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The article presents abstracts of papers presented to the seventh annual meeting of the Association for the Psychophysiological Study of Sleep (APSS). The seventh annual meeting of the APSS was held at the Miramar Hotel, Santa Monica, California in April 1967. APSS was founded in 1961 for the purpose of promoting both formal and informal exchange of information among workers from various disciplines with a common interest in the psychophysiology of sleep.

This article presents abstracts of papers presented at the seventh annual meeting of Society for Psychophysiological Research held at the Vacation Village Hotel in San Diego, California from October 19-22, 1967. One of the papers explored monocular visual evoked potentials as an index of maturity of human neonates. Another paper focused on habituation differences to tactile stimulation for waking and sleeping infants. In this paper the role of state in determining a psychological or physiological response is not disputed.

The study of religious experience provides an example of those strange discontinuities which seem to beset the social sciences. The present paper Is intended as a beginning of this conceptual task. There is an attempt to develop some basic sub-types and ordering dimensions for organizing the variety of experiences to which men attach religious definitions. The conceptual scheme has been informed by data from a sample of Protestant and Roman Catholic church members residing in the San Francisco Bay Area, California. These data include both quantifiable and qualitative information on the religious experiences of respondents. Where appropriate, these data will be introduced both to indicate the relative frequency of different forms of religious experience and to illustrate how people perceive such experiences. Following many previous writers, it has been suggested that the essential element characterizing religious experience, and distinguishing it from all other human experience, is some sense of contact with a supernatural agency.

This paper explores the implications of the crime problem and suggests approaches for improving the quality of comprehensive criminal justice planning. For California, the Bureau of Criminal Statistics indicates increases in the number of reported index offenses from 250,000 to 555,000 and a 70 percent increase in the crime rate between 1960 and 1968. If the ultimate end of justice is to ensure on behalf of the public and the offenders within the system that the fairest and most effective course of action will always be selected among available alternatives, then criminal justice planning information systems will have to be organized as aids to a more rational and systematic planning and decision-making process. A study of recidivism rates can lead to a cost-effectiveness measure as a means of rationalizing the release procedure.

The purpose of this paper is to attempt to show that present day paraprofessional drug milieu treatment facilities are extended drug subcultures and are not fully rehabilitating addicts. Research tends to indicate that Synanon House of California may offer its residents a protective society and a program which is not conducive to complete rehabilitation. It was also noted that ex-addicts may become part of Synanon's ex -addict social system and that the exeaddla may become emotionally dependent upon Synanon. Also, numerous clinical impressions and observations made by the writer during a graduate field work placement were noted. It was suggested that professional ex-addicts may be part of an extended drug subculture. Maintenance of the extended subculture and some of the inter- and inter personal dynamics which appear to be operating at a para- professional drug rehabilitation facility were discussed. Lastly, modifications of present day drug programs were suggested to facilitate rehabilitation. Generally, the recommendations centred around getting corn community people into the facility and getting residents out of the facility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A major reason for the sociological importance of Negro-white intermarriage is the possibility of a link between the low status of Negroes in the United States and the infrequency of such intermarriage. This paper analyzes trends in Negro-white marriage in the four states -- California, Hawaii, Michigan, and Nebraska -- which have recent data. For these states an upward trend in Negro-white marriage is shown which cannot be accounted for merely on the basis of changing racial composition. Negro-white intermarriage rates are relatively high in those areas where residential segregation by race is low and where there are minimal status differences between the white and Negro populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that the Food Research Institute of Stanford University has begun publication of a new journal, Food Research Institute Studies. This publication will contain articles by staff members reflecting their current research interests. It will be published three times a year, in February, May and September. Subscriptions and inquiries may be sent to the Food Research Institute, Stanford University, California. Among other such publications, the Staff Studies of the International Monetary Fund and the Occasional Papers of the National Bureau of Economic Research have demonstrated that there is a wealth of useful original material in the files of the research agencies and bureaus, great and small, which may be reported only after some delay in papers presented at professional society meetings or in journal articles or books, or which may never be made available to other workers. Publication of staff studies, periodically or occasionally, helps to make this material more generally available.

