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This work is a part of 'baby studies' as a specific field of research. The aim of the paper is to explore how the directionality of the lines of wandering inform us about babies' sense-making and which kinds of lines of wandering children enact in day-care. The application of cartographic maps and participative observation are proposed as methodologies to trace the direction of babies as tension between materiality and individuation in day-care centres. Field work was carried out in two day-care centres in France and in Brazil.

This paper describes a study conducted with 235 children from Brazil and Switzerland. The children, from 5 to 13 years of age, were asked to draw the journey they undertake every day from home to school. The purpose of the study is to understand the relationship between the cognitive development and map-drawing abilities of children in both countries. The maps were analyzed qualitatively by focusing on elements of space representation such as paths and landmarks. The analysis shows that younger children can draw simple topological maps and then move on to egocentric landmarks. Older children can identify and draw more streets and buildings and move on to decentered maps. Country differences are mostly related to local geographic and social particularities. No gender differences were found. Results are discussed in relation to the underlying process in developmental abilities of children. (Contains 1 note, 1 table, and 4 figures.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Geografia: Revista Colombiana de Geografía is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to explore the development of cartography during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. It analyzes the maps produced by government agencies, research groups and grassroots activist organizations. The analysis demonstrates that cartography became an instrument mobilized for different purposes: to inform, to communicate, to guide, to analyze, and to mobilize subjects and solidarity. However, these different forms of cartography should also be viewed within a context of power relations and struggles. Contested narratives regarding the pandemic and the responses to it, as well as the tools of cartography employed, are revealed as dimensions of these power relations. O objetivo deste texto é debater a produção cartográfica no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. São analisadas cartografias governamentais, de grupos de pesquisa e de grupos ativistas de base. As análises mostram que a cartografia foi um instrumento mobilizado com diversas funções, tais como informar, comunicar, orientar, analisar, mobilizar sujeitos e solidariedades. Entretanto, essa produção deve ser vista dentro de jogos e disputas de poder. Disputas de narrativas sobre a pandemia, sobre as respostas e reações a ela, assim como os próprios instrumentos de produção cartográfica utilizados, são aspectos mostrados como dimensões destas relações de poder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O objetivo deste texto é debater a produção cartográfica no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. São analisadas cartografias governamentais, de grupos de pesquisa e de grupos ativistas de base. As análises mostram que a cartografia foi um instrumento mobilizado com diversas funções, tais como informar, comunicar, orientar, analisar, mobilizar sujeitos e solidariedades. Entretanto, essa produção deve ser vista dentro de jogos e disputas de poder. Disputas de narrativas sobre a pandemia, sobre as respostas e reações a ela, assim como os próprios instrumentos de produção cartográfica utilizados, são aspectos mostrados como dimensões destas relações de poder. The aim of this paper is to explore the development of cartography during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. It analyzes the maps produced by government agencies, research groups and grassroots activist organizations. The analysis demonstrates that cartography became an instrument mobilized for different purposes: to inform, to communicate, to guide, to analyze, and to mobilize subjects and solidarity. However, these different forms of cartography should also be viewed within a context of power relations and struggles. Contested narratives regarding the pandemic and the responses to it, as well as the tools of cartography employed, are revealed as dimensions of these power relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pixo: Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade is the property of Pixo Revista de Arquitetura Cidade e Contemporaneidade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Turismo em Análise is the property of Revista Turismo em Analise and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arte y Políticas de Identidad is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Brazilian Cartographic Olympiad (OBRAC) is an educational project that has been held, since 2015, in Brazil. It aims to stimulate interest in science, especially in geospatial sciences; provide teachers with tools for dynamic and participatory teaching in areas covering cartography and also provide teachers and students socialization through team activities based on geotechnologies. OBRAC is aimed at students from 13 to 19 years old. The schools participate with teams of four students and