Search

Overweight and obesity, two of the planetary nutritional disorders, can also affect populations from developing countries. In Argentina, similarly to the majority of countries of Latin-America and the Caribbean, excess weight problems affect more than a half of adult population(FAO, OPS, OMS. 2017. 2016 América Latina y el Caribe. Panorama de la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional, Sistemas alimentarios sostenible para poner fin al hambre y a la malnutrición. Santiago de Chile (Chile): Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Available from http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6747s.pdf), and more seriously, coexist together with nutritional deficiencies. This paper explores the evolution of both dietary intake and public action in Argentina, in the light of global change and local economic and social instability. This analysis is made in the context of Latin-America and gives special attention to lipids. The first part is dedicated to the evolution of nutritional situation of Argentinian population and their food intake, including lipids. The second part presents the evolutions of political actions related to food and nutrition developed in Argentina; it provides special focus on pioneering and successful public action to diminish the quantity of industrially produced trans fatty acids in food. The third part addresses a general non-exhaustive panorama of Latin-American nutritional situation, presents food consumption models evolution and discusses food and nutrition policies implemented in the region, including the combat against trans fatty acids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theoretical elements in agroecology: ecological intensivity. Agroecology is the science of agroecosystems. Ecological intensification is the process by which ecological functionalities can be intensified to obtain higher biomass production from agroecosystems, environmentally friendly, and in a way that has to be compatible with ecological viability principles. This statement defines an ecologically intensive agriculture. Ecological intensification is a very creative domain for new technologies but theoretical bases are still lacking. This paper enumerates some available theoretical elements. It appears that the management of ecologically intensive agroecoystems needs new transdisciplinary approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the place of fats in young children's diet. Firstly, it shows on the one hand the important contribution that fats should have to total dietary intake of children younger than 2 years, because of their interest for neural development and their putative protective effect against the further development of obesity; on the other hand it underlines the low contribution of fats to total dietary intakes in French children, according to the available data, with a minority of children with adequate fat intake. Secondly, it reports available knowledge regarding the sensory control of fat intake. In newborns and infants, some works have looked at preference for fats and indicate the absence of a fat preference. In children, a higher fat content in foods is sometimes (but not always) associated with a positive effect on liking, often with an optimal content, but it is not associated with a higher intake of the food. High fat content in foods have two effects on eating behaviour learning. In children younger than 3 years, tripling the energy density of a food by adding fat is associated with the development of a conditioned satiation for this food; in older children, doubling the energy density by adding fat is associated with an increase in the liking for the flavours associated with fat. Perspectives for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]