literature available on validity of summative assessment question papers in Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. This study analyses 30 question papers from 6 reputed universities for content validity. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional record-based observational study was conducted where 30 university summative question papers in Forensic Medicine & Toxicology from 6 universities across India were evaluated for content validity. The learning domain assessed, the type of questions asked, and sampling of the content was compared and presented in the results. Results: From the results of the study, it was noted that 80% weightage was allotted to recall in most papers and only one paper tested for application. 70 to 80% of the marks were allotted to Forensic Pathology leading to disproportionate sampling. Core areas in Toxicology and Medical Jurisprudence were sparsely assessed. Conclusion: The content validity of the summative question papers in Forensic Medicine and Toxicology was unsatisfactory, emphasising the need for evaluation of the clarity and efficacy of the blueprints being used by the universities. Faculty training to motivate and influence a change in the mindset is necessary to bring about a course correction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
65. Initial Teacher Training: South Asian Approaches. Quality in Basic Education: Professional Development of Teachers. Papers Prepared for a South Asian Colloquium on Teacher Training in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka (Colombo, Sri Lanka, April 1992).
- Author
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Commonwealth Secretariat, London (England).
- Abstract
This publication is one of two prepared for a South Asian Colloquium on issues related to teacher training in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The papers in this volume focus on innovations and alternative strategies designed to improve quality in teacher education at preservice phase. The publication is in five sections. The first four sections were prepared by the respective national Ministries of Education. Section 1 is on Bangladesh and includes an overview of literacy and primary education and a discussion of provisions for initial training of teachers, the funding of education, and problems and remedies. Section 2, on India, includes a brief history of India's educational system, a review of key issues in the National Policy of Education, a discussion of issues facing Indian educators in the nineties, and several data tables. Pakistan is the focus of section 3 which looks at historical perspectives on teacher training, training of elementary and secondary teachers, qualifications for teacher educators, innovations in teacher training, analysis of teacher training programs, financing of teacher education, and recommendations for future development. The fourth section is on Sri Lanka and covers inservice and preservice teacher education, successful innovations in teacher training, problems and issues, and statistical information. The final section is an overview by Beatrice Avalos which summarizes the educational context and the characteristics, issues, and alternatives of teacher education in general and in each of the four countries. (Individual sections contain references.) (ND)
- Published
- 1993
66. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Special Libraries: Section on Art Libraries; Section on Geography and Map Libraries; Section on Government Libraries; Section on Science and Technology Libraries. Papers.
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
The following 21 papers were delivered for the Special Libraries Division of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions at its 1992 annual meeting: (1) "From Indochina to Afghanistan: Arts from Abroad in Parisian Libraries" (M. F. Macouin); (2) "The Indonesian Archeology Photograph and Documentation System (IAPDS) in Leiden" (H. I. R. Hinzler); (3) "The Collection Development and Organisation of Art Materials: The Cultural Center of the Philippines in Context" (E. R. Peralejo); (4) "Resources for the Conservation of Southeast Asian Art" (S. G. Swartzburg); (5) "The Moravian Mission and Its Research on the Language and Culture of Western Tibet: A Case Study for Collection Development" (H. Walravens); (6) "The National Art Library and the Indian Collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London" (J. F. van der Wateren); (7) "Collection Development and Acquisition of Art Materials with Special Reference to South and South-East Asia: A Case Study of the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts" (A. P. Gakhar); (8) "Map Collection of the National Library and Its Users' Pattern" (D. K. Mittra and A. K. Ghatak); (9) "Russian Maps of Asia" (N. Ye. Kotelnikova); (10) "A Survey of Maps and Atlases Published in India" (A. K. Ghatak); (11) "Government Libraries in India: An Overview" (M. K. Jain); (12) "Technology as an Agent for Communication" (E. J. Valauskas); (13) "Changing Duties: Relations between Library and Information Work" (A. G. A. Staats); (14) "Access to Scientific and Technical Information: The Greenlight or Not?" (D. Stoica); (15) "Initiatives To Facilitate Access to S&T (Science and Technology) Information in India" (A. Lahiri); (16) "Improving Access to Scientific Literature in Developing Countries--A UNESCO Programme Review" (A. Abid); (17) "Science, Technology and Libraries in French-Speaking Africa" (H. Sene); (18) "Productivity, Impact and Quality of Scientific Work at the UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico): Actions for their Acknowledgement" (P. Dector); (19) "The Post-Perestroyika Sci-Tech Libraries: Will They Survive?" (A. Zemskov); (20) "Access to Information and Science Development in the Developing World" (S. Arunachalam); and (21) "Manuscript Collections in Indian Libraries with Special Emphasis on National Library" (S. Akhtar). (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
67. The Waning of America's Higher Education Advantage: International Competitors Are No Longer Number Two and Have Big Plans in the Global Economy. Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE.9.06
- Author
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California Univ., Berkeley. Center for Studies in Higher Education. and Douglass, John Aubrey
- Abstract
The United States has long enjoyed being on the cutting edge in its devotion to building a vibrant higher education sector. After a century of leading the world in participation rates in higher education, however, there are strong indications that America's advantage is waning. The academic research enterprise remains relatively vibrant. However, participation and degree attainment rates have leveled off and are showing signs of actual decline in a number of major states with large populations--and this seems to be more than just a bump or short-term market correction. Other competitive nations, and in particular key members of the European Union, along with China, India and other developing economies, are aggressively nurturing their higher education systems, expanding access, and better positioning themselves in the global economy. They have been trying harder, while in the US public funding for higher education has declined. The nation's international and domestic concerns lie elsewhere. In addition to outlining these reasons that America's higher education advantage is waning, this article also discusses the possible consequences. (Contains 53 notes.)