one teacher. The first two stages of OBRAC (theoretical and practical tests) are performed on Moodle platform and with the elaboration of videos that show the development of practical activities. The last stage is a face-to-face practical test, an orienteering competition. OBRAC is a biennial event and is in its third edition. The objectives of this work were to show how the activities are carried out by OBRAC, analyze the results obtained from the socio-pedagogical point of view, specially discussing the results of the third edition, which had as its guiding theme the refugees. The teams told refugees' stories from different countries using story maps tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Water & Landscape (WAL) / Agua & Territorio (AYT) is the property of Editorial de la Universidad de Jaen and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Direito da Cidade is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Geomorphological studies are crucial for understanding the evolution of relief, and when associated with cartography, they enhance the interpretation and knowledge of environmental dynamics. Hence, historical cartography is essential for the documental rescue of landscapes, which, based on the mapped geoforms, enhances post-discovery studies for the state of Ceará, Brazil. Historically, this state was intermittently mapped in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries but gained greater attention from Portugal in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries after its separation from Pernambuco. Despite this, cartographic studies on coastal geoforms are not typical for the Ceará coast over a given period, highlighting the importance of this investigation. Therefore, this article aimed to study the environmental history of the coastal geoforms mapped on the extreme west coast of Ceará in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This research had a qualitative and exploratory basis, with cartographic documental surveys online and in loco, covering the municipalities of Jijoca de Jericoacoara, Camocim, and Barroquinha. Fifty maps of different origins were collected, three of which were used: a French sketch and two Portuguese maps. In the French material of 1615, geoforms in the Cape de la Tortue indicated the presence of a rocky island separated from the mainland. From the Portuguese map of 1629, a well-cut coastline was noted, identifying Buraco das Tartarugas, where there were two islands of different sizes. In the 1794 map, an island in the cove called Geri qua Coá was noted, differing in landscape from the previous ones, as it did not have tombolos connected to the continent. The cartographies presented particularities for revealing a possible advance in the local sea level. Thus, it is possible to motivate future research in the area of historical cartography as a tool for the analysis of the paleogeographic evolution of the coastal zones of Ceará. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rumors of Brazil's mineral riches reaching London and Vienna in the first half of the nineteenth century, started by enslaved Africans mining clandestinely in unexplored regions and later through geological surveys by mining engineers from the Habsburg Empire, prompted aspirations to wealth which circulated fluidly in the transatlantic context. This article examines the distinct but convergent agencies of garimpeiros , enslaved miners and prospectors, and of Habsburgian mining engineers in the territorialization process of Minas Gerais during the nineteenth-century expansion of global capitalism. It analyses the degree of connectivity and cooperation across British and Habsburgian imperial spaces in Brazilian mining ventures, focusing on the case of the mining engineer Virgil von Helmreichen, who arrived in Minas Gerais in 1836, under contract to the British-financed Imperial Brazilian Mining Association. The Habsburgian expert elite of which Helmreichen was a part played a crucial role in the expansion of the commodity frontier in this region, providing proficient knowledge in mining and geology. This expert community collaborated with the logistics networks of British free-trade imperialism and the Brazilian slave system inherited from the colonial period. The territorialization of Minas Gerais shows the global dynamics at play between British interests in the discovery of new mines, the need to produce expert knowledge at the local level, and the Brazilian government's desire to control the hinterland region and profit from its mineral wealth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we provide a cartography of Brazilian genre studies, exploring what we call Critical Genre Analysis (CGA) and its interdisciplinary research (e.g., Bonini, 2002; 2010; Meurer, 2002, 2005; Motta-Roth, 1998; 2008a), which draws mainly on John Swales' work (1990; 1998; 2000; 2004) to discuss the concept of genre references. Firstly, we identify the four main schools which have served as theoretical background for the development of genre studies in Brazil: the British tradition of ESP, the American New Rhetoric Studies, the Sydney school, and the Geneva school. We then look at how CGA incorporates interdisciplinary contributions from Swales' Genre Analysis, Sociorhetoric, Systemic Functional Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis. We argue for the need to