The article presents information on annual convention of the Jungian Societies of California. The Society of Jungian Analysts of Northern California and the Society of Analytical Psychology of Southern California have been holding annual conventions since 1953. The problem of how to establish minimum standards for accepting and training analysts appears to have been the dominant motive in holding conventions and considerable progress has been made. Collaboration between societies and integration of their training and examination methods are going well ahead. Each society has alternately acted as host, taking charge of organizing the lecture programme and entertainments.

This paper presents an empirical investigation of the importance of risk in decisions. The adaptive expectations geometric lag model is generalized by geometrically including quadratic lag terms indicative of risk. The computation of consistent estimators is described, and the model is applied in the analysis of California field-crop supply response. Results indicate that the effects of stabilization (possibly associated with government programs) might have seriously offset the acreage-reducing effects of voluntary acreage restrictions. Finally, more general implication relating to reduced-form estimation of the standard Nerlovian model are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information about the conference titled "Problems in Foreign Language Testing" held at the Idyllwild campus of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California during November 7-9, 1968. It includes information on the papers presented by the participants, issues addressed and keynote speakers.

Traces the circumstances that led to the emergence of the organization of University Employed Graduate Students at the University of California's Berkeley campus. Chartering of the organization by the American Federation of Teachers in 1965; Garnering of members among teaching assistants, research assistants and readers on the campus; Longevity prospects of the organization.

This paper presents a technique for estimating the physical yield function of a fishery when detailed biological and environmental data are lacking. The physical yield function of the California trawl fishery is incorporated in an economic model to show the relationship between maximum sustainable physical yield of the fishery and maximum economic yield. Maximizing the economic benefit of the fishery to society would involve a drastic reduction in resource use at a catch level considerably below the biological maximum sustainable yield. Only through marginal cost pricing can resources be allocated efficiently to the fishery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines the recommendations received and studied by the Coordinating Council for Higher Education in California on education in criminal justice. The council advises the four segments of higher education in the state to standardize the name of crime-related units as departments, schools or colleges of criminal justice. It also suggests that the Board of Trustees of the University of Southern California solidify and give focus to the diverse teaching programs in the field of criminal justice by establishing a Graduate School of Criminal Justice parallel to its School of Public Administration as an integral unit of the Von Kleinsmid Center for International and Public Affairs.

This article presents an empirical study of the process and outcome of psychiatric consultation. Psychiatric consultation has been increasingly used by social welfare agencies because of the growing belief by administrators in the usefulness of psychiatric understanding of disturbed emotional functioning, and the availability of federal and state funds. This article reports and evaluates psychiatric consultation in the Jewish Vocational Service of Los Angeles, California from 1952 to 1962. The 15 clients had a mean age of 32 and a range of 19 to 56 for males and 19 to 47 for females.

Concern over recent increases in the number of bankruptcies filed by individual consumers has resulted in a small group of studies of consumer bankrupts and their financial problems. Four studies, dealing with consumer bankruptcies in Sacramento, California; Flint, Michigan; Seattle, and the state of Maryland are examined and their results compared. These studies provide detailed information on the bankrupts' personal characteristics, the nature of their debts, and the reasons for their financial difficulties. The studies, however, provide relatively less information about the reasons for the choice of bankruptcy over other alternatives or about the effectiveness of bankruptcy as a long-run solution for family financial problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An anomalous increase of pore volume with increasing depth in the range 0-1,900 ft. Occurs in fine-grained sediments along the east side of the San Joaquin Valley of California. Several possible causes for the anomaly were inferred from a literature search and from study of the core samples. Statistical analyses of the core sample data suggest the principle causes to be variations in particle size, the diatom-skeleton content, and the type of exchangeable cation adsorbed by the clay-mineral constituents of the sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the empirical validation of the J-coefficient in relation to the ratings given to the job elements by supervisors and on the prevalidated beta weights of the elements of the job. It explores the data for J-coefficients collected from employed journeymen at a regional office in California. It says that J-coefficient is also used as an indicator of test such as verbal test, report writing, and paragraph reading. Moreover, the use of J-coefficienst on abstract reasoning and coding memory is cited.

