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2. Call for papers| Special Issue on advanced robotics and tissue engineering.
- Abstract
A recent article in Blood Weekly highlights the growing importance of advanced robotics and tissue engineering in the field of biomedical research. Robotic systems have traditionally played a role in nurturing tissue growth in controlled environments, but recent advancements in soft robots and biomimetic robots offer new possibilities for enhancing tissue engineering. These robots can provide realistic mechanical stimulation to grafts and implants, potentially accelerating their clinical implementation and deepening our understanding of biological tissues. The article calls for researchers to share their latest breakthroughs in this field, with topics ranging from smart scaffolds to biohybrid and biomimetic robots. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
3. Bionanotechnology: A Paradigm for Advancing Environmental Sustainability
- Author
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Prajapati, Dharmendra, Jabborova, Dilfuza, Saharan, Baljeet Singh, Singh, Namita, Patani, Anil, Singh, Sachidanand, and Joshi, Chinmayi
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Gold and silver dichroic nanocomposite in the quest for 3D printing the Lycurgus cup
- Author
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Glen J. Smales, Aldrik H. Velders, Vittorio Saggiomo, Lars Kool, Anton Bunschoten, Brian R. Pauw, and Floris Dekker
- Subjects
Materials science ,Dichroism ,Composite number ,Nanoparticle ,General Physics and Astronomy ,3D printing ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,010402 general chemistry ,Dichroic glass ,lcsh:Technology ,01 natural sciences ,Silver nanoparticle ,Full Research Paper ,Lycurgus cup ,Light source ,dichroism ,White light ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,General Materials Science ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,lcsh:Science ,BioNanoTechnology ,VLAG ,Nanocomposite ,nanocomposite ,lcsh:T ,business.industry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,lcsh:QC1-999 ,0104 chemical sciences ,Nanoscience ,Colloidal gold ,lcsh:Q ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,lcsh:Physics - Abstract
The Lycurgus cup is worldwide admired in particular because of its fascinating dichroic property. The cup presents a green colour when the observer and the light source are on the same side (reflection), and a deep red colour when the observer and the light source are at opposite sides (transmission). This peculiar effect, which has perplexed scientists for centuries, was discovered to be due to the presence of nanoparticles in the glass. In particular, to two different metallic nanoparticles: silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP). Here we show how dichroic silver nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles can be embedded in a 3D printable material in order to reproduce the same dichroic effect of the original Lycurgus cup.
- Published
- 2020
5. Gold nanoparticles embedded in a polymer as a 3D-printable dichroic nanocomposite material
- Author
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Vittorio Saggiomo, Lars Kool, Aldrik H. Velders, and Anton Bunschoten
- Subjects
Fabrication ,Materials science ,Dichroism ,General Physics and Astronomy ,3D printing ,Nanoparticle ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,Dichroic glass ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Technology ,Full Research Paper ,dichroism ,Gold nanoparticles ,General Materials Science ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Optical filter ,lcsh:Science ,BioNanoTechnology ,VLAG ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nanocomposite ,nanocomposite ,business.industry ,lcsh:T ,Polymer ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,lcsh:QC1-999 ,0104 chemical sciences ,Nanoscience ,chemistry ,Colloidal gold ,gold nanoparticles ,lcsh:Q ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,lcsh:Physics - Abstract
Background: Nanotechnology, even if unknowingly, has been used for millennia. The occurrence of shiny colors in pottery and glass made hundreds and thousand of years ago is due to the presence of nanoparticles in the fabrication of such ornaments. In the last decade, 3D printing has revolutionized fabrication and manufacturing processes, making it easier to produce, in a simple and fast way, 3D objects.Results: In this paper we show how to fabricate a 3D-printable nanocomposite composed of dichroic gold nanoparticles and a 3D-printable polymer. The minute amount of gold nanoparticles used for obtaining the dichroic effect does not influence the mechanical properties of the polymer nor its printability. Thus, the nanocomposite can be easily 3D-printed using a standard 3D printer and shows a purple color in transmission and a brownish color in reflection.Conclusion: This methodology can be used not only by artists, but also for studying the optical properties of nanoparticles or, for example, for the 3D fabrication of optical filters.
- Published
- 2019
6. An epitome on encapsulation of probiotics.
- Author
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Ramadevi, S. and Meenakshi, S.
- Subjects
PROBIOTICS ,MICROENCAPSULATION ,NANOTECHNOLOGY ,NANOPARTICLES ,DRUG delivery systems - Abstract
Purpose: Nanotechnology is one of the highly evolving fields of research having immense potential in various fields of healthcare sectors. The very advent of nanotechnology lies in its ability to serve as a targeted drug delivery system. The introduction of a new branch namely bionanotechnology has further expanded the scope, especially in the diagnostics and treatment of various diseases. Probiotics being a natural source with a plethora of beneficial properties have been investigated actively in recent days. Probiotics administered into the digestive system have been shown to promote gut health by increasing the microbial balance in the gut. However, the bioavailability of such administered probiotics remains a major concern. These probiotics are protected through microencapsulation techniques, which encapsulate them in small capsules. Several nanoparticles with varied dimensions, forms, surfaces and composites have recently been investigated for probiotic microencapsulation. This has been used for various therapeutic applications, such as drug delivery. This review gives an insight on various materials and strategies used for probiotic encapsulation. Design/methodology/approach: The main aim of this review is to give a perception of the different types of methods of probiotic encapsulation. Findings: This review implies the significance of probiotics and subsequent active release in the gastrointestinal system. Different sections of this review paper, on the other hand, may offer up new opportunities for comprehensive research in the field of microencapsulation for boosting probiotic viability and also talks about the various encapsulating materials that has been employed. Originality/value: This review emphasizes more perceptions about the ongoing and imminent techniques for encapsulating probiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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7. Biomimetic peripheral nerve stimulation promotes the rat hindlimb motion modulation in stepping: An experimental analysis.
- Subjects
NEURAL stimulation ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,SCIATIC nerve ,ANKLE joint ,BIOENGINEERING - Abstract
A research paper from scientists at Beijing Institute of Technology presents a method of sciatic nerve stimulation that can aid in lower extremity standing and stepping. The study used electrical nerve stimulation to achieve muscle control through different sciatic nerve branches, allowing for regulation of lower limb movements during stepping and standing. The method was found to be effective and reliable for improving and rehabilitating lower limb motor dysfunction. While the experiment showed successful results in hindlimb motion modulation, there are limitations to the control over the hip joint and the precise control of single joints. Further research and optimization are needed. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
8. Sustained-Release Synthetic Biomarkers for Monitoring Thrombosis and Inflammation Using Point-of-Care Compatible Readouts.
- Author
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Dudani, Jaideep S., Buss, Colin G., Akana, Reid T. K., Kwong, Gabriel A., and Bhatia, Sangeeta N.
- Subjects
CONTROLLED release preparations ,BIOMARKERS ,THROMBOSIS ,INFLAMMATION ,DISEASE management ,POLYETHYLENE glycol - Abstract
Postoperative infection and thromboembolism represent significant sources of morbidity and mortality but cannot be easily tracked after hospital discharge. Therefore, a molecular test that could be performed at home would significantly impact disease management. The laboratory has previously developed intravenously delivered 'synthetic biomarkers' that respond to dysregulated proteases to produce a urinary signal. These assays, however, have been limited to chronic diseases or acute diseases initiated at the time of diagnostic administration. Here, a subcutaneously administered sustained-release system, using small poly(ethylene glycol) scaffolds (<10 nm) to promote diffusion into the bloodstream over a day, is formulated. The utility of a thrombin sensor to identify thrombosis and an Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) sensor to measure inflammation is demonstrated. Finally, a companion paper ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent sssay), using printed wax barriers, with nanomolar sensitivity for urinary reporters for point-of-care detection is developed. The approach for subcutaneous delivery of nanosensors combined with urinary paper analysis may enable facile monitoring of at-risk patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Uniformly 13C Labeled Lignin Internal Standards for Quantitative Pyrolysis-GC-MS Analysis of Grass and Wood
- Author
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Pieter de Waard, Mirjam A. Kabel, Willem J. H. van Berkel, Ries de Visser, and Gijs van Erven
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Softwood ,General Chemical Engineering ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,NMR spectroscopy ,Levensmiddelenchemie ,Environmental Chemistry ,Lignin ,isotope labeling ,BioNanoTechnology ,VLAG ,lignin quantification ,Food Chemistry ,biomass ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,py-GC-MS ,lignin content ,General Chemistry ,Straw ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Pulp and paper industry ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Gravimetric analysis ,Gas chromatography ,0210 nano-technology ,Pyrolysis ,IsoLife B.V - Abstract
With the ever-advancing lignocellulose valorization strategies, lignin analyses need to advance as well. However, lignin quantification still heavily relies on unspecific, time- and sample-consuming gravimetric, and spectrophotometric analyses. Here, we demonstrate that lignin isolates from uniformly 13C-labeled wheat straw, willow, and douglas fir serve as "ideal" internal standards for pyrolysis gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (py-GC-HR-MS) analyses of plant biomass, allowing the accurate and precise quantification and structural characterization of lignin in grasses, hardwoods, and softwoods. The 13C lignin internal standards were comprehensively structurally characterized by HSQC NMR and py-GC-HR-MS analyses, and their application for lignin quantification was validated in biomass model systems and in actual plant biomass. For all botanical origins and species, the lignin content was determined within 5% relative deviation of the Klason benchmark. These results establish the capability of the developed analytical platform to selectively quantify and structurally characterize lignin simultaneously and demonstrate a valuable addition to the lignin analysis toolbox.
