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The pulp and paper industry encompasses a broad range of processes from wood harvesting to debarking, pulping, bleaching, papermaking, and converting operations. In relation to these processes and others, several uses of ultrasonics have been investigated. One generally distinguishes two main categories: (a) use of ultrasonic energy in process-related applications, and (b) ultrasonic measurement of pulp and paper materials. Examples of applications in the first category include recycled pulp deinking, pulp refining, and water stream clarification. The second category considers applications such as measurement of pulp consistency and evaluation of paper elastic stiffness properties. The paper proposes an overview of applications in both categories and an analysis of the status of ultrasound in the pulp and paper industry. Also, the use of acoustic radiation pressure to manipulate liquid-suspended particles and laser ultrasonics techniques to probe paper stiffness properties on moving paper are discussed.

Without clean power, pulp and paper equipment is subject to upsets or catastrophic failures. To cost-effectively eliminate power disturbances due to lightning, fast ringing transients and electrical noise, the use of surge protection devices at building entrance feeders, key branch panels, critical loads and communication lines is recommended. Their use improves the operating reliability of electronic equipment. The following guidelines are intended to help the engineer design reliable sources of power for paper industry equipment.

MotorMaster+ 2.0 is designed to support energy management functions at medium and large sized industrial facilities. Version 2.0 contains many new design features and modifications that have been proposed by industrial users. This paper highlights the software enhancements that should be of interest to those in the pulp and paper industry and illustrates how MotorMaster+ is successfully being used by a large forest products company.

Sample sheets of five kinds of papers (fine paper, newspaper paper, copy paper, semi-fine paper, and straw paper in 'hanshi' size) were each fixed on copper plates with acrylic resin paste or placed on copper plates or silicone rubber. In the case of both the fixed papers and the papers placed on silicone rubber under application of a certain load onto the sensor, the quartz-crystal tuning-fork impedance change decreased in the order listed above when the sensor's base was brought into contact with the papers. These results have been found to correspond with the ratio of pulp to recycled paper ingredient. This sensor functions as a paper-quality sensor capable of sensing the mixing ratio of pulp to recycled paper ingredient.

This paper focuses specifically on integral horsepower AC induction motors used in the pulp and paper industry. An analysis of the various winding stresses is presented. The different requirements for the two insulation systems are discussed (MG1-Parts 30 and 31 for General Purpose and Definite Purpose Inverter Fed Motors), and test results show the need for higher dielectric insulations when the voltage levels of Part 30 are exceeded. The differences between existing, rebuilt and new motors is also explored. To assist the reader with additional research an extensive reference section is provided.

Energy savings, better control of process and cost reduction in solid state technology have resulted in a substantial growth of variable frequency drives (VFDs) in the pulp and paper industry. With new incentives from utility (power) companies, the rate of growth will further increase, and some estimates suggest that by the next decade, 50% of all AC motors will be VFDs. Problems associated with nonlinear loads such as rectifiers, DC drives, etc. are well established and documented. Problems associated with application of VFDs are much greater and include: higher harmonic generation from PWM drives; harmonic resonance; overheating of power equipment and conductors; application of power factor correction capacitors; system grounding; and motor insulation failure from overvoltages. This paper describes these problems, their impact on power system and equipment, and suggests guidelines to circumvent them. >

Like other types of industry, the modern pulp and paper industry (MPPI) is applying more modern information technologies and management technologies, and is integrating the different function sub-systems and production processes to realize intelligent and integrated production. This task is very complex thus useful theories, technologies and methods are needed to provide help. At the same time, fierce competition in today's global markets and the heightened expectations of customers' need in TQCS (time, quality, cost and service), CIMS (computer integrated manufacturing systems) technology can help MPPI to win market share from competitors. CIMS-oriented information integration technology is the key control technology of MPPI. This paper mainly discusses the information integration of the modern pulp and paper industry. Firstly, the characteristics and requirement of modern pulp and paper industry for information integration are introduced. Next, information integration and its key technologies are discussed, in the meantime, the paper gives the hierarchy of CIMS-oriented process integration of MPPI. Then, the integrated information framework of MPPI is put forward.

