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Can artificial agents act? Conceptual constellation for a de-humanised theory of action This paper embarks on an exploration of the concept of agency, traditionally ascribed to humans, in the context of artificial intelligence (AI). In the first two sections, it challenges the conventional dichotomy of human agency and non- human instrumentality, arguing that advancements in technology have blurred these boundaries. In the third section, the paper introduces the reader to the philosophical perspective of new materialism, which assigns causal power to matter itself. This perspective suggests that agency is an emergent property of material configurations, prompting a re-evaluation of nonhuman agency. The fourth and fifth section revisit the legacy of cybernetics to understand systemic properties and feedback mechanisms, while re-admitting in the discourse also linear conditioning (discarded by new materialism) and assigning it a role in system dynamics. In the sixth section, in the light of the conceptual background examined so far, the paper proposes a revision of determinism (again partly in opposition to the new materialism and its indeterministic view) that can include both linear conditioning and circular interactions. The seventh section is devoted to propose a novel theory of action that includes AI systems – and artificial entities in general – as agents that can impact their environment and human systems. The exploration concludes with a discussion on the implications of this perspective for our understanding of action and responsibility in the age of AI.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) applied in the legal field has gained considerable ground in the recent years and is used in many fields, amongst which the legal one is of no exception. This paper wishes to explore the quality of the translation (from English into Italian) of an arbitration clause performed by the ChatGPT chatbot. To do so, the automatically generated target text is post-edited by consulting the BoLC (Bononia Legal Corpus) and the web as corpus in the gov.it Italian governmental domain. General and legal dictionaries are also used. The paper findings report some inaccuracies at word level which are easily tackled by corpus consultation. In view of the results obtained, however, complete reliance upon AI-driven solutions is not recommendable at the time being. Conversely, the use of ad hoc corpora and of targeted web searches are the most feasible and reliable solutions, although time-consuming.

Artificial agency and moral agency. Conceptualizing the relationship and its ethical implication on moral identity formation The paper aims to conceptualize the relationship between artificial agency, that is, the kind of agency connoting artificial intelligence (AI) systems, especially machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms, and moral agency, that is, the agency characterizing individuals as moral agents (persons), by highlighting its main ethical implications for moral identity formation. To this aim, after having unpacked the different forms of agency into question and clarified their main features, an ethical inquiry is carried out in order to show how artificial agency, as currently designed, not only interacts with, but it might also endanger the genuine development and expression of moral agency, by undermining individuals’ epistemic and moral autonomy. The paper concludes by showing the main consequences that might arise from this impact, in particular in relation to those processes of individual and collective moral self-representation that nurture and steer the genuine formation and the flourishing of moral identity.

This paper suggests a new business model based on modern technology for retail. In the age of digitalization, stationary retail is losing market shares to online retail. Therefore, there is an obvious need for change in businesses. The concept developed in this paper combines the strengths of online and stationary retail to benefit stationary retail. In the approach taken in this paper, the basis for change is modern technology. Finding innovative ways to use technologies like NFC, AI, and robotics is regarded as the key factor to sustainable success. As the implementation of modern technologies entails a particular investment, the customers’ opinion on structural changes like these has been included in the consideration. Therefore, a survey has been conducted to find out which level of innovation current customers are willing to accept thus emphasizing the need for certain changes and dissuading specific others. The result of this paper is the modern showroom concept which takes the customers’ opinion into account while implementing the right amount of technology that should pave the way to a sustainable future for stationary retail.