- Published
- 2019
10. A Supramolecular Approach for Liver Radioembolization
- Author
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Mick M. Welling, Tessa Buckle, Silvia J. Spa, Matthias N. van Oosterom, Jurriaan Huskens, Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen, Willem Verboom, Mark C. Burgmans, D.D.D. Rietbergen, and Molecular Nanofabrication
- Subjects
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Adamantane ,Complex formation ,Supramolecular chemistry ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,02 engineering and technology ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Confocal microscopy ,law ,In vivo ,Albumins ,Animals ,Humans ,Nanotechnology ,Radioembolization ,Radionuclide Imaging ,BioNanoTechnology ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Radioisotopes ,Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ,Interventional radiology ,Cyclodextrins ,Cyclodextrin ,Liver Neoplasms ,Albumin ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Embolization, Therapeutic ,Pre-targeting ,Microspheres ,chemistry ,Liver ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Distribution pattern ,Biophysics ,Radiopharmaceuticals ,0210 nano-technology ,Research Paper - Abstract
Hepatic radioembolization therapies can suffer from discrepancies between diagnostic planning (scout-scan) and the therapeutic delivery itself, resulting in unwanted side-effects such as pulmonary shunting. We reasoned that a nanotechnology-based pre-targeting strategy could help overcome this shortcoming by directly linking pre-interventional diagnostics to the local delivery of therapy. Methods: The host-guest interaction between adamantane and cyclodextrin was employed in an in vivo pre-targeting set-up. Adamantane (guest)-functionalized macro albumin aggregates (MAA-Ad; d = 18 μm) and (radiolabeled) Cy5 and β-cyclodextrin (host)-containing PIBMA polymers (99mTc-Cy50.5CD10PIBMA39; MW ~ 18.8 kDa) functioned as the reactive pair. Following liver or lung embolization with (99mTc)-MAA-Ad or (99mTc)-MAA (controls), the utility of the pre-targeting concept was evaluated after intravenous administration of 99mTc-Cy50.5CD10PIBMA39. Results: Interactions between MAA-Ad and Cy50.5CD10PIBMA39 could be monitored in solution using confocal microscopy and were quantified by radioisotope-based binding experiments. In vivo the accumulation of the MAA-Ad particles in the liver or lungs yielded an approximate ten-fold increase in accumulation of 99mTc-Cy50.5CD10PIBMA39 in those organs (16.2 %ID/g and 10.5 %ID/g, respectively) compared to the control. Pre-targeting with MAA alone was shown to be only half as efficient. Uniquely, for the first time, this data demonstrates that the formation of supramolecular interactions between cyclodextrin and adamantane can be used to drive complex formation in the chemically challenging in vivo environment. Conclusion: The in vivo distribution pattern of the cyclodextrin host could be guided by the pre-administration of the adamantane guest, thereby creating a direct link between the scout-scan (MAA-Ad) and delivery of therapy.
- Published
- 2018
11. Global Biocatalysts Industry Research 2024-2035 with profiles of 60 Key Players Including Novozymes, Cascade Biocatalysts, Johnson Matthey, Aether Bio, & eversyn Among Others - ResearchAndMarkets.com.
- Subjects
ENZYMES ,ETHANOL as fuel ,MULTIENZYME complexes ,ETHER (Anesthetic) ,SUSTAINABLE chemistry ,BIOPOLYMERS ,BIOENGINEERING ,BIODEGRADABLE plastics - Abstract
The article discusses the global market for biocatalysts and provides an in-depth analysis of the industry. Biocatalysts are increasingly being used in various sectors, such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fine chemicals, to meet sustainability goals. The report covers different types of biocatalysts, including enzymes, microorganisms, and engineered biocatalysts, and their applications in sectors like food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, textiles, paper and pulp, and biofuels. Biocatalysts offer advantages such as high reaction specificity, mild reaction conditions, and reduced use of toxic reagents. The article also includes information on emerging technologies and innovations in biocatalysis, market analysis, and profiles of key players in the industry. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
12. Hybrid Imaging Labels: Providing the Link Between Mass Spectrometry-Based Molecular Pathology and Theranostics
- Author
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Stijn Van Malderen, Joeri Kuil, Frits Koning, Vincent van Unen, Ruud J. B. Peters, Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen, Margaretha E. M. van Bemmel, Larissa Müller, Tessa Buckle, Liam A. McDonnell, Steffen van der Wal, Frank Vanhaeke, and Aldrik H. Velders
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR4 ,Multimodal Imaging ,THERAPY ,Theranostic Nanomedicine ,Mice ,BU Contaminants & Toxins ,DESIGN ,molecular pathology ,Fluorescence microscope ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Pathology, Molecular ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ,mass spectrometry ,LA-ICP-MS imaging ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Carbocyanines ,Pentetic Acid ,Flow Cytometry ,Fluorescence ,3. Good health ,Bimodal ,SPECT ,Mass cytometry ,fluorescence ,Research Paper ,EXPRESSION ,mass cytometry ,Receptors, CXCR4 ,TISSUES ,BU Contaminanten & Toxines ,Molecular imaging ,bimodal ,Flow cytometry ,03 medical and health sciences ,In vivo ,CYTOMETRY ,MULTIPLE-MYELOMA ,medicine ,Animals ,BREAST-CANCER ,BioNanoTechnology ,Fluorescent Dyes ,VLAG ,Molecular pathology ,Radioisotopes ,radioisotopes ,Mass spectrometry ,BIOASSAYS ,POLYMER ,molecular imaging ,Molecular biology ,030104 developmental biology ,Biophysics - Abstract
Background: Development of theranostic concepts that include inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS) imaging can be hindered by the lack of a direct comparison to more standardly used methods for in vitro and in vivo evaluation; e.g. fluorescence or nuclear medicine. In this study a bimodal (or rather, hybrid) tracer that contains both a fluorescent dye and a chelate was used to evaluate the existence of a direct link between mass spectrometry (MS) and in vitro and in vivo molecular imaging findings using fluorescence and radioisotopes. At the same time, the hybrid label was used to determine whether the use of a single isotope label would allow for MS-based diagnostics. Methods: A hybrid label that contained both a DTPA chelate (that was coordinated with either Ho-165 or In-111) and a Cy5 fluorescent dye was coupled to the chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) targeting peptide Ac-TZ14011 (hybrid-Cy5-Ac-TZ4011). This receptor targeting tracer was used to 1) validate the efficacy of (Ho-165-based) mass-cytometry in determining the receptor affinity via comparison with fluorescence-based flow cytometry (Cy5), 2) evaluate the microscopic binding pattern of the tracer in tumor cells using both fluorescence confocal imaging (Cy5) and LA-ICP-MS-imaging (Ho-165), 3) compare in vivo biodistribution patterns obtained with ICP-MS (Ho-165) and radiodetection (In-111) after intravenous administration of hybrid-Cy5-Ac-TZ4011 in tumor-bearing mice. Finally, LA-ICP-MS-imaging (Ho-165) was linked to fluorescence-based analysis of excised tissue samples (Cy5). Results: Analysis with both mass-cytometry and flow cytometry revealed a similar receptor affinity, respectively 352 +/- 141 nM and 245 +/- 65 nM (p = 0.08), but with a much lower detection sensitivity for the first modality. In vitro LA-ICP-MS imaging (Ho-165) enabled clear discrimination between CXCR4 positive and negative cells, but fluorescence microscopy was required to determine the intracellular distribution. In vivo biodistribution patterns obtained with ICP-MS (Ho-165) and radiodetection (In-111) of the hybrid peptide were shown to be similar. Assessment of tracer distribution in excised tissues revealed the location of tracer uptake with both LA-ICP-MS-imaging and fluorescence imaging. Conclusion: Lanthanide-isotope chelation expands the scope of fluorescent/ radioactive hybrid tracers to include MS-based analytical tools such as mass-cytometry, ICP-MS and LA-ICP-MS imaging in molecular pathology. In contradiction to common expectations, MS detection using a single chelate imaging agent was shown to be feasible, enabling a direct link between nuclear medicine-based imaging and theranostic methods.