- Published
- 2006
68. School Report Cards: Some Recent Experiences. Working Paper
- Author
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Academy for Educational Development (AED), Educational Quality Improvement Program 2 (EQUIP2), Cameron, Laurie, Moses, Kurt D., and Gillies, John
- Abstract
Decentralization and an increased emphasis on community and parent participation represent significant education reform trends over the past decade. These reforms take place in the context of increased emphasis within Education for All (EFA) on improving education quality and outcomes and on strengthening accountability for results. They require that substantial information be available to local and regional stakeholders, school officials, and communities in order to increase transparency, establish a basis for accountability, and provide tools for effective management at the local level. Parents, teachers, school officials, and other stakeholders must be able to assess school performance and status. A number of countries are experimenting with school-level information systems known as "school report cards" to increase accountability and transparency. These systems have different formats and purposes, ranging from strict accountability systems that measure student performance to participatory diagnostic and management tools that support school managers. Efforts are relatively novel, and substantial evaluation information is not yet available. The purpose of this report is to present the various types of school report cards and information systems currently being used and establish a typology for understanding the range of audiences and purposes for such systems, as well as the continuum of cost and sophistication involved.
- Published
- 2006
69. Changes in Returns to Education in India, 1983-94: By Gender, Age-Cohort and Location. Center Discussion Paper.
- Author
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Yale Univ., New Haven, CT. Economic Growth Center. and Duraisamy, P.
- Abstract
There is hardly any estimate of returns to schooling in India based on national level representative data for the recent period. This paper provides estimates of the economic returns to education in India by gender, age cohort, and location (by rural-urban) for the most recent period 1993-94, and also evaluates the changes in returns over a period of time from 1983-94 using national level representative household survey data. These are the only national surveys in India that provide information on the wages and some of the labor market characteristics of individuals. The data show that the returns to education increases up to the secondary level and declines thereafter. There is evidence of substantial gender and rural-urban differences in the returns to schooling. The returns to women's education for the primary and middle levels have declined while those for secondary and college levels have increased during 1983-94. Also discussed briefly are the structure of education and the labor market in India. Includes 6 notes. (Contains 21 references and 13 tables.) (BT)
- Published
- 2000
70. Can You Hear Me? The Right of Young Children to Participate in Decisions Affecting Them. Working Papers in Early Childhood Development, No. 36
- Author
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Bernard Van Leer Foundation (Netherlands) and Lansdown, Gerison
- Abstract
"Can You Hear Me? The Right of Young Children to Participate in Decisions Affecting Them" emphasises that participation enhances children's self-esteem and confidence, promotes their overall capacities, produces better outcomes, strengthens understanding of and commitment to democratic processes and protects children more effectively. Participation provides the opportunity for developing a sense of autonomy, independence, heightened social competence and resilience. The benefits are therefore significant, and adults with both direct and indirect responsibility for children need to acquire a greater humility in recognising that they have a great deal to learn from children. But the case for listening to young children goes beyond the beneficial outcomes. It is also a matter of social injustice and human rights. All people, however young, are entitled to be participants in their own lives, to influence what happens to them, to be involved in creating their own environments, to exercise choices and to have their views respected and valued. (Contains 4 footnotes.)
- Published
- 2005
71. Papers in European Language Policy. ROLIG-papir 53.
- Author
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Roskilde Univ. Center (Denmark)., Phillipson, Robert, and Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove
- Abstract
A collection of essays on European language policy, each by one or both of the authors, are: "Lessons for Europe from Language Policy in Australia"; "English Only Worldwide, or Language Ecology"; "Minority Workers or Minority Human Beings? A European Dilemma"; "Educational Language Choice--Multilingual Diversity or Monolingual Reductionism?"; "Linguicide and Linguicism"; "A Historical Outline of British Policy for the Spread of English"; "Is India Throwing Away Its Language Resources?"; reviews of two publications on language policy; reviews of Normand Labrie's "La construction linguistique de la Communaute europeenne" and Christina Bratt Paulston's "Linguistic Minorities in Multilingual Settings"; and "Language Policy," a proposed 5-year policy plan for Denmark, written in Danish. Each of the papers was written as part of a project on language policy in contemporary Europe, supported by the Danish Research Council for the Humanities. Some are papers presented at conferences worldwide, and others were written for publication. (MSE)
- Published
- 1995
72. One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Surgery: Consequences Over Ascorbic Acid, Cobalamin, Calciferol, and Calcium: Bariatric Surgery Series: Paper I.
- Author
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Singh, Arya, Ahmad, Rahnuma, Sinha, Susmita, Haq, Md. Ahsanul, Narwariaq, Mahendra, Haque, Mainul, Kumar, Santosh, and Sanghani, Nandita
- Subjects
- *
GASTRIC bypass , *VITAMIN C , *VITAMIN B12 , *BARIATRIC surgery , *ERGOCALCIFEROL , *DIETARY supplements - Abstract
Background: Nutrient deficiency after malabsorptive bariatric procedure is a common phenomenon. The study aims to determine the prevalence of nutritional insufficiencies (specific with Ascorbic acid, Cobalamin, calciferol and calcium) in obese population opting for One Ananstomosis Gastric Bypass surgery (OAGB), and also to understand the association of these nutrients with change in Body Mass Index (BMI) after the surgery. Methods: One hundred fifty subjects comprising males and females aged 20-60 years were randomly selected at a bariatric center in India. Subjects belonged to both grade III and grade II obesity. Plasma aa, serum vitB12, serum VitD3 and serum calcium concentrations were prospectively assessed at 0m, 3m, and 6m of surgery through high-performance liquid chromatography. Result: The values of nutrients beyond the standard levels are considered as deficiency. Both follow up values showed a significant increase in cobalamin, Calciferol, and ascorbic acid levels compared to baseline data. Conclusion: Nutrition depletion and deficiency are often seen in post bariatric cases. The contributing factors included high BMI, food intolerance, and non-adherence to supplements and correct dietary regimens. With the correction of weight and comorbidities, the levels also showed a stable and positive level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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73. Organ Donation after Circulatory Determination of Death in India: A Joint Position Paper.
