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Samuil Kaplan (1921–1978) was a productive and famous astrophysicist. He was affiliated with a number of scientific centers in different cities of former Soviet Union. The earliest 13 years of his career, namely in the 1948–1961 years, he worked in Lviv University in Ukraine (then it was called the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic). In the present paper, the Lviv period of his life and scientific activity is described on the basis of archival materials and his published studies. Kaplan arrived in Lviv in June 1948, at the same month when he obtained the degree of Candidate of science. He was a head of the astrophysics sector at the Astronomical Observatory of the University, was a professor of department for theoretical physics as well as the founder and head of a station for optical observations of artificial satellites of Earth. He was active in the organization of the astronomical observational site outside of the city. During the years in Lviv, Kaplan wrote more than 80 articles and 3 monographs in 9 areas. The focus of his interests at that time was on stability of circular orbits in the Schwarzschild field, on white dwarf theory, on space gas dynamics, and cosmic plasma physics, and turbulence, on acceleration of cosmic rays, on physics of interstellar medium, on physics and evolution of stars, on cosmology and gravitation, and on optical observations of Earth artificial satellites. Some of his results are fundamental for development of theory in these fields as well as of observational techniques. The complete bibliography of his works published during the Lviv period is presented. Respective scientific achievements of Samuil Kaplan are reviewed in the light of the current state of research in these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: the main purpose of this paper is to analyse the new infrastructure project in western Ukraine, show its main characteristics and to forecast how it will improve the socio-economic life of this region and how it will rise tourist flows in cross-border territories. Design/methodology/approach: The Small Carpathian Circle was chosen as it is the biggest infrastructure project in western Ukraine that covers three oblast (regions) of Ukraine and will have a cross-border impact. Literature sources, statistical information and estimates data used in this paper were gathered from various international and Ukrainian official sources and websites. Personal knowledge about Carpathian region was also used as the author comes from Lviv oblast of Ukraine. Findings: the outcome of this paper is that the Small Carpathian Circle has to be implemented in the nearest future in order to provide the efficient mobility in Carpathian region of Ukraine on the basis of sustainable development. The main reasons for its slow implementation in 2022 were highlighted. Originality/value: it is the first research paper about the Small Carpathian Circle, as it wasn’t analysed properly by scientists yet. It is addressed to a scientific circle, politicians, investors, international organisations and all people interested in Carpathian region development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Historiae Scientiarum is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyses a typescript “Rasy ludzkie i ich typy” (eng.: ‘Human Races and their Types’), by a polish arthistorian, professor Władysław Podlacha. This previously unknown text, found in the archives of Ossolineum, is a 13-page long presentation of a racist anthropological perspective on the typology of races, the racial composition of the European countries and regions and the “cultural areas” that particular racial types form. A bibliography attached to the manuscript cites works of the leading nazi scientist in the field. A detailed analysis of the manuscript shows that it was in fact composed of two publications: Prof. Hickmann’s Geographisch-Statistischer Universal-Atlas 1930/31 by Alois Fischer and Człowiek w czasie i przestrzeni (eng. Man in Time and Space) by Jan Czekanowski. The dating, motive and circumstances of the manuscript’s creation, as well as Podlacha’s personal views on the matter are the subjects of the present study. An overview of the methodological and theoretical bases of the polish mid-war anthropology shows that while the scientists of the time believed in the existence of racial differentiation and preoccupied themselves with its description and typology, they opposed a comparative valuation between the racial types. This fundamentally differed them from the nazi scholars – a difference of which the polish anthropologists of the time were perfectly aware. In contrast to this, the concepts which Podlacha refers to in his paper strike as unmistakably racist and nazi in origin. With the terminus ante quem being the year 1941 (as the year of the latest publication in Podlacha’s bibliography), the historical and biographical facts become another important aspect in explaining the manuscript’s character. Alongside the text analysis, they seem to strongly suggest that the paper was produced during the period of the nazi occupation of Lviv. At such time Podlacha could have prepared this typescript without necessarily sharing the views it described. Lastly, the present argument showcases Podlacha’s take on the racially defined predispositions to artistic creation present in his works. In the professor’s writings the notion of a “racial style” was legitimized by a long tradition in art-historical theory. At the same time Podlacha used this concept as a solely systematizing category. For him, the differentiation between the art of different races (which it suggests) was not a reason for valuation or comparison, but for highlighting the originality of particular artistic objects and currents. Thus the racist ideology in the manuscript “Rasy ludzkie i ich typy” was foreign to Władysław Podlacha personally, which once again suggests the war years for the dating of the text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Volodymyr Kulchytsky (Włodzimierz Kulczycki, 1852-1936) was a veterinarian, zoologist, prominent mammal anatomist, professor, pro-rector and rector of the Academy of Veterinary Medicine in Lviv. From 1882 to 1934 he worked at the Lviv Academy of Veterinary Medicine, first as an assistant, then as a lecturer, and from 1906 as a professor, head of the Department of Descriptive Anatomy, Topography, Histology and Embryology (later, after changes, the Department of Comparative Anatomy). He also worked as a veterinarian at the Lviv Horse Tram Society, as a city veterinarian and as a veterinarian for controlling cattle and meat on the Lviv railroads. Kulchytsky's