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The World Police Medical-Officers in Clinical Forensic Medicine (WPMO) is an international conference on practice of forensic medicine and clinical forensic medicine to be taken place every three years. Its 4th international conference (WPMO-1996-KUMAMOTO) was held on 19-23 August 1996 in Kumamoto, Japan. A total of 294 participants, 89 overseas from 18 countries and 205 domestic, were attended. Four plenary lectures and 67 free papers were presented in the conference. Such social programs as welcome reception, one-day-tour, citizen's home visit, banquet etc were carried out. The two plenary entitled 'Current Status of Practice of Forensic Medicine in U.S.A.' by Prof. Thomas T. Noguchi and 'Origins and Development of the Police Surgeon Services in U.K.' by Dr. Reginald A. Bunting were tape-recorded and presented in this report as references of future activities of forensic medicine in Japan.

一般論文, 国際防災教育支援において、支援者と被支援者との間の社会的・経済的・文化的・教育環境的相異に配慮すべきとの主張は数多い。この主張は、相異に配慮しさえすれば、支援者が教える知識・技術は被支援者にとって有用であり、国際的防災教育支援という枠組・実践はどのような社会間にも適用可能であるとの前提に立つ。しかし、ルーマンの「リスク／危険」概念を導入すれば、防災教育の多くは自然災害をリスクとみなす〈リスク社会〉に特有の実践（【防災教育@〈リスク社会〉】）であり、自然災害を危険とみなす〈危険社会〉に対する有効性は確かではないこと、よって、無条件な適用が、かえって防災教育の不全を引き起こす可能性を指摘できる。このことをネパールでの防災教育実践事例やインタビューに基づく防災に対する姿勢から考察した。その上で「仕掛学」に理論的アイデアを借りて〈危険社会〉にも通用する【防災教育@〈危険社会〉】を提案するとともに、【防災教育@〈危険社会〉】の倫理的課題についても言及した。, Previous studies have suggested that international support of disaster education should be implemented by taking the social, economic, and cultural differences into consideration, between the supporting and supported countries. This discussion stands on the assumption that the practice of disaster education itself can be applied to any kind of society. However, applying the Luhmann’s concept of “risk” and “danger” to disaster education, because a standard procedure of conventional disaster educational practice has developed mainly in the modern “risk society,” it might cause miscommunication in traditional society or “danger society” in the paper, when it is applied without any careful modifications. The first author of this paper and international NGOs, with the background of “risk society,” implemented disaster education in Nepal, a “danger society,” but, we faced some major difficulties. In order to bridge the gap of two types of societies and to make the disaster education applicable in a “danger society”, we introduced the idea of Shikakeology, which makes better use of an external, environmental trigger for behavioral change, rather than people’s internal state of mind. The study found that disaster education based on the concept of Shikakeology works better in a “danger society,” rather than conventional methods of disaster education, developed in a “risk society.” The potential ethical issues of disaster education with Shikakeology is also discussed.

本稿は中西部アフリカ地域から研修員を日本に招聘して行われた幼児教育研修の成果と課題について報告した。論文は，幼児教育研修が設定した目標の達成度を検証し，国際協力における日本の幼児教育の潜在的強みについての示唆を探り，そして研修成果を向上させるための方策について提言した。異なる文化や社会経済的背景の中での理論や実践から好事例を見極めることは決して簡単なことではないが，研修員は３週間という限られた期間の中，熱心に知識やスキルを習得した。「遊びを通した学び」や「発達の個人差への配慮」，また「手作りの文化」は研修員から好事例として着目されており，日本の持つ潜在的な強みと示唆される。アンケート結果からは，研修の成果として一定の達成度が示される一方，研修員が求める様々なニーズも明らかになった。それらの声にどう応えていくかは今後の課題であり，分析結果から提言を行った。, This paper is to report the accomplishments and challenges of the international training program on early child education that invited trainees from the Central and East Africa to Japan. The paper examined the outcomes of program objectives, explored the implications of potentials of Japanese practice in the field of international cooperation, and suggested the plans to improve the results of the program. It was not so easy to identify good practices form theory and practice in the different cultural and socioeconomic context, however, trainees learned knowledge and skills with enthusiasm for the limited three-week term. They had eyes on “learning through playing”, “consideration on individual difference of the mental and physical development”, and “handmade culture.” Those factors are implied as possible Japanese comparative strength. While the questionnaire results showed a certain achievement of the program, various latent needs of trainees were also revealed. Based on the results of the analysis, the paper tried to present the solution on how to answer to those demands in the program.

