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To investigate if a written guide or augmented reality (AR) guide improves free recall of diversified chiropractic adjusting technique and to capture participants' impressions of the study in a poststudy questionnaire. Thirty-eight chiropractic students were evaluated for diversified listing (a nomenclature denoting vertebral malposition and correction) recall, pre-AR and post-AR, or written guide review. The vertebral segments used were C7 and T6. Two randomized groups reviewed an original course written guide (n = 18) or a new AR guide (n = 20). A Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney (C7) and t test (T6) compared group differences in reevaluation scores. A poststudy questionnaire was given to capture participants' impressions of the study. Both groups showed no significant differences in free recall scores after reviewing the guides for C7 or T6. The poststudy questionnaire suggested a number of strategies could be used to improve current teaching material such as more detail in the written guides and organizing content into smaller blocks. Use of an AR or written guide does not seem to change participants' free recall ability when used to review diversified technique listings. The poststudy questionnaire was useful to identify strategies to improve currently used teaching material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on a review of "Professional practice and inquiry I" in response to local and national developments. The introduction of The New Zealand Curriculum (Ministry of Education, 2007) raised questions for initial teacher educators about how they might prepare their pre-service student teachers to teach using this updated curriculum. "Professional practice and inquiry I" is a first semester compulsory professional paper University of Waikato Bachelor of Teaching students (primary). The introduction of the 2007 national curriculum document was not the only reason for a review of this professional paper. This paper outlines how the teaching team had recognized the mixture of influences that impact on the development of paper content, explains in some detail what we did for the teaching and learning of the new 2007 key competencies, and the outcomes we found through collecting student voice. This was part of a collaborative research project investigating the teaching and learning of the "front end" of The New Zealand Curriculum (ibid) and incorporating those findings into the primary Bachelor of Teaching programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The occurrence of thyroid cancer is increasing throughout the developed world and since the 1990s has become the fastest increasing malignancy. In 2014, a total of 2693 Australians and 302 New Zealanders were diagnosed with thyroid cancer, with this number projected to rise to 3650 in 2018. The purpose of this protocol is to establish a binational population-based clinical quality registry with the aim of monitoring and improving the quality of care provided to patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer in Australia and New Zealand., Methods and Analysis: The Australian and New Zealand Thyroid Cancer Registry (ANZTCR) aims to capture clinical data for all patients over the age of 16 years with thyroid cancer, confirmed by histopathology report, who have been diagnosed, assessed or treated at a contributing hospital. A multidisciplinary steering committee was formed which, with operational support from Monash University, established the ANZTCR in early 2017. The pilot phase of the registry is currently operating in Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, Western Australia and South Australia, with over 20 sites expected to come on board across Australia in 2018. A modified Delphi process was undertaken to determine the clinical quality indicators to be reported by the registry, and a minimum data set was developed comprising information regarding thyroid cancer diagnosis, pathology, surgery and 90-day follow-up., Future Plans: The establishment of the ANZTCR provides the opportunity for Australia and New Zealand to further understand current practice in the treatment of thyroid cancer and identify variation in outcomes. The engagement of endocrine surgeons in supporting this initiative is crucial. While the pilot registry has a focus on early clinical outcomes, it is anticipated that future collection of longer term outcome data particularly for patients with poor prognostic disease will add significant further value to the registry., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Aims: To evaluate mortality and cancer incidence in a cohort of workers employed in the New Zealand pulp and paper industry, and to identify the exposures responsible for any increased risk., Methods: A total of 8456 workers employed for at least one year in three pulp and paper mills between 1978 and 1990 were followed up until 1992. The observed number of deaths and cancer cases was compared with expected numbers calculated using five-year age-specific rates for the New Zealand population., Results: Vital status was determined for 81% of the cohort, and for 93% of the total person-years at risk. Mortality from all causes (standardised mortality ratios (SMR) = 0.80, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.71-0.89; 314 deaths), and from all malignant neoplasms (SMR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.78-1.15, 103 deaths), was lower than expected. Mortality from lung cancer (SMR = 1.33, 95% CI 0.94-1.83, 37 deaths) was marginally increased., Conclusions: No overall increase in mortality from cancer or other causes was observed in this cohort. A small increase in lung cancer risk is suggested, although this was not statistically significant. Numbers of cases were too small for detailed analyses of associations between disease and specific exposures.