The arrival of 6G mobile communication networks is anticipated to revolutionize the technological landscape, bringing about profound innovations. This research paper explores the various technological advancements that will pave the way for the advent of 6G networks, with a particular focus on addressing energy consumption. It is widely recognized that energy efficiency plays a crucial role in the evolution of 6G networks. To enhance network performance, user experience, and resource management, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is expected to be a pivotal technology. AI-based solutions can effectively optimize energy usage and contribute to the overall efficiency of 6G networks. Furthermore, the incorporation of wireless communication systems, telecommunication, and the Internet of Things (IoT) will be integral to the infrastructure of 6G networks. The need for significant enhancements in 6G networks is also examined in this study. Ensuring the safety and protection of 6G networks from cyber threats becomes increasingly important due to the growing reliance on networked communication and the sensitive nature of transmitted information. Cutting-edge security methods such as homomorphic encryption and blockchain technology may be essential in this regard. Moreover, this research paper explores the impact of 6G networks on various domains and discusses the challenges that must be overcome to unlock the technology’s full potential. To ensure responsible adoption and usage of 6G networks, the development of new business models and regulatory frameworks may be necessary to support their implementation while addressing energy consumption concerns.

Developers of generative artificial intelligence systems promote the idea of personal assistants for various tasks, including translation and authoring creative content. As a consequence of these developments, the topic of “human” creativity has moved centre stage. Acknowledging similarities between translation and creative writing, this article offers a critical discussion of intersecting areas and suggests a framework for creative skills couched in the tradition of social sciences research. As a practical application with pedagogical impact, the paper presents a new module on writing specifically designed for translators. As is argued, the conceptual design, content, mode of delivery and evaluation of potential pedagogical benefits may be replicable in other pedagogical settings at undergraduate or postgraduate level. The role of technology is also problematised, indicating how writing may be augmented by using tools. Ideally, this is to be done in a context where creativity upskilling can equip students with the ability to (de)select context-appropriate solutions, that is, to use convergent and divergent thinking, ultimately preparing them to play a fundamental role in a rapidly evolving digital world.

Bioethics at the Time of Artificial Intelligence Against the backdrop of the bioethical question and artificial intelligence, this paper aims to reconstruct the question starting from the ethical-political and social issues that span the twentieth century to reach our days in a way that, in the eye of the philosopher, can only be even more critical and problematic.

Artificial Intelligence is a popular topic these days. It is believed that artificial intelligence will be the solution to all existing societal problems, reducing human effort while also improving human interpretation of the world around them. Artificial intelligence, within the realm of computer science, is focused on developing machines capable of emulating human thought processes, operations, and adaptability. At present, artificial intelligence finds utility across diverse domains, including but not limited to medicine, engineering, agriculture, self-driving vehicles, and aviation. Another emerging arena for AI deployment is in energy platforms. This paper delves into the applications of artificial intelligence and their significance in fostering sustainability across various trends. Consequently, it provides insights and analysis regarding the longterm viability of AI, encompassing environmental and economic development. Furthermore, it highlights the positive impact of AI applications on sustainable development, encompassing aspects such as fulfilling energy requirements, generating employment opportunities, and enhancing environmental preservation.

This paper reviews the emerging and critical role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) in transforming modern agriculture into a more sustainable and efficient practice. Faced with escalating global population demands and a myriad of challenges such as climate change, labor costs, and market fluctuations, the agricultural sector is at a pivotal juncture. The integration of AI and IoT offers a beacon of hope, enabling smarter farming methods through real-time monitoring, data analysis, and management of agricultural processes. This review delves into the application of these technologies in various facets of farming, including precision agriculture, crop yield forecasting, and the management of resources. It explores how AI's analytical prowess can predict and address crop diseases, automate farming operations, and assist in decision-making, while IoT's network of sensors and devices facilitates the real-time tracking and monitoring of farm conditions. Additionally, the synergy of these technologies with blockchain and cloud computing is examined, highlighting their potential in enhancing transparency, data security, and supply chain management. Collectively, these technological innovations are not just reshaping the agricultural landscape but are instrumental in steering it towards a more sustainable, productive, and resilient future.