scientific output comprises about 60 publications (brief research papers, studies and scientific articles, discussions, reviews, etc.) on topics ranging from zoology, mammal anatomy, and parasites of oriental carpets. A completely unknown part of Kulchytsky's scientific biography was the hippiatric research conducted on the morbidity of locomotive transport animals. The statistics he compiled included, first and foremost, a list of diseases of tramway horses, taking into account pathological conditions directly related to the type of work performed. The documentation makes it possible to indicate the relationship between the work performed (norms and dimension of work), the city's topography, the construction of the tramway infrastructure, and the morbidity of streetcar horses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Samuil Kaplan (1921-1978) was a productive and famous astrophysicist. He was affiliated with a number of scientific centers in different cities of the former Soviet Union. During the earliest 13 years of his career, namely in 1948-1961, he worked at the Lviv University in Ukraine. In the present paper, the Lviv period of his life and scientific activity is described on the basis of archival materials and his published studies. Kaplan arrived in Lviv in June 1948, the same month when he obtained the degree of the Candidate of Science. He was a head of the astrophysics sector at the Astronomical Observatory of the University, a professor of the department for theoretical physics, as well as the founder and head of a station for optical observations of artificial satellites of the Earth. He was active in the organization of an astronomical observatory outside the city. During the years in Lviv, Kaplan wrote more than 80 articles and 3 monographs in 9 areas. At that time, his focus was on the stability of circular orbits in the Schwarzschild field, on the white dwarf theory, on space gas dynamics, on cosmic plasma physics and turbulence, on the acceleration of cosmic rays, on the physics of interstellar medium, on the physics and evolution of stars, on cosmology and gravitation, and on the optical observations of the Earth's artificial satellites. Some of his findings are fundamental to the development of theory in those fields as well as of observational techniques. The paper presents a complete bibliography of Kaplan's works published during the Lviv period and reviews his respective scientific achievements in the light of the current state of research in those areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the situation of trilingualism of students at Lviv schools with Polish as the language of instruction. Earlier linguistic studies paid no attention to the individuals of non-Polish descent who attended such schools. Part one of this paper presents the profile of the examined group, which comprised, apart from persons of Polish descent, individuals of non-Polish descent, for whom Polish is a foreign language. The next part discusses the results of sociolinguistic surveys concerning the motivation for learning Polish and the level of command of the languages used by the respondents. It also presents preferences as regards the use of media and non-verbal communication. The final part describes the interviewees' attitude to the languages as well as to Poland and Ukraine. The studies were conducted using earlier research concepts regarding Polish-foreign language bilingualism by Ewa Lipińska, Władysław Miodunka, Marzena Błasiak, and Pavel Levchuk. In the description of the private-sphere language choice, William Mackey's method was applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Historiae Scientiarum is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The text describes a scientific event held in Lviv, Ukraine, dedicated to World Quantum Day. The event aimed to popularize quantum theory and its practical applications, with over 200 participants from various countries attending. The program included presentations, lectures, and panel discussions on quantum computing and programming. The event received positive feedback from students, scientists, and IT representatives. The text also includes two research papers discussing topics related to quantum metrology and photodetection techniques. It discusses the need for quantum computing in condensed matter physics and proposes alternative methods for describing strongly correlated quantum systems. The text also presents an analytical solution for maximally entangled states of four quantum dice, demonstrating the quantum advantage. It provides an introduction to quantum information theory, discussing quantum superposition, entanglement, and the potential of quantum computers. The text also discusses the existence of discrete spectrum points and bound states in weakly deformed waveguides, as well as the concept of quantum correlations and their importance in understanding quantum mechanics. It presents research on the transfer of entanglement and steering properties in linear chain systems and proposes a method for calculating the partition function of spin systems on quantum computers. The results of the quantum calculation are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper the initialization of the city is considered, which consists of several steps, including the creation of city objects with their locations, creation of residents with their attributes and own daily schedules, etc. A description of the model is provided as a tuple of attributes. The adequacy of the simulation model is checked based on the statistical data from the city of Lviv, Ukraine. Generated locations of city ecosystem objects are presented. The daily schedule of residents is simulated. A possible work schedule for each specialty is given, and separate schedules are created for working days and holidays. A unique schedule is predicted for the resident, which depends on their age and work specialty. The dynamics of visits to facilities by residents on weekdays and at weekends are analyzed. Based on the conducted experiments, the adequacy of the model and its realistic reflection of the functioning of the city's ecosystem during the day are proven. It means that by using this model, researchers can assess the impact of different behavioral scenarios on the residents within the city ecosystem more reliably. This enables a better understanding of how certain actions or changes in behavior can affect the spread and control of diseases in a specific geographic area. This model has the potential to serve as a foundation for future modeling of systems at the medium and macro scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kwartalnik Mlodych Muzykologów UJ is the property of Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego, Kolo Naukowe Studentow Muzykologii and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reports on using low-cost, energy-efficient magnetic measurements to study pollution in the Lviv agglomeration, a major industrial and cultural centre of Western Ukraine. Soil magnetic properties were measured in two areas and along one transect. 