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Research papers published by Chinese and Indian researchers during 1998-2007 and cited at least 100 times by end of 2009 are analysed. There were 776 papers with at least one author from India (amounting to 0.32% of all papers from India) and 2260 papers with at least one author from China (0.4% of all papers from China) that have gone on to be cited at least 100 times. We have identified prominent authors and institutions, journals used and fields of research. Although highly cited Chinese papers were cited on average less often than the highly cited papers from India, Chinese authors have been able to place their papers in high impact journals such as Nature and Science far more often than Indian authors. The Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai and Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore are the prominent Indian institutions, whereas universities in Hong Kong, Peking University, Tshing Hua University and several institutions under the Chinese Academy of Science dominate in China. In terms of citations, Chinese National Human Genome Centre Shanghai, Shanghai, tops the list. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) together accounted for about 17.3% of total research papers in science and engineering published in 2011 compared to 7.6% in 1995, whereas their contribution to total doctorates produced in science and engineering in 2010 was 31.2% of the world total. India held second position in 1995 amongst BRICS countries and was behind Russia, whereas in 2011, China not only replaced Russia but also attained second position in publishing science and engineering research papers in the world, next only to USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tamarind is widely consumed as fruit and spices in India. Tamarind contains pulp, seeds, shell and fibres. The pulp, which makes up between 30 and 50% of the mature fruit, is rich in reducing sugars, pectin, protein, fiber, and cellulose substances. Study of various physical engineering properties such as moisture content, fruit size, length, width, thickness, and weight (pulp, seed, shell, etc.) is important for designing the post-harvest machineries of tamarind. Major unit operations for processing of tamarind includes drying, dehulling, deseeding, pressing and storage. Traditional and mechanical approaches are used for these operations. Mechanical approaches of tamarind processing are carried out by dehuller and deseeder machinery. One of the crucial unit procedures in the processing of tamarind is deseeding which can be done by deseeder, mechanically. Processing of raw tamarind into value-added goods may increase its worth in addition to increase in shelf life. Additionally, it boosts the income of producers and processors. Value added products of tamarind are pulp, tamarind juice concentrate, tamarind pulp powder, tamarind pickle, tamarind jam, tamarind syrup, tamarind candy, tamarind kernel powder, dried fruit block, tamarind chutney and beverages. Tamarind is also rich in major amino acids phytochemicals and hence it carries the properties of antidiabetic, antibacterial, antivenomic, antioxidant. This paper provides an overview of the engineering properties, processing technologies, value added products, technologies and machineries developed/available for tamarind and its health benefits which will further help in machinery, protocol, technology and product design and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Roads are one of the major contributing factors for the economic and social enhancement of any country. Its importance further increases if the economy of a country is based on agriculture. From the total land area of India, more than 20% is covered with soils having high swelling and shrinkage potential and low strength. Any type of construction over such soils will not last long due to subsidence and crack formation. So, in order to overcome such situations, some soil stabilization techniques have to be adopted, since removal and replacement will lead to heavy economic burden. This paper presents the effect of adding rice husk ash (RHA) and stone dust on various index and engineering properties of weak soil. Various doses of RHA (5, 10 and 20%) along with 6% cement and stone dust (10, 20, 30 and 40%) are used for stabilization. Tests are carried out to determine consistency limits, specific gravity, differential free swell, compaction characteristics and soaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR). Test results indicated significant reduction in swelling potential and improvement in CBR value of soil, thus decreasing the thickness requirement of pavement and saving costly base and sub-base aggregate materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes 5677 research publications that Haryana had contributed in the area of engineering science during the last ten years (2005-14). The publications data was sourced from Scopus International database. The findings reveal that Haryana achieved significantly faster growth rate in engineering science (22.59% CAGR) but witnessed low level citation impact of 4.40 citations per paper, contributed merely 20 highly cited papers, and accounted for very low share (9.79%) of international collaborative papers in its total output during 2005-14. Engineering field with 52.37% share dominated Haryana's publications output in engineering science whereas the other sub-fields (materials science, computer science, chemical engineering and energy) were distant cousins in engineering science. The top 20 most productive organizations output in Haryana had average productivity of 205.1, averaged 4.91 citations per paper, averaged h-index of 12.5, and averaged 8.68% share of international collaborative publications. The top 20 most productive authors with affiliations to Haryana had average productivity of 49.9, averaged 6.68 citations per paper, averaged h-index of 6.61, and averaged 6.51% share of international collaborative publications during 2005-14. The research papers contributed by Haryana are scattered thinly across journals given the fact that top 25 journals had accounted for as low share of 16.29%.of total output (5677) by the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC), an organ of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, promotes research in new and emerging areas of science and engineering by way of extending financial support to different agencies. During the financial year 1999-2000, SERC provided financial support amounting to approximately Rs 551 million to 270 project investigators in various disciplines of science and engineering. The present article examines the publication output of these investigators using SCI CD-ROM for the years 2000-02 and the citations received by these papers during 2000-03. Activity and attractivity profile of different agencies in different disciplines and their impact based on different impact indicators like citation per paper and relative quality index have been studied. The article also examines the communication behaviour of these investigators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the phenomenon of offshore outsourcing and relates it to the history and current state of engineering education and the engineering profession in Europe and the USA. In order to assess the climate affecting employment decisions by and about engineers we have used as sources mostly the serious press, with an emphasis on material dating from 2004 forward. The authors conclude that despite anxiety about the out-migration of engineering