develop a critical approach to genre, integrating the analysis of lexicogrammar, discourse, sociocultural context, and ideology. We conclude by emphasizing the relevance of CGA for literacy pedagogy, especially in academic contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes some findings of a research on typographic elements found in São Paulo city central area. Using mapping methodology, we show that based on the information found in certain inscriptions in the building façades, it is possible to identify patterns and paths of settlement in this area, specially in what regards authorship and dates of design and construction. Although many of the edifices studied are part of the city heritage, heritage files very often lack this kind of information, which can be found in architectonic epigraphs. Defined as signatures, public and everlasting records of design authorship, epigraphs might also be analyzed as an example of visual design applied to the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Imago Mundi is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is common to understand mass demonstrations, like those belonging to the new cycle of contentious politics, as disruptive political events. However, there is no consensus on how to define what political events are, let alone how to investigate them. Most frequently, events are romanticized and understood as great ruptures, which makes the concept problematic as a means to investigate these new political phenomena. In this article, through the systematisation of Deleuze's philosophy of the event, I advance a theoretical approach that enables us to analyse and map the complexity of political events like mass protests. To demonstrate the potential of this approach, I elaborate a cartography of the Brazilian protests in 2013. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cartography is within the Brazilian Basic Education Curriculum, whether referring to core principles (scale, orientation, geographic coordinates, etc.) or as a tool in the teaching of various Geography themes. School Cartography, as a research area, is also very popular in Brazil. A clear example is the holding of scientific events on this subject, which have taken place since 1995 (the 12th one took place in 2022), besides an impressive number of academic publishing and research on the use of maps in education. Among the most recurrent subjects discussed in the School Cartography Colloquium are those related to teaching methodologies, concerning theoretical and practical contents searching for didactic strategies in the teaching of Cartography, such as: cartographic initiation, special education - with emphasis on visual impairment - and teaching-learning of specific skills and concepts. As evidence that Tactile Cartography has been gaining strength and space along with School Cartography and that in the context of Cartographic Communication it is important to reflect on how the adaptation of visual representations for touching can contribute to the teaching of Cartography. . ALMEIDA (2011), ALMEIDA e ALMEIDA (2014), SEEMAN (2022). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dengue infection plays a central role in our society, since it is the most prevalent vector-borne viral disease affecting humans. We statistically investigated patterns concerning the spatial spreading of dengue epidemics in Brazil, as well as their temporal evolution in all Brazilian municipalities for a period of 12 years. We showed that the distributions of cases in municipalities follow power laws persistent in time and that the infection scales linearly with the population of the municipalities. We also found that the average number of dengue cases does not have a clear dependence on the longitudinal position of municipalities. On the other hand, we found that the average distribution of cases varies with the latitudinal position of municipalities, displaying an almost constant growth from high latitudes until reaching the Tropic of Capricorn leveling to a plateau closer to the Equator. We also characterized the spatial correlation of the number of dengue cases between pairs of municipalities, where our results showed that the spatial correlation function decays with the increase of distance between municipalities, following a power-law with an exponential cut-off. This regime leads to a typical dengue traveling distance. Finally, we considered modeling this last behaviour within the framework of a Edwards-Wilkinson equation with a fractional derivative on space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covering almost a quarter of Brazil, the Cerrado is the world’s most biologically rich tropical savanna. Fire is an integral part of the Cerrado but current land use and agricultural practices have been changing fire regimes, with undesirable consequences for the preservation of biodiversity. In this study, fire frequency and fire return intervals were modelled over a 12-year time series (1997–2008) for the Jalapão State Park, a protected area in the north of the Cerrado, based on burned area maps derived from Landsat imagery. Burned areas were classified using object based image analysis. Fire data were modelled with the discrete lognormal model and the estimated parameters were used to calculate fire interval, fire survival and hazard of burning distributions, for seven major land cover