Background: Although exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of life, research suggests that breastfeeding initiation rates and duration among Indigenous communities differ from this recommendation. Qualitative studies point to a variety of factors influencing infant feeding decisions; however, there has been no collective review of this literature published to date. Therefore, the objective of this scoping review was to identify and summarize the qualitative literature regarding Indigenous infant feeding experiences within Canada, the United States, Australia, and Aotearoa. Methods: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses- Scoping Reviews and the Joanna Briggs Institute Guidelines, in October 2020, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched for relevant papers focusing on Indigenous infant feeding experiences. Screening and full-text review was completed by two independent reviewers. A grey literature search was also conducted using country-specific Google searches and targeted website searching. The protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework and published in BMJ Open. Results: Forty-six papers from the five databases and grey literature searches were included in the final review and extraction. There were 18 papers from Canada, 11 papers in the US, 9 studies in Australia and 8 studies conducted in Aotearoa. We identified the following themes describing infant feeding experiences through qualitative analysis: colonization, culture and traditionality, social perceptions, family, professional influences, environment, cultural safety, survivance, establishing breastfeeding, autonomy, infant feeding knowledge, and milk substitutes, with family and culture having the most influence on infant feeding experiences based on frequency of themes. Conclusions: This review highlights key influencers of Indigenous caregivers' infant feeding experiences, which are often situated within complex social and environmental contexts with the role of family and culture as essential in supporting caregivers. There is a need for long-term follow-up studies that partner with communities to support sustainable policy and program changes that support infant and maternal health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a position paper, based on, and supported by, the extensive literature on the topic of Maori underachievement in education in Aotearoa/New Zealand. It places emphasis on what underachieving Maori students need to reach their full potential and ways in which educationalists can assist. I am of mixed heritage raised amongst three world views--Dalmatian, Maori and Pakeha. I have been fortunate in being exposed to a wide spectrum of environments and cultures, and therefore see, and am seen, through these associated lenses. My involvement in Aotearoa New Zealand education, as both teacher and student, has also provided me with the insight to learn and teach using both Pakeha and Maori approaches. I do not claim that the position I take in this paper is the accepted view of all on Maori underachievement; rather, it is the result of my personal experiences which is also backed by evidence from research literature. The paper argues that effective relationships between home and school, teacher and student, together with a constructivist, cooperative, collaborative approach in the classroom can improve Maori students' achievements and enable them to reach their full potential. It calls for further research focused on Maori students' underachievement to ensure their aspirations are considered and acted upon.

A conference paper on Rape in Aotearoa, New Zealand in the newspapers between the span of 1975–2015 is presented. It discusses the current scenario of silencing and objectification of women covered in various range of media forms including newspapers, women's magazines and pornography. The author presents his views regarding the representation of rape in newspaper articles and the language usage that objectifies women.

In 2007, the Malaysia government initiated twinned primary teacher education arrangements with five Southern Hemisphere higher education institutions (HEIs). Participating students completed their teacher education in both Malaysia and a partner HEI. In this paper, we consider the preliminary findings of a comparative study tracking the beginning teacher journeys of 13 Malaysia based twinning programme graduates and six New Zealand based teachers. The study involved two aspects: (1) a comparative discourse analysis of key Malaysia and New Zealand education policy documents; and (2) thematic and discourse analysis of participants' reflections on their early teaching experiences. Our focus is on beginning teachers as "policy workers": policy subjects whose work is shaped and constrained by policy discourses and imperatives, and policy actors who mediate, translate and resist these. We compare the two policy contexts and consider how policy discourses appeared and were contested in teachers' initial online questionnaire responses.

