Search

This article sets out the findings of a systematic review on research into career guidance policy in the Nordic countries between 2008 and 2022. In total 60 papers were reviewed from across the Nordic region. They focused on national career guidance systems, career guidance systems for young people, the adult guidance system and career guidance for migrants. The corpus proved to be methodologically diverse with studies utilizing a wide range of different research strategies, although important differences were found between academic and grey literature. Most of the papers reviewed were atheoretical, with the remaining, mainly academic, literature drawing heavily on critical theory. The thematic analysis identified four major themes in the corpus: the context for career guidance policy; career guidance provision and practice; technologies of governance; and beneficiaries and outcomes of career guidance policies. The findings are discussed in relation to the strengths and weakness of the corpus and used to propose a research programme for the next 15 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed at investigating the use of grey literature by postgraduate students of chemistry in Nnamdi Azikiwe University (NAU), Awka. A total of 85 theses submitted to the Department of Chemistry library from 2013 to 2022 were analysed. Six objectives relevant in exploring the utilisation of grey literature by researchers of chemistry were formulated. The research design adopted in this study was bibliometric research design. The findings of the study revealed that out of 4740 citations obtained from the 85 theses, 1380 (29.11%) citations were made to grey literature. It was observed that citations to grey literature increased rapidly in recent time with 89.35% increase. Conference and seminar papers were the most cited sources out of the eleven kinds of grey literature cited. The most cited grey document was World Health Organization report paper with 67 (29.52%) citations. The finding of the study also showed that postgraduate students of chemistry use current material with medium age of 8.35 years. Citations to foreign contributions amount to 644 (27.54%). In conclusion, emphasis was laid on the need for the University Library to gear efforts towards providing adequate current grey literature for teaching and research of Department of Chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of life, research suggests that breastfeeding initiation rates and duration among Indigenous communities differ from this recommendation. Qualitative studies point to a variety of factors influencing infant feeding decisions; however, there has been no collective review of this literature published to date. Therefore, the objective of this scoping review was to identify and summarize the qualitative literature regarding Indigenous infant feeding experiences within Canada, the United States, Australia, and Aotearoa. Methods: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses- Scoping Reviews and the Joanna Briggs Institute Guidelines, in October 2020, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched for relevant papers focusing on Indigenous infant feeding experiences. Screening and full-text review was completed by two independent reviewers. A grey literature search was also conducted using country-specific Google searches and targeted website searching. The protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework and published in BMJ Open. Results: Forty-six papers from the five databases and grey literature searches were included in the final review and extraction. There were 18 papers from Canada, 11 papers in the US, 9 studies in Australia and 8 studies conducted in Aotearoa. We identified the following themes describing infant feeding experiences through qualitative analysis: colonization, culture and traditionality, social perceptions, family, professional influences, environment, cultural safety, survivance, establishing breastfeeding, autonomy, infant feeding knowledge, and milk substitutes, with family and culture having the most influence on infant feeding experiences based on frequency of themes. Conclusions: This review highlights key influencers of Indigenous caregivers' infant feeding experiences, which are often situated within complex social and environmental contexts with the role of family and culture as essential in supporting caregivers. There is a need for long-term follow-up studies that partner with communities to support sustainable policy and program changes that support infant and maternal health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Given the frequency of disasters worldwide, there is growing demand for efficient and effective emergency responses. One challenge is to design suitable retrospective charts to enable knowledge to be gained from disasters. This study provides comprehensive understanding of published retrospective chart review templates for designing and updating retrospective research. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and text analysis of peer-reviewed articles and grey literature on retrospective chart review templates for reporting, analysing, and evaluating emergency responses. The search was performed on PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science and pre-identified government and non-government organizational and professional association websites to find papers published before July 1, 2022. Items and categories were grouped and organised using visual text analysis. The study is registered in PROSPERO (374,928). Results: Four index groups, 12 guidelines, and 14 report formats (or data collection templates) from 21 peer-reviewed articles and 9 grey literature papers were eligible. Retrospective tools were generally designed based on group consensus. One guideline and one report format were designed for the entire health system, 23 studies focused on emergency systems, while the others focused on hospitals. Five papers focused specific incident types, including chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, mass burning, and mass paediatric casualties. Ten papers stated the location where the tools were used. The text analysis included 123 categories and 1210 specific items; large heterogeneity was observed. Conclusion: Existing retrospective chart review templates for emergency response are heterogeneous, varying in type, hierarchy, and theoretical basis. The design of comprehensive, standard, and practicable retrospective charts requires an emergency response paradigm, baseline for outcomes, robust information acquisition, and among-region cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To systematically evaluate the evidence for the reliability, sensitivity and specificity of existing measures of vowel-initial voice onset. Methods: A literature search was conducted across electronic databases for published studies (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, PubMed Central, IEEE Xplore) and grey literature (ProQuest for unpublished dissertations) measuring vowel onset. Eligibility criteria included research of any study design type or context focused on measuring human voice onset on an initial vowel. Two independent reviewers were involved at each stage of title and abstract screening, data extraction and analysis. Data extracted included measures used, their reliability, sensitivity and specificity. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE as the data of interest was extracted. Results: The search retrieved 6,983 records. Titles and abstracts were screened against the inclusion criteria by two independent reviewers, with a third reviewer responsible for conflict resolution. Thirty-five papers were included in the review, which identified five categories of voice onset measurement: auditory perceptual, acoustic, aerodynamic, physiological and visual imaging. Reliability was explored in 14 papers with varied reliability ratings, while sensitivity was rarely assessed, and no assessment of specificity was conducted across any of the included records. Certainty of evidence ranged from very low to moderate with high variability in methodology and voice onset measures used. Conclusions: A range of vowel-initial voice onset measurements have been applied throughout the literature, however, there is a lack of evidence regarding their sensitivity, specificity and reliability in the detection and discrimination of voice onset types. Heterogeneity in study populations and methods used preclude conclusions on the most valid measures. There is a clear need for standardisation of research methodology, and for future studies to examine the practicality of these measures in research and clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The way to confront climate change is by publishing the results of research dealing with the manifold and diverse topics associated with this complex entity. In response to this, GreyNet sets out to identify among its community of practice organizations that consider themselves publishers in grey literature. This is initiated by designing a standardized template. The acquisition of the data compiled via the online template harvested 25 records. The records captured in this phase of the project now comprise the PUBGREY registry openly accessible on GreyNet's website and via the GreyGuide, GreyNet's web access portal and repository. The organizations that appear in the PUBGREY registry are together seen as a consortium of publishers in grey literature. Together they demonstrate the supply-side of grey literature where its production, publication, and open access adhere to FAIR principles. Following this, a selection of records is made based on three criteria forming the population of this use case. These criteria include: open access compliance, each of the publishing bodies will have already been assigned a ROR ID, and an individual's email address is provided as the point of contact in the record. Ten of the 25 records in the PUBGREY registry adhere to the established criteria and form the population of our study. These are then asked to complete a brief online survey dealing with grey literature. The survey questions used in this study on climate change are the exact same as in a study three years earlier on circular economy. The reuse of the questionnaire was based on a recent working paper demonstrating how circular economy provides a strategy in achieving goals for climate change. Finally, via the search function on the ten websites of our survey population, a search of the terms: 'climate', 'climate change', and 'circular economy' are carried out. The results from both the survey and the searches from the websites are then analyzed and presented in summary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local Area Coordination (LAC) roles have been implemented in disability services in many countries, supporting people living with disability to connect with formal and informal support in the community. Embedded in the National Disability Insurance Scheme in Australia, the aspiration is that this LAC role will connect people with disability to supports and enable the generation of greater community capacity and inclusion. Yet, with only a limited evidence base that demonstrates the impact of this approach, a clear measurement framework is needed to provide evidence of the realization of this aspiration. We propose that this impact could be demonstrated by applying a Community Capitals Framework (CCF) as the theoretical base for the LAC role and other community capacity initiatives, such as service navigation within disability reform of disability services. The CCF is premised on seven 'capitals'—social, natural, cultural, human, political, financial and built that intersect and interact with each other to create positive spirals of change in communities. In this critical literature review, we apply the CCF to map and synthesize existing research on the LAC's role in building community capital and examine the utility of the CCF as a map for LAC and service navigation practices to enhance community inclusion. For this review, we analyzed peer-reviewed journal papers and grey literature that focused on LAC community capacity building for people with disability in a disability service context published between 2000 and August 2023. Of the 17 publications that met the inclusion criteria, there was no published evidence that comprehensively examined or measured community capacity building consistent with the tenets of the CCF. However, our