Direct current (DC) motors are used extensively throughout the pulp and paper industry. These motors are used in various applications such as fan pumps, press and winder motors. The maintenance requirements of the motors are different for each application. An important maintenance function regularly performed is the inspection of carbon brushes and commutators. Carbon brushes are critical to the operation of the paper machine with DC motors. Worn or failed brushes can make a paper machine inoperable and cost thousands of dollars per hour. This paper discusses the different theories used for carbon brush application in the paper industry. The strength and weaknesses of each brush application theory are also addressed. In the end the "black magic" of carbon brushes is revealed. The goal of this paper is to educate new and old maintenance personnel on carbon brush and commutator performance criteria and upkeep, hence reducing overall maintenance cost.

This paper describes the experience of International Paper in the drive rebuild of their 3 Paper Machine.

Market requirements and competitive pressures are driving company owners to look inward at their value chain and core business. Maintenance organizations are now regarded as a business with specific responsibilities and performance requirements. Strategic maintenance business decisions are primarily based on the competitive pressure, workforce flexibility and the maturity of management to accept a paradigm shift towards good business management. This paper describes the five levels of outsourced maintenance provided, the performance requirements and the ability to introduce change by the supplier. Examples used are from the Australian Paper Industry who are proactively seeking business excellence due to their competitive pressures from overseas competitors.

The #2 Paper Machine at Sappi's Skowhegan, Maine Plant (USA) started up in September of 1986. It is a 300 inch wide coated free sheet paper machine driven by a 450 foot long lineshaft. Powering the lineshaft is a 4500 horsepower steam turbine. Due to an electrical power failure in 1996, the machine's lineshaft oversped and substantial damage occurred to the turbine's rotor and stator. This paper describes how five weeks of paper machine downtime was avoided by replacing the turbine with a 4000 horsepower electric motor.

The only way to keep up with the ever-increasing number of cars on roads is through constant change and improvement in the transportation infrastructure. Construction of new roads is constrained by space and financial resources. Therefore, there is a need to devise ways to make optimal use of the existing infrastructure. In this position paper, we describe a lane reservation system for highways. The idea is to allow drivers to reserve a slot on a high-priority lane by paying a premium price. The high-priority lane would provide congestion free travel between any two points on the highway. We describe the design of our system, the challenges that need to be solved and the evaluation methodology we are planning to adopt.

A low-power high-voltage physically-flexible driver is fabricated for passive-matrix plastic-substrate quick-response liquid powder displays (QR-LPD). A level-shifter circuit effectively reduces the power consumption and the chip area. The 2.3 times 21.4mm2 IC is thinned down to 35mum to obtain physical flexibility.

This paper investigates application of a multivariable control technique to the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear model of the paper machine pressurized head box. The proposed controller design is based on a feedback linearization and LQ optimization method. The method can stabilize the system at operating point. In the last, we simulated the performance of pressurized head boxes with the new controller.

Compact modeling has evolved considerably since SPICE was announced to the world in 1973. Many challenging model formulation problems have been solved, and model code itself has changed from being tightly integrated within simulators to being defined in a stand-alone manner. Decades of research led to the former, Verilog-A enabled the widespread adoption of the latter. This paper reviews key steps along both paths, with emphasis on the role of Verilog-A. There are still outstanding challenges, and these are outlined.

Automated production systems are design-to-order, custom-built mechatronic systems that are intended to deliver automation capabilities to satisfy the stakeholder requirements in the manufacturing/production domain. Traceability has its research root in requirements engineering (RE) and is defined as "the ability to describe and follow the life of a requirement". Such descriptions and followings have mainly been scoped within a single software project's process and artifacts. We argue that, in the context of automated production systems, the scope of traceability shall go beyond the software engineering boundary into the environments which the software is operated. We outline in this position paper our aim to define a new form of the trace links and to explore the role of these links in the RE of automated production systems. In particular, we adapt a formal interaction-oriented RE framework that focuses on specifying the commitments of participants rather than the goals of each individual participant. We then integrate model checking into the framework to elaborate when, why, and how much traceability should be instrumented. We demonstrate our approach with a bench-scale automated production system where model-driven engineering practices such as constructing and evolving SysML models are adopted.