Drone and the Internet of Things are different technologies, actively utilised and implemented across various fields. Connectivity is the difference between the IoT drone and the regular drone. IoT drones can receive and transmit data and command signals in real-time while being controlled through the IoT network. By implementing both drone and IoT, the flying IoT (IoT-Drone) is built as a new form of IoT device. This work improves how to use the drone effectively in many aspects; data transferring, data collecting, real-time monitoring, and control. With the emergence of the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and advanced communication, the IoT drone technology has been utilized in many fields, especially in agriculture and inspection, and discussed in smart cities, logistic delivery, and the military. This paper reviews the IoT drone implementation in those fields and reviews the researchers’ discussion and studies on IoT drone optimization.

In the context of Industry 5.0, this empirical research investigates the concrete effects of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data insights on sustainability metrics. Real-world data analysis shows that during a two-year period, there was a 10% rise in the energy used by solar panels, a 6.7% increase in the energy consumed by wind turbines, and a 6.7% drop in the energy consumed by the grid. Paper trash output was reduced by 14% and plastic waste by 24% as a consequence of waste reduction initiatives. Product quality was maintained by AI-driven quality control, with quality ratings ranging from 89 to 94. Moreover, there was a 6% decrease in carbon emissions from industry, 3.1% from transportation, and 4.6% from energy production. These results highlight how AI and Big Data may revolutionize Industry 5.0 by promoting environmental responsibility, waste reduction, energy efficiency, sustainability, and high-quality products.

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This research examines the intersection of disruptive technologies specifically blockchain, AI, and Big Data with corporate governance, synthesizing insights from a diverse range of scholarly works. This research employed a comprehensive literature review methodology. We sourced and analyzed scholarly articles and papers from prominent databases, focusing on key themes such as the impact of these technologies on corporate governance, potential benefits, and associated challenges. We investigate the implications of these technologies on corporate governance, scrutinizing potential benefits and associated challenges. Our findings reveal that blockchain, with its potential to enhance transparency and reduce information asymmetry, promises to transform accounting and auditing practices. Nevertheless, the successful integration of blockchain into mainstream financial systems necessitates addressing technical and regulatory challenges. AI's potential to augment decision-making capabilities offers opportunities for improved auditing efficiency, yet raises ethical concerns and implementation complexities. Lastly, Big Data presents opportunities for driving sustainable innovation and informed decision-making, while posing significant challenges concerning data privacy and security. This study's findings carry implications for practitioners, policy-makers, and academics alike, providing critical insights into the dynamic interplay between disruptive technologies and corporate governance. Future research may extend this work through empirical studies and comparative analyses across industries and regions.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly evolving environment that allows users to use and control a wide variety of connected objects. The 20 billion IoT devices that will be employed by 2020 are only the top of the iceberg. According to IDC, the overall amount of connected devices will rise to 41.6 billion over the next five years, producing over 80 Zettabytes of data by 2025 which will impact environment severely. These connected environments increase the attack surface of a system since; the risks are multiplied by the number of connected devices. These devices are responsible for more or less critical tasks, and can therefore be the target of users malicious, in this paper we present a methodology to evaluate the security of IoT systems. We propose a way to represent IoT systems, coupled with attack trees in order to assess the chances of success of an attack on a given system.

Transfer from social to semantic web brought us to an era of algorithmic society, placing issues such as privacy, big data and AI in the spotlight. although neutral by their nature, the power of big data algorithms to impact societies became major concern outcoming with fines issued to Facebook in the US. These events were initiated by alleged breaches of data privacy connected to recommender system technology, which can provide individualized content to internet users. This paper seeks to explain recommender systems, while elaborating on their social effects, to conclude that their overall impacts might be increase in retail sales, democratization of advertising, increase in internet addictions, social polarization (echo chamber issue), and improvement of political communication. Also, more research should be deployed into low intensity addictions, as potential outcome of recommender systems, and it should be explored how they affect political participation and democracy.