types. Over the study period, an area equivalent to four times the size of Jalapão State Park burned and the mean annual area burned was 34%. Median fire intervals were generally short, ranging from three to six years. Shrub savannas had the shortest fire intervals, and dense woodlands the longest. Because fires in the Cerrado are strongly responsive to fuel age in the first three to four years following a fire, early dry season patch mosaic burning may be used to reduce the extent of area burned and the severity of fire effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaria is a significant public health threat in the Brazilian Amazon. Previous research has shown that deforestation creates breeding sites for the main malaria vector in Brazil, Anopheles darlingi, but the influence of selective logging, forest fires, and road construction on malaria risk has not been assessed. To understand these impacts, we constructed a negative binomial model of malaria counts at the municipality level controlling for human population and social and environmental risk factors. Both paved and unpaved roadways and fire zones in a municipality increased malaria risk. Within the timber production states where 90% of deforestation has occurred, compared with areas without selective logging, municipalities where 0–7% of the remaining forests were selectively logged had the highest malaria risk (1.72, 95% CI 1.18–2.51), and areas with higher rates of selective logging had the lowest risk (0.39, 95% CI 0.23–0.67). We show that roads, forest fires, and selective logging are previously unrecognized risk factors for malaria in the Brazilian Amazon and highlight the need for regulation and monitoring of sub-canopy forest disturbance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of efficient methodologies for mapping wetland vegetation is of key importance to wetland conservation. Here we propose the integration of a number of statistical techniques, in particular cluster analysis, universal kriging and error propagation modelling, to integrate observations from remote sensing and field sampling for mapping vegetation communities and estimating uncertainty. The approach results in seven vegetation communities with a known floral composition that can be mapped over large areas using remotely sensed data. The relationship between remotely sensed data and vegetation patterns, captured in four factorial axes, were described using multiple linear regression models. There were then used in a universal kriging procedure to reduce the mapping uncertainty. Cross-validation procedures and Monte Carlo simulations were used to quantify the uncertainty in the resulting map. Cross-validation showed that accuracy in classification varies according with the community type, as a result of sampling density and configuration. A map of uncertainty derived from Monte Carlo simulations revealed significant spatial variation in classification, but this had little impact on the proportion and arrangement of the communities observed. These results suggested that mapping improvement could be achieved by increasing the number of field observations of those communities with a scattered and small patch size distribution; or by including a larger number of digital images as explanatory variables in the model. Comparison of the resulting plant community map with a flood duration map, revealed that flooding duration is an important driver of vegetation zonation. This mapping approach is able to integrate field point data and high-resolution remote-sensing images, providing a new basis to map wetland vegetation and allow its future application in habitat management, conservation assessment and long-term ecological monitoring in wetland landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is to develop an object-based methodology for semi-automatic geomorphological mapping. The study area is the municipality of Sao Jose dos Campos, located in the Paraiba do Sul Valley, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. A multilevel hierarchical semantic network driven by a set of multispectral, geomorphometric and texture variables is used. The geomorphometric and texture variables are extracted from a digital elevation model (DEM) generated from a stereo pair of advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER)/Terra images. The DEM accuracy is evaluated and its root mean square error (RMSE) is found to be 9.38 m. The validation of the geomorphological map is accomplished by means of object-based statistical indices derived from an error matrix, obtained by a comparison between the classified scene and a reference map produced by visual interpretation. The object-based approach is found to be effective for geomorphological mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data collected during ethnographic fieldwork in the Palikur lands known as Arukwa along the Rio Urucauá in the Área Indígena do Uaçá, in Amapá, Brazil, we seek to expand current understandings of Arawakan oral forms of mapping that involve the listing of place-names. This article argues that the practice demonstrates a form of cartographic imagination that is based on a different theorization of the relationship between space and time. Contrasting the formal technology of cartography with the Palikur performative representations of "spatiotemporality," this article argues that the former