- Author
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Seth, Avnish Kumar, Mohanka, Ravi, Navin, Sumana, Krishna Gokhale, Alla Gopala, Sharma, Ashish, Kumar, Anil, Ramachandran, Bala, Balakrishnan, K. R., Mirza, Darius F., Mehta, Dhvani, Zirpe, Kapil G., Dhital, Kumud, Sahay, Manisha, Simha, Srinagesh, Sundaram, Radha, Pandit, Rahul Anil, Mani, Raj Kumar, Gursahani, Roop, Gupta, Subhash, and Kute, Vivek
- Subjects
ORGAN & tissue transplantation laws ,CAUSES of death ,CARDIOPULMONARY resuscitation ,KIDNEY transplantation ,CARDIOVASCULAR system ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,DOCUMENTATION ,BLOOD circulation ,HEALTH care teams ,CARDIAC arrest ,ORGAN donation ,ORGAN donors ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Organ donation following circulatory determination of death (DCDD) has contributed significantly to the donor pool in several countries, without compromising the outcomes of transplantation or the number of donations following brain death (BD). In India, majority of deceased donations happen following BD. While existing legislation allows for DCDD, there have been only a few reports of kidney transplantation following DCDD from the country. This document, prepared by a multi-disciplinary group of experts, reviews the international best practices in DCDD and outlines the path for furthering the same in India. The ethical, medical, legal, economic, procedural, and logistic challenges unique to India for all types of DCDD based on the Modified Maastricht Criteria have been addressed. India follows an opt-in system for organ donation that does not allow much scope for uncontrolled DCDD categories I and II. The practice of withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WLST) in India is in its infancy. The process of WLST, laid down by the Supreme Court of India, is considered time-consuming, possible only in patients in a permanent vegetative state, and considered too cumbersome for day-to-day practice. In patients where continued medical care is determined to be futile following detailed and repeated assessment, the procedure for WLST, as laid down and published by Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy in conjunction with leading medical experts is described. In controlled DCDD (category-III), the decision for WLST is independent of and delinked from the subsequent possibility of organ donation. Once families are inclined toward organ donation, they are explained the procedure including the timing and location of WLST, consent for antemortem measures, no-touch period, and the possibility of stand down and return to the intensive care unit without donation. While donation following neurologic determination of death (DNDD) is being increasingly practiced in the country, there are instances where the cardiac arrest occurs during the process of declaration of BD, before organ retrieval has been done. Protocol for DCDD category-IV deals with such situations and is described in detail. In DCDD category V, organ donation may be possible following unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resuscitation of cardiac arrest in the intensive care. An outline of organ-specific requisites for kidney, liver, heart, and lung transplantation following DCDD and the use of techniques such as normothermic regional perfusion and ex vivo machine perfusion has been provided. With increasing experience, the outcomes of transplantation following DCDD are comparable to those following DBDD or living donor transplantation. Documents and checklists necessary for the successful execution of DCDD in India are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
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74. Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL) Guidance Paper on Nomenclature, Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).
- Author
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Duseja, Ajay, Singh, S.P., De, Arka, Madan, Kaushal, Rao, Padaki Nagaraja, Shukla, Akash, Choudhuri, Gourdas, Saigal, Sanjiv, Shalimar, Arora, Anil, Anand, Anil C., Das, Ashim, Kumar, Ashish, Eapen, Chundamannil E., Devadas, Krishnadas, Shenoy, Kotacherry T., Panigrahi, Manas, Wadhawan, Manav, Rathi, Manish, and Kumar, Manoj
- Subjects
- *
NON-alcoholic fatty liver disease , *TYPE 2 diabetes , *DISEASE progression , *LIVER diseases , *FATTY liver - Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease globally and in India. The already high burden of NAFLD in India is expected to further increase in the future in parallel with the ongoing epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Given the high prevalence of NAFLD in the community, it is crucial to identify those at risk of progressive liver disease to streamline referral and guide proper management. Existing guidelines on NAFLD by various international societies fail to capture the entire landscape of NAFLD in India and are often difficult to incorporate in clinical practice due to fundamental differences in sociocultural aspects and health infrastructure available in India. A lot of progress has been made in the field of NAFLD in the 7 years since the initial position paper by the Indian National Association for the Study of Liver on NAFLD in 2015. Further, the ongoing debate on the nomenclature of NAFLD is creating undue confusion among clinical practitioners. The ensuing comprehensive review provides consensus-based, guidance statements on the nomenclature, diagnosis, and treatment of NAFLD that are practically implementable in the Indian setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
75. Women and Literacy Development in the Third World. Papers Presented at an International Seminar on Women and Literacy Development--Constraints and Prospects (Linkoping, Sweden, August 1991).
- Author
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Linkoping Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Education and Psychology. and Malmquist, Eve
- Abstract
Organized to focus world-wide public attention on the massive gender inequalities in many areas of the world, a seminar entitled "Women and Literacy Development--Constraints and Prospects" was held in Sweden during August 1991. This book presents conference papers by female literacy experts from 12 developing nations (three in Latin America, five in Africa, three in Asia, and one in the South Pacific Region) on the literacy situation for girls and women in their respective countries. Papers in the book are: (1) "Women and Literacy Development in the Third World: A Rapsodic Overview" (Eve Malmquist); (2) "Women and Literacy Development in India" (Anita Dighe); (3) "Women and Literacy Development in Pakistan" (Neelam Hussain); (4) "Flowers in Bloom: An Account of Women and Literacy Development in Thailand" (Kasama Varavarn); (5) "Women and Literacy Development in the South Pacific Region" (Barbara Moore); (6) "Illiterate Rural Women In Egypt: Their Educational Needs and Problems: A Case Study" (Nadia Gamal El-Din); (7) "Women and Literacy Development in Botswana: Some Implementation Strategies" (Kgomotso D. Motlotle); (8) "Women and Literacy Development in East Africa with Particular Reference to Tanzania" (Mary Rusimbi); (9) "Women and Literacy Development in Mozambique" (Teresa Veloso); (10) "Women and Literacy Development: A Zimbabwean Perspective" (Maseabata E. Tsosane and John A. Marks); (11) "Women and Literacy Development in Mexico" (Geraldine Novelo Oppenheim); (12) "A Post-Literacy Project with the Women of the Indian Community of San Lorenzo, Colombia" (Mirvan Zuniga); (13) "Gender Subordination and Literacy in Brazil" (Fulvia Rosemberg); (14) "Women and Literacy: Summary of Discussions at the International Linkoping Seminar" (Ulla-Britt Persson and Neelam Hussain); and (15) "Concluding Remarks, Suggestions and Recommendations" (Eve Malmquist). (RS)
- Published
- 1992
76. Migrants of the Information Age: Indian and Mexican Engineers and Regional Development in Silicon Valley. Working Paper No. 16.