analysis showed that all capitals, with the exception of natural capital, had been considered, with some indication that investment in these capitals (particularly social capital) could be connected in the positive spiraling way suggested by the CCF. Given the paucity of existing evidence to inform the LAC aspiration for community capacity building, research informed by consumer priorities is needed to inform LAC and service navigation practices to address community needs. The CCF has the potential to develop our understanding of LAC and other community capacity-building initiatives through the measurement of LAC and service navigation services and consumer outcomes, as well as by informing investment to target growth capitals in communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Several studies have explored the effects of ill health and health shocks on labour supply. However, there are very few systematic reviews and meta-analyses in this area. The current work aims to fill this gap by undertaking a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of ill health and health shocks on labour supply. Methods: We searched using EconLit and MEDLINE databases along with grey literature to identify relevant papers for the analysis. Necessary information was extracted from the papers using an extraction tool. We calculated partial correlations to determine effect sizes and estimated the overall effect sizes by using the random effects model. Sub-group analyses were conducted based on geography, publication year and model type to assess the sources of heterogeneity. Model type entailed distinguishing articles that used the standard ordinary least squares (OLS) technique from those that used other estimation techniques such as quasi-experimental methods, including propensity score matching and difference-in-differences methodologies. Multivariate and univariate meta-regressions were employed to further examine the sources of heterogeneity. Moreover, we tested for publication bias by using a funnel plot, Begg's test and the trim and fill methodology. Results: We found a negative and statistically significant pooled estimate of the effect of ill health and health shocks on labour supply (partial r = −0.05, p <.001). The studies exhibited substantial heterogeneity. Sample size, geography, model type and publication year were found to be significant sources of heterogeneity. The funnel plot, and the trim and fill methodology, when imputed on the left showed some level of publication bias, but this was contrasted by both the Begg's test, and the trim and fill methodology when imputed on the right. Conclusion: The study examined the effects of ill health and health shocks on labour supply. We found negative statistically significant pooled estimates pertaining to the overall effect of ill health and health shocks on labour supply including in sub-groups. Empirical studies on the effects of ill- health and health shocks on labour supply have oftentimes found a negative relationship. Our meta-analysis results, which used a large, combined sample size, seem to reliably confirm the finding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Deaths in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) are not uncommon. End-of-life care in PICUs is generally considered more challenging than other settings since it is framed within a context where care is focused on curative or life-sustaining treatments for children who are seriously ill. This review aimed to identify and synthesise literature related to the essential elements in the provision of end-of-life care in the PICU from the perspectives of both healthcare professionals (HCPs) and families. Methods: A systematic integrative review was conducted by searching EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Nursing and Allied Health Database, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Grey literature was searched via Electronic Theses Online Service (EthOS), OpenGrey, Grey literature report. Additionally, hand searches were performed by checking the reference lists of all included papers. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to screen retrieved papers by two reviewers independently. The findings were analysed using a constant comparative method. Results: Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. Three elements in end-of-life care provision for children in the PICUs were identified: 1) Assessment of entering the end-of-life stage; 2) Discussion with parents and decision making; 3) End of life care processes, including care provided during the dying phase, care provided at the time of death, and care provided after death. Conclusion: The focus of end-of-life care in PICUs varies depending on HCPs' and families' preferences, at different stages such as during the dying phase, at the time of death, and after the child died. Tailoring end-of-life care to families' beliefs and rituals was acknowledged as important by PICU HCPs. This review also emphasises the importance of HCPs collaborating to provide the optimum end-of-life care in the PICU and involving a palliative care team in end-of-life care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the stages of the digital transformational path that lies in front of incumbent banks in their conversion into digitally driven institutions and contributes by providing clarity in the parameters that define each stage and the key metrics to be tracked. It is a general review paper, with main tools employed the relevant scholar and grey literature & field observations. The paper identifies three phases for banking institutions' digital transformation and proceeds with defining the characteristics of the phases and the distinct actions required for an institution to progress through them, employing a set of proposed key tracking indicators. The outcome adds to the, rather limited, academic literature on the subject and can be applied to all relevant banking institutions. Research needs further insides to articulate better the findings and expand them on a cross-examination of relevant theories and approaches. This paper aims at contributing to a growing, contemporary discussion, hopefully assisting in greater collaboration between practitioners and academics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conflict adversely affects respiratory health in both direct and indirect ways among populations whose health is already compromised through the compounding effects of conflict. Our aim is to review academic and grey literature relevant to respiratory health in the Syrian conflict (now more than a decade in duration) to explore its impacts on populations across Syria. We performed a scoping literature review of academic and grey literature on respiratory health in Syria between March 2011 (taken as the start of the conflict for practicality) and December 2023. Of 11,472 papers screened, 34 met the inclusion criteria, of which 29 were peer reviewed. Key themes identified included the impact of conflict on asthma diagnosis and management; the burden of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) and COVID-19; the impact of chemical weapon use and the impact of destruction and interruptions to the health system(s) across Syria on respiratory health. This review highlights the need for more in-depth exploration of the impact of conflict on respiratory health in Syria with focus on social determinants, for example, shelter, public health interventions, smoking cessation, and supporting early diagnosis and treatment of respiratory conditions to counter the effects that conflict has had on respiratory health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify topics of study related to Community Savings Groups (CSGs) from the literature available. Design/Methodology/Approach: Some phases of natural language processing were implemented. The data were obtained from scientific databases and gray literature. The analysis included 228 abstracts of papers, theses, working papers, and reports. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation model was used to identify the topics. Results: Six topics have been the focus of the discussion about the existence and impact of CSGs in the last two decades. Study Limitations/Implications: Texts without abstracts in English were excluded. Findings/Conclusions: The topics found deal with various aspects on which CSGs have had an impact, such as health, empowerment, primary sector, violence, and other aspects related to existence. Additional evidence is required to consider CSGs as an effective and sustainable mechanism that facilitates well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This qualitative systematic review aimed to consolidate existing evidence on the self‐management experience of older patients with multimorbidity worldwide. Methods: Nine databases were searched, for papers published from database inception to April 2023. The systematic review was conducted according to the systematic review method of qualitative evidence by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Results: Seven studies were included. Finally, four themes and 12 subthemes were formed: (1) physical level: reduced physical function and lack of coordinated care; (2) psychological level: mental state of anxiety and positive attitude towards life; (3) social level: technical support, support from family, support from healthcare workers and support from others; and (4) practical level: economic burden, lifestyle changes, self‐care in daily life and compliance was much lower than expected. Conclusions: To improve self‐management in older people with multimorbidity, nurses should provide more guidance to patients to improve their self‐management skills, and clinicians should recommend effective self‐management behaviours. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic?: Globally, approximately 50% of older people aged over 65 years demonstrate multimorbidity, with sharp increases in the prevalence in this population.In recent years, the phenomenon of older people with multimorbidity has received increasing attention, and there has been an increase in the number of related qualitative studies. While these studies provide an in‐depth account of experiences among samples, synthesizing these findings can help identify similarities and differences, as well as gaps in current knowledge. Therefore, there is a need for systematic evaluation and meta‐integration of the results of multiple qualitative studies to obtain deeper, more comprehensive findings. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: The practice of self‐management in older patients with multimorbidity should include the physical, psychological, social and practical levels of the patient.As the primary providers of health services, nurses should sensitize older patients with multimorbidity to the susceptibility and severity of their disease and help them to improve their self‐management skills.Clinicians need to recommend effective self‐management behaviours to implement into the daily lives of older patients with multimorbidity in their clinical practice. What are the implications for practice?: These findings remind us that clinical healthcare professionals should be patient‐centred and focus on the personal experience of self‐management in older adults with multimorbidity.Findings emphasize the need for healthcare professionals to focus on diversifying management strategies and the need to provide targeted self‐management guidance to older patients with multimorbidity to help them improve their self‐management skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Biological Events affect large populations depending on transmission potential and propagation. A recent example of a biological event spreading globally is the COVID-19 pandemic, which has had severe effects on the economy, society, and even politics,in addition to its broad occurrence and fatalities. The aim of this scoping review was to look into patient flow management techniques and approaches used globally in biological incidents. Methods: The current investigation was conducted based on PRISMA-ScR: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. All articles released until March 31, 2023, about research question were examined, regardless of the year of publication. The authors searched in databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Google scholar search engine, Grey Literature and did hand searching. Papers with lack of the required information and all