approach is inadequate to the task of understanding the practice of listing place-names insofar as it separates body, temporality, and sky from place. Moreover, the spatiotemporal approach described indexes not one but multiple temporalities, including the autobiographical, ecological, astronomical, genealogical, and historical. Drawing on the notion of "topokinetic memory" described by neuroscientist Alain Berthoz (2000) and on ethnographic material collected during a journey on the Rio Urucauá, this analysis distinguishes between story maps as the practice of representational memory of space (such as the listing of landmarks on routes) and "story tracks" as performances of orientation that accompany the telling of stories about journeys, or along them. Proposing that both modes of memory are important in everyday life, we argue that the story track constitutes a practice of topographic memory that relies on the perspective of earth, sky, and underworld afforded by the moving, perceiving, conscious, and responsive person. Understood in this way, the listing of place-names is a form of cartographic imagination that incorporates history, geography, astronomy, ethics, and the self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1. The Pantanal wetland in South America is being threatened by human development, such as the construction of hydropower dams in the upper Paraguay River and the Hydrovia. The consequences of these developments are difficult to predict, but will potentially cause irreversible loss of habitat and biodiversity. 2. Radar satellite imagery can be used to establish baseline information that is crucial for monitoring changes in this region. In the case of the Pantanal, the pixel spacing of the imagery is a major concern if the goal is to count, map, and monitor lakes. To address this, Radarsat and JERS-1 data were acquired and used to produce a series of coarser-resolution images in order to understand the capabilities of the various resolutions to map Pantanal lake ecosystems. The simulations included resolutions of the existing JERS-1 mosaics (100 m resolution) and the proposed ALOS/PALSAR mosaics (50m resolution). 3. Using the 15 m data it was found that in the Nhecolândia region of the Pantanal, only about 7% of lakes have an area larger than 0.2 km², 47% have an area larger than 0.05 km², and 50% are smaller than 0.05 km². Therefore, it is important to consider the substantial number of lakes smaller than 0.05 km². 4. The size of the errors in determining lake area depends on lake size, lake shape, and the image pixel spacing — long and small lakes have greater errors, and 100m resolution images show unacceptable errors. The error in estimating lake area associated with the pixel spacing of the Radarsat ScanSAR image is 12.5% and 25%, and for the proposed mosaics of ALOS/PALSAR it is 30% and 47% for lakes larger and smaller than 0.05 km² respectively. Therefore, based on simulated results, the spatial resolution of the observing SAR was an important determining factor in the capacity to discriminate small lakes in the Pantanal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes a software designed to enable Wladimir Koeppen's non-assisted climate classification using a database of monthly mean temperatures and rainfall in Brazil, as input. The software followed the concepts, except for climates that cannot be defined by simple input characteristics, suggested by Koeppen, who developed the first quantitative climate classification in 1900. The software, integrated with geographic information systems tools, was used to produce a comprehensive climate map of Brazil. This climate map, which showed 21 climate equations in three climate zones: tropical moist, dry and moist with mild winter, presents significant similarities with an existing climate map of Brazil, except in climate zones and type.

The Lençóis Maranhenses region, located in the state of Maranhão in northeastern Brazil, constitutes an area that includes a national park and presents extreme physical, geographic and climatic contrasts in addition to economic diversity and emerging tourism. Scattered throughout this portion of the Brazilian territory are local inhabitants whose traditional lifestyles are characterized by agricultural, extractive, fishing and animal husbandry activities. These local residents use guidance systems and mental maps developed through their long history, interaction with nature, and knowledge of the environment in which they live and work. Based on sketches prepared by residents and by Health Agents serving the communities, and with the support of cartographic-based materials produced by the team of the Socioenvironmental Atlas of Lençóis Maranhenses (ASALM, Portuguese abbreviation for Socioenvironmental Atlas of Lençóis Maranhenses), we present a set of digital and interactive cartographic materials that reproduce the movements, uses and practices of the families of these communities as well as the environmental dynamics of this vast region. Such cartography can serve as an instrument of planning, understanding and action, both to safeguard the rights of the local residents and for the handling and management of natural resources. Based on the dialogue between local knowledge and cartography, we present the methods, processes and results of our research project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]