- Published
- 2017
13. University of Alberta Researcher Reveals New Findings on Regenerative Medicine (Engineered Janus hydrogels: biomimetic surface engineering and biomedical applications).
- Subjects
TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,CHEMICAL engineering ,BIOMEDICAL engineering ,MEDICAL technology ,REGENERATIVE medicine - Abstract
A recent report from the University of Alberta discusses the potential of Janus hydrogels in regenerative medicine. These hydrogels, which have asymmetric surface designs, mimic the structural characteristics of natural biological barriers and can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The review paper provides guidelines for the rational design of Janus hydrogel bioadhesives, covering methods for surface chemistry and microstructure engineering. The researchers highlight the potential applications of Janus hydrogels in hemostasis/tissue sealing, chronic wound management, and regenerative medicine. The paper aims to inspire further research in this field and overcome current obstacles for advancing soft matter in healthcare. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
14. A review on nanoparticles: characteristics, synthesis, applications, and challenges.
- Author
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Altammar, Khadijah A.
- Subjects
TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,NANOPARTICLES ,GREEN technology ,REDUCING agents ,METAL ions - Abstract
The significance of nanoparticles (NPs) in technological advancements is due to their adaptable characteristics and enhanced performance over their parent material. They are frequently synthesized by reducing metal ions into uncharged nanoparticles using hazardous reducing agents. However, there have been several initiatives in recent years to create green technology that uses natural resources instead of dangerous chemicals to produce nanoparticles. In green synthesis, biological methods are used for the synthesis of NPs because biological methods are eco-friendly, clean, safe, cost-effective, uncomplicated, and highly productive. Numerous biological organisms, such as bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, algae, yeast, and plants, are used for the green synthesis of NPs. Additionally, this paper will discuss nanoparticles, including their types, traits, synthesis methods, applications, and prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Physicochemical characterization, and relaxometry studies of micro-graphite oxide, graphene nanoplatelets, and nanoribbons
- Author
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Balaji Sitharaman, Shruti Kanakia, Leonard Deepak Francis, Bhavna S. Paratala, and Barry D. Jacobson
- Subjects
Chemical Phenomena ,Magnetic Properties ,Intercalation (chemistry) ,Nanoparticle ,Contrast Media ,lcsh:Medicine ,02 engineering and technology ,Microscopy, Atomic Force ,Spectrum Analysis, Raman ,01 natural sciences ,Nanomaterials ,law.invention ,Diagnostic Radiology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,Materials Chemistry ,Nanotechnology ,lcsh:Science ,Microstructure ,Mathematical Computing ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemistry ,Oxides ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Medicine ,Materials Characterization ,Graphite ,Material by Structure ,0210 nano-technology ,Radiology ,Graphene nanoribbons ,Research Article ,Intermetallics ,Materials Science ,Material Properties ,Graphite oxide ,Carbon nanotube ,010402 general chemistry ,Magnetic Materials ,Material by Attribute ,Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ,Graphene oxide paper ,Graphene ,Nanotubes, Carbon ,lcsh:R ,0104 chemical sciences ,Chemical engineering ,Bionanotechnology ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Nanoparticles ,lcsh:Q ,Mathematics - Abstract
The chemistry of high-performance magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents remains an active area of research. In this work, we demonstrate that the potassium permanganate-based oxidative chemical procedures used to synthesize graphite oxide or graphene nanoparticles leads to the confinement (intercalation) of trace amounts of Mn(2+) ions between the graphene sheets, and that these manganese intercalated graphitic and graphene structures show disparate structural, chemical and magnetic properties, and high relaxivity (up to 2 order) and distinctly different nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion profiles compared to paramagnetic chelate compounds. The results taken together with other published reports on confinement of paramagnetic metal ions within single-walled carbon nanotubes (a rolled up graphene sheet) show that confinement (encapsulation or intercalation) of paramagnetic metal ions within graphene sheets, and not the size, shape or architecture of the graphitic carbon particles is the key determinant for increasing relaxivity, and thus, identifies nano confinement of paramagnetic ions as novel general strategy to develop paramagnetic metal-ion graphitic-carbon complexes as high relaxivity MRI contrast agents.
- Published
- 2012
16. Lehigh University researchers make sand that flows uphill.
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RESEARCH personnel ,APPLIED sciences ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,SAND ,TEACHER development - Abstract
Bioengineering, Biomolecular Engineering, Bionanotechnology, Biotechnology, Emerging Technologies, Engineering, Lehigh University, Nanobiotechnology, Nanotechnology Keywords: Bioengineering; Biomolecular Engineering; Bionanotechnology; Biotechnology; Emerging Technologies; Engineering; Lehigh University; Nanobiotechnology; Nanotechnology EN Bioengineering Biomolecular Engineering Bionanotechnology Biotechnology Emerging Technologies Engineering Lehigh University Nanobiotechnology Nanotechnology 2542 2542 1 10/03/23 20231006 NES 231006 2023 OCT 6 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Engineering researchers at Lehigh University have discovered that sand can actually flow uphill. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
17. Gold Nano-Urchins Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) BIOSENSORS for the Detection of Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ERα).
- Author
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Pae, Jian Yi, Nair, Radhika V., Padmanabhan, Parasuraman, Radhakrishnan, Gayathri, Gulyas, Balazs, and Vadakke Matham, Murukeshan
- Abstract
Breast cancer is the deadliest form of cancer in women, but it also has very high survival rates when treated early. Existing breast cancer detection methods such as mammography are ineffective in the early detection of breast cancer due to the low uptake among women and the need for regular screening. Therefore, biosensors have been proposed as an alternative method for cost-effective breast cancer screening which may encourage more women to go for screening more regularly. In this paper, a gold nano-urchins enhanced plasmonic sensor is demonstrated for the detection of a typical breast cancer marker, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). The localized field confinement effect due to the sharp features of the nano-urchins amplifies the biosensing signal and improves its sensitivity as compared to a conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. New Data from University of Bucharest Illuminate Research in Tissue Engineering (From Nature to Technology: Exploring the Potential of Plant-Based Materials and Modified Plants in Biomimetics, Bionics, and Green Innovations).
- Subjects
BIOMIMETICS ,BIONICS ,BIOMIMETIC materials ,TISSUE engineering ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,BIOMEDICAL engineering - Abstract
A new report from the University of Bucharest explores the potential of plant-based materials and modified plants in biomimetics, bionics, and green innovations. The review highlights the extensive applications of plants in various fields such as medicine, materials science, and environmental technology. It discusses the use of plant-based and vegetal waste materials in creating eco-friendly and cost-effective materials with remarkable properties, including advancements in drug delivery, environmental remediation, and renewable energy production. The research also emphasizes the potential of (nano)bionic plants in improving quality of life and even lifesaving applications. The integration of plants in the synthesis of biocompatible materials for medical applications, such as tissue engineering scaffolds and artificial muscles, demonstrates their versatility and aligns with global sustainability goals. The paper advocates for further exploration of vegetal materials to address pressing environmental and technological challenges. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
19. Supremacy of nanoparticles in the therapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia
- Author
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Gopalarethinam Janani, Agnishwar Girigoswami, and Koyeli Girigoswami
- Subjects
Philadelphia chromosome ,bionanotechnology ,tyrosine kinase pathway ,half- life ,passive targeting ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Background and purpose: The reciprocal translocation of the ABL gene from chromosome 9 to chromosome 22 near the BCR gene gives rise to chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The translocation results in forming the Philadelphia chromosome (BCR-ABL) tyrosine kinase. CML results in an increase in the number of white blood cells and alteration in tyrosine kinase expression. CML prognosis includes three stages, namely chronic, accelerated, and blast. The diagnosis method involves a CT scan, biopsy, and complete blood count. However, due to certain disadvantages, early diagnosis of CML is not possible by traditional methods. Nanotechnology offers many advantages in diagnosing and treating cancer. Experimental approach: We searched PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar using the keywords Philadelphia chromosome, bionanotechnology, tyrosine kinase pathway, half-life, passive targeting, and organic and inorganic nanoparticles. The relevant papers and the classical papers in this field were selected to write about in this review. Key results: The sensitivity and specificity of an assay can be improved by nanoparticles. Utilizing this property, peptides, antibodies, aptamers, etc., in the form of nanoparticles, can be used to detect cancer at a much earlier stage. The half-life of the drug is also increased by nanoformulation. The nanoparticle-coated drugs can easily escape from the immune system. Conclusion: Depending on their type, nanoparticles can be categorized into organic, inorganic and hybrid. Each type has its advantages. Organic nanoparticles have good biocompatibility, inorganic nanoparticles increase the half-life of the drugs. In this review, we highlight the nanoparticles involved in treating CML.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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20. The Dynamics of Information Flows with the Key Terms Nanobio- or Bionano- in Global and Russian Information Resources.