This paper discusses Japan’s international cooperation in the area of support for the elderly persons, mainly focuses on “Project on Long-term care service development for the frail elderly and other vulnerable people” implemented in Thailand from 2013 to 2017. Firstly, it is predicted that the knowledge and experience of Japan in the area of support for the elderly persons will spread to various countries. Secondly, it is sometimes difficult to apply Japanese system to foreign countries without change. Therefore, Japanese system should be reviewed from the viewpoint of applying it to the situation of foreign countries.

タイ国における衛星放送を用いた日本語教育について記述した。衛星放送の地方サイトでの利用促進のためには，どのような手立てが必要か，また地方サイトにおける学習支援をすすめるには，どういう手段が必要かについて論じた。さらに学習支援を進める手立ての一つとしてのシニアボランティアの派遣は，実際にどのような効果が期待されるのかについて述べた。これらのボランティア活動とこれからのわが国のシニア世代の生きがいとの関係，さらには国際協力への寄与について述べ，当該企画の実施を継続するために今後解決すべきいくつかの課題について論じた。, Long distance education with the use of televised program via communication satellite has been performed in Thailand since 1995. The key station of the televised program is the Wang Klaikanwong School which is located in Hua Hin, about 240 kilometers south of Bangkok. At this school Japanese education program has been performed by the cooperation of Thai teacher and Japanese volunteer teachers. The education program from Hua Hin can be received everywhere in Thailand and around area by the ordinary TV set. However we consider that the Japanese education is not well supported in the rural parts in this country at the present time. Therefore in order to assist the education program in the rural parts, the dispatch of a senior volunteer who works as a Japanese language teacher has been tried during the last two academic years (from 2006 to 2007, and from 2007 to 2008). The schools which stayed the dispatched volunteer were four Rajaprajanugroh Schools. Two of them are located in the Northern Thailand, Pai and Mae Ai, and the rest are North-east Thailand, Nong Khai and Si Saket. These Rajaprajanugroh Schools usually use the televised programs broadcasted from Wang Klaikanwong School. We hope that the dispatch of the senior volunteer teacher will take an important roll to the mutual understandings for both Japanese and Thai persons. It is strongly insisted in the present paper that the arrangement of the support system for the volunteer teacher and senior volunteer is necessary and urgent problem for the success of the dispatch program and distance education in Thailand., 教育メディア研究, 15(1), pp.79-89; 2008

Free-space quantum cryptography is expected to be a first space application employing quantum technology in the near future because of the suitability for the long distance transmission of photons. European Space Agency (ESA) plans to demonstrate a quantum key distribution experiment onboard the ESA's Columbus module in the International Space Station (ISS) called Space-QUEST. The quantum key distribution employing entangled photons will be demonstrated using three optical ground stations in Europe. Therefore, there is a possibility for Japan to join it as one of the optical ground stations for the global quantum key distribution. NICT (National Institute of Information and Communication Technology) has started a feasibility study on the quantum cryptography for space communications. In this paper, the current status of research and development for space quantum cryptography communications in NICT is presented., 資料番号: AA0063349045