66 surface topsoil samples were collected in the grid surveyed (a depth of 0–5 cm) at Jewish Park, 33 samples—along the transect. 15 soil samples were taken randomly from an area of Lychakiv Park to identify the magnetic properties of natural soil in the study area. The highest values of magnetic susceptibility (χ) were recorded in soil samples collected near roads with heavy traffic and the railway embankment area (150–237 × 10–8 m3/kg); At a distance of about 20–25 m from the road the χ values were 45–80 × 10–8 m3/kg. In the green space zones of Jewish Park, the Vysokyi Zamok castle, and the Lychakiv Cemetery, χ values displayed a significant decrease (12–24 × 10–8 m3/kg). The thermomagnetic analyses demonstrated a global maximum at 128 K, close to the Verwey transition and the isotropic point of magnetite. The hysteresis parameters suggest the presence of coarse-grained pseudo-single domain (PSD) and multidomain grains (MD) in the samples. The obtained results could be valuable in determining hotspots and pollution levels in the Lviv area using magnetic measurements of soil, as well as further precision geochemical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the analysis of the state of the primary school teachers’ preparation for communicative-rhetorical activity at school, diagnostics of formation of communicative-rhetorical skills of future teachers. The theorists and practitioners give an important place to rhetoric as a science and an academic subject in the training teachers of the new generation. It is the communicative and rhetorical skills as an important component of the general and professional culture of the teacher that will help the primary school educator to organize the pedagogical process effectively, build convincing communication with children, their parents, colleagues, officials etc. However, in the theory and practice of pedagogical education and science the phenomenon of communicative-rhetorical competence as the most important component of the teacher's professional profile is not realized, its structure is not distinguished, psychological and pedagogical bases and, technology of its formation for students are not clearly defined, the world’s experience of rhetorical personality formation is studied. This was confirmed by the results of a survey conducted among undergraduate students, graduates of pedagogical faculties of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Kamyanets-Podilsky Ivan Ogienko National University, Drohobych State Pedagogical University of Ivan Franko, students of postgraduate pedagogical education Ivano-Frankivsk, Khmelnytsky, Lviv regions. Thus, most respondents consider their level of communication and rhetorical skills to be insufficient. More than 70% are afraid of the audience; 84% do not know how to speak “without paperˮ. All respondents, including teachers, regardless of work experience, called the main reason for the ineffectiveness of pedagogical communication the fact that during professional training they did not have well-formed communication and rhetorical skills. The obtained results convincingly prove the need for their purposeful formation in future primary school teachers. Optimal construction and implementation of the educational process for the formation of students’ communicative and rhetorical skills is possible with a technological approach, the essence of which is to modernize the didactic system based on the study of its components and experimental verification of its effectiveness, as well as the introduction of in general, the rhetoric of the initial process in the pedagogical institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The difficult economic situation in Ukraine today is the main motivating factor for studying problems and developing possible solutions. Since Ukraine is an agrarian country, in our research we justified the need to take into account risk factors in the agricultural sector by diagnosing the financial situation using models to assess the likely crisis and bankruptcy. The article highlights the advantages and disadvantages of using discriminant models developed by both foreign and domestic scientists. The main drawback is the maladaptation to the industry factor. The shortcomings of the diagnosis of financial state for agricultural enterprises are also identified. In order to develop measures to prevent bankruptcy, recommendations for improving the financial state of agricultural enterprises on the example of Lviv region cluster analysis was used. The article states that the need to diagnose the financial condition of the enterprise is systematic and requires a comprehensive assessment using various methods, techniques and methods of analysis, as it is one of the most important characteristics of the results of agricultural enterprises, which is determined by the interaction of all components of the financial relations of the enterprise, the totality of all production and economic factors. The combination of financial indicators and risk assessment, which have the greatest impact on the life of agricultural enterprises, thanks to a comprehensive approach will increase the accuracy of assessing the prospects of the financial state of agricultural enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Russian History & Historiography is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper is an introduction to studies of Urban Beautification Societies ("UBSs" in the plural) active in times of Galicia's autonomy (1867-1914). The Societies were community organisations set up in many cities and towns across Galicia from the 1880s onwards with a view to improve the aesthetic in public urban space. To Galicia, years of its autonomy yielded years of considerable expansion of civic freedoms, including the re-enacted right to association. Formed by individuals with university education, UBSs were popular throughout Galicia, their structure frequently reflecting the local cross-section and specificity of social strata. Established in large, medium-sized, and small cities and towns (such as Cracow and Lviv; Przemyśl; Wadowice and Wieliczka), they attempted to reach their goals chiefly through establishing urban parks and green squares (often as not with accompanying infrastructure, such as tennis courts or bowling alleys); planting trees