- Author
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Soloshenko, N. S. and Pronina, T. A.
- Abstract
This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of documents arrays with the keywords nanobio- or bionano- in the Scopus Database, Web of Science Core collection, Russian Science Citation Index and VINITI RAS Database using the analytical tools of these resources. The subject distribution, composition of sources, and key terms are considered. Differences in the relevant document arrays of these databases in the case of identical queries are revealed. The influence of subject indexing in various resources on the formation of specialized Russian publications arrays is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. The impact of eco-friendly nanoparticles on the management of phytopathogenic fungi: a comprehensive review
- Author
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Al-Goul, Soha Talal
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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22. Studies from Guangdong Medical University Yield New Data on Nanobiotechnology (Nanomaterial-based Therapeutics for Biofilm-generated Bacterial Infection).
- Subjects
TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,MEDICAL technology ,THERAPEUTICS ,PHARMACEUTICAL biotechnology ,ORGANS (Anatomy) - Abstract
A study conducted by researchers at Guangdong Medical University in Dongguan, China, explores the use of nanobiomaterials for the treatment of bacterial biofilm infections. Biofilms are dense structures formed by bacteria that can lead to persistent infections and multi-organ failure. Traditional drug therapies often fail to effectively treat these infections due to the low drug permeability of biofilms. Nanobiomaterials offer advantages such as specific targeting, intelligent delivery, high drug loading, and low toxicity, making them a promising strategy for eradicating drug-resistant bacterial biofilms. The study highlights various approaches, including the use of nanobiomaterials combined with enzymes to degrade biofilms, loading quorum sensing inhibitors, and employing energy-driven micro-nano robots for drug delivery. However, challenges remain in designing nanobiomaterials that can effectively penetrate biofilms due to their spatial and metabolic heterogeneity. The research concludes by emphasizing the role of nanobiomaterials in the future of biofilm treatment. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
23. Widespread Nanoparticle-Assay Interference: Implications for Nanotoxicity Testing.
- Author
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Ong, Kimberly J., MacCormack, Tyson J., Clark, Rhett J., Ede, James D., Ortega, Van A., Felix, Lindsey C., Dang, Michael K. M., Ma, Guibin, Fenniri, Hicham, Veinot, Jonathan G. C., and Goss, Greg G.
- Subjects
NANOPARTICLES ,TOXICITY testing ,NANOTECHNOLOGY ,FLUORESCENCE ,TITANIUM dioxide ,NANOTUBES ,BIOTECHNOLOGY - Abstract
The evaluation of engineered nanomaterial safety has been hindered by conflicting reports demonstrating differential degrees of toxicity with the same nanoparticles. The unique properties of these materials increase the likelihood that they will interfere with analytical techniques, which may contribute to this phenomenon. We tested the potential for: 1) nanoparticle intrinsic fluorescence/absorbance, 2) interactions between nanoparticles and assay components, and 3) the effects of adding both nanoparticles and analytes to an assay, to interfere with the accurate assessment of toxicity. Silicon, cadmium selenide, titanium dioxide, and helical rosette nanotubes each affected at least one of the six assays tested, resulting in either substantial over- or under-estimations of toxicity. Simulation of realistic assay conditions revealed that interference could not be predicted solely by interactions between nanoparticles and assay components. Moreover, the nature and degree of interference cannot be predicted solely based on our current understanding of nanomaterial behaviour. A literature survey indicated that ca. 95% of papers from 2010 using biochemical techniques to assess nanotoxicity did not account for potential interference of nanoparticles, and this number had not substantially improved in 2012. We provide guidance on avoiding and/or controlling for such interference to improve the accuracy of nanotoxicity assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Nanotechnology Enabled Enhancement of Enzyme Activity and Thermostability: Study on Impaired Pectate Lyase from Attenuated Macrophomina phaseolina in Presence of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticle
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Dutta, Nalok, Mukhopadhyay, Arka, Dasgupta, Anjan Kr., and Chakrabarti, Krishanu
- Subjects
MACROPHOMINA phaseolina ,PECTATE lyase ,NANOTECHNOLOGY ,ENZYMATIC analysis ,THERMAL stability ,HYDROXYAPATITE ,MOLECULAR chaperones ,TEMPERATURE effect - Abstract
In this paper we show that hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (NP) can not only act as a chaperon (by imparting thermostability) but can serve as a synthetic enhancer of activity of an isolated extracellular pectate lyase (APL) with low native state activity. The purified enzyme (an attenuated strain of Macrophomina phaseolina) showed feeble activity at 50°C and pH 5.6. However, on addition of 10.5 µg/ml of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (NP), APL activity increased 27.7 fold with a 51 fold increase in half-life at a temperature of 90°C as compared to untreated APL. The chaperon like activity of NP was evident from entropy–enthalpy compensation profile of APL. The upper critical temperature for such compensation was elevated from 50°C to 90°C in presence of NP. This dual role of NP in enhancing activity and conferring thermostability to a functionally impaired enzyme is reported for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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25. Self-Assembly, Self-Organization: Nanotechnology and Vitalism
- Author
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Bensaude-Vincent, Bernadette
- Published
- 2009
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26. Quantum-Dot-Based Aptamer Beacon for the Detection of Potassium Ions.
- Author
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Wu, Tsai-Chin, Biswas, Sushmita, Dutta, Mitra, and Stroscio, Michael A.
- Abstract
Monitoring serum potassium ion levels is very common in blood tests, for abnormal potassium ion levels are usually signs of many disease such as hyper blood pressure. This study reports the first use of quantum dot (QD)-based-aptamer beacons for the detection of potassium ion concentrations. In this paper, the detection of changes in potassium versus the fluorescence intensity of the beacon is obtained. In addition, for the same aptamer sequence, one with a six-base spacer and one without the spacer are also compared. The photoluminescence measurements indicate that beacons with six-base spacers exhibit a better on–off contrast due to a longer separation between QDs and the quenchers. Dissociation constants of the aptamer probes against potassium ions are also obtained. The large on–off contrast, which can be seen by the naked eye, points to the potential of the development for take-home potassium ion level sensor devices. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Gold nanoparticles delivery in mammalian live cells: a critical review.
- Author
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Lévy, Raphaël, Shaheen, Umbreen, Cesbron, Yann, and Sée, Violaine
- Subjects
NANOPARTICLES ,GOLD ,DRUG delivery systems ,CELLS ,PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry - Abstract
Functional nanomaterials have recently attracted strong interest from the biology community, not only as potential drug delivery vehicles or diagnostic tools, but also as optical nanomaterials. This is illustrated by the explosion of publications in the field with more than 2,000 publications in the last 2 years (4,000 papers since 2000; from ISI Web of Knowledge, 'nanoparticle and cell' hit). Such a publication boom in this novel interdisciplinary field has resulted in papers of unequal standard, partly because it is challenging to assemble the required expertise in chemistry, physics, and biology in a single team. As an extreme example, several papers published in physical chemistry journals claim intracellular delivery of nanoparticles, but show pictures of cells that are, to the expert biologist, evidently dead (and therefore permeable). To attain proper cellular applications using nanomaterials, it is critical not only to achieve efficient delivery in healthy cells, but also to control the intracellular availability and the fate of the nanomaterial. This is still an open challenge that will only be met by innovative delivery methods combined with rigorous and quantitative characterization of the uptake and the fate of the nanoparticles. This review mainly focuses on gold nanoparticles and discusses the various approaches to nanoparticle delivery, including surface chemical modifications and several methods used to facilitate cellular uptake and endosomal escape. We will also review the main detection methods and how their optimum use can inform about intracellular localization, efficiency of delivery, and integrity of the surface capping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Rapamycin/sodium hyaluronate binding on nano-hydroxyapatite coated titanium surface improves MC3T3-E1 osteogenesis.