The activity of the working group on 'Hydrothermal Wave Instability and Interfacial Heat Transfer' is reported in this paper. The goal of this working group is to embody a Japan-Europe joint space experiment on this subject. The outline of the space experiment agreed in the ESA-JAXA joint meeting held at ESTEC in Holland in October 2006, is described here., 資料番号: AA0063349025

タイ国フアヒンは幼稚園から大学までを擁する学園町である。この地には――タイ国の中等教育を改善するために、スタジオを兼ねた教室の授業をテレビ撮影し、ミキシング編集後、衛星を介してタイ国全土に配信、これを地方の受信校で受信利用することにより、高品質の教育を維持するという目的ではじめられた――発信校（モデル校）と放送技術分野を担当する遠隔教育テレビジョンステーションが設けられている。現在衛星放送を用いたプロジェクトは幼稚園から大学、さらには社会教育分野にまで広がっている。 一方、パプアニューギニアは学校制度の再構築を含めた教育改革を1994 年から本格化した。この結果、幼稚園１年間を含め３年間の準備学校、６年間の初等学校、４年間の中等学校、４年間の大学となった。これによって政府は国民に対して幼稚園を含め９年間の教育を保証し、コミュニティーに根ざした準備学校の充実、英語による初等学校での授業実施、中等学校への進学率の向上をめざしているが、必ずしも所期の目的を果たしていない。またこの改革に伴い初等学校高学年と中等学校教員が質・量とも大幅に不足している。さらに改革による教育レベルの向上にも困難がある。パプアニューギニアは山岳地帯が多く、交通事情は極めて悪い。これらの事情を考慮した結果、この国での教育困難を解決するため首都地域にモデル校を選び、ここでの授業をテレビカメラで撮影、大まかな編集の後テレビ放送配信し、放送された教育番組を受信校の授業に用いようとするパイロットプロジェクトが2002 年からＳＯＮＹ－ＪＩＣＡ開発パートナー事業のもとに、ポートモレスビーの教育メディアセンターを基地として始められた。このプロジェクトはタイ国フアヒンの衛星プロジェクトをモデルとしたものである。本パイロットプロジェクトを円滑に進めるためには、これに協力するスタッフの技術習得とレベルアップが先決であり、このためセンターの技術者、管理者、及びモデル校の教員をフアヒンに派遣、研修を実施した。ここに企画した新しいタイプの第３国研修はわが国にない技術、ないしはわが国よりもある意味進んだ部分で技術研修を企画する場合に有用であろう。ここではこの種の第３国研修を企画する際に注意すべき点、研究計画の作成、期待される成果、研修内容、研修時の課題についてまとめた。, We have performed a new type of the third nation technical training in Thailand in February, 2004. Trainees are the Papua New Guineans and the trainers and lecturers are the persons both from Japanese and Thai sides. Major field of training is focused on the distance education with the use of televised communications. The Distance Learning TeleVision Station which is located in Hua Hin, under His Majesty the Kings project, has a lot of useful and valuable techniques as well as much know-how in this field. In Hua Hin there are several schools in which lectures in the class room are televised. From Hua Hin therefore the educational programs from the kindergarten to university levels are sent to all over Thailand through satellite technology. Papua New Guinea (PNG), on the other hand, has a lot of difficulties in education with the shortage of social infrastructures and geographical reasons.In order to solve the problems this nation started the curriculum reformation in 1994 already. To help the reformation and to solve the educational difficulties in this country the pilot project with the use of TV programs had started in 2002 with the aides of SONY-JICA Partner project. The Hua Hin’s satellite project in Thailand is the model of this pilot project held in PNG. In order to perform the project in PNG it was necessary to train the technical persons, the management persons, and teachers who worked together in PNG. Present author had arranged the training program and performed the operation, under the deep and kind help of Thai side especially with the Distance Learning Foundation in Bangkok. The difficulties during the training and operation for the training are also summarized in this paper.