This paper considers the design of a controller and a constraint-enforcement scheme for application to dualmode, autonomous and manual steering systems. A tracking controller is designed to track a desired pinion angle during autonomous operation, and to provide assistive torque during manual operation. The tracking controller is designed using H ∞ synthesis with tracking made possible via the solution to a full-information output regulation problem. A reference governor scheme is implemented in order to enforce constraints. Numerical simulations are presented corresponding to an aggressive step-steer maneuver in autonomous mode and show strict constraint enforcement.

Low-area energy-efficient security primitives are key building blocks for enabling end-to-end content protection, user authentication in IoT platforms. This paper describes 3 designs that employ energy-efficient circuit techniques with optimal hardware-friendly arithmetic for seamless integration into area/battery constrained IoT systems: 1) A 2040-gate AES accelerator achieving 289Gbps/W efficiency in 22nm CMOS, 2) Hardened hybrid Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) circuit to generate a 100% stable encryption key. 3) All-digital TRNG to achieve >0.99 min-entropy with 3pJ/bit energy-efficiency.

The history of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society's awards is discussed. The various categories and criteria for both the achievement and best paper awards are detailed; and the past winners are listed for the AP-S Distinguished Achievement Award, the Chen-To Tai Distinguished Educator Award, and the John Kraus Antenna Award.

Power attack is a critical challenge to security of encryption engines. Countermeasures to side-channel attacks often come at high power, area, or performance overhead. Therefore, design of side-channel secure encryption engines is a critical challenge for power-/resource-constrained platforms. This paper discusses that although low-power need imposes critical challenge for side-channel security, but circuit techniques traditionally developed for power management also present new opportunities for side-channel resistance. As a case-study, we show the feasibility of using integrated voltage regulator, normally used for efficient power management, for increasing side-channel resistance of AES engines.

This paper presents a sensitivity analysis of a health index of power transformers tool, in order to identify the importance of each input to determine most important and those that can be dismissed to simplify the calculation process without significantly affecting the effectiveness of answers. To achieve objective, a methodology based on a study case is proposed which, starting from a set of real scenarios, analyzes the variation of the output (health index) when each input (tests performed in oil) is varied.

Maintaining low and stable electrode contact impedances is critical for obtaining high quality signals in out-of-the-lab EEG units. Current EEG units measure the impedance of the electrode contacts by injecting an out-of-band, typically 1 kHz, current into the head. This high frequency component is easily isolated from the true EEG to avoid introducing artifacts, but does not give direct information on the contact impedance at the wanted cortical frequencies, typically at 5–30 Hz. This paper investigates two techniques for allowing simultaneous impedance measurements at 5–30 Hz for the first time. One method uses digital processing for removing the EEG artifact that continuous in-band impedance monitoring produces. The other uses a new 36 nW notch filter for removing the interference. Both are shown to allow impedance monitoring at 5–30 Hz while leaving minimal residual artifacts in the collected EEG traces.

info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//TEC2014-60283-C3-3-R/ES/NUEVOS MODELOS NO LINEALES COMPORTAMENTALES DE TRANSISTORES Y TECNOLOGIAS DE DISEÑO PARA AMPLIFICADORES DE POTENCIA DE BANDA DUAL PARA DRONES MULTICOPTERO LIGEROS To meet state-of-the-art specs in nonlinear circuit design for high frequency transceivers, we need computational efficient and reliable active device nonlinear models. Frequencydomain behavioral formulations, like X-parameters, have proven successful in this context. In this paper these formulations are exploited, through simplifications and transformations to the admittance/impedance domains, to algebraically guide the complex nonlinear design flow, in particular, in oscillator design. In addition, analytically the transistor behavioral model bandwidth can be extended, through the enhanced frequency scalability provided by the admittance domain. Simulations and measurements, HEMT and HBT devices will be used to validate the described approaches. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. TEC2014-60283-C3-3-R

A decentralized control scheme is proposed to address a spatially distributed paper machine control problem under industrial investigation. The methodology is based on constrained optimal control and tackles the complexity of the problem by solving local problems of small size, which are coupled through their performance objectives and constraints. Properties of the decentralized scheme are analyzed in detail and compared to the existing centralized receding horizon controller currently used in industry. In terms of the simulated example the decentralized controller can achieve similar performance to the centralized controller but at a fraction of the computational cost.