The article presents editorial notes. It states that readers wishing to discuss or comment upon any of the articles in various issues of the Journal of Social Issues may submit their reactions or criticisms to the editor, Bertram H. Raven, Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles. Criticisms or observations of general interest will be published in a Comments and Rejoinders section of the journal. The Selected Articles Issue will receive approximately 25% of the yearly page total of the Journal of Social issues and will be devoted to individual articles consistent with the journal's policy.

This article presents a text of a research paper regarding correctional work presented at the Third Annual Institutional Workers' Conference held at Chapman College in Orange, California, on January 29, 1964. According to the author, several areas are needed in the practice of correctional work to examine their performance and its implications. First, correctional work is impervious to logical argument. Second, insensitive to basic issues of civil liberty and democratic ideals. Third, indifferent to crime-causing elements in the external political and social world. Lastly, inhospitable to research and novelty. The dual tendency of corrections to fail to do comprehensive research and to ignore such fructifying research when it is done, while less than totally accurate for California, remains in general one of the field's basic shortcomings. More than virtually all persons in society, correctional people are in a position to know where its ugliness and inequity and soreness lies. It is a terrible default to maintain blandly that it is the failure of the individual to come to grips with reality.

The preference between two factions in the religious schism of a Serbian Orthodox church was found to be highly correlated with preference between American political parties. The religiously dissenting group was found to be predominantly Republican in political preference. Although the religious dissent was interpreted as reflecting and protesting degradation in social status, this group apparently hoped for more relief through the anticommunist policies of the Republicans than through the social ameliorative policies of the Democrats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the considerations of federal participation within the housing market of the United States within the 1945-1950 period. Particular intervention and control over the direction of the mortgage financing process is cited and identified as an important subject of evaluative study. Case data taken from the San Francisco Bay Area is provided and analyzed to highlight examples of typical federal involvement. The roles of the Federal Housing Administration, Federal National Mortgage Association, and Veterans Administration in the home loan market are each discussed. Conclusions are offered citing elements of the federal policy which are advantageous and which are undesirable.

The article presents the results of a study conducted by the Bureau of Business and Economic Research of the University of California on the capital availability for postwar investment in California, with an emphasis on the concerns of small business. The article outlines the methodology, presents a survey of previous studies, the criteria for measuring the availability of capital, the data detailing the available capital from 1945-1946, a summary of the findings, and a discussion of the implications. The findings showed a large number of concerns raising capital through equity funds from owner's savings or the sale of stock, bank loans, and some manufacturing firms with intense capital needs found greater difficulty in capitalization. Proposals and recommendations are presented.

Focuses on the American Nurses Association convention from June 13 to 17, 1966 in San Francisco, California. Discussion on the quality of nursing services at the convention; Details of topics discussed at the convention, including international efforts to raise the economic status of nurses in the U.S.; Information on award presentations at the convention.

This article responds to a critique of a survey which explored the supply conditions of urban property insurance in California. The author explains the objections indicated by the critique such as: use of the term "shortage" when referring to a market in disequilibrium condition; meaning of the expression "insurance was difficult to obtain"; failure of the author to point out that it is marginal cost rather than average cost which is the important determinant of the quantity supplied by the firm in a given market situation. The author argues that the published survey had a lesser ambitious objective than quantifying the cost-functions of property liability companies or indicating the long run supply function of the industry as a whole and that, there is clearly a need for additional research on the question of the cost relationships in industry.

The article presents the announcement that from February 5-7, 1975, the 1975 San Diego Biomedical Symposium will be held in San Diego, California, at the Hilton Inn, on Mission Bay. The theme for the meeting is "Innovations in Biomedicine." Dr. Lowell Rosen, Program Chairman, Department of Radiology, University of California, can be contacted for further information.