- Author
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California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla. Center for Comparative Immigration Studies. and Alarcon, Rafael
- Abstract
Immigration and domestic industrial policies have been powerful instruments in the creation of immigrant "niches" in labor markets. While Indians have clustered in the information technology industry, Mexicans have formed niches in low-skilled industries such as agriculture. A review of the relationship between immigration policy and the requirements of the information technology industry reveals two important conclusions. First, immigration policy changes of the mid-1960s facilitated the immigration of Indians with high levels of education. Asians and Africans could not use family reunification to enter the United States, so the only path open to them was the use of occupational skills. This explains why these immigrants are so highly educated and why they concentrate in high-tech industries. On the other hand, Mexican immigrants constitute the largest group of unskilled workers because economic and social costs of immigration are lessened by geographical propinquity. In addition, specific U.S. immigration policies, direct recruitment, and the development of social networks have encouraged the immigration of unskilled workers. The departure of IBM from India in 1978, and the failure of the country to develop a domestic viable computer industry forced most Indian users to rely on imports. Thus, during the 1970s and 1980s Indian programmers learned how to work on a variety of platforms. In contrast, Mexico has solidified its role as the preferred location for the electronics manufacturing industry. (Contains 33 references.) (TD)
- Published
- 2000
77. The Impact of Training on Women's Micro-Enterprise Development. Education Research Paper. Knowledge & Research.
- Author
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Department for International Development, London (England)., Leach, Fiona, Abdulla, Salwa, Appleton, Helen, el-Bushra, Judy, Cardenas, Nora, Kebede, Kibre, Lewis, Viv, and Sitaram, Shashikala
- Abstract
A study investigated the impact of training on women's micro-enterprise development in four programs in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Sudan. Research design was a series of case studies of projects and programs providing training in technical or business skills. Impact of training was measured against these four indicators: income, access to and control of resources, status, and quality of life. The study examined the training process to find out in what specific ways training helped women to improve and expand their micro-enterprises. The sample in each country consisted of two groups: women about to undergo training (focus of the study) and women who had already received training; 74 women participated. The study showed poor women needed training to develop skills and self-confidence to allow them to operate and survive in the informal sector; access to credit is important but not sufficient for the poorest women; the impact of training and increased income varied in strength but could be negative as well as positive; well-designed and well-delivered training could lead to increased income that could lead to improved self-esteem and status in the household and community; effectively delivered training developed enhanced survival strategies in women; training provided to groups in a participatory model was an empowering and liberating experience for women; and training in generic business skills was more effective than training in technical skills. (Appendixes include 61 references.) (YLB)
- Published
- 2000
78. The Effectiveness of Teacher Resource Centre Strategy. Education Research Paper. Full Report.
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Department for International Development, London (England)., Fairhurst, Genevieve, Gibbs, William, Jain, Pankaj, Khatete, David, Knamiller, Gary, Welford, Geoff, and Wiegand, Patrick
- Abstract
During 1997-98, a research team from the University of Leeds investigated the effectiveness of teacher resource centers (TRCs) as a strategy for teacher development in developing nations. The study included a literature review and fieldwork in four countries (India, Kenya, Nepal, and Zambia). The study examined the extent to which TRCs helped improve the environment for learning in schools and the quality of teaching and learning in classrooms. It also examined issues surrounding TRCs and how TRCs were affected by those issues. Data collection involved literature reviews and observations and interviews at TRCs and in schools in the four countries. Results indicated that it was very difficult for TRCs to achieve their goal of improving teachers' classroom performance and thus positively impacting teaching and learning, because they were detached from work at schools. Overall, the TRCs and their inservice courses were used very little in all four countries and made little significant contribution to improved teaching and learning in schools. Teachers had to leave their classes to go to TRC activities, so the TRCs actually contributed to teacher absenteeism. Sustainability depended on outside resources, particularly international donors. (Contains 227 references.) (SM)
- Published
- 1999
79. Can Greater Access to Education Be Inequitable? New Evidence from India's Right to Education Act. Working Paper 27377
- Author
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National Bureau of Economic Research, Chatterjee, Chirantan, Hanushek, Eric A., and Mahendiran, Shreekanth
- Abstract
India took a decisive step towards universal basic education by proclaiming a constitutionally-guaranteed Right to Education (RTE) Act in 2009 that called for full access of children aged 6-14 to free schooling. This paper considers the offsetting effects to RTE from induced expansion of private tutoring in the educationally competitive districts of India. We develop a unique database of registrations of new private educational institutions offering tutorial services by local district between 2001-2015. We estimate the causal impact of RTE on private supplemental education by comparing the growth of these private tutorial institutions in districts identified a priori as having very competitive educational markets to those that had less competitive educational markets. We find a strong impact of RTE on the private tutoring market and show that this holds across alternative definitions of highly competitive districts and a variety of robustness checks, sensitivity analyses, and controls. Finally, we provide descriptive evidence that these private tutoring schools do increase the achievement (and competitiveness) of students able to afford them.