non-English language publications including those with only English abstracts were excluded. Data extraction checklist has been developed Based on the consensus of authors.the content of the papers based on data extraction, analyzed using content analysis. Results: A total of 19,231 articles were retrieved in this study and after screening, 36 articles were eventually entered for final analysis. Eighty-four subcategories were identified,To facilitate more precise analysis and understanding, factors were categorised into seven categories: patient flow simulation models, risk communication management, integrated ICT system establishment, collaborative interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach, systematic patient management, promotion of health information technology models, modification of triage strategies, and optimal resource and capacity management. Conclusion: Patient flow management during biological Events plays a crucial role in maintaining the performance of the healthcare system. When public health-threatening biological incidents occur, due to the high number of patients, it is essential to implement a holistic,and integrated approach from rapid identification to treatment and discharge of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Housing insecurity can be understood as experiencing or being at risk of multiple house moves that are not through choice and related to poverty. Many aspects of housing have all been shown to impact children/young people's health and wellbeing. However, the pathways linking housing and childhood health and wellbeing are complex and poorly understood. Methods: We undertook a systematic review synthesising qualitative data on the perspectives of children/young people and those close to them, from the United Kingdom (UK). We searched databases, reference lists, and UK grey literature. We extracted and tabulated key data from the included papers, and appraised study quality. We used best fit framework synthesis combined with thematic synthesis, and generated diagrams to illustrate hypothesised causal pathways. Results: We included 59 studies and identified four populations: those experiencing housing insecurity in general (40 papers); associated with domestic violence (nine papers); associated with migration status (13 papers); and due to demolition-related forced relocation (two papers). Housing insecurity took many forms and resulted from several interrelated situations, including eviction or a forced move, temporary accommodation, exposure to problematic behaviour, overcrowded/poor-condition/unsuitable property, and making multiple moves. Impacts included school-related, psychological, financial and family wellbeing impacts, daily long-distance travel, and poor living conditions, all of which could further exacerbate housing insecurity. People perceived that these experiences led to mental and physical health problems, tiredness and delayed development. The impact of housing insecurity was lessened by friendship and support, staying at the same school, having hope for the future, and parenting practices. The negative impacts of housing insecurity on child/adolescent health and wellbeing may be compounded by specific life circumstances, such as escaping domestic violence, migration status, or demolition-related relocation. Conclusion: Housing insecurity has a profound impact on children and young people. Policies should focus on reducing housing insecurity among families, particularly in relation to reducing eviction; improving, and reducing the need for, temporary accommodation; minimum requirements for property condition; and support to reduce multiple and long-distance moves. Those working with children/young people and families experiencing housing insecurity should prioritise giving them optimal choice and control over situations that affect them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Disasters can cause casualties and significant financial loss. In accordance with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, areas affected by disasters must be built back better. Accurate post-disaster damage and loss assessments are critical for the success of recovery programs. This scoping review aimed to identify the components and entities of the healthcare sector's post-disaster damage and loss assessment program. Methods: An comprehensive search for relevant literature was performed using several databases, including the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Magiran. The search was limited to papers published between 2010 and 2022. In addition, we searched the grey literature for resources related to post-disaster damage and loss assessments. Study selection and data extraction were evaluated by a third reviewer. The main themes were determined through a consensus process and agreement among team members. Results: A total of 845 papers were identified, 41 of which were included in the review. The grey literature search yielded 1015 documents, 23 of which were associated with the study's purpose. The findings were classified into five main themes, 20 subthemes, and 876 codes. The main-themes include the following: Concepts and Definitions; Post-Disaster Damage and Loss Assessment Procedures; Healthcare sector procedures; Assessments Tools, and Methods; Intra-sectoral, Inter-sectoral, and cross-cutting issues. Conclusions: The existing corpus of literature on post-disaster damage and loss assessment programs within the healthcare sector offers only limited insights into the entities and components involved. It is of great importance that stakeholders have an extensive grasp of these pivotal concepts and principles, as they are fundamental in enabling effective responses to disasters, informed decision-making, and facilitating rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts. Consequently, there is a considerable scope for further investigation in this area. Scoping review registration number: https://osf.io/nj3fk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) is already redefining the ways we engage with various types of information and data. In the wake of AI's unprecedented influence, its impact on grey literature (GL) remains an important yet underexplored domain. It is up to all GL professionals to integrate AI into their work and harness its power. This paper delves into the innovative applications of AI to bolster the efficiency of GL management, elevate metadata quality, and enhance user experiences. Four fundamental GL management facets, namely collection of GL, metadata creation, summarization, and user experience, offer great potential and a good starting point for using the power of AI. By harnessing AI's transformative capabilities, GL professionals can spearhead a paradigm shift in managing grey literature, promising extensive and far-reaching implications for the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a methodology for characterizing the breadth of natural hazard types, hazard interrelationships, and risk scenarios in Global South urban areas, focusing on Nairobi, Kenya, and Istanbul, Türkiye. Our approach involves (a) a comprehensive characterization of multi‐hazards and their interrelationships in an urban setting, (b) collaborative development of relevant multi‐hazard scenarios with local disaster risk reduction (DRR) stakeholders, and (c) analysis of the potential for integrating these scenarios into urban DRR efforts. Using a critical review of 135 sources (academic and gray literature, databases, online, and social media), we identify 19 natural hazard types that might influence Nairobi and 23 in Istanbul. We further identified in Nairobi 88 and Istanbul 105 hazard interrelationship pairs (e.g., an earthquake triggering landslides) out of a possible 576 interrelationships. These findings are cataloged in an extensive database, which informs the creation of multi‐hazard risk scenario exemplars for each city. These exemplars are refined through stakeholder engagement, involving four workshops (47 participants) and nine semi‐structured interviews with local DRR stakeholders. Despite the identified benefits, this engagement reveals a significant gap in integrating multi‐hazards into current urban policy and practice. Governance challenges are highlighted as a key barrier, but opportunities for better integration are also identified, including evolving policies and growing awareness among urban actors. Our approach, particularly relevant in data‐scarce urban areas of low‐ and middle‐income countries, provides a framework for exploring multi‐hazard issues in various urban contexts. Plain Language Summary: Our study sought to understand the breadth of natural hazards an urban area in the Global South might face, how the hazards are interrelated (e.g., an earthquake can trigger landslides), and typical risk scenarios that matter to local experts. We applied our methodology to Nairobi and Istanbul to assess how considering multiple hazards could enhance disaster risk reduction (DRR) efforts. We systematically reviewed 135 information sources, including gray and peer‐reviewed literature and online and social media. We found 19 natural hazard types could influence Nairobi, while Istanbul faces 23. These hazards showed numerous interactions, with 88 in Nairobi and 105 in Istanbul. Subsequently, we held workshops and interviews with local DRR stakeholders in both cities to co‐designed multi‐hazard risk scenarios. Practitioner stakeholders in Nairobi and Istanbul emphasized that considering these interrelationships helped create comprehensive risk scenarios and improved planning for addressing multiple hazards concurrently, a crucial aspect of urban safety and preparedness. They noted that current city policies and practices often overlooked this approach, primarily due to risk management and governance issues; for example, siloed approaches to DRR resulting in disjointed implementation and planning, and a lack of coordination and communication among actors. Our research framework may assist other urban areas, particularly those in developing countries with limited data, in comprehending and preparing for the complex challenges posed by various natural hazards. Key Points: Using Nairobi and Istanbul, we introduce a framework for analyzing multi‐hazard interrelationships in low‐ and medium‐income citiesA systematic review of 135 sources finds 19 and 23 hazard types and 88 and 105 hazard interrelationships in Nairobi and Istanbul, respectivelyWorkshops and interviews identify risk scenarios, governance challenges, and opportunities for multi‐hazard integration in urban policies [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known about the topic?: Mental health‐related problems in pregnancy are now becoming a global health concern. However, most studies have reported that midwives are unable to assess and support maternal mothers due to poor preservice education. The findings of these studies needed to be explored further from the available literature to address the gap. What does the paper add to existing knowledge?: The paper has identified maternal mental health core competencies and innovative clinical teaching strategies that nurse educators can utilize when supporting students theoretically and during clinical practice so that students should be adequately prepared for maternal mental health practice.Challenges and recommendations for clinical teaching were also identified. However, there are still gaps in the literature related to the effectiveness of teaching strategies to promote competence acquisition in maternal mental health. What are the implications for education?: The study results can be used by nurse educators to develop effective clinical teaching practices in maternal mental health care. The findings can be used in the development of best clinical teaching guidelines for maternal or perinatal mental health to be used by nurse educators for the undergraduate midwifery training programmes. Introduction: Maternal mental health problems are commonly experienced by women; however, they are usually not adequately recognized and treated by midwives in Malawi. Evidence suggests poor preservice education by nursing colleges which affects the development of essential maternal mental health competencies. Aim: The aim of the study was to review existing evidence on clinical teaching practices by nurse educators in teaching student midwives maternal mental health care. Method: Integrative review method was used, and various databases were searched. Out of 1768 