- Author
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Liu, Chao, Dong, Jian Yong, Yue, Lin Lin, Liu, Shao Hua, Wan, Yi, Liu, Hong, Tan, Wan Ye, Guo, Qian Qian, and Zhang, Dong
- Subjects
RAPAMYCIN ,HYDROXYAPATITE coating ,BONE growth ,METALS in surgery ,TITANIUM - Abstract
Endosseous titanium (Ti) implant failure due to poor biocompatibility of implant surface remains a major problem for osseointegration. Improving the topography of Ti surface may enhance osseointegration, however, the mechanism remains unknown. To investigate the effect of modified Ti surface on osteogenesis, we loaded rapamycin (RA) onto nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp) coated Ti surface which was acid-etched, alkali-heated and HAp coated sequentially. Sodium hyaluronate (SH) was employed as an intermediate layer for the load of RA, and a steady release rate of RA was maintained. Cell vitality of MC3T3-E1 was assessed by MTT. Osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1 on this modified Ti surface was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization and related osteogenesis genes osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), Collagen-I and Runx2. The result revealed that RA/SH-loaded nano-HAp Ti surface was innocent for cell vitality and even more beneficial for cell osteogenesis in vitro. Furthermore, osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1 showed significant association with the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation by RA, which required further study about the mechanism. The approach to this modified Ti surface presented in this paper has high research value for the development of Ti-based implant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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- View/download PDF
29. Studies from University of Bejaia Have Provided New Data on Nanobiotechnology [A Bionanocomposite of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)/ Zno-nanoparticles Intended for Food Packaging].
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FOOD packaging ,NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,INDUSTRIAL chemistry ,BIOMACROMOLECULES - Abstract
Algeria, Bejaia, Bioengineering, Bionanocomposite, 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid, Bionanotech, Bionanotechnology, Biotechnology, Carboxylic Acids, Drugs and Therapies, Emerging Technologies, Food Packaging, Hydroxybutyrates, Nanobiotechnology, Nanoparticles, Nanotechnology, Organic Chemicals, Technology, Zinc Oxide Nanotechnology, Zinc Oxide In this paper, biofilms were prepared using poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydrox-yhexanoate) (PHBHHx) reinforced with Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) to develop new bionanocomposite materials intended for food packaging." Keywords: Bejaia; Algeria; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Bioengineering; Bionanocomposite; Bionanotech; Bionanotechnology; Biotechnology; Carboxylic Acids; Drugs and Therapies; Emerging Technologies; Food Packaging; Hydroxybutyrates; Nanobiotechnology; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Organic Chemicals; Technology; Zinc Oxide; Zinc Oxide Nanotechnology EN Bejaia Algeria 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid Bioengineering Bionanocomposite Bionanotech Bionanotechnology Biotechnology Carboxylic Acids Drugs and Therapies Emerging Technologies Food Packaging Hydroxybutyrates Nanobiotechnology Nanoparticles Nanotechnology Organic Chemicals Technology Zinc Oxide Zinc Oxide Nanotechnology 2057 2057 1 06/05/23 20230608 NES 230608 2023 JUN 9 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Food Weekly News -- Data detailed on Nanotechnology - Nanobiotechnology have been presented. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
30. Focused ultrasound on the substantia nigra enables safe neurotensin-polyplex nanoparticle-mediated gene delivery to dopaminergic neurons intranasally and by blood circulation.
- Author
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Mascotte-Cruz, Juan U., Vera, Arturo, Leija, Lorenzo, Lopez-Salas, Francisco E., Gradzielski, Michael, Koetz, Joachim, Gatica-García, Bismark, Rodríguez-Oviedo, C. P., Valenzuela-Arzeta, Irais E., Escobedo, Lourdes, Reyes-Corona, David, Gutierrez-Castillo, ME., Maldonado-Berny, Minerva, Espadas-Alvarez, Armando J., Orozco-Barrios, Carlos E., and Martinez-Fong, Daniel
- Subjects
DOPAMINERGIC neurons ,BLOOD circulation ,SUBSTANTIA nigra ,GLIAL fibrillary acidic protein ,NASAL mucosa ,COMPLEMENT (Immunology) ,GREEN fluorescent protein ,DOPAMINE receptors - Abstract
Neurotensin-polyplex nanoparticles provide efficient gene transfection of nigral dopaminergic neurons when intracerebrally injected in preclinical trials of Parkinson's disease because they do not cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Therefore, this study aimed to open BBB with focused ultrasound (FUS) on the substantia nigra to attain systemic and intranasal transfections and evaluate its detrimental effect in rats. Systemically injected Evans Blue showed that a two-pulse FUS opened the nigral BBB. Accordingly, 35 μL of neurotensin-polyplex nanoparticles encompassing the green fluorescent protein plasmid (79.6 nm mean size and + 1.3 mV Zeta-potential) caused its expression in tyrosine hydroxylase(+) cells (dopaminergic neurons) of both substantiae nigrae upon delivery via internal carotid artery, retro-orbital venous sinus, or nasal mucosa 30 min after FUS. The intracarotid delivery yielded the highest transgene expression, followed by intranasal and venous administration. However, FUS caused neuroinflammation displayed by infiltrated lymphocytes (positive to cluster of differentiation 45), activated microglia (positive to ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1), neurotoxic A1 astrocytes (positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and complement component 3), and neurotrophic A2 astrocytes (positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100 calcium-binding protein A10), that ended 15 days after FUS. Dopaminergic neurons and axonal projections decreased but recuperated basal values on day 15 after transfection, correlating with a decrease and recovery of locomotor behavior. In conclusion, FUS caused transient neuroinflammation and reversible neuronal affection but allowed systemic and intranasal transfection of dopaminergic neurons in both substantiae nigrae. Therefore, FUS could advance neurotensin-polyplex nanotechnology to clinical trials for Parkinson's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Spintronic Nanodevices for Bioinspired Computing.
- Author
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Grollier, Julie, Querlioz, Damien, and Stiles, Mark D.
- Subjects
SPINTRONICS ,COMPUTER systems ,MAGNETIC tunnelling ,COMPLEMENTARY metal oxide semiconductors ,NANOELECTROMECHANICAL systems - Abstract
Bioinspired hardware holds the promise of low-energy, intelligent, and highly adaptable computing systems. Applications span from automatic classification for big data management, through unmanned vehicle control, to control for biomedical prosthesis. However, one of the major challenges of fabricating bioinspired hardware is building ultrahigh-density networks out of complex processing units interlinked by tunable connections. Nanometer-scale devices exploiting spin electronics (or spintronics) can be a key technology in this context. In particular, magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are well suited for this purpose because of their multiple tunable functionalities. One such functionality, nonvolatile memory, can provide massive embedded memory in unconventional circuits, thus escaping the von-Neumann bottleneck arising when memory and processors are located separately. Other features of spintronic devices that could be beneficial for bioinspired computing include tunable fast nonlinear dynamics, controlled stochasticity, and the ability of single devices to change functions in different operating conditions. Large networks of interacting spintronic nanodevices can have their interactions tuned to induce complex dynamics such as synchronization, chaos, soliton diffusion, phase transitions, criticality, and convergence to multiple metastable states. A number of groups have recently proposed bioinspired architectures that include one or several types of spintronic nanodevices. In this paper, we show how spintronics can be used for bioinspired computing. We review the different approaches that have been proposed, the recent advances in this direction, and the challenges toward fully integrated spintronics complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) bioinspired hardware. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2016
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- View/download PDF
32. Studies from Fujian Normal University in the Area of Nanobiotechnology Reported (Biosynthesis of Bionanomaterials Using Bacillus Cereus for the Recovery of Rare Earth Elements From Mine Wastewater).