This letter is to highlight errors made by Liu et al. in their 2020 paper in BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, "Complementary and alternative medicine—practice, attitudes, and knowledge among healthcare professionals in New Zealand: an integrative review". Substantial errors in their citation of the recent research and methodology by McDowell, Kohut & Betts (2019) pertaining to the practice of acupuncture in New Zealand by physiotherapists are presented. The actual results of McDowell et al.'s work and the true state of acupuncture use by their sample group is reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Self-harm and suicide behaviours are a major public health concern. Several factors are associated with these behaviours among military communities. Identifying these factors may have important implications for policy and clinical services. The aim of this review was to identify the risk and protective factors associated with self-harm and suicide behaviours among serving and ex-serving personnel of the United Kingdom Armed Forces, Canadian Armed Forces, Australian Defence Force and New Zealand Defence Force. Methods: A systematic search of seven online databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Global Health, PsycINFO, PTSDpubs and CINAHL) was conducted alongside cross-referencing, in October 2022. Following an a priori PROSPERO approved protocol (CRD42022348867), papers were independently screened and assessed for quality. Data were synthesised using a narrative approach. Results: Overall, 28 papers were included: 13 from Canada, 10 from the United Kingdom, five from Australia and none from New Zealand. Identified risk factors included being single/ex-relationship, early service leavers, shorter length of service (but not necessarily early service leavers), junior ranks, exposure to deployment-related traumatic events, physical and mental health diagnoses, and experience of childhood adversity. Protective factors included being married/in a relationship, higher educational attainment, employment, senior ranks, and higher levels of perceived social support. Conclusion: Adequate care and support are a necessity for the military community. Prevention and intervention strategies for self-harm and suicide behaviours may be introduced early and may promote social networks as a key source of support. This review found a paucity of peer-reviewed research within some populations. More peer-reviewed research is needed, particularly among these populations where current work is limited, and regarding modifiable risk and protective factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since all policies address problems, they necessarily include implicit or explicit constructions of these problems. This paper explores how child maltreatment has been constructed in New Zealand's child protection policies. It questions the underlying assumptions of this problem construction and seeks to shed light on what has been omitted. Utilizing a qualitative content analysis of eight key policy documents, this study reveals the construction of child maltreatment has been dominated primarily by a child-centric, risk-focused approach. This approach assigns blame and shifts responsibilities onto parents and families. In addition, the vulnerability discourse and social investment approach underpinning this perspective have allowed important structural factors, such as poverty and inequality, to remain unaddressed. This paper also highlights the one-dimensional focus on the lower social class to control future liabilities. We suggest that the harm inflicted by corporations on children's well-being is another form of child exploitation currently omitted from the problem construction. We suggest that child abuse should be defined and understood in policy as harm to children's well-being and argue that the state should prevent and mitigate harm by addressing structural forces of the problem as well as protecting children against corporate harms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An edited text of an address given by Terence O'Brien, a former diplomat, to Australian Defence College students at the Australian High Commission in Wellington, New Zealand on September 14, 2009 is presented. O'Brien comments on the Australian white paper, "Defending Australia in the Asia Pacific Century: Force 2030." According to him, the white paper shows the confidence of Australia in its capacity to change its future strategic environment and exert influence in the Asia-Pacific region.

Abstract: This paper presents an overview of bergy bit impact trials carried out on the CCGS Terry Fox off the northern tip of the island of Newfoundland in June 18–23, 2001 and is meant to accompany the five papers that follow. The trial consisted of impacting target iceberg ice masses ranging from roughly 100 t (growlers) to 22,000 t (bergy bits) on an instrumented bow area of the ‘Terry Fox’ at various forward speeds. Parameters measured included impact forces, pressures and contact areas, ship motions with six degrees of freedom, ship forward speed, and ambient environmental factors. In addition, extensive video and photographic records were compiled, including stereo photographs of the bergy bits. Furthermore, a multi-beam sonar was used to determine underwater profiles of some of the targeted ice masses. Temperature profiles were obtained for a number of bergy bits and some ice samples were collected from undamaged and impacted ice. The details and data associated with the various components of the field study are presented in the 5 accompanying papers. Below are brief descriptions of the ‘Terry Fox’, the instrumentation/set-up used and ice characterization techniques employed. This overview is condensed from a more detailed one [Gagnon, R., Cumming, D., Ritch, R., Browne, R., Johnston, M., Frederking, R., McKenna, R. and Ralph, F., 2002. Overview of Bergy Bit Impact Trials. Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Ice, Ice in the Environment, IAHR 2002, Dunedin, New Zealand, Vol. 1, 458–465.] presented at IAHR 2002 in New Zealand. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A list is presented of the law theses and papers deposited in the law library at the Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand including "Accident or Tragedy?: Compensation for Suicide and Self-Inflicted Injuries Under the ACC Scheme," by Michael Bell, "Pregnancy Following Failed Sterilization Under the Accident Compensations Scheme," by Yasmin Moinfar, and "Community Justice," by Annina Boehm.