- Published
- 2020
80. Top 507 India's High-Cited Papers on Covid-19: A Bibliometric Assessment.
- Author
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Kolle, Shankar Reddy, Gupta, B. M., and Ahmed, K. K. Mueen
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COVID-19 ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) - Abstract
In this paper, we have collected the data about the 507 high-cited (citations ≥ 25) papers on Covid 19 published by India using Scopus database. Within small span of time many papers have received considerable number of citations. Further we have analyzed in terms of types of papers, major funding agencies, major collaborating countries, prolific authors, productive organizations and cluster analysis of author supplied keywords. Most of the papers were research articles. Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India has funded considerable numbers of papers on Covid 19 and K. Dhama form Indian Veterinary Research Institute has contributed highest numbers papers and USA was major collaborating country and PGIMER-Chandigarh was most contributing organization. This study will be useful to the scientist/researchers to know the characteristics of high cited papers on Covid-19 from India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
81. Structural change and technical efficiency: a study of Indian pulp and paper industry.
- Author
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Kathuria, Vinish
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,DIGITAL divide ,STOCHASTIC analysis ,GOVERNMENT policy ,GROWTH industries - Abstract
Purpose: The pulp and paper industry has been the focus of government policies ever since independence. This is the only industry where government plays a multi-dimensional role – not only as the regulator but also as the supplier of raw material and as the buyer. Despite the government's omnipotent role, there is evidence that industry is not very competitive, as it has very high energy and water intensity and poor productivity. A potent factor identified in the literature for the underperformance of the industry or for that matter any economy is the kind of technology used by the firms in the sector. This paper aims to look into the role of government policy in affecting the growth of the industry and what role embodied technology has played in influencing the efficiency of firms in Indian pulp and paper industry. Design/methodology/approach: For the first question, the study uses 66 years of production data of the industry from 1951 to 2016 and tests for the structural break. For the second question, the study uses cross-section plant-level data for the year 2011-2012 of 160 paper manufacturing units to first estimate the stochastic production frontier (stochastic frontier analysis [SFA]) and then uses the output of SFA to find an association between embodied technology gap (TG) and technical efficiency. A methodological problem in earlier literature is the use of the productivity gap as a proxy for embodied TG. The present study uses technical parameters of papermaking – machine deckle and operating speed – to construct an index of TG. Findings: The results show a structural break in the production trend occurring in 1999 with the delicensing in July 1997 as the possible cause. The SFA results show that the average technical inefficiency (TE) of the firms in the sector is 74 per cent with half of the firms having TE higher than 76 per cent. The study, however, does not find any impact of embodied TG on technical efficiency; rather it is the age, size, ownership and location that have an impact on it. Originality/value: This is an original research, as the author has not come across any study in Indian context or elsewhere using technical parameters to construct TG variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
82. Interstate energy efficiency of Indian paper industry: A slack-based non-parametric approach.
- Author
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Bhat, Javed Ahmad, Haider, Salman, and Kamaiah, Bandi
- Subjects
- *
ENERGY conservation , *PAPER industry , *ENERGY intensity (Economics) , *PAPER industry & the environment , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
Abstract This study aims at to make a heuristic analysis of energy efficiency performance of Indian paper industry in a non-parametric production theoretic approach. Using the data for 2004–05 to 2013–14, radial and non-radial variants of DEA were employed to estimate energy saving potential and identify the relative position of paper industry across the states. Preliminary analysis in terms of energy intensity scores showed declining trends of energy intensity over the period of analysis for most of the states except states like Assam, Chhattisgarh, Kerala and Punjab where it does not decline much. Assuming a variable returns to scale (VRS) technology under the conditions of inherent heterogeneity and market imperfection, the slack-based measure (SBM) reported a much higher energy saving potential than reported by other measures in the study. Further by taking scale efficiency into account, the study documented the higher contribution of pure energy inefficiency in explaining the total energy inefficiency within the paper industry relative to scale inefficiency. Finally, the study recommends the propagation of energy efficiency program through a market-based and regulatory mechanism along with consolidation and technological advancement of individual units, in order to tap vast energy saving potential and thereby ensure the growth and environmental sustainability. Highlights • The paper examined the energy efficiency performance of Indian paper industry. • Both radial (BCC) and the non-radial (SBM) measures of energy efficiency, were applied. • BCC measure reported an energy saving potential of 16%. • SBM measure reported an energy saving potential of 24%, higher than BCC measure. • Scale efficiency implied the relatively higher contribution of pure energy inefficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
83. Accreditation and Quality Assurance in Higher Education: Papers on Higher Education Series.
- Author
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Bucharest (Romania). European Centre for Higher Education. and Sterian, Paul Enache
- Abstract
This paper offers a broad look at accreditation and quality assurance in higher education and how these issues are addressed around the world. Section 1 is an overview of accreditation and addresses the aims and objectives of accreditation, standards, accreditation bodies, stages of the accreditation process, the quality of that process, the role of government in the accreditation process, some critical points of view concerning the process, and present accreditation trends. Section 2 looks at accreditation and quality assurance through brief national case studies. The nations represented are France, Germany, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United States, China, India, Hong Kong, South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya, and Australia. This section closes with a section comparing accreditation and quality assurance in various regions. Section 3 takes a closer and more detailed look at the accreditation process in Romania, particularly in light of the recent political and educational changes in this nation and the fairly recent decision to introduce accreditation of institutions of higher education. This examination covers accreditation principles and objectives, standards for initial and subsequent accreditation, application rules, structure of the accreditation committee and its functions, and provisions for financing accreditation. Appendixes contain institutional evaluation standards and a glossary. (Contains 27 references.) (JB)
- Published
- 1992
84. School-Based Understanding of Human Rights in Four Countries: A Commonwealth Study. Education Research Paper.
- Author
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Department for International Development, London (England)., Bourne, R., Gundara, J., Dev, A., Ratsoma, N., Rukanda, M., Smith A., and Birthistle, U.