articles, 27 research articles met the inclusion criteria. The critical appraisal skills programme checklist tools were used to assess data quality. Thematic analysis was done by comparing, grouping and integrating data. Results: Six themes emerged, namely: core maternal mental health competencies, professional regulation, interactive teaching strategies, collaborative partnerships, capacity building and shortage of resources. Discussion: Clinical teaching is an important aspect of midwifery education. Utilizing student‐centred teaching approaches helps students acquire competencies in maternal mental health care. Further research is required to identify the effectiveness of the clinical teaching methods. The Implication to Practice: The study results can assist nurse educators to provide comprehensive clinical teaching practices in maternal mental health care which will aid in the development of maternal mental health competencies among student midwives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mass media significantly contributes to the dissemination of scientific information, including health information on prevention, diagnosis, treatment, national programs, and government schemes. Aims and objectives: To identify the number of news articles related to health in 4 regional newspapers and to classify the news items in terms of type of disease/ health issue covered. Methodology: Four leading newspapers were reviewed to identify the health-related news, their importance in terms of location in the newspaper, and the type of health issue covered. These were further classified based on the level of evidence used. Results: We extracted 720 health-related articles; 411 in English and 309 in Kannada dailies. The English newspaper had maximum coverage on environment 95 (23.1%) and health advisories 60 (14.5%). The Kannada papers on the other hand were dominated by health advisories 65 (21%), followed by nutrition and fitness 48 (15.3%), and environment 40 (12.9%). After the articles were categorized according to their evidence, it was discovered that 92% of them were evidence-based, with 84% of those articles based on Grade-II evidence. Conclusion: Health news in newspapers varies, often focusing on environment and health advisories, and relies heavily on expert opinion rather than empirical data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Liver disease is a growing health concern and a major cause of death. It causes multiple symptoms, including financial, psychological and social issues. To address these challenges, palliative care can support people alongside active treatment, and towards the end of life, but little is known about the care experiences of individuals with liver disease in the United Kingdom. This review aimed to explore the palliative and end‐of‐life care experiences of people with liver disease in the United Kingdom. Method: A systematic review was conducted using a five‐stage process and following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses guidelines. Searches were across Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO and grey literature until 10 May 2023. The review was registered through International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). NVivo 12.5 was used to facilitate data analysis (systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42022382649). Results: Of 6035 papers (excluding duplicates) found from searches, five met the inclusion criteria of primary research related to adults with liver disease receiving palliative and/or end‐of‐life care in the United Kingdom, published in English. Reflexive thematic analysis of the data was conducted. The themes identified were the experiences of people with liver disease of relating to healthcare professionals, using services, receiving support, and experiences of information and communication. These were connected by an overarching concept of disempowerment versus empowerment, with the notion of person‐centred care as an important feature. Conclusion: This review has found variations in the care experiences of people with advanced liver disease towards the end of life and an overall lack of access to specialist palliative care services. Where services are designed to be person‐centred, experiences are more empowering. Further research is needed but with recognition that it is often unclear when care for people with liver disease is palliative or end‐of‐life. Patient and Public Contribution: An online public involvement workshop was held on 18 April 2023 through Voice (2023). This included four people with liver disease and four carers to discuss the review findings and to design a qualitative research study to further explore the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The industry has been significantly enhanced by recent developments in UAV collision avoidance systems. They made collision avoidance controllers for self-driving drones both affordable and hazardous. These low-maintenance, portable devices provide continuous monitoring in near-real time. It is inaccurate due to the fact that collision avoidance controllers necessitate trade-offs regarding data reliability. Collision avoidance control research is expanding significantly and is disseminated through publications, initiatives, and grey literature. This paper provides a concise overview of the most recent research on the development of autonomous vehicle collision avoidance systems from 2017 to 2024. In this paper, the state-of-the-art collision avoidance system used in drone systems, the capabilities of the sensors used, and the distinctions between each type of drone are discussed. The pros and cons of current approaches are analyzed using seven metrics: complexity, communication dependency, pre-mission planning, resilience, 3D compatibility, real-time performance, and escape trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a growing population of adults aged 50 years or older living with HIV, facing unique challenges in care due to age, minority status, and stigma. Co-design methodologies, aligning with patient-centered care, have potential for informing interventions addressing the complex needs of older adults with HIV. Despite challenges, co-design has shown promise in empowering older individuals to actively participate in shaping their care experiences. The scoping review outlined here aims to identify gaps in existing co-design work with this population, emphasizing the importance of inclusivity based on PROGRESS-Plus characteristics for future patient-oriented research. This scoping review protocol is informed by the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual to explore co-design methods in geriatric HIV care literature. The methodology encompasses six stages: 1) developing research questions, 2) creating a search strategy, 3) screening and selecting evidence, 4) data extraction, 5) data analysis using content analysis, and 6) consultation with key stakeholders, including community partners and individuals with lived experience. The review will involve a comprehensive literature search, including peer-reviewed databases and gray literature, to identify relevant studies conducted in the past 20 years. The inclusive criteria focus on empirical data related to co-design methods in HIV care for individuals aged 50 or older, aiming to inform future research and co-design studies in geriatric HIV care. The study will be limited by the exclusion of papers not published or translated to English. Additionally, the varied terminology used to describe co-design across different research may result in the exclusion of articles using alternative terms. The consultation with key stakeholders will be crucial for translating insights into meaningful co-design solutions for virtual HIV care, aiming to provide a comprehensive synthesis that informs evidence-based strategies and addresses disparities in geriatric HIV care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology is paving innovative ways to provide financial services and improve the efficiency of financial systems. Since it is a dynamic field of research, it is important to look back on the ever-changing field of financial technology. This paper aims to analyse the existing research on financial technology through a bibliometric approach. The data were gathered from the Scopus database using secondary sources, and the analysis is presented descriptively along with science-mapping techniques. This paper offers an overview of the influential journals, authors, and organizations contributing to financial technology research. The study focuses on citation, cocitation, bibliographic coupling, and coauthorship analysis within the collected corpus. It is worth noting that this study is limited by the use of only one database, Scopus and excludes grey literature, this could lead to skewed results but this can be an arena for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During natural catastrophes, hospital staff members' readiness for crisis management—particularly concerning patient evacuation and improving their safety—becomes paramount. This study aimed to identify the components contributing to hospital staff members' preparedness to evacuate patients in an emergency. Method: A systematic review was conducted by searching databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, and grey literature through May 2023. Studies that offered unique qualitative or quantitative data regarding hospital personnel readiness to evacuate patients in an emergency were included. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used to examine the extracted data points. Results: In total, there were 274 scientific articles. The total number of unique studies decreased to 181 after removing duplicate articles. 28 papers that were deemed appropriate for additional study were found based on the titles and abstracts of these articles. Eighteen papers that met the inclusion criteria were selected for the systematic review after their entire texts were finally assessed. Hospital staff preparedness for patient evacuation was divided into four primary topics and nineteen sub-themes. The four primary themes that emerged were management, communication, individual issues, and training on the evacuation process. Conclusion: The implementation of proper disaster evacuation training programs can be achieved by elevating the perceived sensitivity and protective motive of personnel and considering the personnel's stages of change. Training hospital staff to properly evacuate patients during disasters is also significantly impacted by other factors, such as effective administration, leadership and prompt and efficient communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Spinal cord compression is a pathology seen in routine clinical practice. However, there remain a number of unanswered questions around both the understanding of the pathogenesis and the best method of treatment of the condition. This is partly due to the issues of the real-life testing of the physical properties of the spinal cord, either through the use of cadaveric human specimens or through animal testing, both of which have methodological, as well as ethical, issues. Design and methods: This paper details a protocol for a systematic review of the literature on the mechanical properties of the spinal cord. We will conduct a literature search of a number of electronic databases, along with the grey literature, as a single-stage search. All literature will be screened for appropriate studies which will then be reviewed fully to extract relevant information on the methodology and mechanics of the reported testing along with the results. Two reviewers will separately screen and extract the data, with a comparison of results to ensure concordance. Conflicts will be resolved through discussion and independent arbitration as required. The methodological quality of the studies will be assessed within the ARRIVE guidelines using the CAMARADES framework and SYRCLE risk of bias tool. A narrative synthesis will be created with the appropriate tables to describe the demographics and findings of the included studies. Discussion: The systematic review described here will form the basis of an understanding of the current literature around the physical properties of the spinal cord. This will allow future work to develop a physical model of the spinal cord, which is translatable to patients for analysis and testing in a controlled and repeatable fashion. Such a model would be the basis for further clinical research to improve outcomes from this condition. Trial registration: Prospero registration number: CRD42022361933. