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Focuses on the views of British economists on the significance of Australian gold discoveries in 1851, in conjunction with their assessment of the overall value of the colonies. How information about the gold flowed from Australia to Britain; Discussion about the probable effects of the discoveries; Immediate reaction of most economies to the discoveries.

In this paper an attempt is made, first, to study consumer behaviour in the United Kingdom and in Australia for the period 1956-66 by exploiting the concept of want independence [9] or directly additive preferences [4] for a complete model of linear expenditure relations [10]. A welfare indicator and a cost-of-living index are then developed using Frisch's money flexibility linking income and price elasticities and the strongly separable utility function of the Stone-Geary type [3]. Finally, the analysis of covariance is applied to examine the possibility of homogeneous demand patterns between the United Kingdom and Australia. The extent of market homogeneity or heterogeneity will be further analysed in the light of individual commodities grouped in strict accordance with the notion of neutral want association [9]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the accounting methods proposed in the book Securities and Obscurities and the suitability of the book for the study of accounting. It relates principally to the features of the accounting of particular companies and to what has happened as a consequence of the accounting of particular companies. It relates to companies in Australia, Great Britain and the U.S. The book proposes the method of direct observation as a method of inquiry. The inquiries founded on the belief that the test of any actual form, and the grounds for any proposed form, of accounting lie in those observable events of the commercial, financial and professional communities which are in the nature of reactions or responses to, and consequences of, particular accounting practices.

Cross-section surveys of public opinion are now being conducted continuously in five countries-the U.S., Great Britain, Canada, Australia and Sweden. Through these surveys it has become possible for the first time to measure and to report the views of the common man on the same issue at the same time in five nations of the globe with a combined population of nearly 200,000,000. Sampling surveys as a means of systematically discovering public opinion make no claim to perfection or infallibility. But through their development it has become possible to chart the main trends of public opinion in the five nations and to study the impact of war events on public thinking. The American Institute, oldest of the five, has been measuring and reporting American opinion for seven years. It receives its entire financial support from more than one hundred daily newspapers, of all shades of political belief.

The article presents a discussion on a study about zonation between tide-marks on rocky coasts in various regions and areas including England, Scotland, the Indian Ocean and the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. Plants and animals also live in these zones between tide-marks. On the British coasts, there were three possible types of zonation observed, namely the littorina zone, the balanoid zone and the laminarian zone. Plants and animals found in these zones include small snails, lichens, barnacles and brown algae.

The article presents a discussion on the vegetation of grass verges and explores the grass habitats which are regarded as excessively trodden places. It is implied that a considerable degree of similarity exist between the vegetation of the trampled grass verge found on highways and that of the grassy footpath or the sheep track situated whether on lowlands or at high elevation. The article is supplemented with details regarding the botanical composition of the plant communities, ecological distribution, climatic and edaphic backgrounds, and observations drawn from investigating samples coming from Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand.

Discusses marketing of footwear in the 19th century, focusing on the company C. & J. Clark Ltd., in light of records dating back to 1825. The general development of the ready-made footwear industry in Great Britain; Background on the founding of C. & J. Clark; The marketing policy of the firm, including product differentiation and quality; The introduction of a range of fittings and sizes for shoes; The company's contribution to style; Brand management; Bulk production of standardized goods; Exports and distribution failures; The consignment trade; The reason C. & J. Clark started a wholesale business; The use of direct selling by a traveller; Difficulties with the Australian trade.