30 results
Search Results
2. Failure characteristics of some metals subjected to torsion only, and when subjected to combined torsion and compression.
- Author
-
Peirce, E. A.
- Subjects
METAL fatigue ,TORSION ,STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,FRACTURE mechanics ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) - Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Production Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Influence of the hydrostatic stress component on critical surface expansion in forging compound products.
- Author
-
Vorm, T., Bay, N., and Wanheim, T.
- Subjects
SEALING (Technology) ,SURFACES (Technology) ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,HYDROSTATIC pressure ,FORGING - Abstract
One of the most important process parameters in making compound products is the expansion of the bonding surface. Bonding is not obtained until a critical surface expansion, characteristic of the deformation process, is reached. This paper deals with an experimental investigation of the influence of a superimposed hydrostatic pressure on the critical surface expansion during a forging process. The critical surface expansion appears to decrease with increasing hydrostatic pressure. This may be due to the fact that the close contact between the materials necessary to obtain bonding is created by a micro-extrusion of the surfaces into each other. This may explain why the bond strength achieved by different processes, such as forging and extrusion, is quite different for the same value of the surface expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. THE EFFECT OF VARIATION IN YIELD STRESS ON SLIP-LINE FIELD SOLUTIONS.
- Author
-
Halling, J. and Mitchell, L. A.
- Subjects
DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,PLASTIC extrusion ,METAL extrusion ,SCIENTIFIC experimentation ,STRAIN hardening ,PLASTIC properties of metals ,INDUSTRIAL research - Abstract
The paper shows how the governing equations are modified by allowing a variation in yield stress throughout a deformation zone. The limitations imposed by these equations are discussed and a method is proposed to illustrate the effect of variable yield stress on the deformation pattern. From the study of a particular solution of plane strain extrusion, it is concluded that variation in yield stress should not markedly change the pattern of deformation from that appropriate to a non-hardening situation. This conclusion, therefore, gives support for the mean strain solution currently employed to accommodate strain hardening, particularly if this method is applied incrementally along the streamlines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1966
5. 38-THE EFFECT OF SPINNING CONDITIONS ON THE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF CORE-SPUN YARNS.
- Author
-
Balasubramanian, N. and Bhatnagar, V. K.
- Subjects
SPINNING (Textiles) ,STRENGTH of materials ,STRESS-strain curves ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,SPUN yarns ,SYNTHETIC textiles ,TEXTILE fibers ,TEXTILES ,TEXTILE research - Abstract
A critical assessment of the merits of core-spinning by means of comparisons of the strength and extension of core-spun yarns with all-staple-fibre yarns forms the basis of this paper. Core-spinning was done by introducing the filament under tension into the drafted strand as the latter entered the front rollers of the ring-frame. A 20-den (2.2-tex) nylon monofilament was used as core, and three types of staple-fibre covering were investigated. The effects of twist, pre-tension, and feeding arrangements on the geometrical disposition and tensile properties of the yarns were examined. Irnprovements in strength are, in general, realized at low twists by the incorporation of the filament and by further constraining it to occupy the core. The contribution of the components to the yarn strength and the process of breaking were also subjected to a detailed study. The studies reported provide an interesting insight into the extent of cohesion developed between the fibres during the straining of the yarn and its influence on the process of breaking and ultimately on yarn extension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1970
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. A Mechanical Analysis of Root Growth.
- Author
-
Morré, D. James and Bonner, James
- Subjects
PLASTICS ,POLYMERS ,COHESION ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,ELASTICITY ,MATERIAL plasticity ,INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry) - Abstract
1. The primary response contributing to an overall inhibition of root growth by IAA is a concentration dependent shortening of the period over which the roots elongate. 2. Deformation of root cell walls under constant, externally imposed load is composed of a plastic and an elastic component. These components are separable under the usual conditions of mechanical analysis. 3. Treatment of intact roots for one hour in the presence of concentrations of IAA that normally promote shoot growth and, therefore, inhibit root growth, results in formation of a concentration dependent, IAA-induced plasticity component, not observable in untreated roots. The change in deformability may be indicative of specific wall components either synthesized or altered in the presence of IAA. 4. Half-maximal plasticity is induced by ca. 5 × 10
-7 M of IAA, a concentration comparable to that for Avena coleoptiles. 5. Deformability induced by IAA-treatment is transient, reaching a maximum after approximately one hour. 6. That increased deformability may be associated with increased root growth is indicated by measurements of fresh weight changes of excised root sections in the presence and absence of IAA. The IAA-induced increase in fresh weight is also transient with a maximum after approximately one hour. The overall effect of IAA-treatment of root sections -is to reduce growth. 7. Ionic regulation of cell wall deformability is found to be similar to that reported for stem tissues. Addition of divalent calcium ions results in cell wall stiffening, an effect which is reversed in the presence of an excess of monovalent sodium or potassium ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 1965
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. 35--A STUDY OF NEEDLED FABRICS PART VII: THE TRANSFER OF FIBRES THROUGH THE WEB BY NEEDLING.