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the potential of data analytics to enhance project delivery. Yet many argue that its application in projects is still lagging behind other disciplines. This paper aims to provide a review of the current use of data analytics in project delivery encompassing both academic research and practice to accelerate current understanding and use this to formulate questions and goals for future research. Design/methodology/approach: We propose to achieve the research aim through the creation of a systematic review of the status of data analytics in project delivery. Fusing the methodology of integrative literature review with a recently established practice to include both white and grey literature amounts to an approach tailored to the state of the domain. It serves to delineate a research agenda informed by current developments in both academic research and industrial practice. Findings: The literature review reveals a dearth of work in both academic research and practice relating to data analytics in project delivery and characterises this situation as having "more gap than knowledge." Some work does exist in the application of machine learning to predicting project delivery though this is restricted to disparate, single context studies that do not reach extendible findings on algorithm selection or key predictive characteristics. Grey literature addresses the potential benefits of data analytics in project delivery but in a manner reliant on "thought-experiments" and devoid of empirical examples. Originality/value: Based on the review we articulate a research agenda to create knowledge fundamental to the effective use of data analytics in project delivery. This is structured around the functional framework devised by this investigation and highlights both organisational and data analytic challenges. Specifically, we express this structure in the form of an "onion-skin" model for conceptual structuring of data analytics in projects. We conclude with a discussion about if and how today's project studies research community can respond to the totality of these challenges. This paper provides a blueprint for a bridge connecting data analytics and project management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper reports a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol that will be used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab, alone or combined with bevacizumab and other therapies, in adult women with cervical carcinoma from stage IB2 onwards. Methods: The protocol follows PRISMA-P recommendations and was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024531233). The search will be conducted without restrictions on language and year of publication in the following databases: Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cancerlit, The World Health Organization (WHO), International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) and Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Grey literature will be searched using the following sources: Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar and Opengrey. Manual search will be carried out for the reference lists of eligible studies. The studies will be selected independently by two reviewers and all completed or ongoing randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab, used alone or combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, bevacizumab or surgery, in adult women diagnosed with cervical cancer, will be included. The data extraction will include population characteristics, type of treatment and main outcomes of studies. The methodological quality of the studies will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0. The certainty of the evidence will be rated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE). Conclusions: The findings will be presented in narrative summary tables and a quantitative synthesis will be conducted using the 'meta' package of R software, version 4.3.1. This future systematic review may contribute with quality evidence for clinical decision-making on the use of pembrolizumab in women with cervical cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Aims Methods & Procedures Main Contributions Conclusions & Implications: WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS What is already known on this subject What this paper adds to the existing knowledge What are the practical and clinical implications of this work? There is increasing interest in the incorporation of animal‐assisted services (AAS) in therapy for adults with acquired neurogenic communication disorders. AAS have the potential to enhance speech and language therapy engagement and outcomes. However, a greater understanding of the nature and potential benefits of these interventions is needed.To describe the existing evidence for the incorporation of AAS in therapy with adults with acquired neurogenic communication disorders and to identify areas for future research.A scoping review was conducted and reported in alignment with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses checklist extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA‐ScR). Seven databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science) and grey literature (Google) were searched. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts against eligibility criteria using Covidence software. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist guided extraction of intervention data.A total of 17 studies with adults with aphasia, apraxia of speech and cognitive–communication disorders were included. While terminology varied, most interventions met the definition of animal‐assisted therapy or animal‐assisted activity and used therapy dogs. Across studies, a range of outcomes were targeted, and positive benefits were reported for participant mood, emotions, motivation and satisfaction. There were mixed, but mostly positive, benefits on social behaviour, communication and participation.AAS has been incorporated in therapy for adults with acquired neurogenic communication disorders, predominately with people with dementia. Across studies, communication impairments and AAS interventions were insufficiently or inconsistently described. Improved reporting would assist understanding of the potential benefits of AAS as an adjunct therapy. A quality appraisal of existing studies, and meta‐analysis of findings, is needed to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of AAS as a complementary therapy for people with acquired neurogenic communication disorders. There is increasing interest and research in AAS as an adjunct to traditional speech and language therapy. Several clinical populations have been shown to benefit from the incorporation of AAS as a complementary therapy approach, including adults with acquired neurogenic communication disorders. To date there has not been a comprehensive review of literature in the area. This review aimed to describe what is known about AAS as an adjunct intervention for adults with acquired neurogenic communication disorders. A total of 17 studies were identified, the majority conducted with people living with dementia. Overall, consistent positive benefits of AAS were reported on participant mood, positive emotions, motivation, and satisfaction. There were mixed, but mostly positive, benefits of AAS on social behaviour, including both verbal and non‐verbal communication outcomes, and participation. These results suggest a potential therapeutic benefit for the inclusion of AAS into traditional modalities used by speech–language therapists with people with acquired neurogenic communication disorders. However, clinicians should view these findings with caution. Studies were often insufficiently or inconsistently reported, and a quality appraisal and meta‐analysis of existing studies would be needed to draw clear conclusions on the effectiveness of AAS as a complementary approach for people with acquired neurogenic communication disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a growing body of evidence that adolescents, and other children, are responsible for a significant proportion of sexual abuse against children. However, there are substantial differences in how this phenomenon is defined and conceptualized between and within sectors. This scoping review explored the current definitions of harmful sexual behaviors (HSB), and other similar terms, used across a range of stakeholder groups. In all, 141 papers were reviewed from both empirical and gray literature sources, including key policy and practice documents. Included papers needed to list a clear definition for the behavior of interest. There was disagreement and inconsistency across the included papers in their conceptualization of harmful, abusive, or problematic sexual behavior (PSB) in children and adolescents. Although the term HSB has been adopted as an umbrella term or continuum in many policy, practice, and research settings, there is a large variance in behaviors, treatment needs, etiology, and harms present across different types of sexual behavior. Relying solely on one term to describe a wide range of sexual behaviors in children and young people may limit the understanding of this issue and imply similarities between groups that are not present. We suggest that clearly defined subsets of HSB, such as sexual abuse, technology-assisted HSB, and PSB, may give more context to the behavior of concern and may be helpful in informing further research, prevention, and best practice approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite advances made in curbing the global malaria burden since the 2000s, progress has stalled, in part due to a plateauing of the financing available to implement needed interventions. In 2020, approximately 3.3 billion USD was invested globally for malaria interventions, falling short of the targeted 6.8 billion USD set by the GTS, increasing the financial gap between desirable and actual investment. Models for malaria control optimization are used to disentangle the most efficient interventions or packages of interventions for inherently constrained budgets. This systematic review aimed to identify and characterise models for malaria control optimization for resource allocation in limited resource settings and assess their strengths and limitations. Methods: Following the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews and Preferred reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, a comprehensive search across PubMed and Embase databases was performed of peer-reviewed literature published from inception until June 2024. The following keywords were used: optimization model; malaria; control interventions; elimination interventions. Editorials, commentaries, opinion papers, conference abstracts, media reports, letters, bulletins, pre-prints, grey literature, non-English language studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses were excluded from the search. Results: The search yielded 2950 records, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The studies were carried out mainly in countries in Africa (53.3%), such as Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, and countries in Asia (26.7%), such as Thailand and Myanmar. The most used interventions for analyses were insecticide-treated bed nets (93.3%), IRS (80.0%), Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (33.3%) and Case management (33.3%). The methods used for estimating health benefits were compartmental models (40.0%), individual-based models (40.0%), static models (13.0%) and linear regression model (7%). Data used in the analysis were validated country-specific data (60.0%) or non-country-specific data (40.0%) and were analysed at national only (40.0%), national and subnational levels (46.7%), or subnational only levels (13.3%). Conclusion: This review identified available optimization models for malaria resource allocation. The findings highlighted the need for country-specific analysis for malaria control optimization, the use of country-specific epidemiological and cost data in performing modelling analyses, performing cost sensitivity analyses and defining the perspective for the analysis, with an emphasis on subnational tailoring for data collection and analysis for more accurate and good quality results. It is critical that the future modelling efforts