P(論文), The United Nations has developed various plans that aim to protect the rights and securityof persons with disabilities thoughout the world. Because of the United Nations' leadership,each developed country has contributed support to the field of rehabilitation in developingcountries in Asia. However, the problems persons with disabilities face haven't changed much in thosecountries. They regularly endure prejudice, ignorance and poverty, overshadowing the problemsinherent in their restricted abilities. These basic needs-food, shelter, and their relationshipwith society-are their primary concern. There are differences in the definition of what constitutes the phrase "persons withdisabilities" and what assistance is needed in each country. The purpose of this paper is to examine the situation of persons with disabilities in Asiain order to make assistance more effective.

application/pdf, 中等農業教育を、初等教育と高等教育の中間に位置する農業教育と定義し、同教育分野における青年海外協力隊員の派遣実績を平成3年度1次隊から平成13年2次隊にわたり調査した。中等農業教育に携わる可能性のある派遣を検索した結果204件が選択され、中・高校生と短期大学生を対象とする派遣が80.4%を占めた。調査期間中では中南米へ49.5％、アフリカへ17.2%、大洋州へ16.2%、アジアへ15.7％の隊員が派遣された。職種別では全地域において野菜隊員が最多で、家畜飼育隊員が続いた。家畜飼育隊員の派遣数は、派遣総数では野菜隊員の3分の1程度である一方で、中等農業教育分野においては野菜隊員の派遣数の約半数に及び、家畜飼育隊員が中等農業教育に携わる割合が比較的大きかった。調査結果に基づき、国際協力における中等農業教育分野の役割などについて考察した。, The secondary agricultural education was defined as “agricultural vocational training” situated between the primary and tertiary educational level. In this paper, the dispatch outcome of Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers (JOCVs) in the filed of the secondary agricultural education was examined from the time of the first batch in 1991 till the second batch of 2001. Two hundred and four cases were selected as ones possibly related to the secondary agricultural education. The majority (80.4%) was posted to the junior high school, high school and junior college. The half (49.5%) was dispatched to the Middle/South America, followed by Africa (17.2%), Oceania (16.2%) and Asia (15.7%). At any continent, dispatch proportions were the highest in vegetable production, followed by animal husbandry. Although a number of cases in animal husbandry was one third of its vegetable production, proportions became almost the half in the field of secondary agricultural education. It is considered that animal husbandry could play an important role in such an education level. Based on these results, effective roles of secondary agricultural education in international cooperation were discussed.

application/pdf, わが国のこれからの国際協力のあり方について述べた。ここで、社会の調和的発展のためには、国際協力が必要であるとした。高度情報化社会における情報通信技術の役割について述べた。いかなる国・地域においても適切な社会開発のための基礎として、全ての住民に対する基礎教育の充実が最も重要であるとし、新しい情報通信技術を使うことによって、基礎教育を実施し、ないしは従来の方法による教育を補完することが十分可能であるとした。また高等教育機関、特にわが国の大学が国際協力の分野で果たすべき役割とその可能性について述べた。さらに国際協力を行い、国際貢献に資するに必要な人材の重要性と人材開発の方法について述べた。また専門家としての人材の要件、これら人材に関するデータを合理的に集め、利用できる人材データベースの構築の必要性とこれの運用についてもごく簡単に記述した。, This paper describes how Japan can contribute to the development of the basic education of a certain country under the name of an international cooperation. To complete the education is the most important thing to develop the country. However there are a large number of countries and regions where necessary and enough educations have not been performed. Modern information and communication technologies help such difficulties in education in the places where there are shortage of social infrastructures. International cooperation in the filed of education is especially necessary in these regions. Higher education institutions, such as universities, will contribute to solve the difficulty for basic education. Universities in Japan can join for these international activities. In order to process the international cooperation smoothly, the database of the human resources, so called experts will be established as soon as possible. Senior persons who retired from their jobs will play an important role in these human resources., text, 日本教育工学会研究会「国際交流と教育工学」 平成17年1月22日(土)於長崎大学, 日本教育工学会研究報告集. 2005, 5(1), p.1-8