in market and other public squares and along communication routes; developing aesthetically pleasing small architecture; and taking initiative to erect monuments and install commemorative plaques, usually commissioned with eminent artists. The latter - in large cities in particular, where art communities were large and powerful - were occasionally UBS co-organisers and members, and thus capable of considerable influence over any Society activities, potentially including publishing, graphic artists and painters especially prominent therein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ban on the activity of the Society of Jesus in the Russian Empire made some Jesuits come to Galicia. Ternopil became the first city in the archdiocese of Lviv in which the Jesuits founded a religious centre after the restoration of the Society and leaving the Russian Empire. In Ternopil, in accordance with Kaiser's decree, they began to engage in educational activities from 1820. In 1836 Lviv became the second Jesuit centre in the archdiocese of Lviv. After the revolution of 1848, the Society of Jesus was banned, but in 1852 it resumed its activity in these two cities. The article presents the main features of the order in the archdiocese of Lviv, and the specificity of its pastoral work in the region. The paper focuses on Ternopil and Lviv, because they were the two cities of the archdiocese where the Society was most active in the years 1852-1914. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Philosophiae Christianae is the property of Studia Philosophiae Christianae and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction/background: Nowadays realities of social life create the need for unified, fundamental mechanisms of forming the motivation of future managers for their comprehensive understanding of not only the economic processes, but also the peculiarities of human life. That’s why the particular importance becomes to improving the professional training of future managers in the context of forming their health-oriented management skills. Aim of the paper: To substantiate the neediness and features of formation the health-oriented management skills of students-future managers in Ukraine. Materials and methods: The research was conducted during 2020–2021. The study involved 345 persons from Lviv region (Ukraine): 320 persons aged from 25 to 55 years, who work in the organizations and 25 students of the third and fourth years of study, which are trained in the specialty “Management”). The following research methods were applied: theoretical analysis and synthesis of professional scientific literature, analysis of Internet resources, pedagogical observation, surveys (questionnaires). Results and conclusions: The research data indicate the neediness to change not only the structure, content, forms, and methods of the system of professional training of future managers for the formation of their competence in health-oriented management issues, but also to search the new, non-standard motivational factors. The educational system of training of future managers, which includes the mechanisms of formation their readiness for healthoriented management, should be specially structured and include certain motivational parts, components and indicators. Management which is based on a human-centred approach, focused on the fact that the highest value of the organization is not just human resources, but the health of each individual employee, we define as health-oriented management. Using of substantive theories of motivation for the training system in health-oriented management for the future management is a necessary condition for their successful future professional activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ukrainian women received military experience during the First and Second World Wars and in the contemporary Russian-Ukrainian War in services such as the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen (USS), the Ukrainian Galician Army (UGA), the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), the Soviet Army, and the Armed Forces of Ukraine (UAF). This paper analyzes the representations of Ukrainian women’s military experiences during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in museum exhibitions in Lviv (a city in Western Ukraine). The authors conclude that the experiences of women veterans of the First and Second World Wars frequently remain neglected, creating an incomplete picture of the past and continuing to shape representations of women’s roles in the current Russian-Ukrainian War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Comparison of the Polish and Ukrainian models of metropolis management • Delimitation of the Warsaw metropolis • Problems of the development of the Warsaw metropolis • Historical difficulties in the development of the Lviv metropolis [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A virtual conference titled "Cities and Memory in Eastern Europe" was held from October 27-29, 2021, under the auspices of the Polish Academy of Science and Muzeum Miasta Gdynia. The conference aimed to explore the existence and development of cultures of remembrance in Central and East-Central European cities from the late eighteenth century to the present day. The conference included presentations on the history of Lviv/Lwów, focusing on different time periods and aspects such as local memory politics, heritage preservation, and the reorganization of Polish spaces in the city. The conference provided valuable insights into the construction of collective memory and the challenges faced by these cities in preserving their cultural heritage. [Extracted from the article]

The rural tourism is a promising type of tourism in rural areas that increases the socio-economic level and wellbeing of the population. The entrepreneurial activity in villages provides an opportunity to expand employment, increase investment attractiveness and contribute to the improvement of rural infrastructure. Based on the analysis of data for the period 2012-2020, the forecast trends in the number of rural tourism farmsteads and their visitors in Lviv region are presented using trend analysis and the FORECAST.ETS.STAT function for the period 2021-2025. The Russian military aggression against Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affect the activities and prospects for the development of rural tourism in the country. Having built logarithmic, linear, exponential, power and polynomial trend models, the probable indicators for the specified period were forecasted. The current state and trends of rural tourism development during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the context of Russia's