Feedforward of a new signal based on surface temperature measurements is introduced for the paper machine drying section and its performance is evaluated. Control of the moisture content is conventionally accomplished by adjusting the steam pressure in the cylinders. By adding feedforward to a previously presented mid-ranging control system using two manipulated variables, the disturbance rejection of the moisture control can be significantly improved.

The pulp and paper industry relies heavily on electric motors fed from adjustable speed drives (ASDs) to supply rotational power throughout various production processes. A wide range of performance demands are required of the ASDs, to meet product quality requirements and to optimize the efficiency of the paper making process. Intense global competition and the resulting financial consequences have affected trends in machinery designs, as well as maintenance practices and ultimately the expectations users have on ASD equipment. Several key considerations are mentioned that could improve the application of future generation ASDs.

Paper machine reel optimization is defined and explained. A case study is provided to support theoretical considerations. The impact of modern digital control systems on the reel optimization process is discussed.

The replacement with a standard programmable logic controller (PLC) of original machine drive system masters that were built with customized computer hardware and firmware difficult to enhance and maintain only twelve years after their introduction is discussed. The reasons for master upgrades, a number of alternate hardware and software solutions for upgrading the original master with a PLC, compatibility of functions of the new PLC master, and master controller communications with drives and operator stations are presented. It is shown that the open architecture of PLCs promises to increase drive options in the future. The framework of the discussion is a project in which a PLC replaced an early design of a digital paper machine drive master. >

Current flight line maintenance troubleshooting uses static fault isolation trees contained in paper based technical manuals. Future troubleshooting trends will automate the flight line diagnosis of system failures using portable maintenance aides (PMAs). The authors compare and contrast the future automated diagnostic approach to the paper based methodology of today. Field experiment results are also presented that quantify the differences between these two troubleshooting approaches. These field experiments conducted at Luke Air Force Base showed that enhanced maintenance performance was achieved when a diverse work force was equipped with PMAs. >

The use of flexible fiber optic cables on high-speed log handling cranes in the pulp and paper industry is described. On these machines, the fiber optic technology provides a noise free communication link for the control system and enables clear video signal transmission from the crane's legs through the festoon system to the drivers cabin to support the crane operators for safe truck unloading. A basic description of fiber optic transmission systems and an overview of the types of fiber constructions available are presented. >

The height limit gantry of urban viaducts has being playing an important role in the information management and traffic dispatch. However, it also limits special vehicles. This paper discusses and analyses three kinds of short-range wireless communication methods in detail (including ZigBee, Bluetooth and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)), establishes a transmission distance estimation model, analyses some information interferences of vehicles with different roads, designs to an implement quickly channel connection and an identify information for main slave communication modules. The communication slave module is assembled in special vehicles, which is connected with the communication main module in the height limit gantry. A main controller completes the feature recognition and the rise and fall of height limit gantry. The device improves the efficiency of emergency vehicles, with the rapidity, reliability and practicality.

Electrical distribution networks worldwide are facing frequent capacity challenges due to the widespread roll out of various distributed energy resources (DERs). A number of demand response (DR) mechanisms have been developed in order to circumvent the problems and enhance the flexibility of the distribution network. While the existing centralized control system remains its crucial role for reliable and secure grid operation, distributed intelligence is a complement technology with a focus on dividing the control task into a number of simpler problems and solve them with minimum exchange of information. Based on the recent developments of distributed intelligence, this paper discusses a decentralized approach to enable demand response for managing the congestions more efficiently. The approach is validated with simulations for representative Dutch low-voltage (LV) networks.

