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Globalization is a term currently used in the world today, but its precise meaning is not always clearly defined. This paper is trying to explore the type of globalization Romania is going through. It discusses its international impact on the development of higher education in "Valahia" University of Targoviste with practical examples that illustrate the main points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a challenging task to review the research carried out by Professor Sargan which has covered such a broad range of areas and which offers general and unifying approaches to tackling problems and to obtaining results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities face problems that are complex and dynamic, which makes strategic planning particularly difficult. Traditional planning approaches in universities could be improved using systems approaches. In this paper, we present systems maps and insights from a series of participatory systems mapping sessions in a higher education institution. More specifically, we discuss key issues of faculty performance and morale. We look at how innovation attempts for improving quality and efficiency of education affect faculty morale. Then we explain unintended consequences of faculty hiring decisions. Finally, we discuss the issue of faculty salary inequity and how it may lead to performance and financial problems. We believe these maps will be of value to higher education administrators seeking to support faculty success and looking for ways to enhance their strategic planning process. Our study encourages a wider application of systems approaches as planning tools for higher education. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the author's experiences on the study of economics. As a 4th year undergraduate student at the University of Caen, the author have conducted the research, "Systèmes et structures." His teacher, Alain Cotta was responsible for the French course in the university. In comparison, the French book "Microéconomie," by Abraham and Thomas was more mathematical compared with the work of Cotta.

The paper discusses the impact of developing a consciousness-raising approach in error correction at the sentence level to improve students' proofreading ability. Learners of English in a foreign language environment often rely on translation as a composing tool and while this may act as a scaffold and provide some support, it frequently leads to predictable and persistent errors. Such fossilization can cause inaccuracies that detract from student composition and that require instruction and repeated practice in order to eradicate the errors. The current paper reports on an experiment in consciousness-raising about specific categories of errors with a group of 30 students in the Faculty of Education in Zayed University, Dubai during the spring semester 2014. Post-test results compared with those on a pre-test indicate a significant improvement in students' performance as a result of structured input (specially prepared grammar materials) and focused instruction (teaching that focuses on each specific grammar point identified as problematic). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to consider the career changing roles of university professors. Design/methodology/approach - Poetic exposition. Findings - Observes the common trend of research and teaching professors to become elevated to university management positions, thereby abandoning their teaching and research roles. Research limitations/implications - Implies the loss of scholarly potential and productivity to managerialism in the university sector and calls for the recovery of a cadre of professorial researchers. Originality/value - Critiques the increasingly administrative role of senior university academics in the world of increasingly corporatised universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