- Abstract
This project is the result of a three year study of a sample of secondary schools in Botswana, India, Northern Ireland, and Zimbabwe. The study is backed up by longer interviews with students, teachers, and administrators, an audit of the curriculum, a review of educational materials, and an examination of the teacher education available. A questionnaire was administered to 915 students aged 14 and 16 in 23 schools. The study was designated as a key Commonwealth contribution to the United Nations Decade of Human Rights Education. It looked at how the education systems are currently providing an infrastructure for human rights in these member states. The project concentrated on: (1) how national commitments to human rights instruments are reflected in the school curriculum; (2) whether young people are acquiring basic concepts in selected dimensions of human rights; (3) what the difference two years of study makes to the understanding of young people; (4) whether there are any significant variations between countries (by gender or between different types of school within the same country); (5) what are the key priorities identified for strengthening this area of the curriculum; and (6) what scope there is for Commonwealth cooperation in the future. (Contains 45 references.) (BT)
- Published
- 1997
85. The Accounting Of Cryptocurrency As Per Indian Accounting Standards: A Review Paper.
- Author
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Bharti, Palak
- Subjects
- *
ACCOUNTING standards , *CRYPTOCURRENCIES , *INTERNATIONAL Financial Reporting Standards , *ACCOUNTING firms , *ELECTRONIC money , *FINANCIAL statements - Abstract
Crypto currency has become the buzzword these days. Accounting is yet another field where cryptocurrency has occupied its space. In India, the status of accounting for cryptocurrency still remains unclear even though few of the additions have been made in IAS. A list of varied elements exists in the accounting process, where accountants deal in the real world as there is presently no accounting standard regulated for them; one such example is crypto currency. The U.S. GAAP (General Accepted Accounting Principles) and international financial reporting standards (IFRS) has recognized Crypto currency in the present times for public firms as an account for a digital currency as an intangible asset with an unlimited life. Companies will first record crypto on the balance sheet at their cost basis in both scenarios. The goal of this research paper is to assess if there are adequate justifications for the establishment of IFRS accounting rules for crypto-assets (liabilities) and to make suggestions for possible directions in which they may go. A clear insight into the accounting and taxation is attempted in the present research paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
86. Penn Working Papers in Educational Linguistics. Volume 7, Number 1, Spring 1991.
- Author
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Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia. Graduate School of Education., Hardman, Joel, Hardman, Joel, and Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia. Graduate School of Education.
- Abstract
Five working papers in linguistics and education are presented. "The Mediators: Providing Access To Texts in English in a Semi-Urban Maharashtrian College Community" (Grace Plamthodathil Jacob) examines the teacher's role in mediating cultural awareness as part of English second language education in a multilingual, non-western society. "Gender Distribution of Negative Judgments" (Dom Berducci) examines how male and female college students make negative judgments, and discusses possible sociolinguistic rules for the use of such judgments. "Distance Learning and Second Language Acquisition: The Role of Input and Interaction" (Thomas Hickey) suggests that distance learning might be a fruitful area of inquiry for second language learning researchers. "Educational Alternatives for Elementary School Students in Spanish-Speaking Communities" (Daphne Katranides) considers four educational programs available to elementary school children of Spanish-English bilingual communities in the United States. "Literacy in Brazil: For What Purposes?" (Marcia Montenegro Velho) discusses the structures and roles of two literacy programs implemented in Brazil in the 1960s and 1970s, one built on the work of Paolo Freire and the other on the Brazilian Literacy Movement. (MSE)
- Published
- 1991
87. Women and Literacy in India: A Study in a Re-settlement Colony in Delhi. Education for Development Occasional Papers Series 1, Number 2.
- Author
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Education for Development, Reading (England). and Dighe, Anita
- Abstract
A group of 100 randomly selected women living in the resettlement colony of Ambedkernager in South Delhi, India, who had participated in colony's Total Literacy Campaign (TLC) were interviewed regarding their participation in the TLC. Of the 100 women, 34 had attended school earlier. Four of the 34 women were still attending school. Most respondents were motivated to join the TLC by young literacy volunteers living in their neighborhoods. Although most women joined the TLC on their own initiative, most had husbands, parents, or children who supported their participation in the campaign. Most respondents had positive opinions about the literacy volunteers; however, not all of them liked attending literacy classes. Although all the respondents had completed the three TLC primers, only 16% were able to reach the National Literacy Mission norm when tested. By and large, the respondents did not use their newly acquired reading, writing, and numeracy skills in their everyday lives. When asked whether literacy had changed their personal and family lives, many respondents did not initially answer positively. When probed, however, they acknowledged some changes in their lives after acquiring literacy skills. (Contains 28 references.) (MN)
- Published
- 1995
88. Education and Training for the Informal Sector, Volume 2: Country Case Studies. Occasional Papers on Education, Serial No. 11.
- Author
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Overseas Development Administration, London (England). and Leach, Fiona
- Abstract
This publication is a companion volume to a research report that examined local, national, and international interventions and initiatives aimed at promoting education and training for the informal sector. It provides four case studies on types of initiatives being taken by a wide range of actors in the area of education and training. "Ghana" (Osei Boeh-Ocansey) addresses how the government realizes that employment opportunities in the formal sector of the economy will continue to be limited; therefore, educational reforms are now emphasizing the acquisition of skills that promote self-employment and entrepreneurship. "Kenya" (Henry Oketch) reviews strategies that individuals, the government, and nonprofit organizations are using to improve skills in the informal sector. It identifies nine different types of agencies or processes providing skills for self-employment. "India" (Keith D'Souza, Liza Thomas) focuses on the activities of four nongovernmental organizations working in the field of nonformal education in the state of Gujarat. Their emphasis is on capacity building rather than on employment generation or job skill development. "Chile" (Graciela Messina) compares two training programs for unemployed youth to develop a series of reflections on the role that training for the informal sector ought to play. It concludes that the government is more concerned with employment policies than with training policies. (YLB)
- Published
- 1995
89. Comparison of efficacy of filter paper cyanmethemoglobin method with automated hematology analyzer for estimation of hemoglobin.