A number of evolutions of the SpaceWire standard [1] and usage recommendations have been developed over the past decade. As a result, the original standard is slowly evolving towards a so-called SpaceWire-2 (SpW-2) standard family, covering legacy SpaceWire, SpW-Rev1 and SpaceFibre [2],[3]. Besides other use cases that are mainly covered through on-going actions structured through the SAVOIR-UNION working group [4], the requirements of the future on-board network systems should also cover the needs of space robotics which is a rapidly evolving engineering discipline and one of the potential space applications of SpaceWire-2. This paper presents a number of robotics-specific needs that should be taken in consideration for the definition of SpW-2, and investigates the capabilities provided by the SpaceWire standard and evolutions (SpW rev1 and mainly SpaceFibre).

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) aims at replacing proprietary hardware appliances with software running on a standardized, general purpose computing platforms. Recently, the concept has gained traction in the industry and major deployments have been announced. However, benchmarking the performance characteristics of virtualized network functions (VNFs) is still an active research topic. VNFs are supplied as software that is operated on the NFV infrastructure (NFVI) of a telecom provider. The performance as well as the accuracy and precision of performance measurements of VNFs are influenced by the NFVI they are running on. Furthermore, due to the introduction of new VNFs and NFVIs, a sharp increase in the need to conduct benchmarks is expected. Despite various efforts in this area by the research community and the industry there is no common understanding on how to approach this issue. To foster a common understanding in this area a structured approach to developing benchmarks for VNFs is proposed in this paper. The approach focuses on the most significant concepts and defines clear boundaries between them. The need to increase the efficiency of developing VNF benchmarks is addressed by the introduction of a hierarchical model with the aim to enable reuse of VNF benchmark components and results.

SOI-SOC3 is a radiation hardened space-grade SOC implementing reliable SpaceWire protocol such as SpaceWire-R and SpaceWire-D. SOI-SOC3 realizes high performance in SpaceWire link speed, reliable communication technology such as data division, retransmission control, and real-time communication using time synchronization and scheduling system. These technologies are based on SOI-SOC2 technology that realized high throughput, radiation hardened, and low power consumption using commercial SOI process technology. Since such reliable SpaceWire communications are realized by various middleware, users can use reliable SpaceWire protocols just by calling specific APIs. Due to its reliability, SOI-SOC3 is applicable to not only space-grade products but also wide range of fields requiring high reliability and environment resistance such as power plants and medical devices. We have been planning to port cFE/cFS (Core Flight Executive/Core Flight System) to SOI-SOC3. Before manufacturing ASIC, we have evaluated basic function of SpaceWire on SOI-SOC3 implemented on FPGA. In this paper we describe the evaluation results of SpaceWire function of SOI-SOC3 evaluation board and its software including middleware.

The AIT/AIV spacecraft test campaign undergoes an electrical verification program for all the units and instruments. The SpaceWire standard calls for LVDS signals in the physical layer and these are considered critical because the present LVDS technology is capable to drive signals up to 400 Mbit/s with low common mode voltage. Reliable SpaceWire communication can be difficult in the presence of induced noise, ground level differences, impedance mismatches, failure to effectively bias for idle line conditions, and other hazards associated with installation of a SpW network within the spacecraft. Therefore, the verification steps of SpW signals are very important and they shall be addressed with special care. Moreover, the new revision of the SpaceWire standard ECSS-E-ST-50-12C∗ rev.1 (currently under review) defines new requirements for the SpW signals in particular for the skew and the jitter budget and the margins. In addition, responsibilities for the two main actors (i.e. the unit manufacturer and the cable assembly manufacturer) are defined via jitter and skew budget calculation. All these aspects motivated ESA to the internal development of boards to perform the new requirement tests. This paper will summarize the related test campaign and the test coverage of various clauses of the new revision of the standard. A comprehensive plan and recommendations for the validation measurement of SpW link from the design to the final qualification/acceptance is proposed, distinguishing responsibilities among system architect, component manufacturer, unit supplier, cable assembly manufacturer and system integrator. References to on-going ESA projects will be presented. The effect on the overall skew and jitter budget calculation is discussed as well.