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RARE earth metals ,BACILLUS cereus ,NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY ,SEWAGE ,SPOREFORMING bacteria ,MICROBIAL exopolysaccharides - Abstract
Our news editors obtained a quote from the research from Fujian Normal University, "In this paper, a functional bionanomaterial (FeNPs-EPS) was biosynthesized using Bacillus cereus as a possible means of recovering REEs. Keywords: Fujian; People's Republic of China; Asia; Bacillaceae; Bacillus cereus; Bioengineering; Bionanomaterial; Bionanotech; Bionanotechnology; Biotechnology; Emerging Technologies; Endospore-Forming Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Rods; Gram-Positive Rods; Health and Medicine; Nanobiotechnology; Nanotechnology EN Fujian People's Republic of China Asia Bacillaceae Bacillus cereus Bioengineering Bionanomaterial Bionanotech Bionanotechnology Biotechnology Emerging Technologies Endospore-Forming Bacteria Gram-Positive Bacteria Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Rods Gram-Positive Rods Health and Medicine Nanobiotechnology Nanotechnology 6649 6649 1 03/23/23 20230310 NES 230310 2023 MAR 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Investigators discuss new findings in Nanotechnology - Nanobiotechnology. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
33. Biomembrane-Derived Nanoparticles in Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Synthetic Lipid Nanoparticles and Natural Cell-Derived Vesicles
- Author
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Gao C, Liu Y, Zhang TL, Luo Y, Gao J, Chu JJ, Gong BF, Chen XH, Yin T, Zhang J, and Yin Y
- Subjects
alzheimer's disease ,nanoparticles ,blood‒brain barrier ,liposomes ,bionanotechnology ,neurodegenerative diseases. ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Chao Gao,1,* Yan Liu,2,* Ting-Lin Zhang,3,* Yi Luo,2,4,* Jie Gao,3,* Jian-Jian Chu,1 Bao-Feng Gong,1 Xiao-Han Chen,1 Tong Yin,1 Jian Zhang,2 You Yin1 1Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4New Drug Discovery and Development, Biotheus Inc., Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: You Yin; Jian Zhang, Tel +86-21-81885463 ; +86- 21-25077150, Email yinyou179@163.com; zhangjian@xinhuamed.com.cnAbstract: Current therapies for Alzheimer’s disease used in the clinic predominantly focus on reducing symptoms with limited capability to control disease progression; thus, novel drugs are urgently needed. While nanoparticles (liposomes, high-density lipoprotein-based nanoparticles) constructed with synthetic biomembranes have shown great potential in AD therapy due to their excellent biocompatibility, multifunctionality and ability to penetrate the BBB, nanoparticles derived from natural biomembranes (extracellular vesicles, cell membrane-based nanoparticles) display inherent biocompatibility, stability, homing ability and ability to penetrate the BBB, which may present a safer and more effective treatment for AD. In this paper, we reviewed the synthetic and natural biomembrane-derived nanoparticles that are used in AD therapy. The challenges associated with the clinical translation of biomembrane-derived nanoparticles and future perspectives are also discussed. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, nanoparticles, blood‒brain barrier, liposomes, bionanotechnology, neurodegenerative diseases
- Published
- 2023
34. Novel Positively Charged Nanoparticle Labeling for In Vivo Imaging of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells.
- Author
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Yukawa, Hiroshi, Nakagawa, Shingo, Yoshizumi, Yasuma, Watanabe, Masaki, Saito, Hiroaki, Miyamoto, Yoshitaka, Noguchi, Hirofumi, Oishi, Koichi, Ono, Kenji, Sawada, Makoto, Kato, Ichiro, Onoshima, Daisuke, Obayashi, Momoko, Hayashi, Yumi, Kaji, Noritada, Ishikawa, Tetsuya, Hayashi, Shuji, and Baba, Yoshinobu
- Subjects
STEM cell transplantation ,ADIPOSE tissues ,NANOPARTICLES ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,CELL-mediated cytotoxicity ,CELL differentiation - Abstract
Stem cell transplantation has been expected to have various applications for regenerative medicine. However, in order to detect and trace the transplanted stem cells in the body, non-invasive and widely clinically available cell imaging technologies are required. In this paper, we focused on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technology, and investigated whether the trimethylamino dextran-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle -03 (TMADM-03), which was newly developed by our group, could be used for labeling adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) as a contrast agent. No cytotoxicity was observed in ASCs transduced with less than 100 µg-Fe/mL of TMADM-03 after a one hour transduction time. The transduction efficiency of TMADM-03 into ASCs was about four-fold more efficient than that of the alkali-treated dextran-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (ATDM), which is a major component of commercially available contrast agents such as ferucarbotran (Resovist), and the level of labeling was maintained for at least two weeks. In addition, the differentiation ability of ASCs labeled with TMADM-03 and their ability to produce cytokines such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), were confirmed to be maintained. The ASCs labeled with TMADM-03 were transplanted into the left kidney capsule of a mouse. The labeled ASCs could be imaged with good contrast using a 1T MR imaging system. These data suggest that TMADM-03 can therefore be utilized as a contrast agent for the MR imaging of stem cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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- View/download PDF
35. Critical Assessment of the Evidence for Striped Nanoparticles.
- Author
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Stirling, Julian, Lekkas, Ioannis, Sweetman, Adam, Djuranovic, Predrag, Guo, Quanmin, Pauw, Brian, Granwehr, Josef, Lévy, Raphaël, and Moriarty, Philip
- Subjects
NANOPARTICLES ,GOLD nanoparticles ,SCANNING tunneling microscopy ,BIOPHYSICS ,NEUTRON scattering ,MATHEMATICAL combinations - Abstract
There is now a significant body of literature which reports that stripes form in the ligand shell of suitably functionalised Au nanoparticles. This stripe morphology has been proposed to strongly affect the physicochemical and biochemical properties of the particles. We critique the published evidence for striped nanoparticles in detail, with a particular focus on the interpretation of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) data (as this is the only technique which ostensibly provides direct evidence for the presence of stripes). Through a combination of an exhaustive re-analysis of the original data, in addition to new experimental measurements of a simple control sample comprising entirely unfunctionalised particles, we show that all of the STM evidence for striped nanoparticles published to date can instead be explained by a combination of well-known instrumental artefacts, or by issues with data acquisition/analysis protocols. We also critically re-examine the evidence for the presence of ligand stripes which has been claimed to have been found from transmission electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, small angle neutron scattering experiments, and computer simulations. Although these data can indeed be interpreted in terms of stripe formation, we show that the reported results can alternatively be explained as arising from a combination of instrumental artefacts and inadequate data analysis techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Biophysically Inspired Rational Design of Structured Chimeric Substrates for DNAzyme Cascade Engineering.
- Author
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Lakin, Matthew R., Brown III, Carl W., Horwitz, Eli K., Fanning, M. Leigh, West, Hannah E., Stefanovic, Darko, and Graves, Steven W.
- Subjects
COMPANION diagnostics ,CHIMERIC proteins ,CATALYTIC activity ,DEOXYRIBOZYMES ,RECOMBINANT fusion proteins ,CHIMERIC enzymes - Abstract
The development of large-scale molecular computational networks is a promising approach to implementing logical decision making at the nanoscale, analogous to cellular signaling and regulatory cascades. DNA strands with catalytic activity (DNAzymes) are one means of systematically constructing molecular computation networks with inherent signal amplification. Linking multiple DNAzymes into a computational circuit requires the design of substrate molecules that allow a signal to be passed from one DNAzyme to another through programmed biochemical interactions. In this paper, we chronicle an iterative design process guided by biophysical and kinetic constraints on the desired reaction pathways and use the resulting substrate design to implement heterogeneous DNAzyme signaling cascades. A key aspect of our design process is the use of secondary structure in the substrate molecule to sequester a downstream effector sequence prior to cleavage by an upstream DNAzyme. Our goal was to develop a concrete substrate molecule design to achieve efficient signal propagation with maximal activation and minimal leakage. We have previously employed the resulting design to develop high-performance DNAzyme-based signaling systems with applications in pathogen detection and autonomous theranostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Hormesis Effects of Silver Nanoparticles at Non-Cytotoxic Doses to Human Hepatoma Cells.
- Author
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Jiao, Zhi-Hao, Li, Ming, Feng, Yi-Xing, Shi, Jia-Chen, Zhang, Jing, and Shao, Bing
- Subjects
HORMESIS ,SILVER nanoparticles ,HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma ,CANCER cell proliferation ,GENE expression ,ANIMAL models in research - Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted considerable attentions due to their unique properties and diverse applications. Although it has been reported that AgNPs have acute toxic effects on a variety of cultured mammalian cells and animal models, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the associated risk of AgNPs to human health at non-cytotoxic doses. In this paper, HepG2 cells were exposed to 10 nm and 100 nm AgNPs under non-cytotoxic conditions, and cell viability was assessed. At low doses, AgNPs displayed “hormesis” effects by accelerating cell proliferation. Further studies indicated that the activation states of MAPKs were differentially regulated in this process. Specifically, by increasing the expression of downstream genes, p38 MAPK played a central role in non-cytotoxic AgNP-induced hormesis. Moreover, the treatment of HepG2 cells with silver ions (Ag
+ ) at the same dose levels induced distinct biological effects, suggesting that different intrinsic properties exist for AgNPs and Ag+ . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Periadventitial Application of Rapamycin-Loaded Nanoparticles Produces Sustained Inhibition of Vascular Restenosis.