In 1950, Turing proposed to answer the question “can machines think” by staging an “imitation game” where a hidden computer attempts to mislead a human interrogator into believing it is human. While the cybercrime of bots defrauding people by posing as Nigerian princes and lascivious e-girls indicates humans have been losing the Turing test for some time, this paper focuses on “deepfakes,” artificial neural nets generating realistic audio-visual simulations of public figures, as a variation on the imitation game. Deepfakes blur the lines between fact and fiction, making it possible for the mere fiction of a nuclear apocalypse to make itself real. Seeing oneself becoming another, doing and saying strange things as if demonically possessed, triggers a disillusionment of our sense of self as human cloning and sinister doppelgängers become a reality that’s open-source and free. Along with electronic club music, illicit drugs, movies like Ex Machina and the coming sex robots, the primarily pornographic deepfakes are how the aliens invade by hijacking human drives in the pursuit of a machinic desire. Contrary to the popular impression that deepfakes exemplify the post-truth phenomenon of fake news, they mark an anarchic, massively distributed anti-fascist resistance network capable of sabotaging centralized, authoritarian institutions’ hegemonic narratives. That the only realistic “solutions” for detecting deepfakes have been to build better machines capable of exposing them ultimately suggests that human judgment is soon to be discarded into the dustbin of history. From now on, only a machine can win the Turing test against another machine. Author(s): Vincent Le Title (English): The Deepfakes to Come: A Turing Cop’s Nightmare Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020) Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje Page Range: 8-18 Page Count: 11 Citation (English): Vincent Le, “The Deepfakes to Come: A Turing Cop’s Nightmare,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020): 8-18. Author Biography Vincent Le, Monash University Vincent Le is a PhD candidate in philosophy at Monash University. He has taught philosophy at Deakin University and The Melbourne School of Continental Philosophy. He has published in Hypatia, Cosmos and History, Art + Australia, Šum, Horror Studies and Colloquy, among other journals. His recent work focuses on the reckless propagation of the will to critique.

This document explains how post-humanism theory has been a hot topic in many of films and animations. This paper will describe the topic in detail, and select few examples of films and animations to dress about how directors approach this topics using plot, narration in the films.

This paper aims at better defining the way in which contemporary audiovisual fictions use a dynamic linking gender and AI. It is as if the use of the feminine constituted a metaphorical access point to ponder upon the emergence of a consciousness and a power attributable to AI: "the woman" as a symbol of the "emerging AI". We will therefore try to assess what the assignment of a female gender to AI characters does to representations of Artificial Intelligence, both in terms of narrative patterns and characterization possibilities, in order to determine the exact scope of the enpowerment that these fictions bring to us.

In this paper I wish to examine the wider philosophical issues broached upon by Ian McEwan in his latest book, Machines like Me (2019). The book charts the impact of commercially available A.I-powered humanoid companions onto the lives of their owners. I would like specifically to focus on the notion of empathy which McEwan revisits and complexifies as the characters interact and the humanoid Adam evolves. Studying the characterization of the Adams and Eves within the novel reveals the uses of a number of empathy building techniques: these help the reader identify with a robot and obfuscate the inner machinery of mechanics, electronics and AI. The posthuman robot, as a mimetic construction, is thus steered back into human territory.The attitudes and actions of the main human characters, Charlie, Miranda and Alan Turing, oscillate between care and monitoring, two notions that have recently been topical in philosophical and political debates. I would like to trace back the archaeology of those notions and show how they overlap and contrast in the novel, especially as AI techniques feed upon a constant monitoring of our lives through the production and exploitation of data by intelligent agents (Sadin 2013). McEwan’s portrayal of the interplay between institutions, technologies and human actions situates empathy within a wider, public and collective scene.Finally, by focusing on the life choices of Adam (the humanoid), I would like to come back to the new equation between empathy and computation, rather than emotions. McEwan’s reflection on empathy here crosses paths with the debates on the ethics of AI, especially in terms of decision-making and risk-assessment.