University promotion and tenure committees use sponsored research to judge a faculty member’s contribution to a discipline’s body of knowledge. Sponsored research is usually a crucial indicator in making promotion and tenure decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research had a twofold objective: First, to determine the hindrances with which faculty in the foreign languages field, at a public state university in the south east of Mexico, have to deal to conduct research, as well as their motivation to do research. Secondly, to determine the effects of both (hindrances and motivation) on faculty's productivity. Using a case study design, research papers published by the faculty between 2000 and 2011 were analyzed, and interviews were conducted. The results show that the productivity level is moderate, and the products with a better quality are done by professors holding a Ph D. degree. Although faculty who hold only a Master's degree claimed that research brings benefits to their teaching practice, their research products are only a few and circulated mainly as conference reports. The personal difficulties that account for this situation are the lack of research training and of extrinsic motivation. Nevertheless, the prevailing ones are those related with the institution's support, which is reflected on very little time allotted to do research, teaching academic subjects variation; poor administrative support, inadequate facilities, poor access to specialized databases and the inexistence of a mentoring program. These results have effects on the faculty development to conduct research in the field of foreign languages in this institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of the paper is to elaborate recommendations on academic staff workload schemes, ensuring fair workload allocation, efficient use of academic personnel resources and promotion of professional development of academic staff. The regulation of the academic workload has become a key management issue for quality assurance departments of Higher Education Institutions because it is one of the main regulatory mechanisms for educational quality enhancement. The quantitative survey of academic workload schemes for 2011 year in 19 public Georgian Higher Education Institutions has been carried out. The data about the components of the faculty work - Teaching, Research, and Service was analysed and summarized in the form of charts, tables, percentages and averages, showing the general principle of distribution of time between these components of the workload at the institutions. The analysis revealed a number of inequities, discrepancies and problems. On the basis of survey findings the relevant conclusions were made and recommendations for overcoming the existing problems of inequity in academic staff workload allocation and distribution were prepared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last years the University has evolved from an institution which focused on the study of different natural and social phenomena to becoming the focus of research. This paper shows part of the results of a research on the effects of social changes in the work and professional life of university teachers. The professional life history has been the strategy chosen to approach the changes in the lives of teachers and researchers. As a result of studying and comparing 24 life histories, there appears a group of different topics which have different meanings for the participants in this research. Their analyses show there is an increase in stress and pressure on teachers who are forced to carry out three completely different activities: teaching, researching and having managerial positions. This text presents the situations teachers have to face in a working context which is becoming more and more demanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the outcomes of a study, undertaken from a phenomenographic perspective, of university academics’ experiences of their own growth and development, i.e., what it means to them, what they are trying to achieve, how they go about it, why they do things that way ... The outcomes presented are based on a series of interviews with teaching and research academics at a research intensive university. The group as a whole showed a range of views of academic development, representing in particular a varying focus on: Implications for our understanding of academic development and academic work are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Detroit Area Study (DAS) has served for 25 years as one model of how a sociology faculty can combine productive research and graduate training within a single small unit. This paper outlines the current structure and costs of DAS, describes its math advantages and limitations, and suggests several ways in which other universities might develop units that are similar but not identical to DAS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article features John F. MacGregor, one of the few people to have the title University Professor. He graduated with a degree in chemical engineering from McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario. For three years, he worked for Monsanto Co. in Texas. His career as a professor started in the department of chemical engineering at McMaster University in 1972 and he served as department chair from 1988 to 1991. He has contributed to research in various fields including system identification, statistical quality control and polymer reaction engineering.

Background The decline of health among university students represents an important and growing public health concern. Health problems and unhealthy lifestyle habits are common among many students, but factors influencing students' health are not fully understood. Methods Italian university students from different study programs and curriculum years were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire, collecting data about age, gender, curriculum year, study program and health-related quality of life (QOL). Two latent factors were extracted: physical component summary score and mental component summary score. T -test, one-way ANOVA, multivariate and age and sex-stratified analyses were performed. Results Students scored relatively poor on health-related QOL, with an overall mental component summary score of 41,3% (± 10,0) and physical component summary score of 52,9% (±6,0), with significantly higher mental component summary score for male students (P = < 0,005). Studying economics, law (b = −2,513, P = 0,007) or engineering (b = −2,762; P = 0,001) was associated to negatively influence students' health. Conclusions Factors such as study program are associated with health-related QOL. Further longitudinal studies assessing additional socio-demographic factors are needed to fully assess what influences students' health. Students' health should be at the top of the agenda of public health researchers, academic supervisors and policy-makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on decline in the number of college students electing careers in science, and the idea that the success of small colleges in maintaining science enrollments reflects the involvement of undergraduate students in faculty research projects. View that the primary benefit in undergraduate research lies in the relationship between a student researcher and a faculty member; Way that research experience provides students with concrete knowledge and skills, as well as an opportunity to mature emotionally; Observation that as students become more experienced, they can begin to design individual aspects of the project and conduct research with more independence.