- Author
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Shi, Xudong, Chen, Guojun, Guo, Lian-Wang, Si, Yi, Zhu, Men, Pilla, Srikanth, Liu, Bo, Gong, Shaoqin, and Kent, K. Craig
- Subjects
RAPAMYCIN ,ANGIOPLASTY ,CAROTID artery diseases ,DRUG delivery systems ,FLUORESCENCE microscopy ,PHOSPHORYLATION - Abstract
Open vascular reconstructions frequently fail due to the development of recurrent disease or intimal hyperplasia (IH). This paper reports a novel drug delivery method using a rapamycin-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs)/pluronic gel system that can be applied periadventitially around the carotid artery immediately following the open surgery. In vitro studies revealed that rapamycin dispersed in pluronic gel was rapidly released over 3 days whereas release of rapamycin from rapamycin-loaded PLGA NPs embedded in pluronic gel was more gradual over 4 weeks. In cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), rapamycin-loaded NPs produced durable (14 days versus 3 days for free rapamycin) inhibition of phosphorylation of S6 kinase (S6K1), a downstream target in the mTOR pathway. In a rat balloon injury model, periadventitial delivery of rapamycin-loaded NPs produced inhibition of phospho-S6K1 14 days after balloon injury. Immunostaining revealed that rapamycin-loaded NPs reduced SMC proliferation at both 14 and 28 days whereas rapamycin alone suppressed proliferation at day 14 only. Moreover, rapamycin-loaded NPs sustainably suppressed IH for at least 28 days following treatment, whereas rapamycin alone produced suppression on day 14 with rebound of IH by day 28. Since rapamycin, PLGA, and pluronic gel have all been approved by the FDA for other human therapies, this drug delivery method could potentially be translated into human use quickly to prevent failure of open vascular reconstructions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Nanocargos designed with synthetic and natural polymers for ovarian cancer management
- Author
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PS, Sharon Sofini, Guha, Arina, Deepika, Balasubramanian, Udayakumar, Saranya, Nag, Moupriya, Lahiri, Dibyajit, Girigoswami, Agnishwar, and Girigoswami, Koyeli
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Boron Nitride Nanotube-Mediated Stimulation of Cell Co-Culture on Micro-Engineered Hydrogels.
- Author
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Ricotti, Leonardo, Fujie, Toshinori, Vazão, Helena, Ciofani, Gianni, Marotta, Roberto, Brescia, Rosaria, Filippeschi, Carlo, Corradini, Irene, Matteoli, Michela, Mattoli, Virgilio, Ferreira, Lino, and Menciassi, Arianna
- Subjects
BORON nitride ,CELL culture ,HYDROGELS ,FIBROBLASTS ,SKELETAL muscle ,MUSCULOSKELETAL system ,TISSUE engineering ,CELL differentiation ,NANOTECHNOLOGY - Abstract
In this paper, we describe the effects of the combination of topographical, mechanical, chemical and intracellular electrical stimuli on a co-culture of fibroblasts and skeletal muscle cells. The co-culture was anisotropically grown onto an engineered micro-grooved (10 µm-wide grooves) polyacrylamide substrate, showing a precisely tuned Young’s modulus (∼ 14 kPa) and a small thickness (∼ 12 µm). We enhanced the co-culture properties through intracellular stimulation produced by piezoelectric nanostructures (i.e., boron nitride nanotubes) activated by ultrasounds, thus exploiting the ability of boron nitride nanotubes to convert outer mechanical waves (such as ultrasounds) in intracellular electrical stimuli, by exploiting the direct piezoelectric effect. We demonstrated that nanotubes were internalized by muscle cells and localized in both early and late endosomes, while they were not internalized by the underneath fibroblast layer. Muscle cell differentiation benefited from the synergic combination of topographical, mechanical, chemical and nanoparticle-based stimuli, showing good myotube development and alignment towards a preferential direction, as well as high expression of genes encoding key proteins for muscle contraction (i.e., actin and myosin). We also clarified the possible role of fibroblasts in this process, highlighting their response to the above mentioned physical stimuli in terms of gene expression and cytokine production. Finally, calcium imaging-based experiments demonstrated a higher functionality of the stimulated co-cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Visualizing the Attack of RNase Enzymes on Dendriplexes and Naked RNA Using Atomic Force Microscopy.
- Author
-
Abdelhady, Hosam G., Lin, Yen-Ling, Sun, Haiping, and ElSayed, Mohamed E. H.
- Subjects
RIBONUCLEASES ,ATOMIC force microscopy ,POLYAMIDOAMINE dendrimers ,SMALL interfering RNA ,ENZYMATIC analysis ,BIOTECHNOLOGY ,RNA interference ,HUMAN genetics ,NANOTECHNOLOGY - Abstract
Cationic polymers such as poly(amidoamine), PAMAM, dendrimers have been used to electrostatically complex siRNA molecules forming dendriplexes for enhancing the cytoplasmic delivery of the encapsulated cargo. However, excess PAMAM dendrimers is typically used to protect the loaded siRNA against enzymatic attack, which results in systemic toxicity that hinders the in vivo use of these particles. In this paper, we evaluate the ability of G4 (flexible) and G5 (rigid) dendrimers to complex model siRNA molecules at low +/− ratio of 2/1 upon incubation for 20 minutes and 24 hours. We examine the ability of the formed G4 and G5 dendriplexes to shield the loaded siRNA molecules and protect them from degradation by RNase V1 enzymes using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results show that G4 and G5 dendrimers form similar hexagonal complexes upon incubation with siRNA molecules for 20 minutes with average full width of 43±19.3 nm and 62±8.3 at half the maximum height, respectively. AFM images show that these G4 and G5 dendriplexes were attacked by RNase V1 enzyme leading to degradation of the exposed RNA molecules that increased with the increase in incubation time. In comparison, incubating G4 and G5 dendrimers with siRNA for 24 hours led to the formation of large particles with average full width of 263±60 nm and 48.3±2.5 nm at half the maximum height, respectively. Both G4 and G5 dendriplexes had a dense central core that proved to shield the loaded RNA molecules from enzymatic attack for up to 60 minutes. These results show the feasibility of formulating G4 and G5 dendriplexes at a low N/P (+/−) ratio that can resist degradation by RNase enzymes, which reduces the risk of inducing non-specific toxicity when used in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Topological Analysis of Enzymatic Actions on DNA Polyhedral Links.
- Author
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Hu, Guang, Wang, Ze, and Qiu, Wen-Yuan
- Subjects
SYNTHETIC biology ,TOPOLOGY ,DNA ,POLYHEDRA ,MATHEMATICAL models ,BIOMOLECULES ,KNOT theory ,ENZYMES - Abstract
Current synthetic biology has witnessed a revolution that natural DNA molecule steps onto a broad scientific area by assembling a large variety of three-dimensional structures with the connectivity of polyhedra. A mathematical model of these biomolecules is crucial to clarify the biological self-assembly principle, and unravel a first-step understanding of biological regulation and controlling mechanisms. In this paper, mechanisms of two different enzymatic actions on DNA polyhedra are elucidated through theoretical models of polyhedral links: (1) topoisomerase that untangles DNA polyhedral links produces separated single-stranded DNA circles through the crossing change operation; (2) recombinase generates a class of polyhedral circular paths or polyhedral knots by applying the crossing smoothing operation. Furthermore, we also discuss the possibility of applying two theoretical operations in molecular design of DNA polyhedra. Thus, our research provides a new sight of how geometry and topology of DNA polyhedra can be manipulated and controlled by enzymes, as well as has implications for molecular design and structural analysis of structural genome organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Findings from University of Alberta Reveals New Findings on Nanobiotechnology [Bionanotechnology and Biomems (Bnm): State-of-the-art Applications, Opportunities, and Challenges].