SpaceFibre is a multi-Gbits/s, on-board network technology for spaceflight applications, which runs over electrical or fiber-optic cables. SpaceFibre supports multi-lane, thus allowing data to be sent over several individual physical lanes to enhance throughput and robustness. This is required by new generation payloads, such as SAR and multi-spectral imaging instruments. This paper describes the development of the multi-lane capabilities of SpaceFibre and its successful hardware implementation on space-qualified devices. The protocol has been designed to work with an arbitrary number of bidirectional or unidirectional lanes. In the event of a lane failing, SpaceFibre multi-lane mechanism supports hot redundancy and graceful degradation by automatically spreading traffic over the remaining working lanes. User data transfer is resumed in just a few microseconds without any data loss. These advanced capabilities are not provided in other high-speed link protocols available for space applications.

STAR-Dundee recently released a number of new SpaceWire test and development products based on a single hardware platform and supported by a single software platform. This paper will describe the modular design that makes this possible and the advantages, both to STAR-Dundee and to users, of this system.

For those responsible for the design and implementation of a SpaceFibre network it is essential to be able to capture and view the traffic on a SpaceFibre link in order to help validate the link is operating as expected and debug the link should any unexpected behaviour be observed. STAR-Dundee Ltd have developed hardware independent SpaceFibre Link Analyser software for this purpose. This paper describes how the software views, combined with the traffic capture capabilities of the STAR Fire unit, can be used to perform SpaceFibre link analysis.

This paper presents the approach used by the BepiColombo data management subsystem and its SpaceWire network to handle system resets following major anomalies and to ensure availability of communication with the payload and platform units. The system autonomy requirements are presented with a discussion on how they drive the robust implementation of the data management subsystem. Two on-board SpaceWire networks are presented accompanied by an overview of the SpaceWire links, the link failure scenarios, and a description of the functions needed to manage the network. The network management functions are mapped to specific nodes in the SpaceWire network which enables the data management subsystem to initialize the network, detect failures, perform recovery actions, ensure network availability for critical nodes; and that the data transmission performance is acceptable with specific protection against excessive data transfer to the on-board computer. The role of each unit in the SpaceWire network and their contribution to the overall data management subsystem is described.

Direct Current (DC) line balanced SpaceWire is attractive for a number of reasons. Firstly, a DC line balanced interface provides the ability to isolate the physical layer with either a transformer or capacitor to achieve higher common mode voltage rejection and/or the complete galvanic isolation in the case of a transformer. Secondly, it provides the possibility to reduce the number of conductors and transceivers in the classical SpaceWire interface by half by eliminating the Strobe line. Depending on the modulator scheme — the clock data recovery frequency requirements may be only twice that of the transmit clock, or even match the transmit clock: depending on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) decoder design. In this paper, several different implementation scenarios will be discussed. Two of these scenarios are backward compatible with the existing SpaceWire hardware standards except for changes at the character level. Three other scenarios, while decreasing by half the standard SpaceWire hardware components, will require changes at both the character and signal levels and work with fixed rates. Other scenarios with variable data rates will require an additional SpaceWire interface handshake initialization sequence.

This paper will describe the various modules and daughter cards under development. Interconnects between these modules will be highlighted with special emphasis on SpaceWire ports, routers and backplane routings. Performance of the modules and their interconnects will be summarized. SpaceVPX Backplanes, cabling and test equipment for bringing up and testing these modules will be described highlighting leveraging of COTS elements.1

The GR718B is a standalone, radiation tolerant, 18x-port SpaceWire router, enhanced with support for 64 interrupts, SpaceWire-D and SpaceWire standard revision 1. A brief overview of the design background of this device is provided herein. The main design features of the GR718B are also described in this paper. A short summary of the screening and qualification flows for space qualification of the GR718B is given herein. GR718B prototypes have already passed functional and electrical verification and the first flight lot of GR718B is now in its final stage of space qualification. The main outcome the Single Event Effects testing of the GR718B are given here and support the choice of radiation hardening features selected for the design of this device.