Knowledge has become a central problematic in recent work on cross-cultural encounters and the processes of empire building. In an array of contexts—from Spanish America to colonial South Africa, from Ireland to occupied Egypt, the American West to British India—anthropologists and historians have highlighted the ways in which “colonial knowledge” facilitated trade, the extraction of rent and taxes, conversion, and outright conquest. This scholarship has demonstrated how these new forms of understanding produced on imperial frontiers facilitated the actual extension of sovereignty and the consolidation of colonial authority: for Tzvetan Todorov, Bernard Cohn, and Nicholas Dirks alike, colonialism was a “conquest of knowledge.” Scholarship on empire building in the Americas has placed special emphasis on the place of literacy in the dynamics of conquest. Walter Mignolo in particular has argued that European understandings of the power of literacy encouraged Spaniards in the New World to discount the value of indigenous graphic systems and disparage Mesoamerican languages as untruthful, unreliable, and products of the Devil. For Mignolo, the dark side of the new knowledge orders born out of the Renaissance was a new interweaving of literacy, knowledge, and colonization in a new cultural order he dubs “coloniality.” In the North American literature, too, literacy has been seen as a crucial element in imperial intrusion and conquest. James Axtell, for example, has argued “The conquest of America was in part a victory of paper and print over memory and voice. The victors wrote their way to the New World and inscribed themselves on its maps.” [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ePortfolios play an important role in tertiary education globally in the 21st Century. Several studies have advocated for the implementation of ePortfolios on the basis that they have the potential to integrate technology whilst making learning visible and meaningful for students. However, rarely is the implementation of ePortfolios, considered from the students' perspective. The development of web-based learning resources including ePortfolios platforms are often driven by software developers with an extensive degree of technical expertise, rather than teachers and educators and, without acknowledging potential difficulties this may create for students (Andrews & Cole, 2015; Beckers, Dolmons, & Merriënboer, 2016; Cordier et al. (2016); Leacock & Nesbit, 2007; Nam & Smith-Jackson, 2007). The aim of this study was to explore students' perspectives on the value of an ePortfolio platform in the final year for nursing students in the Bachelor of Nursing programme in a New Zealand tertiary institute. The data for this study were obtained through focus group sessions. Thematic analysis identified four themes from the data which were the importance of ease of use, feedback, transparency, and the role of supporting technology. This study aligns with previous literature in demonstrating students' preference for the use of ePortfolios but extends our knowledge by considering the value of ePortfolios from students' perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a previous cumulative impacts assessments of fish populations along the Waikato River, New Zealand, reduced ovary pigmentation was observed in the common bully (Gobiomorphus cotidianus) with an associated reduction in recruitment in the pulp mill-impacted Kopakorahi Arm of Lake Maraetai compared to an upstream reference site. Carotenoid pigments are typically responsible for the yellow to red colouration of fish eggs and a number of functions for these pigments such as pro-vitamins and antioxidants have been proposed. The purpose of the current study was first to quantify the observed pigment reduction and then to establish possible consequences of carotenoid deficiency. Significantly lower levels of all measured carotenoids were observed in the ovaries of fish from below the mill outfall compared to the reference site. Using in vitro incubations of ovarian follicles, it was also found that these fish had a significantly reduced ability to produce the sex steroids testosterone and estradiol. This study demonstrates changes in ovarian carotenoids associated with pulp mill effluent exposure. Significantly reduced biosynthetic capacity of ovarian follicles demonstrates reproductive endocrine disruption potential associated with exposure to this particular effluent. These results may provide an important link between reproductive dysfunction, oxidative stress and food chain modifications in pulp mill-impacted systems.

The articles discusses a conference titled Building a Better New Zealand that was held in Auckland, New Zealand from September 3 to 5, 2014 and presents an introduction to the issue. It discusses the themes of the conference and the peer reviewing process at the conference. It presents an introduction which discusses various papers within the issue on topics including sustainable buildings, improving productivity in the construction industry of New Zealand and urban issues.