- Subjects
NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY ,MEDICAL technology ,MICROFLUIDIC devices ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,DISEASE management - Abstract
A report from the University of Alberta discusses the advancements in bionanotechnology and bioMEMS (Biomicroelectromechanical Systems) in the field of medicine and biology. These technologies, which have been developed using fabrication techniques from the semiconductor industry, have the potential to address complex problems in healthcare. The report highlights various applications and challenges in bionanotechnology and bioMEMS, including microfluidic organ-on-chip devices, oral drug delivery, infectious disease management, 3D printed microfluidic devices, and wearable sensors for point-of-care testing. The research concludes that these advancements have been instrumental in the progress of medical technology over the past three decades. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
44. Mitochondrial protein plays key role in glioblastoma and therapeutic resistance.
- Subjects
MITOCHONDRIAL proteins ,BRAIN tumors ,GLIOBLASTOMA multiforme - Abstract
Out of 577 samples, they found that the CHCHD2 genes had higher expression in tumor cells, compared to non-tumor tissue, and was higher in advanced cases of glioblastoma. Keywords: Animal Science; Bioengineering; Biomolecular Engineering; Bionanotechnology; Biotechnology; Cancer; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Drugs and Therapies; Emerging Technologies; Engineering; Genetics; Glioblastomas; Health and Medicine; Mitochondrial Proteins; Nanobiotechnology; Nanotechnology; Oncology; Therapeutics; Therapy EN Animal Science Bioengineering Biomolecular Engineering Bionanotechnology Biotechnology Cancer Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Drugs and Therapies Emerging Technologies Engineering Genetics Glioblastomas Health and Medicine Mitochondrial Proteins Nanobiotechnology Nanotechnology Oncology Therapeutics Therapy 607 607 1 10/30/23 20231030 NES 231030 2023 OCT 31 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Veterinary Week -- Glioblastoma is the most common type of brain tumor that affects adults and, unfortunately, still remains incurable. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
45. New Biomimetics Study Results from Far Eastern Federal University Described (Silica-Containing Biomimetic Composites Based on Sea Urchin Skeleton and Polycalcium Organyl Silsesquioxane).
- Subjects
SEA urchins ,SKELETON ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,SCIENCE education ,REPORTERS & reporting - Abstract
Bioengineering, Biomimetics, Bionanotechnology, Biotechnology, Emerging Technologies, Nanobiotechnology, Nanotechnology Keywords: Bioengineering; Biomimetics; Bionanotechnology; Biotechnology; Emerging Technologies; Nanobiotechnology; Nanotechnology EN Bioengineering Biomimetics Bionanotechnology Biotechnology Emerging Technologies Nanobiotechnology Nanotechnology 1187 1187 1 08/14/23 20230818 NES 230818 2023 AUG 18 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Researchers detail new data in biomimetics. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
46. From Synthesis to Clinical Trial: Novel Bioinductive Calcium Deficient HA/β-TCP Bone Grafting Nanomaterial.
- Author
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Mishchenko, Oleg, Yanovska, Anna, Sulaieva, Oksana, Moskalenko, Roman, Pernakov, Mykola, Husak, Yevheniia, Korniienko, Viktoriia, Deineka, Volodymyr, Kosinov, Oleksii, Varakuta, Olga, Ramanavicius, Simonas, Varzhapetjan, Suren, Ramanaviciene, Almira, Krumina, Dzanna, Knipše, Gundega, Ramanavicius, Arunas, and Pogorielov, Maksym
- Subjects
BONE grafting ,SINUS augmentation ,NANOSTRUCTURED materials ,DENTAL implants ,THROMBOSIS - Abstract
Maxillary sinus augmentation is a commonly used procedure for the placement of dental implants. However, the use of natural and synthetic materials in this procedure has resulted in postoperative complications ranging from 12% to 38%. To address this issue, we developed a novel calcium deficient HA/β-TCP bone grafting nanomaterial using a two-step synthesis method with appropriate structural and chemical parameters for sinus lifting applications. We demonstrated that our nanomaterial exhibits high biocompatibility, enhances cell proliferation, and stimulates collagen expression. Furthermore, the degradation of β-TCP in our nanomaterial promotes blood clot formation, which supports cell aggregation and new bone growth. In a clinical trial involving eight cases, we observed the formation of compact bone tissue 8 months after the operation, allowing for the successful installation of dental implants without any early postoperative complications. Our results suggest that our novel bone grafting nanomaterial has the potential to improve the success rate of maxillary sinus augmentation procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. In Vitro Conservation and Regeneration of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.): Role of Paclobutrazol and Silver Nanoparticles.
- Author
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Baltazar Bernal, Obdulia, Spinoso-Castillo, José Luis, Mancilla-Álvarez, Eucario, Muñoz-Márquez Trujillo, Rafael Arturo, and Bello-Bello, Jericó Jabín
- Subjects
SILVER nanoparticles ,PACLOBUTRAZOL ,PLANT shoots ,POTATOES ,BENZYLAMINOPURINE ,CHLOROPHYLL ,GERMPLASM - Abstract
In vitro conservation and regeneration of potato germplasm is important in breeding programs. The objective of this study was to assess the combined effect of paclobutrazol (PAC) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) during reduced-growth conservation and their in vitro ability to regenerate S. tuberosum after conservation treatments. For the conservation system, apices were used as explants in Murashige and Skoog culture media with different combinations of PAC (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg L
−1 ) and AgNPs (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg L−1 ). At six months of culture, plant length, number of lateral branches, number of leaves and roots, root length, stomatal density and total chlorophyll content were assessed. For regeneration, explants were internodes cultured in medium with only 2 mg L−1 benzyladenine (BA). At 60 d of culture, the response percentage, number of shoots per explant and shoot length were assessed. For in vitro conservation, the combination of 2 mg L−1 PAC and 50 mg L−1 AgNPs was the best treatment, whereas for in vitro regeneration, the highest number of shoots was in explants that were treated with 1 or 2 mg L−1 PAC with 50 mg L−1 AgNPs. In conclusion, PAC and AgNPs are alternatives for in vitro S. tuberosum conservation, and their evaluation in other species recalcitrant to the effect of ethylene is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Human pangenome reference will enable more complete and equitable understanding of genomic diversity.
- Subjects
GENOMICS ,BIOINFORMATICS software ,HUMAN genetic variation ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,HUMAN genome ,NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY - Abstract
Creating the pangenome The pangenome was made possible through the development of advanced computational techniques to align the multiple genome sequences into one, usable reference in a structure called a pangenome graph. Because of the methods used in this project, all of the genomes within the pangenome reference are of extremely high quality and accuracy, covering more than 99 percent of each human genome with more than 99 percent accuracy. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
49. A review on nanoparticles: characteristics, synthesis, applications, and challenges
- Author
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Khadijah A. Altammar
- Subjects
green synthesis ,nanoparticles ,nanotechnology ,biological synthesis ,microbial nanotechnology ,bionanotechnology ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The significance of nanoparticles (NPs) in technological advancements is due to their adaptable characteristics and enhanced performance over their parent material. They are frequently synthesized by reducing metal ions into uncharged nanoparticles using hazardous reducing agents. However, there have been several initiatives in recent years to create green technology that uses natural resources instead of dangerous chemicals to produce nanoparticles. In green synthesis, biological methods are used for the synthesis of NPs because biological methods are eco-friendly, clean, safe, cost-effective, uncomplicated, and highly productive. Numerous biological organisms, such as bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, algae, yeast, and plants, are used for the green synthesis of NPs. Additionally, this paper will discuss nanoparticles, including their types, traits, synthesis methods, applications, and prospects.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Narrowband Magnetic Particle Imaging Utilizing Electric Scanning of Field Free Point.
- Author
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Bai, S., Hirokawa, A., Tanabe, K., Sasayama, T., Yoshida, T., and Enpuku, K.
- Subjects
BANDWIDTHS ,PARTICLE image velocimetry ,ELECTRIC fields ,SIGNAL-to-noise ratio ,MECHANICAL behavior of materials - Abstract
We developed a narrowband magnetic particle imaging (MPI) system that uses third-harmonic signal detection and electrical scanning of the field free point (FFP). Comparing with mechanical scanning, we can decrease the measurement time significantly and increase the signal-to-noise ratio as well. For electrical scanning, we designed and constructed gradient and shift coils. The gradient coil consisting of four pieces of planar coils generated the gradient field with a field gradient of 0.4 T/m at a height of 25 mm from the coil surface. The FFP can be moved ±8 mm by supplying a current of ±6.6 A to the shift coil. Using the developed system, we detected two magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) samples located at a depth of 35 mm below the pickup coil with a spacing of 10 mm. By applying an excitation field of 1 mT at 22.75 kHz, we measured the third-harmonic signal from the MNP samples and obtained a contour map of the signal field in an area of 16 $\times$ 16 mm2. Then, we converted the field map into an MNP distribution using singular value decomposition method. It was shown that the spatial resolution of the reconstructed MNP distribution was improved compared with that of the measured contour map of the signal field. The spatial resolution for MNP detection in MNP distribution was 5 mm and two MNP samples were distinguished clearly. This result indicated that MPI using electrical scanning of the FFP was successfully performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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