This article provides an overview of faculty support for collective bargaining in the California State University and Colleges (CSUC). CSUC, as the system was renamed in 1972, is centrally administered by a Board of Trustees and Chancellor, and includes approximately 280,000 students and 16,000 faculty on 19 campuses, each headed by a president. In 1966, before collective bargaining had been introduced into any U.S. four-year institution of higher education, a brief campaign by the American Federation of Teachers revealed widespread support for collective bargaining in the CSUC. By 1969, and perhaps earlier, a majority of the faculty supported collective bargaining. This support continues, despite the failure to secure bargaining rights. By 1971, four faculty associations and the statewide senate, which had initially opposed collective bargaining, had one after the other endorsed it.

The article has two main themes: (1) problems of managing a cabinet department, with Commerce the instant case; and (2) problems of the delivery system- the Oakland case and the multi-state Regional Development Commissions. Part I treats the management problem of a cabinet agency-the problems and pitfalls for the senior executives who fry to "run it" and make it do something useful. Among the several vantage points considered are the views "up," "down," and "sideways." Part II considers two types of delivery systems. It points up the difficulty (if not futility) of trying to bend a federal agency to effectively deal with a major local problem in a particular locale in a complex context, with Oakland as a case in point. Having argued in Part II that the direct federal/local combination is unworkable, federal/multi-state arrangements are examined. Here the topic is "regional development" and the cases in point are the Appalachian Regional Commission and the eight Title V Commissions. Part III concludes with the need for decentralization of programs, structures, and money in order to place the resources closer to the problem-and the people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the findings of the consumer-designed evaluation of the Haste Street House, an alternative health service institution at the University of California, Berkeley Campus. The evaluation, involving two student members, was supplied by an $800 grant from the University Office of Research, and was developed for the purpose of service program change and future evaluation attempts. It investigated five areas of the House's program including the peer counseling and the library programs. The results proved highly informative and suggested important advantages of consumer design in evaluative research.

The article discusses the methodological problems and issues in changing behavior of teachers training in sciences. It uses social learning theory and identify the related basic research which formed the building blocks for subsequent research, development and practice in science teacher training. Some of these line of research include a study at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, which dealt with modeling, feedback and practice variables and their relative effects. Another study uses observational learning theory, which is more viable and effective for science educators and science education.

This article focuses on criminalization and decriminalization. Political scientists have left the examination of criminalization and decriminalization largely to lawyers, psychologists, sociologists, and criminologists. Discussing about the substance abuse the article says that the broad area of regulation of substance abuse is one which badly needs good social science research, including the effort of political scientists. Decriminalization of marijuana use and possession of small amounts of it for personal use has been the subject of a state-wide referendum in California and made a minor misdemeanor by legislative action in Oregon during the last two years.

The article provides information regarding the news bulletin "Alpha Kappa Deltagram" from the Alpha Kappa Delta society chapter in California. The bulletin is issued four times a year in pamphlet or mimeographed paper and appeared during April, July, October and December. The first issue will be mailed to all students and alumni members of the chapter. The several benefits of the bulletin include arousing the interest of the members, assists in the development of events and maintaining the interests toward sociology.

This article presents information on the article "Case Histories on Cards," published in the January 1955 issue of the periodical "Chemical Week." The article describes the application of punched cards, as a research tool, to the coding of engineering and cost data at Standard Steel LLC of Los Angeles. The originator, Norman Pitt, claims that from a total investment of $3,000, the system is returning $10,000 a year in savings to the company.

The author of this article comments on the results of a study from California about the supply function of urban property insurance. Based on a questionnaire survey of the Los Angeles and Long Beach central core areas, the principal finding is that one-fifth of the businesses sampled do not have insurance because of the following: the rates are too high; the coverage is unavailable; or the respondent does not want insurance. These give rise to concerns over supply problem that is, how to get existing sellers to supply the quantity of insurance. The author argues that an adequate reinsurance program and government subsidies can be expected to solve the problem.