and technical jobs to places such as India and China, there is reason to see offshoring as the result of Western investment in capacity building in developing countries and to believe that the creation of new jobs will outpace the rate of job loss in Europe and the USA. The paper should serve as a prod to policy-makers and educators to set about creating an environment in which highly educated engineers and technical employees can continue a pattern of economic revitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a novel power system laboratory at Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya (B.V.M.) Engineering College, Gujarat, India, where every experiment was designed, wired and commissioned through senior design projects. The experiments on power system protection are especially unique in terms of their design and implementation and will be highlighted in this paper. They provide a real substation-like operating environment. Through these projects, the students, in addition to getting familiar with the fundamentals of protection, learned how different protection schemes are wired and how they operate in a real power system. For the institute, a quality laboratory was established at a low cost, which is a crucial issue for most colleges in many parts of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses a comparative study of h and g indices of prominent scientists from India in five selected subject fields viz. Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science, Engineering and Medicine. It throws light on various indices proposed by different scientists from 2006 to 2015. The analysis of the present study is based on publications and citations data extracted from the Web of Science for the time span 1999-2014. It is evident from the study that almost all authors' g-index is higher than that of h-index. The average g/h of all subjects' authors is around 1.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the analysis of doctoral dissertations awarded by Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU). The primary objective of this study is to understand the growth and development of research activities of VTU in the past 13 years. The data for the present study has been collected from two authenticated sources: (a) the data published in the University News: a weekly journal from the Association of Indian Universities and (b) the VTU website (http://www.vtu.ac.in/). There are 250 doctoral degrees awarded from 2007 to 2011, in 14 engineering and allied domains. The data relating to research growth and development were analysed and presented under 9 heads viz., chronological, department-wise, frequency-wise, rank-wise distributed doctoral dissertations, productivity of supervisors, ranking of research supervisors, and rank wise distribution of research centers. The authors analysed the bibliographic details of doctoral degrees awarded by VTU. The present situation is that, on an average 50 doctoral degrees are being awarded in a year. In 2010 and 2011 the research output traced significant growth with the awarding of 156 (62.40 %) doctoral degrees. Substantial research was carried out in mechanical (40.40 %) engineering department. It was also observed that 169 research supervisors are presently engaged in guiding doctoral students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper depicts the findings of the survey research covering 65 engineering institutions which are recognised as research centres in the state of Karnataka, India. Responses have been sought from research supervisors and research scholars as to the extent of the use of obsolete grey collections. Opinions have also been captured from the chief librarians of the 65 research institutions as regards the ways of managing the obsolete grey literature. The following are the areas covered in the study in respect of obsolete grey resources available in these 65 research libraries. • Demand for GL in engineering sciences and technology • Grey Literature collection in English and Foreign languages • Process of weeding-out of obsolete grey literature • Reasons for weeding out of old GL collections • Extent of the use of old GL collections • Weeding-out vis-à-vis Relegation of obsolete GL collections. The study was undertaken during 2007-2010 with the objective of understanding the pattern of obsolescence and the method followed in the libraries to manage the old GL collections in the engineering research institutions. The findings also project the practical methods followed by various libraries as to the weeding out process. Importance of old collections of GL for research vis-à-vis weeding out process adopted by the libraries have been depicted in the study based on the opinions exposed by 1270 researchers, which account for 84.6% of the total population. The summary or core of findings eventually shows that 66.4% of the research supervisors and research scholars hold the view that old collection of GL is of vital source for their research and has to be retained along with active collection in the libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Active research in the development of hydrogen-fuelled low-emission engines is being pursued at the Engines and Unconventional Fuels Laboratory of the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), for a period of close to two decades. This paper highlights the significant pursuits and attainments of the research and development (R&D) activities carried out in IIT, Delhi on hydrogen-operated engines. Both spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition engine test rigs have been developed and instrumented for the use of hydrogen fuel. Several existing petroleum-fuelled engine configurations have been modified by taking care to observe that the converted system does not need substantial hardware modifications. Various fuel induction techniques have been experimentally evaluated keeping in view the temperamental combustion characteristic of this fuel. Curative and preventive steps have been adopted and suitable retrofits and subsystems have been installed at the appropriate locations to preclude the possibility of any undesirable combustion phenomena such as backfire, knocking and rapid rate of pressure rise. Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of the systems have been determined. It has been observed that an appropriately designed timed manifold injection system can overcome the problem of backfire in a hydrogen engine. NOx emission level from a hydrogen-operated SI engine can be drastically reduced by way of lean engine operation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this article the author offers insights on procedure used in ranking the research performance of Indian engineering and technological institutes in India. He mentions that rational procedure was used in ranking the performance and notes that the overall ranking offered indicative assessment on the country's technological sector. A table that depicts the top 67 engineering and technological institutes which was ranked using total number of papers published is presented.

The article profiles Rajeswari Chatterjee, a professor and a faculty member at the Department of Electrical Communication Engineering at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc). She is very active in the field of research where she guided 20 Doctor of Philosophy (Ph D) student and published over 100 resarch papers and 7 books in Microwave Engineering and Antennas. After retiring from IISc, she started working in social programs with the Indian Association for Women's Studies.