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Adaptations can be extreme in many cases and they help organisms survive in their habitat or ecological niche. These adaptations can affect their anatomy, ethology or physiology. Anatomical adaptations are physical features such as animal's shape, particularities at the skeleton level, texture of exoskeleton, surface of the skin in animals or cuticula in plants etc. The purpose of this paper is to present a synthesis concerning the texture analysis methods used for the characterisation of biological and medical images. Texture analysis methods of biological and medical images provide noninvasive tools that allow biologists, physicians and researchers the early detection and diagnosis of diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present a synthesis concerning the mathematical methods used in monofractal and multifractal analysis for the processing of biological and medical data and images. Different mathematical methods were proposed to estimate the monofractal dimension or multifractal spectrum of a fractal object. A brief overview of these algorithms, the way they work as well as their advantages and disadvantages are presented. Fractal and multifractal geometries provide noninvasive powerful tools that allow biologists, researchers and physicians the early detection and diagnosis of diseases, based on the analyses of biological and medical data and images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]