- Author
-
Hearle, J. W. S. and Choudhari, T. N.
- Subjects
FIBERS ,PLANT products ,RAYON ,ACRYLIC fibers ,SYNTHETIC fibers ,STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,WOOL ,ANIMAL fibers - Abstract
An account is given of a study of the extent to which fibres were pulled through the web during needling that was made by incorporating one layer of coloured fibres at various positions in a 50-layer web. The number of needle locations at which tracer fibres appeared and the number and length of fibres were determined. Further studies of the occurrence of interlocking loops on the surface of a needled fabric are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. 15--A REVIEW OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF KERATIN FIBRES.
- Author
-
Chapman, B. M.
- Subjects
KERATIN ,TEXTILE fibers ,WOOL ,STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,STRENGTH of materials ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,PLANT products ,CREEP (Materials) ,STRESS relaxation (Mechanics) - Abstract
A brief summary of the structure of keratin fibres is followed by a review of their mechanical and allied properties. Among these properties are tensile stress-strain properties, stress relaxation, and creep, and torsional stress-strain properties and stress relaxation. The mechanism of supercontraction, properties of set fibres and disulphide-reduced fibres, and thermal transitions in keratin are also discussed. Finally, the various theoretical attempts that have been made to explain these properties are critically reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Machine boring and the mechanical properties of hard rock
- Author
-
Handewith, Howard J
- Published
- 1970
10. 70--THE TENSILE AND BURSTING PROPERTIES OF STITCHED CLOSURES IN POLYPROPYLENE-TAPE SACKS.
- Author
-
Roberts, A.
- Subjects
POLYPROPYLENE ,BAGS ,MATHEMATICAL models ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,MATERIALS - Abstract
A study is reported of the bursting pressure and pressure-induced deformation for the stitched closure of inflated woven polypropylene-tape sacks with the 'flat' sides of the sacks constrained against fixed platens. This particular system was investigated as a simple analogue of a sack containing granular material and subjected to compressive forces on its "flat" sides. An Instron Tensile Tester was used to study the deformation behaviour to failure of cut-out samples of sack closure and sack fabric. An empirical model of bursting behaviour was derived from thin-walled-cylinder theory modified to suit bursting conditions for sacks. Instron-tester data are used to provide bursting limits, either force or extension at break, depending on how the model is formulated. The model is used to transcribe Instron-tester deformation into pressure deformation for comparison with actual inflation behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. On the Static Creep of Dental Amalgam.
- Author
-
VRIJHOEF, M. M. A. and DRIESSENS, F. C. M.
- Subjects
DENTAL research ,CREEP (Materials) ,STRESS corrosion ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,DENTAL amalgams - Abstract
A new equation is proposed for the description of the static creep of dental amalgam. It is satisfactory for a wide range of stresses and strain rates in static creep experiments during steady state. The hypothesis was confirmed that creep of dental amalgam is determined by the low melting phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Shubnikov-de Haas Effect Under Uniaxial Stress: A New Method for Determining Deformation Potentials and Band Structure Information in Semiconductors
- Author
-
Hathcox, Kyle Lee
- Subjects
- Shubnikov-de Haas effect, Deformations (Mechanics), Semiconductors, semiconductors, splitting parameters
- Abstract
The problem with which this investigation is concerned is that of demonstrating the applicability of a particular theory and technique to two materials of different band structure, InSb and HgSe, and in doing so, determining the deformation potentials of these materials. The theory used in this investigation predicts an inversion-asymmetry splitting and an anisotropy of the Fermi surface under uniaxial stress. No previous studies have ever verified the existence of an anisotropy of the Fermi surface of semiconductors under stress. In this work evidence will be given which demonstrates this anisotropy. Although the inversion-asymmetry splitting parameter has been determined for some materials, no value has ever been reported for InSb. The methods presented in this paper allow a value of the splitting parameter to be determined for InSb.
