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In order to provide reference for the institutional construction of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, from a methodological perspective, this paper analyzed the new institutional construction needs for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, and the contradiction of the overall requirements of basin governance between fragmented management in reality. On the premise of adhering to ecological priority and green development, and implementing tailored and classified policies, the above issues could be solved by finding the smallest tool unit that covered both ecological protection and high-quality development. Green credit is the minimum common multiple between ecological protection and high-quality development. Establishing a green credit system through laws, regulations and policy regulations is a necessary foundation and logical starting point for basin collaborative governance. Yellow River Conservancy Commission and the nine provinces (regions) in the Yellow River Basin can, in accordance with higher-level laws and relevant policies such as the Yellow River Protection Law, promptly introduce operational norms applicable to the basin and region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]