- Author
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Kumar, Lalit and Kangle, Ranjit
- Subjects
- *
HOSPITALS , *HEMOGLOBINS , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *AUTOANALYZERS , *HEMATOLOGY , *CROSS-sectional method , *HEMOGLOBINOMETRY , *BLOOD collection , *T-test (Statistics) , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *COLLECTION & preservation of biological specimens , *DATA analysis software , *STATISTICAL correlation - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Screening of hemoglobin (Hb) before blood donation is one among the vital tests. It is performed to select a blood donor to prevent the collection of blood from an anemic person. However, no accurate, cost-effective, reliable, and standardized method is available to estimate Hb. OBJECTIVE: The aim is to evaluate the efficacy of filter paper cyanmethemoglobin (FPCH) method with the automated hematology analyzer in the estimation of Hb concentration for screening of a suitable donor. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study in which the blood samples of 2000 patients visiting KLE's Dr. Prabhakar Kore Charitable Hospital, Belagavi, were collected in vials and directly estimated for Hb using automated hematology analyzer. To evaluate the efficacy of FPCH, 20 μL of blood sample was transferred onto Whatman filter paper and dried at room temperature. After drying, it was placed in 5 mL of Drabkin's solution for 30 min. Optical density was estimated by measuring the absorbance. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The correlation coefficient, paired t-test, and difference between the means of both the methods were calculated. RESULTS: The mean Hb estimated by FPCH was 11.25 g/dL and automated hematology analyzer gave 11.35 g/dL. The difference in the means of both the methods was 0.1 g/dL. Paired t-test was done to test the level of significance and the result was 8.151 (95% confidence interval: 0.08–0.13 g/dL, P < 0.001). The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.976 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: FPCH is an efficient method, which is comparable to the automated hematology analyzers for Hb estimation. It could be used as an alternative screening tool for detection of Hb in a blood donation camp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
90. An Investigation of the Re-Entry Adjustment of Indians Who Studied in the U.S.A. Occasional Papers in Intercultural Learning, Number 17.
- Author
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AFS International/Intercultural Programs, Inc., New York, NY. Center for the Study of Intercultural Learning. and Hansel, Bettina
- Abstract
This study explored the readjustment experience of 49 Indians who came to the United States to study and then returned to their home country. Interviews revealed that most experienced some stress or difficulty after their re-entry, with problems ranging from initial anxiety about getting a job or shock at the crowded conditions, pollution, or the frustrations of power and telephone outages, to an intense period of depression and alienation. A few who had been back in India for 4 to 5 years were still having a difficult time, while some students who had been back for less than a year seemed quite comfortable with their lives in India. Twelve interviewees specifically mentioned that they "think about going back" to the United States. Factors in difficult re-entries related to cultural differences, economic differences, changes in values, and having to make adjustments in many aspects of their lives such as changing family roles and changing from student life to work life. Profiles of five returned students are presented to illustrate their very different re-entry experiences. Issues discussed include returning to mutual dependence in the family, marriage and family, the job search, the work environment, national identity, attitudes, and coping strategies. (Contains 14 reference notes.) (JDD)
- Published
- 1993
91. Geographic Distribution, Number, and Types of Papers Published in International Cytopathology Journals in the Last 5.5 Years: A Perspective from India.
- Author
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Dsouza JM
- Subjects
- Humans, Journal Impact Factor, India, Cytology, Periodicals as Topic
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
92. Commentary on Paper by S. Kalyanaraman and B Ramamurthi Primary Brain Stem Injury, Neurology India 17, 68-72, 1969.
- Author
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Tandon PN
- Subjects
- Humans, India, Brain Stem
- Abstract
Competing Interests: None
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
93. Electronic versus paper-based data collection for conducting health-care research: A cost-comparison analysis.
- Author
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Chaudhuri S, Bagepally BS, Bhar D, and Reddy Singam UK
- Subjects
- Humans, India, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Software
- Abstract
Background: Containing expenditure and efficient resource use is essential to limit the increasing costs of health research. Electronic data collection (EDC) is thought to reduce the costs compared to paper-based data collection (PDC)., Objectives: As economic evidence in this area is scanty, especially in low- and middle-income countries, the objectives of the study are to perform an economic evaluation and compare the cost between EDC and PDC., Methods: A cost-comparison study was conducted to compare between EDC and PDC from the institutional perspective for the year 2018, based on a community-based survey. Step-down cost accounting was adopted with a bottom-up approach for cost estimation. Total and unit costs were estimated with the base case comparison between EDC and PDC while using SPSS software (e-SPSS and p-SPSS, respectively). We conducted scenario analyses based on the usage of different software, R and STATA for both EDC and PDC (e-R, p-R, e-STATA, and p-STATA, respectively). One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was performed to examine the robustness of the observed results., Results: In the base-case analysis, total costs of EDC and PDC were ₹72,617 ($1060.9) and 87,717 ($1281.5), respectively, with estimated cost reduction of ₹15,100 ($220.6). In other scenarios, the estimated cost reduction for e-R, e-STATA, p-R, p-STATA was ₹-274 ($4.0), 98 ($1.4), 14826 ($216.6), and 15,002 ($219.2), respectively, when compared to EDC-SPSS. On one-way and PSA, the results of the cost-comparison analysis were robust., Conclusion: EDC minimizes institutional cost for conducting health research. This finding will help researchers in efficiently planning for the budget for their research.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
94. Research on Funding Agencies in the Field of Mechatronics in Global Scenario.
- Author
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Hulloli, Praveen B.