- Published
- 1972
13. 5--THE FINITE-DEFORMATION THEORY OF PLAIN-WEAVE FABRICS PART III: THE SHEAR-DEFORMATION THEORY.
- Author
-
Kawabata, S., Niwa, Masako, and Kawai, H.
- Subjects
SHEAR (Mechanics) ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,YARN ,TEXTILES ,TEXTILE fibers - Abstract
The over-all shear deformation, that is, the combined deformation of biaxial tensile and shear deformation is considered generally, and a theory by which the mechanical behaviour of fabrics in this slate can be determined is presented. Experiments are also described that were made to confirm the accuracy of these theories by using a new biaxial tensile tester for the measurement of the tensile and shearing properties of the fabrics and by using newly designed testing instruments for the measurement of yarn properties. Good agreement between the theoretical and observed data is shown, and the theories appear lo have considerable potentialities in the practical design of fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. 38--PHYSICAL CHANGES OCCURRING IN HEATED MAMMALIAN KERATIN.
- Author
-
Asquith, R. S., Otterburn, M. S., and Swift, J. A.
- Subjects
TEXTILE research ,TEXTILE industry ,TEXTILES ,TEXTILE fibers ,WOOL textiles ,SCANNING electron microscopes ,PROPERTIES of matter ,TEMPERATURE ,X-ray diffraction ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) - Abstract
An account is given of experiments in which samples of wool fibres were heated in an oven for various times, and at different temperatures, and examined in a scanning electron microscope. Samples were also subjected to the Allwörden test and to a dye-absorption test. It is shown that, on exposure to dry heat, wool fibres retain their physical shape and characteristics, even under severe conditions, the only major change initially being discoloration. Only at temperatures of 160°C and above are serious physical changes, such as scale deformation and changes in X-ray-diffraction patterns, observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1972
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. 28--THE BENDING AND CREASING OF MULTICOMPONENT VISCOELASTIC FIBRE ASSEMBLIES: PART II: THE MECHANICS OF A TWO-DIMENSIONAL ASSEMBLY OF LONG STRAIGHT FIBRES OF DIFFERENT TYPES.
- Author
-
Chapman, B. M. and Hearle, J. W. S.
- Subjects
TEXTILE fibers ,FIBERS ,VISCOELASTIC materials ,TEXTILES ,WEAVING ,CREASE-resistant textiles ,TORSION ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,NONWOVEN textiles - Abstract
A model two-dimensional assembly of long straight viscoeiastic fibres of many different types arranged in various directions is analysed in terms of bending, creasing, and associated recovery behaviour. The fibres are assumed to be viscoelastic in both bending and torsion and subject to frictional restraints in both these modes of deformation. It is assumed that the model is relevant to the bending and creasing behaviour of woven and non-woven fabrics composed of fibres of one or more types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1972
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. 27--THE BENDING AND CREASING OF MULTICOMPONENT VISCOELASTIC FIBRE ASSEMBLIES: PART I: GENERAL CONSIDERATION OF THE PROBLEM.
- Author
-
Chapman, B. M. and Hearle, J. W. S.
- Subjects
TEXTILES ,TEXTILE arts ,TEXTILE fibers ,FIBERS ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,VISCOELASTIC materials ,GEOMETRY ,TEXTILE research ,TEXTILE industry - Abstract
The problems involved in making a mechanical analysis of bending deformations in textile fabrics are discussed. It is suggested that progress can be made by making simplifying assumptions concerning the geometry of fabric structure and deformation and using energy considerations to calculate forces and moments. Certain simple examples are given of the usefulness of this approach. A foundation is laid for the construction of a computer model that will, it is hoped, simulate the viscoelastic bending and creasing behaviour of textile fabrics from a knowledge of the bending and torsional viscoelastic properties of the constituent fibre(s) and their relative geometrical arrangement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1972
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. 32--SELF-TWIST YARN.