ABSTRACT President Nixon's recommendations on unemployment insurance legislation in 1969 will undoubtedly hit some snags as they pertain to the payment of benefits to claimants who are being retrained. The nature of the interests of parties involved are reasonably dear. Unclear, however, is the nature of the evidence on which the recommendation was made. California's experience may be interpreted as discouraging when one examines the employment patterns of retrained workers. It should at least raise some questions about the viability of unemployment insurance systems for manpower development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on a study which examined the net income taxation of the life insurance industry in California. General corporations in California can be considered as all, except financial, corporations. They are taxed on net income, as are corporations in 37 other states. Additionally, they pay personal property, real estate, and other miscellaneous business taxes, licenses, and fees, but the net income tax represents the major business tax (as opposed to sales-excise taxes) paid to the state. The tax rate is applied on the California portion of net income of the general corporation, net income being defined in a fashion which is roughly similar to the federal tax definition.

Investigates wage parity and the consequences of parity for policemen and firemen in the City of Los Angeles and the County of Los Angeles in California. Characteristics and impact of wage parity; Evaluation of wage parity based on promotional opportunities; Evaluation of parity based on job content.

Focuses on the factors that influence the employment opportunities of minority workers in Los Angeles, California. Participation rates for minority group workers in the city; Social condition of minorities in the city; Factors that created significant improvement in the city's minority employment.

The article identifies three pure types of employed professional relationships specifically relevant to education. These are the general employed professional model, the ideal academic professional model and the profession union model. The models are applied to the situation in California public education and the developing pattern under the California collective negotiations law, the Winton Act. The key element in professionalism is the concept of the self-governing community of practitioners. The most relevant aspect of the ideal academic model is the assumption of the existence of a community of interest among the various elements of the institution. The classic role of the union is to defend labor's interest in the conflict between labor and capital.

Studies the impact of union on wages in food retail trade in California. Unionization in retail trade; Stronger retail unionism in the metropolitan than in nonmetropolitan areas; Comparison on the impact of food store unionism in the Bay Area and Los Angeles; Comparison of relative earnings in food establishments in Los Angeles and San Francisco.

The article discusses the formal systems of labor union, management and collective bargaining in Los Angeles, California. The workers in Los Angeles were distributed among industries in much the same way as in the nation as a whole. There were 783,600 union members in July 1963. Union membership is concentrated in nonmanufacturing organizations. Employer organization can be characterized as highly diversified. Wages are notably high and is probably decisively attributable to the upward pull of bargained rates. Fringe benefits are both sophisticated and generous. Average income is very high among American cities. Lastly, collective bargaining has been a powerful force for stability in both the shop and the community.

The article provides information on the conference on unemployment, sponsored by the Institute of Industrial Relations and the Department of Economics, University of California in Berkeley in 1963. The first day was focused on "Retraining and Labor Market Policies." Speaker Seymour L. Wolfbein said that higher economic growth rates are essential. The following day was concerned with "The Problem of Expanding Economic Activity."