military aggression in Eastern Ukraine are considered. The formation and sale of quality products and services in the field of rural tourism involve providing a favorable environment and improving the quality of functioning of rural tourism estates. The development of rural tourism depends on the desires and demands of tourists, which form the demand in this area, which in turn creates supply in the market of tourist services and further development of business activities in the field of services in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic principles of the need to develop a methodology for determining the level of protection of the rescuer’s head during search and rescue operations in mountainous areas under conditions of low temperatures have been substantiated in this paper. The shortcomings of the existing system for ensuring the safe mode of search and rescue operations of rescuers in mountainous areas at low temperatures have been identified. Based on the statistical analysis of search and rescue operations, it was established that the greatest number of them occurs in the fall-winter period. It was determined that on the territory of the Carpathian Mountains the largest number of search and rescue operations is carried out in Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, and Lviv oblasts. An analysis of working conditions was carried out. The results of studies into the effectiveness of thermal insulation of protective clothing of a mountain rescuer were analyzed. Mathematical modeling of heat and mass transfer in the body of a mountain rescuer was carried out using MATLAB software. Modeling of changes in temperature processes in the volume of the rescue head model was carried out under the influence of environmental temperatures: –10 °C, –20 °C, –30 °C, and a metabolic rate of 600 W/m². Modeling was carried out on a 4-layer segment of the head. It was established that the effect of low temperatures on the face, head and, accordingly, the hypothalamus through the frontal part of the rescuer’s skull leads to disability already at minute 17 in the absence of head protection equipment. The use of a model for predicting a decrease in body temperature as a result of exposure to the external environment and the level of protection by the rescuer’s individual means will determine the time of risky decrease in brain temperature (up to +32 °C) and prevent a negative impact on the health of the rescuer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the necessity of competitive development of farming enterprises in Lviv region to ensure food security both at the state and regional levels in particular. As part of the research, a thorough economic and statistical analysis of their economic activity and resource provision was conducted. It has been found that the farming enterprises of Lviv region are characterized by positive trends of development. In particular, there is a consolidation of farmers by the area of land use, an increase in the number of agricultural products, which had a positive effect on the sale of the main types of agricultural products in the region and beyond. The objective necessity is substantiated for intensive development of cooperation of farming enterprises in Lviv region under conditions of unstable financial and economic situation in the state, which will provide an opportunity to attract investment and innovation resources for their effective development, will ensure production of ecologically clean food products and creation of new jobs. Among the priority directions for the development of farming enterprises in Lviv Region, special attention is focused on the diversification of activities, which is expedient to consider in production, technological and marketing aspects. The study proved that farming enterprises of Lviv region have all the prerequisites for effective business management. Their strategic development should be focused not only on increasing the volume of production, but also on improving the quality of products, which will ensure a high level of their competitiveness on domestic and foreign markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the features of non-agricultural development in rural areas based on the research materials on rural entrepreneurship in the foothills and mountainous areas of the Ukrainian Carpathians, in particular in Lviv region. The methodological basis of the research consists of comparison, analogies, analysis and synthesis methods, process and system approaches etc. During the research the entrepreneurs’ sociological survey was conducted. As a result of the research a range of problems that inhibit the effective development of mountainous and foothills areas and the factors that complicate the formation and effective use of the entrepreneurship intellectual and personnel potential in the specified region are identified. The directions of non-agricultural entrepreneurship diversification are determined (namely tourist, accommodation, recreational, trade, transport and other services as well as folk crafts), and the expediency and advantages of the rural tourism development on the territory of the Ukrainian Carpathians and the foothills are substantiated. The motivational aspects of entrepreneurial activity in the rural tourism field are considered. It can be concluded that non-agricultural activity is one of the most important elements of rural residents’ alternative incomes and the intensification of economic activity in rural areas (in particular, foothills and mountainous). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technologies and scientific progress are of major importance in monitoring cultural heritage (CH). Studies of CH preservation play a crucial role in understanding human history, inheriting splendid nations' cultures, and safeguarding cultural diversity. The scientific community and the countries must lead a battle to maintain and preserve CH. The possibilities in the search for underground objects (using non-invasive methods) that have been forgotten are presented. This article presents the results of research conducted in the area of the Citadel in Lviv (Ukraine) and an execution site of the Second World War (Kazimierz Biskupi, Poland). This research makes it possible to highlight the problem of researching to find and adequately commemorate objects and events that are essential elements of the CH of Ukraine and Poland. The proposed non-invasive methods allow the designation of protection zones of historical and cultural significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of evaluation of the efficiency of employment of the communities' resource potential using different approaches on the example of Lviv region