This article uses two counselling practitioner-researchers' personal responses to journal writing as a therapeutic vehicle. They presented a version of this article at the New Zealand Association of Counselling Research Conference in Christchurch in 2008. When the authors met, as counsellor educator and student, they recognised a mutual interest in the therapeutic potential of personal journal writing. Using writing as inquiry, the two co-researchers began writing short observations of their individual experiences to help them reflect on how feminisms had influenced their thinking and writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the geographical variation in serotiny in a common New Zealand shrub as a contemporary indicator of past fire regimes. The distribution of serotiny could then be used to explore factors limiting the spread of fire-dependent vegetation. South Island, New Zealand. Serotiny was assessed as the proportion of closed capsules on a shoot of standard stem diameter for 5–35 plants in 45 widely scattered populations of Leptospermum scoparium. Site characteristics, including locality, altitude, rainfall, habitat type and minimum burnable area were recorded at sampling sites. Serotiny was distributed bimodally within and among populations with capsules either mostly closed or mostly open. There was considerable geographical variation in capsule behaviour, most of which we attribute to variation in fire history. In wetlands and other sites unsuitable for forest growth, populations were all serotinous above a minimum area of 30 km2 and nonserotinous below this threshold. In grassy habitats in the drier eastern areas, most populations were serotinous. The nonserotinous exceptions occurred in areas thought to have been cleared of forests by Polynesian settlers before the arrival of Europeans or in areas with numerous barriers to fire in the form of large rivers, floodplains, glaciers and barren mountain tops. We suggest that serotiny in L. scoparium is a reflection of a long history of fire in the South Island. As such, it provides a contemporary signature of a past fire regime. Landscape barriers to the spread of fire were major obstacles limiting the spread of serotiny and associated fire-dependent vegetation. Rivers, lakes, glaciers, and sparsely vegetated floodplains prevented the spread of fire in high rainfall regions more than the lack of dry weather. People, by igniting fires in small open areas seldom struck by lightning, could radically increase the importance of fire on islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the relocation experiences of sixteen women and men who moved with their children to Aotearoa New Zealand when their partners took up career positions in that country. It analyses the relative weight they gave to their careers and their relationships with their partners as they responded to the challenges posed by these transitions. Attention to the interests of children is also identified as significant in their career decisions. Interviews with similar numbers of women and men whose partners were globally mobile employees enables analysis of the diverse ways in which gender shapes career pathways during a period of transition. The findings contribute to a complex analysis of the situation of those previously referred as a 'trailing' or 'accompanying' spouse when a dual career couple engages in international relocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co-designed health initiatives are gaining popularity in Aotearoa (New Zealand). However, emerging research identifies potential pitfalls for Indigenous populations, particularly Māori (Indigenous Peoples of Aotearoa), when Kaupapa Māori principles are ignored. Using the Indigenous He Pikinga Waiora Implementation (HPW) framework as a guide, this paper provides an autoethnographic reflective account of the co-design process that led to the development and implementation of the Whirihia holistic assessment tool for the Kaupapa Māori antenatal wānanga (workshop) Whirihia Te Korowai Aroha. The co-design process resulted in a culturally appropriate and responsive holistic assessment tool that provided a quality health needs assessment pathway for māmā hapū (pregnant women) and their whānau (family). This reflective account provides examples of key considerations that align to the HPW framework in the hope that it will afford some guidance for fellow emerging researchers who wish to undertake ethical co-designed health research with Māori (and non-Māori) communities and organisations. Glossary of Māori words: Aotearoa: New Zealand; hapū: sub-tribes; hapūtanga: pregnancy; hui: meeting; ipu: clay pot; iwi: tribe; Kaupapa Māori: Māori ideology incorporating the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values of Māori society; māmā: mothers; māmā hapū: pregnant women; Māori: Indigenous people of Aotearoa; Pākehā: non-Māori (most often New Zealand European); pēpi: infant; pono: true, valid, honest, genuine; pōwhiri: welcome ceremony; te ao Māori: Māori world view; te reo Māori: Māori language; tika: correct, accurate, appropriate; tikanga: values and beliefs; wahakura: woven flax basket that can be used in the parental bed; waiata: song; wānanga: workshop; whakawhānau: birth; whakawhanaungatanga: relationship/connections; whānau family; whenua: afterbirth; land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the NZ COVID Tracer App (NZCTA) was released as a digital intervention to support contact tracing processes in Aotearoa New Zealand. This paper examines whether NZCTA met the data governance requirements of the Indigenous Māori people. Māori are an interesting case study as they have unique Treaty and data sovereignty rights, and a higher risk of COVID-related mortality. Methods: The NZCTA was assessed against 24 criteria drawn from the Māori Data Governance Model. The assessment drew on documentary sources and the authors' knowledge of NZCTA and contact tracing process. Each criteria was assessed as 'met', 'partially met' or 'not met'. Results: Our retrospective assessment showed a mixed performance against the Māori Data Governance Model, with NZCTA only fulfilling seven of the 24 model criteria and failing to meet nine. Conclusion: There is significant room for improvement in future digital health interventions for Māori. Much work remains to be done in the Aotearoa public sector to uphold Māori data sovereignty and address systemic barriers to genuine partnership with Māori. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]