account for fairness and target at risk malaria populations that are hard-to-reach to maximize impact. Trial registration: PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42023436966 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Currently, there are more than 55 million people living with dementia worldwide. Supporting people with dementia to live as independently as possible in their communities is a global public health objective. There is limited research exploring the implementation of such interventions in the community context. The aim of the review was to create and refine programme theory – in the form of context mechanism-outcome configurations – on how the characteristics of dementia-friendly communities (DFCs) as geographical locations interact with their social and organisational contexts to understand what works for whom and why. Methods: This realist review sourced literature from 5 electronic databases: Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Medline, Scopus, PsychINFO and Google Scholar, as well as relevant websites such as Alzheimer's Society to identify grey literature. Methodological rigour was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. Results: Seven papers were included in this realist review that focused on DFCs in a geographical context The implementation of DFC interventions emerged as a process characterised by two pivotal implementation phases, intricately linked with sub-interventions. The first intervention, termed Hierarchy Commitment (I1a/b), involves the formalisation of agreements by businesses and organizations, along with the implementation of dementia-friendly action plans. Additionally, Educational Resources (I1c) play a significant role in this phase, engaging individuals with dementia and their caregivers in educational initiatives. The second phase, Geographical/Environmental Requirements (I2), encompasses the establishment of effective dementia-friendly signage, accessible meeting places, and community support. Conclusions: This realist review highlighted a theoretical framework that might guide the development of dementia-friendly communities to enhance the experiences of individuals with dementia and their caregivers within DFCs. Emphasising the need for a theoretical framework in developing geographical DFCs, the review outlines contextual elements, mechanisms, and outcomes, providing a foundation for future studies. The ultimate goal is to establish a robust body of evidence for the sustainable implementation of dementia-friendly communities, thereby improving the quality of life for those with dementia. Study registration: This study is registered as PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022317784. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The practise of paramedicine can be highly stressful particularly where urgent lifesaving decisions need to be made. Traditionally, educators have adopted the approach of placing students in simulated stressful situations as a way of learning to cope with these challenges. It is unclear from the literature whether traditional stress inoculation enhances or hinders learning. This scoping review aims to identify and examine both the peer-reviewed and grey literature reporting physiological stress responses to high-acuity scenarios in paramedicine and cognate healthcare disciplines. Methods: Adhering strictly to JBI Evidence Synthesis Manual for conducting a scoping review, medical subject headings and areas, keywords and all other possible index terms were searched across EBSCOhost (Medline, CINAHL and APA PsycInfo), Scopus and, PubMed. English language articles both published (peer-reviewed academic papers, reports and conference proceedings) and unpublished (grey literature, Google Scholar reports) were included, and publications citing retrieved articles were also checked. Results: Searches performed across five electronic databases identified 52 articles where abstracts indicated potential inclusion. From this, 22 articles which reported physiological or psychophysiological responses to stressful scenario-based education were included. Conclusion: This review identified that an acceptable level of stress during simulation can be beneficial, however a point can be exceeded where stress becomes a hinderance to learning resulting in underperformance. By identifying strategies to moderate the impact of acute stress, educators of paramedic and other healthcare students can utilise high-acuity clinical scenarios to their andragogical armamentarium which has the potential to improve real-world clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID‐19 pandemic, caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, has resulted in illness, deaths and societal disruption on a global scale. Societies have implemented various control measures to reduce transmission of the virus and mitigate its impact. Individual behavioural changes are crucial to the successful implementation of these measures. One commonly recommended measure to limit risk of infection is face covering. It is important to identify those factors that can predict the uptake and maintenance of face covering. Objectives: We aimed to identify and synthesise the evidence on malleable psychological and psychosocial factors that determine uptake and adherence to face covering aimed at reducing the risk of infection or transmission of COVID‐19. Search Methods: We searched various literature sources including electronic databases (Medline ALL, Child Development & Adolescent Studies, ERIC, PsycInfo, CINAHL & Web of Science), web searches, conference proceedings, government reports, other repositories of literature and grey literature. The search strategy was built around three concepts of interest including (1) context (terms relating to COVID19), (2) behaviour of interest and (3) terms related to psychological and psychosocial determinants of COVID Health‐Related Behaviours and adherence or compliance with face covering, to capture malleable determines. Searches capture studies up until October 2021. Selection Criteria: Eligibility criteria included observational studies (both retrospective and prospective) and experimental studies that measure and report malleable psychological and psychosocial determinants and handwashing at an individual level, amongst the general public. Screening was supported by the Cochrane Crowd. Studies titles and abstracts were screened against the eligibility criteria by three independent screeners. Following this, all potentially relevant studies were screened at full‐text level by the research team. All conflicts between screeners were resolved by discussion between the core research team. Data Collection and Analysis: All data extraction was managed in EPPI‐Reviewer software. All eligible studies, identified through full‐text screening were extracted by one author. We extracted data on study information, population, determinant, behaviour and effects. A second author checked data extraction on 20% of all included papers. All conflicts were discussed by the two authors until consensus was reached. We assessed methodological quality of all included studies using an adapted version of the Joanna Briggs Institute Quality appraisal tool for cross‐sectional studies. Main Results: Our initial searches yielded 23,587 results, of which 23 were included in this review. The included studies were cross‐sectional in design, came from nine countries and had a combined sample of 54,401 participants. The vast majority of studies had samples from the general public, with five of the studies focusing on specific samples. All included studies considered people over the age of 18. The quality of 10 of the studies was rated as unclear, 10 were rated as low, and 3 rated high risk of bias, predominately due to lack of reporting of recruitment, sample characteristics and methodology. Ten studies were included in the meta‐analysis and 16 in the narrative synthesis. Findings from the meta‐analysis indicated that knowledge of COVID‐19 (0.341, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.06, 0.530, I2 = 100%) was the malleable determinant most associated with face covering behaviour. Perceived susceptibility of COVID‐19 (r = 0.088, 95% CI = −0.004, 0.180, I2 = 80%) and COVID‐related worry and anxiety (r = 0.064, 95% CI = −0.066, 0.191, I2 = 93% had little to no effect on face covering behaviour. In the narrative synthesis, the strongest association was found between perceived benefits and effectiveness of behaviours and mask wearing behaviour. Authors' Conclusions: Understanding the effects of various malleable determinants on COVID‐related face covering can aid in the development and implementation of interventions and public health campaigns to promote face covering behaviour in potential new waves of COVID‐19 or other respiratory infections. Knowledge of COVID and perceived benefits of face coverings warrant further consideration in future research and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As global migration increases, nurse managers' effectiveness in multi-cultural nursing work environments is crucial due to the rising cultural diversity within healthcare teams. Despite the increasing international recruitment of qualified nurses to address the worldwide nursing shortage, no studies have synthesised the impact of nurse managers' attributes on nurses in multi-cultural nursing teams. Therefore, it was conducted a literature review aimed to synthesise the available literature on how nurse managers' personality traits, competencies, behaviours, and leadership styles influence nurse outcomes in multi-cultural nursing teams. Methods: Scoping review conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines to map the relationship or influence of nurse managers' personality traits, competencies, behaviours, and leadership styles on the outcomes of nurses in multi-cultural settings across various clinical environments. Searches were conducted across electronic databases such as CINAHL and MEDLINE, along with grey literature. Results: This review included 39 studies, highlighting 29 personality traits, 9 competencies, 115 behaviours, and 5 leadership styles that impact nurses' outcomes. Key findings emphasise the importance of nurse managers being supportive, culturally competent, and effective communicators, with transformational leadership style being particularly beneficial. Conclusions: These findings provide insights for planning and developing training programmes to equip current and future nurse managers with skills to effectively lead in multi-cultural care settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, food systems are undergoing major transformations to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, there are a lack of comprehensive reviews on this topic in developing countries. This work highlights food systems' transition towards sustainability, focusing on Morocco. It was carried out through searching, selecting, evaluating, and synthesizing existing relevant scholarly and gray literature. In Morocco, a meaningful transition towards sustainability is being guided and carried out on several levels, despite numerous challenges, e.g., inability to cope with the detrimental effects of climate change and escalating water scarcity constitute fundamental problems. However, there are conflicting views on the outcomes of food system transformation. Some studies showed that Morocco has increased its agri-food export and reduced poverty to less than 5% of the population over the past decade; the proportion of wasted and malnourished children has declined from 25 to 15% and 4 to 3%, respectively, and the 2023 Global Hunger Index (GHI) showed a score of 9.0. Other studies showed that North Africa has entered a food security crisis; specifically, food inflation has reached unprecedented levels in Morocco. This paper provides valuable insights for policymakers and planners to design evidence-based policies and strategies to boost sustainable development in Morocco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among adolescents, HIV/AIDs remains a significant cause of death globally [1–4]. Given the unique stages in human development, adolescents have been shown to fall within a sexually active phase. Combined with other social and structural factors in their immediate environments, HIV prevention and care among adolescents can be filled with challenges for intervention. This paper outlines this protocol to systematically review peer-reviewed literature in prevention and care among adolescents 10–19 years. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) will be used to report this scoping review. The review will involve screening and extracting data using covidence as the primary tool. The review will encompass quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies, utilizing a search strategy from electronic databases such as PubMed (NCBI), Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate), Embase (Elsevier), and Scopus (Elsevier). Additionally, a search will be conducted for grey literature using Global Index Medicus (WHO), MedNar (Deep Web Technologies), and Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane). Duplicate removal and selection of articles that meet the inclusion criteria for the study will be performed using Covidence. Once the screening process is complete, data will be extracted from the full-text screened articles in Covidence. We will pilot the extracted data in Covidence to ensure that all relevant information has been captured, making necessary changes if required. Data extraction will be carried out by at least two authors, with any conflicts resolved by the same authors. If a conflict cannot be resolved between the two, a third author will make a final determination. We aim to analyze data thematically by employing a grounded theory approach to generate codes pertinent to the research question. The team will review and discuss codes to create a cohesive set of codes that will be instrumental in identifying knowledge gaps and constructing themes that summarize the data. The proposed systematic review will be among the pioneering efforts to rigorously assess global data on HIV prevention and care, with a specific focus on adolescents 10–19 years. It will consider the diverse socio-economic factors and experiences shaping these adolescents' lives in HIV prevention and care. We expect this review to yield critical insights into the present landscape of HIV prevention and care for individuals aged 10–19. These findings will also play a pivotal role in shaping the development of a global framework that researchers and stakeholders can readily adopt and implement across socio-economic contexts. This framework will aim to address the unique needs of all adolescents concerning HIV prevention and care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nursing home residents often have life limiting illnesses in combination with multiple comorbidities, cognitive deficits, and frailty. Due to these complex characteristics, a high proportion of nursing home residents require palliative care. However, many do not receive palliative care relative to this need resulting in unmet care needs. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no literature reviews to synthesise the evidence on how nursing home staff identify unmet palliative care needs and to determine what guidelines, policies, and frameworks on identifying unmet palliative care needs of nursing home residents are available. Aim: The aim of this scoping review is to map and summarise the evidence on identifying unmet palliative care needs of residents in nursing homes. Methods: This scoping review will be guided by the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. The search will be conducted in CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, APA PsycINFO, and APA PsycArticles. A search of grey literature will also be conducted in databases such as CareSearch, Trip, GuidelineCentral, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the National Institute for Health and Care and Excellence website. The search strategy will be developed in conjunction with an academic librarian. Piloting of the screening process will be conducted to ensure agreement among the team on the eligibility criteria. Covidence software will be used to facilitate deduplication, screening, and blind reviewing. Four reviewers will conduct title and abstract screening. Six reviewers will conduct full text screening. Any conflicts will be resolved by a reviewer not involved in the conflict. One reviewer will conduct data extraction using pre-established data extraction tables. Results will be synthesised, and a narrative synthesis will be used to illustrate the findings of this review. Data will be presented visually using tables, figures, and word clouds, as appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are pivotal tools for malaria prevention in endemic regions like Ghana. Understanding the protective factors and barriers influencing ITN ownership and usage is crucial for designing effective interventions. A scoping review was conducted to identify studies exploring protective factors and barriers related to ITN ownership and usage. Methods: This review followed the guidelines by Askey and O'Malley. Search was done in four major databases including PubMed, Science Direct, PubMed CENTRAL, and JSTOR. Additional searches were done in Google Scholar and Google. Peer-reviewed and grey literature were included. Results: A total of 24 papers met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Included studies found regional disparities in ITN ownership and usage. Furthermore, included studies reported ownership rates between 97.8 and 28% and usage rates between 94 and 20%. Protective factors facilitating ITN ownership were marital status, higher educational attainment, higher income levels, and being aged 25 years or older. In contrast, the factors for its use included community-level campaigns advocating for ITN use and awareness, individuals with secondary education or higher and those residing in urban areas. Missed opportunities in free distribution exercises and the unavailability of subsidized ITNs at health facilities were barriers to ownership. Conclusion: Understanding and addressing protective factors and barriers influencing ITN ownership and usage are crucial for enhancing malaria prevention strategies and achieving sustainable progress in combating malaria in endemic areas. Collaborative and evidence-based interventions are essential for addressing these challenges effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Exposure to natural environments, such as parks, forests, and green areas, is often linked to a decrease in stress, anxiety and depression, while contributing to improved emotional wellbeing. These observations are supported by well-established theories, such as the Stress Reduction Theory and Attention Restoration Theory, which highlight the psychological benefits of interacting with nature. However, the relationship between exposure to nature and emotions, and in particular, with emotional regulation, is an evolving aspect of research with no clear conclusions. Emotional regulation can be deliberate in nature, where individuals voluntarily participate in modifying various aspects of their emotions, such as their type, intensity, quality or duration. Alternatively, it may be automatic, originating from sensory perception and acting without full awareness, but significantly influencing emotional experiences. In this context, the environmental self-regulation hypothesis, suggests that people consciously or unconsciously use their physical environment to regulate their emotions. Method: To analyze the evidence of the relationship between contact with nature and emotional regulation, we conducted this review. Using the PRISMA statement as a reference, we conducted keyword searches in five databases in the period between 2013 and 2023. The databases selected were Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, PsycINFO and ScienceDirect. Results: In addition, a manual search was carried out of journals in the research field. Initially, from which gray literature, reviews and duplicates were removed in a first step. The resulting articles were then filtered using their titles and abstracts. Subsequently, the abstracts of the 25 selected articles were reviewed and discussed by researchers to reach a final decision based on consensus about the adequacy of each paper. Finally, nine articles were included in the systematic review. Discussion: In general terms, this review suggests that research on the relationship between contact with nature and emotional regulation provides valuable insights into how natural environments can contribute to the emotional wellbeing and physical and mental health of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept and potential of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) has been the subject of significant debate in academia and industry for nearly a decade. There are several city-based Mobility as a Service (MaaS) pilots globally. There remains a significant lack of practitioner evidence of MaaS with the focus on city-based solutions rather than in rural and suburban areas. To that end, this paper asks four research questions to contribute to the gap in Rural MaaS (RMaaS) and Urban MaaS (UMaaS); firstly, is MaaS a mobility option for rural areas given the identified evidence in scientific literature? Secondly, how do practitioner experiences with MaaS (in all areas) differ considering factors like phraseology, geography, available modes, transportation, the origin and implementation stages? Thirdly, what practical learnings can be drawn from practitioners in the field? Fourthly, what is the future of MaaS for rural and urban areas. The research and findings are based upon grey literature and twenty semi-structured interviews with representatives from research or government organisations, public bodies, MaaS technology suppliers, transport operators and experts. Each participant discussed and contributed to the practicalities around real-world applications of MaaS in urban, regional, or rural areas. The analysis produced 2 applied tools which will be useful to practitioners interested in MaaS; a Thematic Map visualising the common matters emerging from the interviews revolving around 'People, Policy, Practice and Pilots (4Ps); a Practical Framework for Implementing MaaS tool, which can be used by any practitioner at any stage of a MaaS project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Imposter Phenomenon (IP) is a subjective feeling of intellectual fraudulence and self-doubt experienced by individuals in goal-orientated high-achieving professions. The impact of IP within healthcare has been associated with individual physical and mental health and concerns around training, career progression and DEI at an institutional level. To effectively address IP in healthcare, this scoping review aims to explore educational interventions designed to empower high-achieving individuals with the tools needed to confront and overcome IP. Methods: The scoping review adhered to a predetermined protocol informed by the JBI methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines in order to identify educational interventions addressing IP in high-achieving industries. Articles were searched across multiple databases, including MEDLINE (Ovid), PsychINFO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science, alongside grey literature, without imposing any time constraints. A systematic approach including a thematic analysis allowed for a nuanced exploration and interpretation of the identified educational interventions and their impact on addressing IP. Results: Seventeen articles were incorporated into the review, with the majority originating from the USA and majority being published since 2020. Ten studies targeted healthcare professionals, undergraduate and postgraduate healthcare students. Majority of studies aimed at addressing IP, featured a larger number of female participants than males. Workshops with self-reflection and group-guided exercises to overcome IP were the most popular educational interventions. Coaching and structured supervision were also suggested. Across all papers, three themes emerged for coping strategies: individual, peer-to-peer, and institutional. Conclusions: This scoping review suggests how group and individual interventions such as workshops, small group discussions and coaching can be used to overcome IP in healthcare. Institutional changes like diversity promotion, supervisor education, and support networks are crucial in addressing IP. Further long term and speciality specific assessments are needed to measure impact. Overall, the review highlights how educational awareness and a variety of strategies can be implemented to create a supportive environment for professionals dealing with IP, promoting their well-being and