in Ukraine. The proposed methodology secures creation of a rational system of monitoring of the results of activities of amalgamated territorial communities (ATC) and determines what factorial indices should be improved and concerned by the communities' managers to conduct more efficient managerial work in the community. For example, in the communities with the budget that is sufficient to secure the increasing development of the community (Davydiv, Dubliany, Zabolottsi ATC), the primary focus can be done on the social development and growth of the infrastructural base, whereas in the ATCs with the low level of economic development (Volia-Baranetska, Lukiv, Mizhenets ATC), the most important task is to secure the sufficient extended growth of the population's income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The comparative study on recent changes in greening processes in residential areas of Kraków and Lviv is intended to improve the insight into and devise a new approach to shaping and preserving urban green spaces. It aims to outline the critical current characteristics of greening in residential areas and changes in their structure brought by urbanisation in Poland and Ukraine today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main tasks of this research are an extended analysis of the technological rut formation process's geometric, force, and energy characteristics as a result of repeated passage of a forest machine on the soil surface. Existing experimental studies of the rutting process are associated with significant material costs and disruption of the forest ecosystem. The purpose of this study is to obtain similar experimental data in laboratory conditions, as well as establishing the correspondence of these experimental results to the results of field studies. The experiments were carried out on the specialized "soil channel" stand of Technical University in Zvolen (Slovakia), as well as in natural conditions in Brody Forestry of the Lviv Region (Ukraine). Geometric track characteristics were determined by length gauges. Power and energy characteristics of the track development process were determined using dynamometers, ammeters, and voltmeters. The physical and mechanical characteristics of the soil with which the mover interacted were determined by a dynamic hardness tester, a penetrometer, and a moisture meter. The characteristics of rut development processes in natural and laboratory conditions are similar to each other. This makes it possible to carry out a wide range of studies of a wheel with soil on a specialized stand and save considerable money during the implementation of full-scale experiments. So, the process of track development can be analyzed with the help of the geometric, force, and energy characteristics of the "wheel-soil" system obtained on laboratory equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Polish-Jewish novelist, poet and translator Józef Wittlin (1896–1976), author of the classic Sól ziemi (1935, English Salt of the Earth, 1939), lived in Lwów (until 1918 Lemberg, today Lviv) for about 20 years until 1922. Thereafter, whether in Poland or from 1939 in exile first in France, then the United States, he cherished his memories of this architecturally distinguished and multiethnic city, publishing his memoir Mόj Lwów [My Lwów] with an exile press in New York in 1946 (English translation 2016). The article draws on archival documents from Poland, the United Kingdom and the United States and other published sources to give a history of the book's conception and reception, above all in the exiled Polish diaspora, and makes a case for Mόj Lwów 's enduring significance as a work of imaginative reconstruction written in exile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article raises the question of the historical and legal analysis of the development of Ukrainian societies and unions, which are outlined by the concept of «unification» of Eastern Galicia in the second half of the 19th - the first half of the 20th centuries. This study is highlighted through the prism of founding documents, through which you can see the structure of these associations, based on the legal basis and specifics of their activities. The main tasks of the student societies of that time are highlighted: to maintain the reading room and library on their own; to hold literary and scientific events; to organize literary, scientific and theatrical gatherings; to help its members financially. Every valid member of the Society was obliged to pay membership fees. Although Ukrainian student associations were founded outside Galicia, for example in Vienna, they spread their activities to Eastern Galicia, trying to create a number of branches in the western Ukrainian lands and being guided in their activities by official documents issued by the Austrian authorities. And indeed, «conceived as a purely student society, the Viennese Sich actually became the first statutory organization of Galician narodivites. Student youth also played an important role in the creation of the «Prosvita» society. However, this organization did not become the main focus of the student movement. Already in 1860-1870, students focused their main efforts on the formation of a new center for their scientific and social life. As a result, two Ukrainian student societies appeared in 1871: «Academic Circle» and «Friendly Moneylender». The life of the Ukrainian student societies of the Lviv Polytechnic was much calmer, because there was a much more liberal atmosphere. For political conflicts on ethnic grounds, there was a lack of a fertile environment, which was provided by the social sciences at the university. In addition, Lviv doctors participated in the education of the rural population. The special commission of the Medical Society together with Prosvita organized popular medical lectures in the villages. Together with the director of Narodna Lichnitsa, Dr. Yevhen Ozarkevich, and the Lviv branch of Prosvita, Ukrainian medical students organized medical educational activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research was carried out at the pig farm of LLC Barkom, village Dublyany of Sambirsky district, Lviv region, and PE "Chernyuk" from Hrushvytsia Persha, Rivne district, Rivne region. According to the principle of analogs, two groups of farrowing sows of the PIC genetic company of the large white breed (2-3 farrowing) of 5 animals each were formed -- control and trial. The animals were kept in the same house under the same conditions. The trial group received a standard diet similar to the control group, but the feed additive "Activo" was added to the diet in 0.1 kg/t of finished feed. From the fifth day after birth