- Author
-
Henshaw, D. E.
- Subjects
YARN ,TEXTILES ,FIBERS ,WOOL ,ANIMAL fibers ,SPINNING (Textiles) ,TEXTILE industry ,STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) - Abstract
A new type of yarn structure, which has been named self-twist yarn, is described. It is a two-ply structure in which both the strand and plying twists alternate S and Z along the yam. The strength properties of the yarn and their dependence on the various yam parameters are given for 60/64s wool fibres, and it is shown that the strength can approach that of conventional yarns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. A STUDY OF THE PARAMETERS MEASURED IN THE WRINKLING OF WOOL IN A FIXED-DEFORMATION TEST.
- Author
-
Taylor, D. S.
- Subjects
TEXTILE research ,TEXTILE industry ,TEXTILE fibers ,TEXTILES ,WOOL textiles ,WEIGHTS & measures ,PROPERTIES of matter ,STRESS-strain curves ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) - Abstract
In wrinkling tests based on angular recovery from a fixed deformation, constraints imposed on the fibres by virtue of yarn or fabric construction are of secondary importance. When ageing effects have been eliminated, this results in similar wrinkle-ratings for all fabrics. Any performance differences subjectively assessed during wear arise from either fabric deformability or optical effects caused by differences in curvature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. 38--THE EFFECTS OF PLANAR CRIMP IN THE MEASUREMENT OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FIBRES, FILAMENTS, AND YARNS.
- Author
-
SKELTON, J.
- Subjects
TORSION ,CRIMPING of textiles ,ELASTICITY ,FIBERS ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,PROPERTIES of matter ,YARN ,TEXTILES ,TEXTILE industry - Abstract
A theoretical investigation of the tensile, flexural and torsional behaviour of crimped filaments has been made; the relationships describing the filament behaviour are presented in graphical and in analytical form, and are verified experimentally. Two results are of particular importance in routine textile testing: it is shown that the Young's modulus of staple fibres measured with a tensile-testing machine is not subject to significant error caused by crimp; and a new expression is proposed which enables the optimum tension for the routine yarn-crimp test to be calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1967
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. 37--THE HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF WOOL FIBRES AND THEIR PLASTICITY.
- Author
-
BONÈS, RUTH M. and SIKORSKI, J.
- Subjects
CREEP (Materials) ,MATERIAL plasticity ,WOOL ,ELECTRON microscopy ,MICROTOMY ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,ELASTICITY ,ANIMAL fibers ,HISTOLOGICAL techniques - Abstract
The relation between the creep behaviour (plasticity) and the proportion of the orthocortical material (expressed as ortho/para ratio) in five lambs' wools has been examined by means of electron-microscope techniques, in conjunction with thin sectioning. No correlation was found between the amount of orthocortical material, on the one hand, and either plasticity or helical conformation (the latter estimated by other workers) on the other. These results are supported by the observation of the structural differences, greater than hitherto thought, within both cortical segments (as indicated by the considerable variation in metal absorption—'staining'), and it is believed that these have the primary effect on the plasticity. The cells of intermediate morphological appearance and reactivity (between those of the two bilateral segments and referred to as meso-type) have a secondary influence in this respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1967
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Effects of dislocations on the noise of planar p-n junctions.
- Author
-
Green, D. and Jordan, A.G.
- Subjects
SILICON diodes ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,ELECTRIC noise - Abstract
In this work edge dislocations are introduced by plastic deformation in silicon planar diodes. The effects of the dislocations on the electrical properties, especially noise are studied. The noise spectra for the diodes under forward bias conditions show that the shot noise is relatively unaffected by the dislocations, and the 1/f noise is only affected when the dislocations emerge at a surface near the junction. The most striking feature of the spectrum is the existence of a visible generation-recombination noise, which seems to be due to fluctuations in the occupation of trapping centers in the space charge region introduced by the dislocations.
