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Este trabalho trata da relação entre métodos quantitativos e qualitativos nas ciências sociais em geral e na área da educação em particular. Começa focalizando a orientação positivista da Sociologia, assim como de outras ciências sociais em sua origem, mas rejeitando a identificação sumária entre métodos quantitativos e positivismo. Aborda, então, a querela metodológica, com destaque para três teses a respeito da relação entre métodos quantitativos e qualitativos: a da oposição ou incompatibilidade; a da complementaridade; e a da unidade. Esta última, como unidade na perspectiva da dialética marxista. Por fim, sugere que, em vez de nos inquirirmos sobre qual a competência metodológica de maior valor em absoluto, deveríamos perguntar-nos se e como diferentes competências metodológicas poderão articular-se no estudo de um determinado objeto ou problema social ou educacional.This paper deals with the relationship between quantitative and qualitative methods in the social sciences in general and in the area of education in particular. It starts by focusing on the positivistic orientation that sociology and other social sciences had in their origin, but rejects a simple identification of quantitative methods and positivism. It then discusses the methodological dispute, highlighting three theses on the relationship between quantitative and qualitative methods: the thesis of opposition or incompatibility, the thesis of complementariness and the thesis of unity. The latter is seen as a unity in the perspective of Marxist dialectics. The paper finally suggests that instead of wondering what is the methodological competence that has the highest absolute value, we should ask whether and in which way different methodological competences can be brought together in the study of a particular object or social or educational problem.

In Brazil, the large scale educational assessment is part of school life, being used to rank schools or for the purpose of drawing an overview of the quality of education offered to children, possibilities that depend on the political context in which they are inserted and will provide direction for educational policies. The aim of this paper is to discuss the National Literacy Assessment (ANA) as a policy of assessment for elementary school, seeking to understand how this Policy guides the work developed in the classroom by the literacy teacher. For this, we considered authors that deal with the policies of large scale assessments and the results of these, in addition to guiding documents, ordinances, guides, plans, reports and normative related to ANA. Because it is not a procedural or diagnostic evaluation, ANA does not enable the immediate follow-up of students as occurs with Provinha Brasil, with a faster intervention and individualized results. However, its results point to an important diagnosis for the comprehension of the data, which are the social context indicators produced from the analysis of external factors, but which exert great influence on the literacy process of the students. The relationship established between the processes and the results achieved at the national, state and municipal levels, evidences the need for investigation of the relations that are produced between the instituted policies and the constitution of relative processes for the learning of all children in the literacy cycle.

eoi/doi Deposit-Electronic Object Identifier http://eoi.citefactor.org/10.11248/ehum.v10i2.2364 Youth, Society and School Training: distances and approaches between curriculum and young life in the contemporary world Resumo: Neste estudo realizamos uma reflexão sobre as relações entre a formação escolar e as dinâmicas de práticas e saberesda juventude na contemporaneidadeproblematizando questões como o papel do trabalho na formação educacional, os processos de tomada de consciência do jovem nos espaços escolares e a relação entre as formas de ação coletiva as esferas de participação juvenis na escola. Através de uma discussão que problematiza um conjunto de referências clássicas e contemporâneas no âmbito da Sociologia da Educação e da Sociologia da Juventude, este trabalho procura contribuir com os debates que, partindo de uma ou outra destas subáreas das Ciências sociais, têm revisto a maneira como se pode pensar a construção dos currículos e o desenvolvimento da formação escolar diante da necessidade de realizar uma educação que permita ao jovem compreender e transformar a realidade social na qual está inserido. Palavras-chave: Educação. Juventude. Currículo. Abstract: In this study we present a reflection on the relationship between school education and the dynamics of youth practices and knowledge in the contemporary world, problematizing issues such as the role of work in educational formation, the processes of youth awareness in school spaces and the relationship between forms of collective action the spheres of youth participation in school. Through a discussion that problematizes a set of classic and contemporary references in the Sociology of Education and the Sociology of Youth, this paper seeks to contribute to the debates that, starting from one or another of these subareas of Social Sciences, have reviewed the way one can think of the construction of curricula and the development of school education in the face of the need to carry out an education that allows young people to understand and transform the social reality in which they are inserted. Keywords: Education. Youth. Curriculum. Recebido em: 19/10/2017 – Aceito em 11/02/2018

Vik Muniz: the Shadow of a Denunciation.Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir questões relativas ao direito, à cidadania, à desigualdade social e à educação presentes na obra de Vik Muniz. Assim, através de um contraponto que será estabelecido entre textos não-verbais e verbais busca-se refletir sobre a importância do significado critico das representações artísticas e contemporâneas de Muniz com o sentido pedagógico do ensinar Palavras-chave: Vik Muniz; Pedagogia e arte; Educação em textos não verbais.Abstract: This paper aims to discuss issues related to law, citizenship, social inequality and education present in the work of Vik Muniz. Thus, through a counterpoint that will be established between non-verbal and verbal texts, it is sought to reflect on the importance of the critical meaning of the artistic and contemporary representations of Muniz with the pedagogical meaning of teachingKeywords: Vik Muniz; Pedagogy and art; Education in nonverbal texts.Recebido em: 30/10/2018 – Aceito em 15/11/2018