until weaning, newborn piglets of the trial group were fed pre-starter feed, to which 0.2 kg of the feed additive "Active" was added. The environmental parameters in the houses where the animals were kept differed according to the following leading indicators: the air temperature (°C) in the box with manual control of the supply-exhaust ventilation system in 5-, 14-, and 28-day-old piglets were, respectively, by 3; 2 and 4 °C higher compared to the temperature regime provided by the Big Duchman microclimate system; air movement speed (m/s) lower by 21.4; 33.3 and 8.3 %, respectively; carbon dioxide concentration (ppm) higher in 1.9; 1.8 and 2.1 times, respectively; ammonia concentration (mg/m3) higher in 4.5; 6.1 and 6.1 times, respectively; hydrogen sulfide concentration (mg/m3) higher in 1.8; 4 and 5.4 times, respectively. During the trial period, a probable tendency to decrease feed consumption by sows of the control group by 3.4 % (P < 0.01) was noted at LLC "Barkom", and at PE "Chernyuk", it amounted to 6.22 % (P < 0.001). At the same time, the loss of live weight in sows of the control group amounted to 10 % at the end of the period at LLC Barcom in the control group; namely, the sows of the group (K) lost an average of 23 kg during the trial period. The sows of the group (E) lost 17 kg. At the PE "Chernyuk" pig farm, the loss of live weight in sows at the end of the period in the control group was 25.8 kg, and in the trial group 19.4 kg, (P < 0.001), that is 24.8% less compared to the control group. At the pig complex of LLC "Barkom," when applying the feed additive "Activo" to lactating sows, an increase in the live weight of piglets in the trial group from birth to the fifth day after birth was noted by 18.3 %, compared to the control group. A significant increase in the live weight of piglets in the trial group was 17.16 % on the 14th day and 13.76 % (P < 0.001) on the 28th day of life, respectively. When calculating the average daily growth from birth to weaning (28 days of piglets' life), the difference was 18.54 % (P < 0.001). Piglets born from sows of the control group at the PE "Chernyuk" pig complex that did not consume the trial feed additive had a slightly lower live weight at birth by 9.4 % compared to the trial group. On the fifth day of life, the live weight of the piglets in the trial group was significantly greater than 30.2 % (P < 0.001). The tendency to increase the piglet's live weight on the 14th and 28th day of life was observed in the trial group by 20.1 % (P < 0.01) and 14.1 % (P < 0.001), respectively, in the control group. When calculating the average daily weight gain from birth to weaning (28 days of piglets' life), the difference was 15.15 % (P < 0.001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the past 3 years have illustrated, crisis and uncertainty are part of the fabric of our lives. In our roles as management educators, the importance of helping our students develop skills to navigate these challenges has never been greater. In this interview article, we talk with Dean Sophia Opatska, the Founding Dean of the Business School and Vice-Rector for Strategic Development of Ukrainian Catholic University in Lviv, Ukraine. Dean Opatska reflects upon navigating the initial trauma of war by expeditiously redesigning her international business course to incorporate a service-learning project for the first time. She shares about her aim of creating desperately needed stability, focus, contribution, and connection for her students during the early days, weeks, and months of the war in Ukraine. We consider Dean Opatska's reflections and contextualize them in terms of examples drawn from the extant literature of other faculty who have used service-learning in times of crisis and uncertainty. We offer suggestions for future research and comments regarding the importance of creating connection, facilitating open lines of communication, and remaining flexible when using service-learning during a time of crisis. Finally, we conclude with a call for management educators to move beyond awareness toward a place of preparedness, togetherness, and action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article studies the process of separation of the two layers of painting of the icon "St. Apostle Philip", which is kept in the church in the Bonevychi village (Sambir district, Lviv region, Ukraine). The expediency of using the chemical method of separation for these work and similar ones, according to the state of preservation and technique of execution, is substantiated. The study shows that the upper layer of the icon was made in the late 19th -- early 20th centuries in the technique of oil painting on top of the new gesso (levkas). The original painting of the icon was done in the technique of tempera with the use of silvering and engraving on the background. When studying the manner of painting of the original layer of the icon and based on archival documents about the church in Bonevychi, it was found that first image was painted in the early 18th century to the newly built in 1702 wooden church in Bonevychi. The manner of painting shows that the author of the original icon was a master from the center of church art in the town of Rybotychi (now a village in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship (Województwo podkarpackie) of Poland). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article examines the peculiarities of the formation and development of tourist destinations in the western Ukrainian border regions. GMDH analysis of statistical indicators of tourism in Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zakarpattya, Volyn and Chernivtsi regions revealed the importance of information campaigns promoting local destinations. The strategy for tourist destination formation, information support and promotion in the western Ukrainian border regions is developed and the components of its realisation are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Teka Committee of the Architecture, Town Planning & Landscape Studies / Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych is the property of Lublin University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An automatic geomagnetic station for monitoring the Earth's magnetic field variations was installed in December 2020 at Talos Dome, a remote site on the Antarctic Plateau, about 300 km away from the permanent geomagnetic observatory at Mario Zucchelli Station (MZS). Designed and assembled at the laboratory of electronics of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) in Rome, this autonomous station is formed by a vector magnetometer specifically manufactured by Lviv Institute (Ukraine) for very low temperatures