Commercial-off-the-shelf photonic components designed for datacenter or industrial applications do not typically satisfy the environmental ruggedness requirements of aerospace applications. In order to reduce costs and schedule risk for insertion of photonic components into these harsh-environment applications, we developed ruggedized photonic transceiver modules for aerospace fiber-optic datalink applications up to 5 Gbps. We then performed reliability and environmental testing to demonstrate that these modules meet or exceed many of the requirements of these applications. In this paper we present performance characteristics and results of reliability and environmental tests for these transceiver components.

SpaceFibre is a new technology for use onboard spacecraft that provides point-to-point and networked interconnections at Gigabit rates with in-built Quality of Service and Fault Detection, Isolation and Recovery. The SpaceFibre standard is virtually finished, with the ECSS standardisation activity to be ended this year. There is a need for equipment to support the development and testing of applications of the entire protocol stack. This paper describes the new generation of SpaceFibre equipment designed for this purpose. They provide users with several options for platforms and connectors, such as FMC, USB 3.0, cPCI, PXI, PXIe and SpaceVPX. The number of platforms supported and the flexibility of the equipment provides the end user with a broad range of options to include SpaceFibre in their current system design. This helps to promote the adoption of SpaceFibre technology. A number of designs using the equipment here described is currently available or under development. They include the SUNRISE SpaceFibre Router and the Multilane SpaceFibre interface, among others. When combined, these new boards and designs offer a powerful and rich set of tools to help with SpaceFibre designs.

SpaceWire is integrated networking technology where the data packets and control traffic in the form of hard real-time signals are transmitted throw the same links of communication network. Last decades for hard real-time signals transmission in onboard networks the specialized buses like CAN and MIL-STD 155b and sideband signals were used. All buses have the property that the signal from the source node to all other nodes propagates simultaneously, so there is no jitter for signal delivery. When the industry moves to a common communication medium for control and data traffic transmission through network with routing switches and point-to-point connections, there is a problem of synchronization hard real-time signals delivery from the source to all other nodes because of different distance (number of switches and link speeds in a path) between source and receiver. There are many different algorithms and methods for the system time synchronization. In this paper we consider the questions of delivery synchronization of distributed interrupts which intended to control and inform the devices about critical system events in hard real-time.

The data transmission rate required for the earth observation satellites is in the order of Gbps because of the enhanced performance of the observation sensors. However, the data transmission rate is approaching to the capable limits due to the issues of increased loss caused by the connectors or wires connected. In addition, there is another issue of the transmission irruption due to the vibration during the satellite launch. The transmission technology using the non-contact connector which has high vibration tolerance against the lossy wire connection systems is proposed and this paper describes the advantages of the non-contact connector, consisting of Transmission Line Couplers (TLC). With the transmission characteristics analysis of the connector and the design concepts, analysis of actual measurement results reveal that 15 m cables transmission of 2.5Gbps and BER less than 10−12 is feasible.

The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite R-Series Program (GOES-R) mission is a joint program between National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). GOES-R project selected SpaceWire as the best solution to satisfy the desire for simple and flexible instrument to spacecraft command and telemetry communications. GOES-R development and integration is complete and the observatory is scheduled for launch October 2016. The spacecraft design was required to support redundant SpaceWire links for each instrument side, as well as to route the fewest number of connections through a Slip Ring Assembly necessary to support Solar pointing instruments. The final design utilized two different router designs. The SpaceWire standard alone does not ensure the most practical or reliable network. On GOES-R a few key hardware capabilities were identified that merit serious consideration for future designs. Primarily these capabilities address persistent port stalls and the prevention of receive buffer overflows. Workarounds were necessary to overcome shortcomings that could be avoided in future designs if they utilize the capabilities, discussed in this paper, above and beyond the requirements of the SpaceWire standard.