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With the in-depth implementation of China’s One Belt One Road initiative and the signing of the RCEP, the position of ASEAN in China’s international trade is more prominent. In order to strengthen the economic and trade cooperation between Chongqing and ASEAN, and give full play to the leading role of Chongqing in promoting China’s One Belt One Road, this paper reviewed the trade development between Chongqing and ASEAN countries in the past 20 years, and found that the bilateral trade has experienced two stages of steady development and blowout growth, and showed three characteristics: rapid growth of trade volume, continuous narrowing of trade surplus and strengthening of complementarity of trade division. However, in the process of promoting the trade development between Chongqing and ASEAN, Chongqing also faces five problems: poor matching of cost-efficiency in transportation and logistics, relatively lagging function construction of opening platforms, insufficient comparative advantage of export commodity structure, poor channel of policy integration innovation and mutual recognition of standards, and large gap in the construction of urban international supporting system. Therefore, to further strengthen the economic and trade cooperation between Chongqing and ASEAN, the research suggests that measures should be taken from five aspects of “transportation connectivity, platform mutual construction and promotion, industry complementarity and mutual integration, policy exchange and mutual recognition, and city mutual integration and mutual learning”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]