The mounting burden of non-communicable disease in lower-to-middle income countries was recognized two decades ago by the World Health Organization who reported that in 2012, that non-communicable diseases were responsible for 71% of total deaths in Thailand. Thus, the goal of our ongoing NIH D43 training grant is to increase the quantity and quality of non-communicable diseases research in Thailand by producing nurse scientists with the capacity to design, implement, guide, and evaluate cutting-edge research projects. The three components of the program are 1) a long-term component to train 10 Thai postdoctoral scholars that includes one year of intensive mentored research training in the US and one year implementing a research project back in Thailand; 2) a short-term component that provides an opportunity for Thai scientists, teachers, administrators and policy makers to take classes in areas relevant to non-communicable diseases; 3) a yearly two-day workshop to be held in different regions of Thailand. To date, 8 long-term trainees have completed various stages of their training. Eleven short-term trainees have taken courses at the University of Michigan. Two non-communicable diseases workshops have been held so far under the auspices of the grant with a third planned for 2018. The ability to participate in the in-depth activities provided by the grant have not only expanded knowledge around non-communicable diseases, but also has enabled US and Thai investigators to grow in the area of culturally informed research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on developments in the scientific research in Southern Africa during the year 1506-1906. In the year 1606, the prominent publisher and map engraver, Jodocus Hondius of Amsterdam acquired the copper plates of the Mercator Atlas and republished its maps with another 37 of his own. During the year 1706, Caspar Commelin, Dutch physician and botanist of the Hortus Medicus in Amsterdam, was in addition appointed professor of botany at the Athenaeum Illustra. In the year 1906, Transvaal Technical Institute in Johannesburg changed its name to the Transvaal University College, following the increase in its scope by the addition of departments of arts and pure science to its existing training in mining and technology. It is informed that in December 1905, the acting Lieutenant-Governor of Transvaal appointed a commission to report upon the law relating to weights and measures.

This article presents information related to The Faculty of Business Administration of National university of Singapore that offers the Master of Science (MSc) and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) programmes for qualified local and international research students who want to upgrade their training in business administration, with a special focus on the business environment within the dynamic Asia Pacific region. In addition, to ensure that candidates have the necessary depth of preparation for academic research and teaching in their proposed area of specialization, they may be required to register for advanced readings, up to two such courses for MSc and four for PhD candidates.

George W. Comstock (1915–2007), MD, MPH, DrPH, was lecturer and then professor of epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health from 1956 to 2007 and served as editor-in-chief of the American Journal of Epidemiology from 1979 to 1988. This interview of George W. Comstock took place in Hagerstown, Maryland, in the spring of 1990. The selection of questions and answers published here represent approximately 10% of the whole interview, which had been reviewed and hand-corrected by Dr. Comstock. He first describes how epidemiology was taught at Hopkins in the 1950s and 1960s. He then distinguishes “epidemiology per se” from a “practical epidemiology” that works closely with local health departments, and he finally expresses his wish that in the future, epidemiology would become more widely involved in policy and accepted by policy makers. Photo of George, Margaret, and Gordon Comstock taken during World War II, most likely in 1944, while Dr Comstock was serving as Medical Officer in an Escort Destroyer Division. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article provides information on the faculty-mentored genuine research experiences for freshmen at the University of Pittsburgh. The undergraduate research experiences are explored to add details. The establishment of the Office of Experiential Learning (OEL) which supports faculty undertaking is tackled. Student retention efforts that are in line with the OEL program are discussed. It is stated that the OEL is a program considered as a non-departmental First Experiences in Research (FE-R) course aiming at strengthening students' involvement in research.

The article provides information on the Scholastic Enhancement Program (SEP) of Miami University. It discusses the university's Undergraduate Research Option (URO) under the said program to add details. It is stated that the SEP is aiming at increasing retention and features a living-learning community for freshmen who prefer to live together and do research with faculty sponsors. It is noted that the university's program is committed to increasing students' involvement in research. The elements of student as scholar and self-authorship in research are also tackled.

This article presents an analysis of case study data from a project evaluating Personal Development Planning (PDP) at a large post‐1992 university in England. The study was undertaken as part of a strategy of encouraging schools to build on existing experience while at the same time ensuring consistency with new national guidelines for the implementation of PDP across the whole sector. The aim of the research was to understand the models already available for supporting and developing PDP, and the views of different stakeholders about the place of PDP in the curriculum. The research was designed to engage with teacher beliefs in order to provide models of practice that could inform innovation. The study was based on interviews with staff and data were analysed on the basis of clusters of features to create models of different practices and approaches. Three ideal types of PDP emerged: professional, employment and academic. Each of the modes was associated with particular disciplinary domains, although none of them existed in pure form. The data suggest that pedagogic identities based on introjection and strong boundary maintenance displayed greater tension in relation to PDP than those areas already constructed on projection. UK moves towards PDP are part of an international trend. The great advantage of case study data, however, is that they allow insight into the dynamics of implementation at the local level and in this case the potential of generic initiatives based on projection to destabilise aspects of academic identity. New initiatives are more likely to succeed if they engage positively with teacher beliefs rather than being posed in contra‐distinction to them; the first step, however, is to understand and theorise them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the social implications of the privatization and commercialization of academic research at the local, national and global levels. Traditional definition of the public mission and faculty academic freedom of universities; Information on legal developments promoting privatization that affected traditional definitions of university mission and faculty rights; International consequences of the commercialization of academic research.