- Subjects
MECHATRONICS ,RESEARCH funding - Abstract
The present study aims to bring out the contributions, funding and un-funding publications in the field of Mechatronics in global scenario. The study focuses on country-wise distribution, funding and un-funding in the field of Mechatronics paper publications, type of documents, top funding agencies and top funding journals. Compared to other subjects of science and technology the field of Mechatronics has seen considerably less number of papers being published. Statistics shows that approximately 1% of publications are done in the world as compared to 30 to 35 percent in other fields. The total number of published papers in the said field is3,359 with 46,043 citations. USA shares the highest portion with a total of 413 (12.27%) published papers and 7,157 (15.55%) citations, India stands twenty-fifth with total paper publications of 53 (1.58%) and 693 (1.51%) citations during a period of 20 years from 2001 to 2020. Out of 3,359 papers with 46,034 citations, 1,446 (43.05%) papers with 17,972 (39.04%) citations received funding and the remaining 1,913 (56.95%) papers with 28,062 (60.96%) citations received un-funding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
95. Contrarian Investment on Paper Gold in Digital Economy Platform - A Behavioral Study on Indian Market amidst COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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Suresh, Anli and R., Keerthika
- Subjects
SPECIAL drawing rights ,COVID-19 pandemic ,ELECTRONIC paper ,DIGITAL technology ,INDIVIDUAL investors ,GOLD coins - Abstract
Contrarian investment behavior on paper or Demat gold by private investors, India as a country cherishes the status of holding a large number of private investors in gold. Gold as a common term usually takes to the picture of multiple shaped ornaments made up of shiny yellow metal carrying huge value in society since ages to explore the search bit wider gives the option of Gold available in paper or Demat format. The concept of paper gold which has value without physical existence is quite a new concept to the current existing trend. The study focuses on such contrarian investment and their behavioral science on financial investment in the Indian Market amidst COVID-19 Pandemic. The objective of the study is to identify independent factors influence on contrarian investment on paper gold and investor's psychological behavior on decision making when rejecting the current trends over new instrument or investment pattern. This paper also identifies the role of gender in gold investment pattern and knowledge on gold being private investors who care higher rate of risk. The study has been conducted with the sample of 110 individuals through structured questionnaire and with the help of statistical tools "two way anova and correlation" has been carried. The study concluded how the contrarian investment was not based on the age of a private investor but qualification makes much difference on their behaviorin the Indian Market amidst COVID-19 Pandemic and the same type of influence on gender over preference of gold is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
96. Poster Papers.
- Subjects
- *
PLASMA exchange (Therapeutics) , *BLOOD collection , *TERTIARY care , *CONFERENCES & conventions - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
97. Leucaena for paper industry in Gujarat, India: Case study.
- Author
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KHANNA, N. K., SHUKLA, O. P., GOGATE, M. G., and NARKHEDE, S. L.
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,TREE farms ,FARMS ,FUELWOOD ,PAPER pulp ,BIOFERTILIZERS - Abstract
Copyright of Tropical Grasslands / Forrajes Tropicales is the property of International Centre for Tropical Agriculture - CIAT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
98. Video consultations with "Paper and Pen" health record: A path-breaking solution to troubleshoot acceptability of telemedicine practice in developing countries.
- Author
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Chander KR, Manjunatha N, Kumar CN, and Math SB
- Subjects
- Humans, Pandemics, Developing Countries, India, COVID-19, Telemedicine methods
- Abstract
Telemedicine is the delivery of health care from a distance. It also includes research and evaluation of such services using health data which are stored in "Electronic Health Record" (EHR) platforms. EHR has proved to be useful in monitoring health care delivery but setting up of such platforms is tedious and resource-consuming in developing countries. With the recent surge of telemedicine utility during the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine has emerged to be pivotal in reaching stranded patients needing care without EHR-based practice. The practice of patient health record (PHR)-based teleconsultations in India has demonstrated how a conventional "paper and pen" method can be combined to popularise telemedicine utility. Thus, use of PHR-based system to maintain health records would prove to be a pragmatic solution for physicians in low-resource settings to improve their reach to a larger population in need for the future., Competing Interests: None
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
99. Nutritional requirements for the elderly in India: A status paper.
- Author
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Tattari S, Gavaravarapu SM, Pullakhandam R, Bhatia N, Kaur S, Sarwal R, Rajkumar H, and Reddy GB
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Aged, Nutritional Status, Nutritional Requirements, Body Weight, India, Quality of Life, Diet
- Abstract
Advances in the medical field and healthcare sector during the last few decades have resulted in increased longevity. Increased lifespans have in turn led to a rapid global rise of the elderly population. However, ensuring the health and quality of life, especially in the context of chronic age-related ailments, among the growing geriatric population is a challenge. Ageing is associated with several changes in body composition including a decline in the lean body mass usually accompanied by an increase in body fat content which have a bearing on the nutrient requirements for the elderly. The nutrient requirements currently recommended for Indian adults are primarily computed using a factorial approach, that considers the cumulative loss of nutrients and is adjusted for optimal body weights and bioavailability. It is logical that physiological and metabolic changes associated with ageing influence several of these factors: body weight, lean mass, energy expenditure, nutrient retention and bioavailability and thus alter nutrient requirements compared to the adult population. Acknowledging these age-related changes, some international organizations have suggested nutrient requirements specific to the elderly. Given the contextual differences in physiology, caution needs to be exercised in adopting these guidelines for the Indian elderly. In addition, in the Indian context, there is sparse information on the diet and nutrient intakes vis-à -vis nutritional status and physiology of the elderly. This status paper highlights some of the pertinent issues related to nutritional requirements for the elderly that advocate a need for deriving nutritional requirements for the elderly in India.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
100. Evaluating the quality of scientific research papers in entrepreneurship.
- Author
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Yoganandan, G. and Vasan, M.
- Subjects
ENTREPRENEURSHIP ,CONCEPTUAL models ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,QUALITY standards ,PERIODICAL publishing - Abstract
The study aims to find the quality of research papers published in the domain of entrepreneurship in India. This study covers 100 research papers. A standardized measurement tool developed by the earlier researchers was used to evaluate the research quality. The data compiled using the measurement tool were analyzed with the support of the SPSS. The statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, Friedman's test, factor analysis, two-sample 't' test, and ANOVA are applied to analyze the data. The study findings reported that the quality of research papers published in the field of entrepreneurship is not up to the quality standards. The quality of multiple-author papers is better than single-author papers. Similarly, the quality of papers published by foreign authors is comparatively better than Indian authors. Further, the quality of papers published with the combination of foreign and Indian authors is substantially good. The quality of papers published in foreign journals is higher as compared with Indian journals. Further, the standard of papers published under the qualitative approach was comparatively better than the quantitative approach. The authors developed a Conceptual Model of Process and Product of Research (YOVA model). This model clearly shows that the whole research process yields six levels of research products. The study recommended that the researchers need to go for international collaborations to improve the quality of the publication. The funding agencies, higher learning institutions and research institutions should focus on enhancing research infrastructure. The study examined the validity of research articles searched by novice researchers in India in Google by using keywords related to entrepreneurship and, as such this non-focused approach is a big impediment to quality research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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