This paper presents part of the activities developed by the Program for Attention to Children at Risk for Development - PRACRIANÇA (Federal University of Paraná - UFPR / Brazil). Objective: To verify the contributions of a support service to parents of children with disabilities accomplished through Conversation Circles (CC). Method: 108 mothers and 7 fathers of children with different ages and distinct diagnoses, including Autism and Down Syndrome, participated in the study. Twenty-one meetings were held between April and December 2016. Parents were asked to respond what they were looking for in the talk circle, in addition they had to describe with at least 3 words what they were thinking in the beginning and in the end of the meetings. Excel spreadsheets were used to categorize the quantitative data, that was analyzed with thematic and sequential exploration of the corpus, from Bardin (2011), which resulted in thematic categories. Results: Most of parents came to the CC to learn more about inclusion (60.1%), 52.2% were looking for strategies on how to deal with their children, 17.4% wanted orientations about healthcare professionals and 12,2% wanted to understand specific issues about the disorder, disability or diagnosis. Regarding the thoughts expressed in words at the entrance and exit of the meetings, the content analysis resulted in 6 categories. Conclusions: The CC have shown that parents come hopeful to find strategies to deal with issues related to their children. At the departure, most parents express good feelings about what they found, taking with them a greater understanding about the issues dealt there, with less sense of insecurity.

This work highlights the important contribution of John Dewey’s theses on aesthetics and art, consolidated in the book Art as Experience, to the current discussion on art teaching in the context of children’s education in Brazil. The focus of such discussion is the issue of formal certification of teachers, rather than reflection on matters related to the training of art teachers, such as, for instance, how to design and implement a teaching method for art and education. Even though Dewey himself does not lay down methodological guidelines, this paper traces the associations between his philosophical principles and educational theses. By conceiving art as both experience and a form of language, and by stressing the value of rhythmic experience in everyday life, Dewey advances his notion of reflexive thought. This notion is at the core of his proposed reform of pedagogical ideas and practices to promote a democratic way of life. The bringing together of his aesthetic and artistic theses and educational proposals is characterized in this work as rhetorical pedagogy. In this framework, education is aimed at building a radical democracy, by creating individuals who are able to compose and express the power of their personal inclinations, to the benefit not only of their individual lives, but also of a collective well-being.

O presente trabalho terá como objetivo transformar em tema de reflexão as inquietações de duas crianças, Alicia e João, a respeito de sua nacionalidade; quer dizer, trazer em cena o sentimento ambíguo de pertença que possuem em relação a suas identidades. Diálogos com o pensamento filosófico serão realizados a respeito da fronteira, como lugar onde a naturalização da igualdade é posta por terra; naturalização na qual o conceito de identidade aparece como uma peça monolítica coesa e impenetrável. Defendemos o contrário: que a identidade é efeito de um processo constante, e sempre inacabado, de transformação subjetiva, pela mescla, pela angústia de não ser UM consigo mesmo e nem em relação aos outros. Apostamos, portanto, no universo múltiplo e incalculável do processo identitário, que torna único cada sujeito em seus dilemas.The aim of the present paper is to bring about a reflection on the uneasiness of two children, Alicia and João, regarding their nationalities, that is, on their ambiguous feeling of belonging regarding their own identities. Dialogues based on philosophical thinking will be carried out about the frontier as a place where the naturalization of equality is extinguished, and naturalization, in which identity is perceived as a cohesive and impenetrable monolithic piece. The opposite is actually what we stand up for: identity is the effect of a never-ending, always unfinished process of subjective transformation, through miscellany, through anguish for not being ONE with oneself or with others. In short, we believe in the multiple and immeasurable universe of the identity process, which makes every subject unique concerning his or her dilemmas.

Este artigo aborda características de três campos responsáveis pelo perfil do trabalho pedagógico escolar com a mídia: os meios de comunicação, as instituições acadêmicas e a própria escola. Procura-se, então, destacar as dificuldades para a consolidação desses campos no cenário escolar. O texto, enfim, ressalta a necessidade de politização da escola a partir do trabalho com a mídia, para melhorar as condições de diálogo entre a escola e os agentes externos.This paper describes the actions from three areas responsible for pedagogical activities related to media: media, academic institutions and schools themselves. It highlights the difficulties to consolidate these areas in schools. In short, this text points out the need to arouse political awareness in school communities from studies about media, to improve the conditions for dialogue between schools and external agents.

Este estudo apresenta e discute algumas concepções "lingüísticas" sobre a língua de sinais circulantes no período que denominamos modernidade a partir, principalmente, de dois textos: de um livro, escrito por um tipógrafo surdo, publicado em Paris em 1779, e de um ensaio assinado por um professor, também surdo, escrito em 1840. O objetivo da presente reflexão é mostrar a similaridade de algumas colocações, realizadas por eles, com certos conceitos e preconceitos ainda existentes sobre o que seja, do ponto de vista lingüístico, o que genericamente se denomina "língua de sinais". Considerações sobre seu papel na educação de pessoas surdas também serão realizadas, e projetadas para o presente, a partir daqueles mesmos textos.This paper discusses some "linguistic" conceptions about Sign Language which were current in the Modern Age, based mostly on two texts: one a book written by a deaf typographer and published in Paris in 1779; the other an essay written in 1840 by a deaf professor. Similarities will be shown to hold between their statements and several extant concepts and prejudices about what is generically called "Sign Language" from a linguistic point of view. Based on those same texts, considerations which are pertinent to the present will be made regarding the role of Sign Language in Deaf Education.