In this work, silicon planar diodes have been deformed so as to introduce in them dislocations, in order to study the effects of the latter on the p-n junction characteristics. The main parameter which was investigated was the electrical noise caused by the dislocations. The shot noise was shown not to depend on the dislocations, and the 1/f noise was only affected when the dislocations emerged at the surface of the device near the junction. However, G-R noise was shown to be a function of the dislocation density. A theory was developed in which the G-R noise was attributed to an electron trapping process caused by the dislocations in the depletion region. The trapping model was shown to be in very good agreement with the experimental observations.
The main conclusion which can be drawn from this work is that dislocations in planar silicon diodes effect the noise spectra in two ways. The first way in which this occurs is that the 1/f noise is increased if the dislocations intersect a surface near the junction. The second way is that G-R noise is produced by fluctuations in the occupancy of traps caused by the dislocations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 1969
22. INTERRUPTING A MAP PROJECTION: A PARTIAL ANALYSIS OF ITS VALUE.
- Subjects
MAPS ,GRAPHICAL projection ,GEOGRAPHY ,DRAWING ,MATHEMATICS ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) - Abstract
Analyzes the value of interrupting a map projection. Maximum angular deformation; Mean deformation for the land areas; Requirements for the interruption of oval equal-area projections.
- Published
- 1953
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. AN OBLIQUE EQUAL AREA MAP FOR WORLD DISTRIBUTIONS.
- Subjects
MAPS ,GEOGRAPHY ,OBLIQUE projection ,GRAPHICAL projection ,DRAWING ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) - Abstract
Illustrates a particular oblique equal-area map for world distributions. Conceptual basis for oblique versus equatorial cases of world grids; Brief description of the particular base map; Angular deformation of the Sinu-Mollweide projection with two equatorial-case projections.
- Published
- 1953
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. ELASTIC AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HUMAN DENTIN.
- Author
-
CRAIG, R. G. and PEYTON, F. A.
- Subjects
DENTIN ,ELASTICITY ,PROPERTIES of matter ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,MECHANICS (Physics) - Abstract
The article analyzes the mechanical and elastic properties of human dentin. An experiment is described and results are discussed. The ultimate compressive strength of dentin was found to be 43,100 psi. Pure and retarded elastic deformation were determined to compose dentin's total deformation below the proportional limit.
- Published
- 1958
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Measurement of the Deflection of Dentin Disks Under a Condensation Type of Load.
- Author
-
SCHNELL, RICHARD J., SWARTZ, MARJORIE L., and PHILLIPS, RALPH W.
- Subjects
DENTAL caries research ,DENTIN ,MECHANICAL loads ,DENTAL amalgams ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,DENTAL pulp ,DENTAL cements - Abstract
A model was constructed to simulate a one surface cavity preparation. Dentin disks of varying thickness served as the pulpal floor of the model. The deflection of the cavity floor was monitored when forces of the type used in condensing amalgam and gold foil restorations were applied. Deflection of the dentin occurred under this type of loading. The amount depended on the magnitude of the load and thickness of the dentin. A cement base reduced the deflection of the cavity floor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1972
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Fracture of Dental Amalgam: Scanning Electron Microscope Study.
- Author
-
SUTFIN, L. V. and OGILVIE, R. E.
- Subjects
DENTAL amalgams ,SCANNING electron microscopy ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) ,INHOMOGENEOUS materials ,SILVER alloys ,MERCURY - Abstract
Stereographic scanning electron micrographs of the fracture surfaces of amalgam beams that were broken by bending, and of the surfaces of polished and etched specimens of both fine cut and spherical particle alloys, did not reveal discrete grain boundary segregations. However, evidence of microplastic deformation and intragranular inhomogeneities was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1970
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Deformation of Amalgam by Indenters.