This research deals with the way an organization is perceived by its customers and, more specifically, how a particular organization--a "Teachers' Training College" is viewed by its "customers"--that is, the students studying in it. The study focused on collecting stories written by the students describing their daily lives in connection with their studies in the college. The stories were analyzed by means of four analytical methods: the structural method of LEVI-STRAUSS, PROP's formalistic method, LABOV and WALETSKY's analytic method, and the lexical method of analysis. It was found that the college emerges as a system suffering from a degree of ambiguity, principally with regards to rules, regulations and inter-relations, leading to contradictory expectations and conflicts. This ambiguity may be an outcome of the transition from a "small organization" culture to that of a "large organization," which ties in with the growth in the number and variety of activities that has taken place in the college in recent years, due to a process of academization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents several responses to the presidential address of Patricia Broadfoot. The 1987 British Educational Research Association Address was delivered in September at the Thirteenth Annual Conference. John Elliot, a professor of the University of East Anglia, comments that educationalists should have a pro-active role in determining policy priorities and help to implement them. David Raffe of the University of Edinburgh, suggest that the scientific culture must be protected for research to be useful even by the criteria of the commercial culture.

Comparison of the findings from a 1979 sample of faculty members of the honorific academies and a 1977 national survey of American professors indicates that the former are more liberal politically than the latter, including those at the most distinguished institutions. This result is in line with a body of theory which suggests that intellectual creativity is associated with critical social views, and with earlier research which found that scholarly status among faculty generally is correlated with liberal political orientations. The relationship inverts, however, for questions bearing on the self-interest of academic achievers both within and outside of the university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study was to compare systematically the multiple measures of research output, both objectively and subjectively, in order to identify those which are effective for evaluation of research professors. The study took place at the University of Missouri where a sample of 86 "hard" science professors pursuing funded research in 23 departments were evaluated. The major conclusion of this research is that effectiveness can be measured by a simple count of the number of publications in respectable journals. But because the researchers and their department chairmen do not, believe simple counts to be effective, this should be supplemented by weighting the publications with a journal quality index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim was to investigate the prevalence of health problems and work environment problems and how these are associated with subjective production loss among women and men at an academic workplace. An additional aim was to investigate whether there were differences between women and men according to age group, years at current workplace, academic rank or managerial position.Methods: A questionnaire was sent in 2011 to all employees at a Swedish university (n = 5144). Only researchers and teachers were included in the study (n = 3207). Spearman correlations were performed to investigate differences in health and work environment problems. Employees who reported having experienced work environment or health problems in the previous seven days (n = 1475) were included in the analyses in order to investigate differences in subjective production loss. This was done using Student's t-test, One-way Anova and generalized linear models.Results: The response rate was 63% (n = 2022). A total of 819 academic staff (40% of the population) reported experiencing either health problems, work environment problems or both during the previous seven days. The prevalence of health problems only or a combination of work environment and health problems was higher among women than men (p-value ˂0.05). This was especially the case for younger women, those in lower academic positions and those who had worked for fewer years at their current workplace. No difference was found for work environment problems. The majority of the employees who reported problems said that these problems affected their ability to perform at work (84-99%). The average production loss varied between 31 and 42% depending on the type of problem. Production loss due to health-related and work-environment related problems was highest among junior researchers and managers. No significant difference between men and women was found in the level of production loss.Conclusion: Subjective production loss in academia can be associated with health and work- environment problems. These losses appear similar for women and men even though younger female academics, women in lower academic ranks and those with fewer years of employment in their current workplace report a higher prevalence of health problems and combined work-environment and health problems than men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]