success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: When deciding whether to implement an intervention, decision-makers typically have questions on feasibility and acceptability and on factors affecting implementation. Descriptions of programme implementation and of policies and systems are rich sources of information for these questions. However, this information is often not based on empirical data collected using explicit methods. To use the information in unconventional source materials in syntheses or other decision support products, we need methods of assessing their strengths and limitations. This paper describes the development and content of the Assessing unConventional Evidence (ACE) tool, a new tool to assess the strengths and limitations of these sources. Methods: We developed the ACE tool in four stages: first, we examined existing tools to identify potentially relevant assessment criteria. Second, we drew on these criteria and team discussions to create a first draft of the tool. Third, we obtained feedback on the draft from potential users and methodologists, and through piloting the tool in evidence syntheses. Finally, we used this feedback to iteratively refine the assessment criteria and to improve our guidance for undertaking the assessment. Results: The tool is made up of 11 criteria including the purpose and context of the source; the completeness of the information presented; and the extent to which evidence is provided to support the findings made. Users are asked to indicate whether each of the criteria have been addressed. On the basis of their judgements for each criterion, users then make an overall assessment of the limitations of the source, ranging from no or very minor concerns to serious concerns. These assessments can then facilitate appropriate use of the evidence in decision support products. Conclusions: Through focussing on unconventional source materials, the ACE tool fills an important gap in the range of tools for assessing the strengths and limitations of policy-relevant evidence and supporting evidence-informed decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital mental health technologies and services are here. More are coming. Such technologies and services present both risks and opportunities. At their best, they may enhance the most humane, communal and caring parts of our social systems and communities. At their worst, they may reinforce reductionist approaches to distress and crisis, increase surveillance and control, as well as extracting data and wealth from people seeking care. In this paper, we argue that lived experience‐led governance and collaborative development of these technologies and services will enhance the best opportunities and mitigate against the biggest risks. This paper provides a commentary emerging from work by authors with lived experience, and those without, that explored accountability in digital mental health technologies and services. The commentary offers guidance to anyone interested in supporting lived experience‐led, and collaborative governance of, digital mental health technologies. This guidance, drawing on interdisciplinary and lived experience‐led research and grey literature, assists readers in understanding why collaboration should take place, when, where and with whom, on what issues this could start, and how collaborators should approach this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Schistosomiasis is a common public health problem throughout the world and Schistosoma mansoni is the most prevalent species in Africa. Most endemic countries use the Kato–Katz (KK) stool smear examination for diagnosis, mapping, and monitoring of intervention programs. However, its poor sensitivity calls for an urgency to evaluate and use more accurate diagnostic tools, of which detection of circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) in urine seems promising. Methods. Studies published until May 2022 were searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and grey literature for systematic review and meta‐analysis following the PRISMA guideline. Eligible studies were selected based on preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality of included studies was assessed using the QUADAS‐2 tool. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistics. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4.1 and Meta‐DiSc 1.4 software programs. Results. Thirty‐seven studies published in 29 papers and enrolling 21159 study participants were included for analysis. Overall analysis of Point‐of‐Care Circulating Cathodic Antigen (POC‐CCA) test against KK reference standard revealed a pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.85–0.87) and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.65–0.67), respectively. Subgroup analysis among 24 studies comparing single POC‐CCA with test single KK revealed a high sensitivity (0.88) but low specificity (0.66). Based on findings of 24 studies, the area under the curve (AUC) for the systematic receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was 0.7805, indicating that the POC‐CCA test effectively separates those with the disease from those who do not have it. Higher sensitivity estimates of 0.93 and 0.90 were reported when comparisons were made between test results of 2 urine and 1 stool samples, and 3 urine and 3 stool samples, respectively. Single POC‐CCA test resulted in a pooled sensitivity estimate of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.78–0.84) as evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reference test. Conclusions. The POC‐CCA test has higher sensitivity than KK and may serve as a routine diagnostic alternative for disease diagnosis, mapping, and monitoring of interventions. However, its accuracy should further be evaluated at different transmission settings and infection intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current cost-effectiveness analyses (CEA) emphasize drug costs as the differentiator between NICE recommended anti-VEGF treatments but may neglect real-world non-drug costs of running nAMD services in the UK. To address this, this study identified real-world non-drug service cost items relevant to UK NHS nAMD clinics, including costs arising from operational strain (demand exceeding capacity). Cost items were identified by a structured literature review of peer-reviewed and grey literature, and an expert panel of 10 UK-based ophthalmologists with relevance to real-world practice. These items underwent meta-synthesis and were then determined in a consensus exercise. Of 237 cost items identified, 217 (91.6%) met the consensus threshold of >0.51 and were included in the nAMD Service Non-Drug Cost Instrument (nAS). Sensitivity of cost items taken from UK Health Technology Assessment (HTA) using the nAS as the reference standard was low (HTAmin: 1.84%, 95% CI 0.50–4.65%; HTAmax: 70.51%, 95% CI 63.96–76.49%). False negative rates showed variable likelihood of misclassifying a service by cost burden depending on prevalence. Scenario analysis using cost magnitudes estimated annual per-patient clinic cost at £845 (within capacity) to £13,960 (under strain) compared to an HTAmin estimate of £210. Accounting for cost of strain under an assumed 50% increase in health resource utilization influenced cost-effectiveness in a hypothetical genericisation scenario. Findings suggested that HTA underestimates UK NHS nAMD clinic cost burden with cost of strain contributing substantial additional unmeasured expense with impact on CEA. Given potential undertreatment due to strain, durability is suggested as one of the relevant factors in CEA of nAMD anti-VEGF treatments due to robustness under limited capacity conditions affecting UK ophthalmology services. When considering how well treatments work versus how much they cost, the focus is usually only on the price of the medicine itself. However, other real-world costs exist. In the UK, when treating certain eye problems such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), there are additional expenses related to running clinics and managing treatments that often go unnoticed. To get a better understanding of these hidden costs, the study examined factors like clinic workload and the extra expenses that come with it. Ten eye doctors in the UK were consulted for their expert opinions and numerous research papers were reviewed to identify these additional costs. The study grouped different costs in a tool called the nAMD Service Non-Drug Cost Instrument (nAS). When the findings of the nAS tool were compared to the usual methods of calculating costs, it was found that the conventional approach overlooked many of the actual expenses. Busy clinics face unique challenges, such as higher operational costs associated with staffing for extended hours, emergency appointments, extended waiting times and the potential to miss optimal treatment windows. This can lead to disease progression and the onset of comorbidities, which require more complex and costly treatments. Recognizing these real costs is crucial when making decisions about treatments, especially when treatments require more frequent visits to eye clinics. This study emphasizes the importance of considering all expenses, not just the obvious ones like medication and doctor visits when determining the most effective way to manage eye conditions like nAMD in the UK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Meaningful involvement of adolescents in health research is their fundamental human right and has many benefits. A lack of awareness among researchers on how to meaningfully involve adolescents in health research has been linked to adolescent under involvement in health research. To address this barrier, studies have reported the need for more guidance. To inform the development of better guidelines on adolescent involvement, there is a need to first consolidate the currently available guidance on adolescent involvement in health research and to identify the gaps in these guidelines. This review aims to systematically identify all the currently available guidelines on adolescent involvement in health research and evaluate their scope, content, context, and quality. Methods: This rapid review was pre‐registered with PROSPERO #CRD42021293586. It included documents that incorporated tangible recommendations on the involvement of adolescents in health research. We searched six databases for peer‐reviewed literature: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and ERIC. We conducted a grey literature search in Google Scholar, Google, websites of 472 relevant organisations and sought expert input. The quality of the guidelines was assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch & Evaluation (AGREE‐II) Instrument. Data was analysed using descriptive analyses and narrative synthesis. Results: We found that the current guidelines on adolescent involvement in health research are often narrow in scope, targeting specific users and populations while focusing on limited research areas. The guidelines individually fail to provide comprehensive coverage of recommendations across all topics related to adolescent research involvement, that are collectively addressed across all included guidelines. Furthermore, these guidelines tend to be context‐specific and are generally of low quality, often due to inadequate stakeholder involvement and a lack of rigorous development methods. Conclusion: This review provides a consolidated list of guidelines on adolescent involvement in health research along with their quality scores as a resource for researchers to select the guidelines suitable for their research topic, context, and scope for adolescent involvement. There is a need to develop a set of guidelines on adolescent involvement in research, which are comprehensive in scope, cover all key aspects of adolescent involvement in health research, can be adapted for different contexts, and which are based on rigorous and systematic methods. Patient and Public Involvement: Adolescent co‐researchers D. B. and C. W. were involved at different stages of the review process. D. B. screened 25% of the peer‐reviewed articles at the title and abstract screening stage and 10% at full‐text screening stage. C. W. extracted data from 10% of the included guidelines. Both co‐researchers reviewed and shared their feedback on the article and are co‐authors on this paper. They will also be invited to contribute to further dissemination of the findings from this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]