The carotenoid pigments of surficial algal mat communities of a California absolute subtropical desert were isolated and characterized principally by means of high resolution mass spectrometry. The pigments were all oxidized keto-types, predominantly canthaxanthin, its isomers, and echinone. The carotenoid pattern suggests that the mats represent an old climax ecosystem in which the algal cells at the time of collection were starved for nitrogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The widespread introduction of electronic data processing at every level of government operation has brought very great, and as yet incomplete, changes in organizational procedures and structure. Already, more sophisticated tools of management science are being utilized in public ad- ministration; operations research, systems analysis, and simulation, the quantitative methods, which have demonstrated their effectiveness in aerospace endeavors, are being applied to matters of public concern. The author here presents preliminary findings on an ongoing research study of the State of California's experience in the application of systems analysis to five designated problem areas-crime, transportation, waste management, information-handling, and welfare. Al- though the potential advantages and limitations of these techniques cannot be predicted at this early stage, it is apparent that new patterns of intergovernmental relationships are evolving, that new kinds of staff capability must be developed, and that management in the Space Age calls for a new order of competence, viability, and innovativeness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a study on the three-stage learning theory of drug use. The desire to use a drug and the element of fear are a function of learning process over a period of time. There are three stages in this process with different effects on the individual and different behavioral consequences. The first stage involves the actor in primarily a respondent role, learning with his friend, the desire, risks and techniques of using drugs. The second stage is the period during which an individual transfers to an operant role and actually tries a drug. The third stage is the stage of stable drug-use patterns. In order to test this theory of drug use, the authors used an ex post facto design. The study employed a questionnaire administered anonymously to a random sample of undergraduate classes at the University of Southern California. It is evident that students are learning to use drugs at the university. For instance, 28% of freshman tried cannabis, while the percentages of juniors and seniors were 44% and 45%, respectively. One further observation involves the distribution among fraternity and sorority students. It was suggested that the Greek community might be less likely to use drugs due to the supposedly conservative political nature of the fraternities and sororities.

The eruption of oil in Santa Barbara Channel has led to important revelations regarding the nature of power in America: who has it—and more importantly, how it is exercised such that existing societal institutions Junction to undermine dissent and minimize the opportunities for authentic change. The response of local aggrieved citizens to the system thus operating provides additional evidence that the development of radical left perspectives is induced by objective conditions of the American social system. The implications of ‘accidents’ and different forms of ‘events’ for the study of power are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study, which aims to see what changes have taken place in three decades of admissions in VA Center for Psychosocial Medicine at Drentwood, Los Angeles. This is especially to compare the 1968 patient with the 1958 patient, and to see how today's young veteran of the Vietnam era differs from his middle-aged World War II counterpart. The results support generally-held clinical impressions that today's newly admitted patients are less psychotically disturbed or better stabilized than 10 years ago and that the young patients are indeed different than the others, but again the differences are not as great as expected.

This article examines the personality characteristics of male transvestites. Several types of male individuals exist who, with some regularity, dress in clothes society considers appropriate to members of the opposite sex. The best-known of these is the homosexual who adopts feminine attire as an adjunct to his sexual activity. He is often referred to as a drag queen. This study deals with the psychological characteristics of the heterosexual male who enjoys wearing feminine attire. Twenty-five male transvestites who were not in psychotherapy were contacted and tested individually in Los Angeles, California.

The article describes several external factors that govern the production of plankton in the sea. The three categories of these factors are nutritive factors proper, general conditions of life and indirect factors of production. Nutritive factors like light, heat, and inorganic food substances influence the speed of plankton growth, while indirect factors of production are responsible for the presence or absence within the limits of phytoplankton utilization. The vertical circulation caused by the up-welling of the sub-surface layers results to the presence of nutrient materials in the upper layers of the southern region of California.

A dinoflagellate has been found in tidepools on the coast of the Palos Verdes Peninsula in southern California. It is described as a new species, Peridinium gregarium. In the tidepool habitat, great numbers of the organism form cloud-like masses held together by a mucous matrix. The gregarious cloud formation seems to be shared by only one other species of dinoflagellate, Peridinium sociale (Henneguy ex Labbé) Biecheler, 1935. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new colonial centric marine diatom, Coenobiodiscus muriformis gen. et sp. nov. (family Coscinodiscaceae) has been found in San Diego Bay, San Diego, California. The colony is composed of a single layer of 200-530 cells linked girdle to girdle by a compartmentalized matrix. The colony has the shape of a slightly concavo-convex disk approximately 400 μ in diameter. Each cell is about 10 μ in diameter and the valves have many structural features in common with those of Thalassiosira. The organic matrix contains 6-11 partitions that radiate from each cell, forming a number of extracellular chambers. The organic matrix does not contain chitin or cellulose as a major constituent. Histochemical similarities are found with the capsular and tubular material of previously described diatoms. The colonies reproduce without passing through a unicellular vegetative stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]