- Author
-
BRADEN, MICHAEL
- Subjects
DENTAL amalgams ,INDENTATION (Materials science) ,DENTAL materials ,DENTAL fillings ,DENTAL metallurgy ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) - Abstract
Using steel spherical indenters, the relationship between indentation diameter and load was determined for a mature amalgam. The form of this relationship allowed the regions of elastic and plastic deformation to be identified; hence, Young's modulus and yield point could be calculated. Local contact stresses in the mouth also were estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1968
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. A study of some fundamental equations for the deformation of a variable thickness plate
- Author
-
Clayton, Maurice Hill and Engineering Mechanics
- Subjects
LD5655.V856 1961.C529 ,Deformations (Mechanics) ,Elastic plates and shells - Abstract
The approach to the problem of a variable thickness plate used in this paper is different from the usual approach in that this paper starts with general stress-strain relations and a generalized form of the position vector as used by Green and Zerna in "Theoretical Elasticity". They use R̅=L[ r̅ (θ₁,θ₂)+ λθ₃a̅₃(θ₁,θ₂)] where θ₁,θ₂, and θ₃ are curvilinear coordinates with θ₁ and θ₂ being the coordinates of the middle surface and λ=t/L being a constant for a plate of constant thickness t. This paper takes λ = λ(θ₁,θ₂) as a function of θ₁ and θ₂ so that the variable thickness may be taken into account. General tensor notation is used so as to work independent of coordinate systems. Making simplifying assumptions only when necessary, the equations of equilibrium and stress-strain relations are derived in terms of tensors connected with the middle surface as was done by Green and Zerna for a constant thickness plate. The additional terms obtained in these equations due to the variation in λ help us to evaluate the effects of the varying thickness. Expressions for stress are developed and they include the effects of transverse shear deformation and normal stress as well as the variation in thickness. These expressions are very much like those used by Essenburg and Naghdi in a paper presented at the Third U.S. National Congress of Applied Mechanics, June, 1958. However, they assumed the form for the stresses while the present paper arrived at their assumed forms with some additional terms after starting with general stress-strain relations. Using the notation of Green and Zerna, a set of nine equations involving the nine unknowns, m αβ, w, nαβ, and vα is derived and under appropriate boundary conditions, this set will yield a solution to the problem which will be better than the classical solution. Two problems are solved and numerical results are obtained and compared with the classical solutions. One of the problems involves a rectangular plate clamped on one edge with a uniform shear load on the other. The other problem involves a circular ring plate clamped on the outer edge with a uniform shear load on the inner edge. A much better correlation for the deflection of the middle surface is obtained for the rectangular than for the circular ring plate. The deflection at the inner edge of the ring plate obtained by the theory of this paper is over twice that obtained in the classical solution of the same problem. In the previously mentioned set of nine fundamental equations, we have the stress resultants nαβ and the deflections vα. With appropriate boundary conditions, these equations could lead to a study of in-plane forces and buckling of variable thickness plates, a field in which not much progress has been made. This paper does not include any numerical work in this direction. It is felt, however, that one of the principal contributions of this paper to the literature is that the set of nine fundamental equations includes the stress resultants in nαβ thus enabling us to study the effect of in-plane forces as well as that of transverse shear deformation, normal stress, and surface tractions. Ph. D.
- Published
- 1961
29. Deformation Geometry for Materials Scientists : International Series on Materials Science and Technology
- Author
-
C. N. Reid, W. S. Owen, C. N. Reid, and W. S. Owen
- Subjects
- Deformations (Mechanics), Materials
- Abstract
Deformation Geometry for Materials Scientists presents the study of macroscopic geometry of deformation, particularly on crystalline solids. The book discusses a wide range of topics on the deformation of crystalline materials. The text discusses concepts on stress and strain on materials and tensile tests. Linear elastic and plastic deformations; and the macroscopic geometry mechanism of slip and deformation twinning are covered as well. Materials scientists, engineers, and students of materials science will find this book a great reference material.
- Published
- 1973
30. Resistance and Deformation of Solid Media : Pergamon Unified Engineering Series
- Author
-
Daniel I. Rosenthal, Thomas F. Irvine, James P. Hartnett, Daniel I. Rosenthal, Thomas F. Irvine, and James P. Hartnett
- Subjects
- Deformations (Mechanics), Strains and stresses
- Abstract
Resistance and Deformation of Solid Media is an introduction to the analysis of the resistance and deformation of solid media, specifically when they behave under the application of external loading. The book includes different concepts such as the elastic, plastic, and viscous properties of different solid materials; the basic principles of equilibrium of forces and movements; continuity and deformation; the homogenous, uniaxial, and biaxial states of strain and stress with different materials; structural and material instability; and fracture. Aimed not only for future structural engineers but also all future engineers, this book provides information on the mechanical behavior of solid media and prepares its readers to a more advanced unified field theory.
- Published
- 1974
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.