and a low-power system supplied by batteries charged by a wind generator and solar panel. Data, sampled at 1 Hz, are locally stored and can be downloaded once a year during the Antarctic summer expeditions. The goal was to integrate observatory data for better monitoring the geomagnetic field from an uncovered Antarctic area. In fact, it is well known that the distribution of geomagnetic observatories strongly favors the northern hemisphere, and each new instrumental installation in Antarctica should be considered as a useful attempt to balance the geomagnetic monitoring in the two hemispheres. The achieved goal was to obtain a long data series, keeping the station working even during the austral winter when the temperature can reach −60 °C; we recorded almost 11 months of data in one year and the station is still operating. Data from the new station, jointly with data from permanent observatories, improve the analysis of the magnetospheric dynamics and the ionosphere–magnetosphere coupling. Talos Dome, together with the Italian geomagnetic observatory at Mario Zucchelli Station and New Zealand geomagnetic observatory at Scott Base, constitutes a network along the 80°S geomagnetic parallel, which is interesting for studying the longitudinal propagation of geomagnetic signals of external origin. In this work we present the characteristics of the station and of the data it provides, with the aim of them for analysis in the framework of space weather. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the scientific and museological activities of Lviv archaeologists during World War I. The focus is on the fate of archaeologists who were forced to serve in the army (Y. Pasternak, V. Hrebeniak); the state of scientific institutions of Lviv, and the living and working conditions of professors and teaching staff of the University of Lviv, as well as museum workers of the city, were analyzed. In addition, it is about stocking and inventorying the museum collections with archaeological finds, and attempts to restore the activities of museum institutions regardless of conditions (National Museum of Jan III Sobieski, Dzieduszycki Museum). The issue of the loss of human lives is not the least. During these years, Lviv archaeology lost a Polish professor of archaeology Karol Hadaczek and his student, the talented Ukrainian archaeologist Volodymyr Hrebeniak. It was found that the War stopped the development of archaeological science in Lviv and pushed it back for some time. Only in the post-War years, was it possible to restore field research, and publishing activities, replenish museum collections, and educate new personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers the problem of reaction of the greatest Polish opposition party to the post-1926 "Sanation", namely, the right-wing National Democrat attitudes to the ideas of changes of the Polish Constitution of 1921. The author focuses on the King John Casimir University in Lviv milieu (mostly professors, but also graduates and those allied with these circles - lawyers and journalists). Among many advocates protesting against ruling party's reforms of the Polish law was Władysław Tarnawski - the professor of English Philology at the University and one of the leaders of Lviv's right wing. An analysis of the discourse on Polish law carried out by opposition parties against the post-May government allows to grasp the richness of Polish parliamentary life in the authoritarian period. Despite the numerous studies in Polish historiography dealing with the milieu of the National Democrats between 1918 and 1939, the Lviv branch of this party has been understudied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sacrum et Decorum is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article considers the phenomenon of the positive perception of gated communities in Lviv, with an emphasis on historical aspects of urban planning. The research has shown that under certain conditions, the existence of gated communities is necessary and their popularity is justified. Therefore, it is necessary to develop mechanisms to avoid their negative consequences. In order to understand how closed communities function, and to identify natural trends in the development of this type of facility, their formation in other parts of Europe was analyzed. The results show that this approach is common for the living environment, but that it has its own characteristics at the level of formal expression and functional content. Form and location in the city structure are not essential for the formation of gated communities, with their effective functioning and logical connection with the external environment being more important. There is also a contradiction between the current situation, which is to ensure the physical security of the inhabitants, and the principles of sustainable urban development aimed at the concept of barrier-free space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the private collection of artistic monuments of Lviv collector Helena Dombchanska, donated to the National Museum named after King Jan III (1908—1940) and the Historical Museum of the city of Lviv in the first decades of the 20th century. The thematic composition is described, the number of monuments in separate subgroups, the location of objects in the modern collection of the Lviv Historical Museum are investigated. The biography and activities of Helena Dombchanska (1863—1956), who took an active part in the formation and development of museum institutions in Lviv, are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the functioning of existing logistics centers in Ukraine. The logistics real estate segment was developed dynamically in Ukraine in the years before the full-scale invasion of Russia. Most logistics complexes are located in the Kyiv region, sometimes in the cities of Kharkiv, Odesa, Dnipropetrovsk and Lviv. Logistics real estate has suffered significant damage since the start of the war, and some warehouses have been completely destroyed. In order to fulfill a coordinating and integrating role in the implementation of logistics operations in the western region of Ukraine, the authors proposed the creation of a powerful regional logistics center in Lviv. The operation of the center will ensure the provision of a full range of logistics services based on the criterion of minimizing the loss of time and money. The authors proposed an algorithm for determining the optimal location of the logistics center in the region. The regional logistics center has been developed, together with its organizational and functional structure and the relationships between its components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]