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The prevention and control of communicable diseases such as COVID-19 has been a worldwide problem, especially in terms of mining towards latent spreading paths. Although some communication models have been proposed from the perspective of spreading mechanism, it remains hard to describe spreading mechanism anytime. Because real-world communication scenarios of disease spreading are always dynamic, which cannot be described by time-invariant model parameters, to remedy such gap, this paper explores the utilization of big data analysis into this area, so as to replace mechanism-driven methods with big data-driven methods. In modern society with high digital level, the increasingly growing amount of data in various fields also provide much convenience for this purpose. Therefore, this paper proposes an intelligent knowledge discovery method for critical spreading paths based on epidemic big data. For the major roadmap, a directional acyclic graph of epidemic spread was constructed with each province and city in mainland China as nodes, all features of the same node are dimension-reduced, and a composite score is evaluated for each city per day by processing the features after principal component analysis. Then, the typical machine learning model named XGBoost carries out processing of feature importance ranking to discriminate latent candidate spreading paths. Finally, the shortest path algorithm is used as the basis to find the critical path of epidemic spreading between two nodes. Besides, some simulative experiments are implemented with use of realistic social network data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intelligent forecasting of economic indexes has been an important demand for sustainable management of smart cities. Existing methods for this purpose were mostly established upon the basis of economic mechanism. Econometric models are the most general technical means in this area. However, in era of digital economy, increasing amount of big data has brought great change to traditional production. It is becoming more difficult for conventional technological forecasting methods to deal with multi-dimensional economic indexes. To deal with such challenge, this paper introduces the artificial intelligence algorithms to implement automatic information processing, and proposes a deep neural network-based intelligent forecasting method for multi-dimensional economic indexes in smart cities. Specifically, a deep neural network with three-layer structure is developed as the backbone methodology. For empirical analysis, the real-world data from "Chengdu–Chongqing Economic Circle" in China from 2012 to 2022 are selected as the main simulation scenario. Four major indexes are selected as the main research object: gross product (GDP), per capita GDP, GDP growth rate and the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP. The experimental results show that the proposal can well deal with such forecasting problem from a data-driven perspective, with a proper forecasting effect on historical data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the operation of railway vehicles, the quality of bogies directly affects the operation quality and driving safety. Wheel set is one of the most important components in bogie, so the maintenance of wheel set is very important. For a long time, the detection of train wheel sets in China is still in the stage of manual measurement with backward technology and low efficiency. A new automatic detection method of wheel flange tread based on fuzzy neural network image processing technology is proposed in this paper. This method can accurately detect the defects of wheel flange tread. It collects the original image of the tested wheel set through the digital camera, inputs it into the computer, through certain calculation and processing, and compares it with the model established based on fuzzy neural network, so as to detect the defects of wheel flange and tread. First, the research status of wheel tread defect detection is summarized. Second, the basic principles of digital image technology are studied, the image processing models are confirmed, and the image processing method based on fuzzy neural network is established. Finally, eight wheel set treads are selected to carry out defect detection, and the analysis results show that the proposed method can obtain the better inspection precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As China's distributed energy is still in the development stage, energy transmission loss will inevitably occur in the transmission process from the source end to the load end. To reduce transmission energy loss, we should also beware of electricity theft. The principle of common electricity theft methods is analyzed to improve the accuracy of established electricity theft characteristics and electricity theft detection. The ReliefF multivariate characteristics selection algorithm optimizes the electricity theft characteristics. The back propagation (BP) neural network-based electricity theft detection model is built, and the optimized characteristics are selected as the model's input. The experiment results show that the detection model has better electricity theft identification accuracy using the optimized characteristics for electricity theft detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With China's economic transformation into a high-quality development stage, the importance of credit system construction has become increasingly prominent. The problems existing in the current telecom credit system include: (1) insufficient coverage of credit features; (2) traditional credit assessment models are difficult to reflect user credit status objectively, comprehensively and timely; (3) user demand for credit management and credit services are ignored. Due to these deficiencies, a new multi-level credit system is necessary to meet the rapid development of market economy. Telecom operators have large amount of precious data, with the advantages of large-scale, high-precision and data-diversity, which can provide new ideas for the construction of credit system. This work focuses on the current problems and conducts research as follows: design a Telecom Credit Assessment Model based on Boosting and Stacking ensemble techniques, called TCAMBS, to improve the evaluation accuracy, and to select the best model according to the experimental results. On the one hand, this work can promote the innovation of telecom credit assessment models and provide new ideas for the construction of the credit system. On the other hand, this work will also help telecom operations to improve the quality of telecom credit services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a multi-timescale receding horizon framework for the load forecast of large power customers. The future load pattern of individual users could be very difficult to predict because of its chronological and high volatile properties. Also, the sampling of nonaggregated load data may suffer from severe information missing issues. To address these challenges, we first develop an online singular value thresholding (SVT) algorithm, which utilizes the approximate low-rank property of load data matrices to efficiently recover the missing information. Then, a combinatorial deep learning method is developed, which applies the multi-layer perception (MLP) neural network and the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network with gated recurrent unit (GRU) to deal with the short-term and ultra-short-term load forecast, respectively. Specifically, an early stopping strategy is designed and implemented to avoid the over-fitting of model training. Moreover, the receding time window is imposed to dynamically update the data recovery and load forecast outcomes, which supports the online computing on a Spark platform. Numerical experiments on real-world load data from North China confirms the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, which can support more complex applications in embedded systems and cyber physical systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The underground utility tunnels accommodate various types of urban lifelines, which are of great significance for improving the living standards of the citizens. With the rapid development of underground utility tunnels, the large-scale underground utility tunnel systems are gradually becoming the operational lifeblood of China's large cities. Currently, most of the underground utility tunnels' risks are estimated and analyzed from a static perspective, and the analysis results are one-sided. This study proposes a dynamic risk evaluation framework. A risk assessment and sensitivity analysis framework based on Bayesian network is established in this study. Combined with the groundwater and electric tunnel risk accident case study, the operation and maintenance data of Beijing Future Science and Technology City from 2010 to 2018 are collected for learning to obtain the conditional probability of the Bayesian network node by using the K2 algorithm. The overall evolution process from the beginning to the end of groundwater tunnel accidents is clearly described and displayed. Through sensitivity analysis and critical path analysis, the critical points of an accident and the probabilities of risk occurrence are identified and predicted. This proposed framework could facilitate the underground utility tunnel management for controlling risk resources, mitigating risk damage and reducing risk losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to the major challenges faced by China's transition to green low-carbon energy under the dual-carbon goal, the use of energy Internet cross-boundary thinking will help to develop research on the integration of renewable clean energy and buildings. Energy piles are a new building-energy-saving technology that uses geothermal energy in the shallow soil of the Earth's surface as a source of cold (heat) to achieve heating in winter and cooling in summer. It is a complex thermomechanical working process that changes the temperature of the rock and soil around the pile, and the temperature change significantly influences the mechanical properties of natural loess. Although the soil temperature can be easily and quickly obtained by using sensors connected to the Internet of Things, the mechanical properties of natural loess will change greatly under the influence of temperature. To explore the influence of temperature on the stress–strain relationship of structural loess, the undrained triaxial consolidation tests were carried out under different temperatures (5, 20, 50 and 70∘C) and different confining pressures (50, 100, 200 and 400 kPa), and a binary-medium model was introduced to simulate the stress–strain relationship. By introducing the damage rate under temperature change conditions, a binary-medium model of structural loess under variable temperature conditions was established, and the calculation method of the model parameters was proposed. Finally, the calculated results were compared with the test results. The calculation results showed that the established model has good applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]