The activity of the working group on 'Hydrothermal Wave Instability and Interfacial Heat Transfer' is reported in this paper. Some recent results obtained from ground experiments are presented to show the remarkable effect of interfacial heat transfer on hydrothermal wave instability. The outline of a proposal for space experiment made from Japan-Europe collaboration is mentioned., 資料番号: AA0063706029

Two projects are introduced in this paper to verify the performance of space tether technology. A sounding rocket will be launched in the summer of 2009 to deploy a bare electro-dynamic tape tether having a length of 300 m. The other project to verify the space tether technology is a small satellite to deploy a bare 25 km electro-dynamic tape tether, and the launch is expected in 2013 with employing a new solid motor rocket. These verifications of tether technology will lead to a large numbers of applications of space tether technology and some future projects are also introduced., 資料番号: AA0063706026

The purpose of this paper is to examine the educational outcomes of the course “International Development through Sport,” which is still rare in Japan, in order to consider the significance of studying “Sport for Development and Peace (SDP)” at universities. Questionnaire surveys were conducted in the first class (before) and the last class (after) of this course offered at Hiroshima Bunka Gakuen University in FY2022. Specifically, we obtained quantitative data using six factors related to foreign orientation and qualitative data to verify the acquisition of basic knowledge about SDP. In the quantitative data analysis, only two factors, “patriotism” and“nationalism,” showed significantly lower values at the after, but the effect size r was lower.Thus, we examined the reasons for this with the qualitative data, and found that the nature of the course, which dealt mainly with social issues in developing countries, may have fostered an uneasiness toward foreign countries. On the other hand, as a result of the analysis of the qualitative data, students have learned basic knowledge about SDP.

今日,途上国人口の20～30%は近代部門に属し都市部に住んで近代的な生活を享受している。しかし,他の70～80%は農村部において伝統的な生活を営み,その中の多くの人々が貧困と飢餓と隣り合った生活を強いられている。開発の最大の課題はこの大半の人口を擁する農業と農村社会の開発にあるということができる。本稿は途上国に焦点を絞った農業・農村開発協力に活用できる普及論について,これまでの筆者の研究蓄積を中心に纏めたものである。研究の順序と内容は次のとおりである。まず,人口増加に伴う開発協力の必要性について概観した後,これまで筆者が途上国において実施した調査結果をもとに,農業・農村・農民の実態を把握する。次に,途上国農民の人的環境と農業経営上の問題点を明らかにする。その後,発展段階と普及の関係を明らかにし,各発展段階において,農業・農村開発のために必要とされる技術と,普及スタッフが具備すべき条件について検討する。以上の検討結果をもとに,終章において,途上国の農業・農村開発に向けた効果的で客観性のある農業普及制度の評価法の開発について検討し,その結果を一つの評価法として提案し結論としている。, Currently, 20 to 30 percent of the population of developing countries comes under the modern sector ; lives in the city, enjoys modern life. However, traditional life is obvious in rural areas, and with this life around 70 to 80 percent of the population are on the verge of poverty and hunger has been a common experience in these areas. From these realities we can say that the biggest challenge for development is the development of agriculture and rural society which has the greater share of the population of the world.This paper focuses on the extension approaches that can be used for agriculture and rural development needed in developing countries, based on the author's current research on how to solve various problems in rural areas.First of all, the author takes a general view of the necessity of development cooperation according to the population increase. Then, the agriculture of developing countries, the farmer, and the realities of the farm village are discussed based on the result of surveys executed in developing countries. Social environment of farmer and managerial problems, the relation between the stage of development and extension are explained, and the technological necessities of extension staff in each stage are examined.In the closing chapter, based on these results, the development of an effective and objective evaluation method of agricultural extension system that is expected to help the development of agriculture and rural society is examined. In conclusion, the author presents the result as one evaluation method in accordance with these examinations.