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SARS-CoV-2, commonly known as COVID-19, continues to have a profound affect ON adolescents and their families. Mental health professionals have seen an alarming increase in anxiety, depression, and suicidality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adolescents face the challenge of differentiating from their families, and often place increased focus and importance on their peer group. Given the increased isolation, this paper illustrates how Satir's therapy model can be used by therapists who treat adolescents and their families related to COVID-19 specific stressors. Specifically, this paper will examine how Satir's focus on how self-worth, communication, and holistic approaches, are uniquely beneficial to treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States has the largest incarcerated population in the world, and more than half of this population suffers from mental health disorders. A systemic review was conducted on how family therapy is discussed in the literature on incarceration using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The search yield 194 articles with only 27 meeting criteria and being fully reviewed. This review magnifies the lack of family therapy inclusion in the literature concerning criminology and criminal justice. There is a lack of family therapists employed in incarcerated settings which emulates the absence of literature. The goal of this paper is to shed light on this issue and to call for more research that includes family therapy in the discussion surrounding incarceration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An estimated 2.3 million individuals were incarcerated in the U.S. in 2018. This paper displays how The Tadros Theory of Change can be utilized to work with incarcerated individuals and their families. The Tadros Theory is an integrative family therapy theory comprised of a structural conceptualization of rules, roles, boundaries, and structure with narrative methods of empowerment, solution-focused goal-orientation, cultural humility, and a strengths-based approach. The Tadros Theory empowers and aids in identifying clients' positive strengths and resiliency factors. This paper adds to the literature on this theory by introducing the consideration of trauma and substance use which are both extremely prevalent when working with this population. A case application showcases that this theory can be used with an incarcerated father and his non-incarcerated partner. Barriers, clinical implications, and future directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Chinese context of Hong Kong, education is seen as important for building character and social achievement. In the dominant social discourse, students encountering school attendance problems are often considered either psychologically dysfunctional or socially deviant, and their parents are viewed as incompetent or irresponsible. With the concrete case example, this paper illustrates how narrative therapy provides a space for students' voices and critical perspectives. It also helps families resist and renegotiate the oppressive meritocratic ideology promoted in the education system and in society. Integration of the systemic and the narrative approaches in the practice is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Social Graces framework is increasingly used within training institutions, as a means of encouraging learners to critically explore issues of social difference. Attending to issues of power and diversity is believed to help trainee family therapists become more alert to any biases that may impact on therapy. This review paper draws on the developing literature to examine what the social graces add and limit in systemic thinking and practice. It also considers an alternative approach for exploring power and difference in family therapy practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition to parenthood, or the addition of another child to the family system is a life altering event for both mothers and fathers that can affect both parents individually and their relationship. For some parents, this includes perinatal suicidal ideation. Despite the prevalence of perinatal mood disorders, there are no systemic models designed specifically for couples who are at risk for suicide. This paper reviews the literature on the prevalence of perinatal suicidal ideation and proposes an integrative treatment model using aspects of Collaborative Assessment of Suicidality (CAMS), Attachment based family therapy (ABFT), and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social isolation and loneliness are major public health concerns in the U.S., and researchers have called for greater efforts to develop interventions to alleviate loneliness. Latinxs may be particularly vulnerable to social isolation and loneliness due to discrimination, familial separation, and acculturation difficulties. Unfortunately, little has been written to help therapists effectively intervene to address social isolation for Latinxs in a culturally sensitive way. This paper presents the clinical attitudes, knowledge, and skills necessary for therapists to provide culturally competent therapy to Latinx clients who experience social isolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alliance and neutrality are the two fundamental constructs defining therapeutic engagement. Although both are critical to positive clinical process and outcome, they become much more difficult to effectively balance in relational therapies. In many ways they coexist in an unrecognized dialectic tension. A history of the evolution of neutrality in relational therapies is provided. Evolutionary iterations of relational therapy have experimented with different formulations of the neutrality-alliance mix. We critique these hybrid conceptualizations of neutrality as they relate to the therapeutic alliance. In a second paper, we propose multipartiality and enactments as a dynamic, engaged neutrality that represents a fully realized relational advocacy. Together, the papers provide a primer on therapeutic engagement in MFT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to show how one can progress from a validated theoretical model to its practical application in family therapy. The model applied in this case is the Likeness Continuum consisting of six degrees of Likeness: symbiosis, sameness, similarity, differentness, oppositeness, and alienation. A formal Task to evaluate this model in family therapy is attached to provide a basis for the evaluation of this model in the laboratory and in the therapy office. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Marriage Contract Game was designed to help couples negotiate relationship and task problems in an explicit, rational manner. This paper describes the game's conceptual ties to modes of behavioral family intervention and to the social psychology of bargaining. The game's procedures are described in detail to permit the replication and dismantling required for empirical investigation. The paper concludes with an example of the game's application to a distressed couple. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the training and supervisory components of a doctoral level, pre-internship clinical experience, designed to teach Ph.D. candidates a contextual or systemic approach to therapy. The training occurred in a university-based departmental clinic which balanced the three interdependent areas of training, service and research. The therapeutic orientation was a problem-focused, goal-oriented, directive therapy candidates a contextual or systemic approach to therapy. The training designed to view and treat individuals in their social contexts. From this perspective, students were able to gain experience with individuals, couples and families. The paper discusses the Junction and components of the weekly supervision seminar and describes the integrative and sequential use of several innovative supervisory methods such as live supervision, peer consultation and videotape playback supervision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though depression is one of the most common presenting problems treated by systemic therapists, there have been relatively few attempts to describe how specific systemic therapy models can be applied to treat couples dealing with depression. In this paper, we discuss how contextual therapy can be used to treat depression in couples therapy. We identify multidirected partiality as an intervention and as a characteristic. We introduce letter writing and internalized other interviewing as contextual interventions that help to facilitate partiality and understanding between clients. A clinical vignette illustrates our discussed concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acquired traumatic brain injury (ATBI) is a public health concern causing approximately 2.5 million emergency room visits in the United States annually. Medical family therapy (MedFT) displays how biological issues impact each area of a client's life. This paper highlights how MedFT can be utilized with parents of an adult child with ATBI; the case is presented as treatment occurred with benefits of the inclusion of MedFT. Researchers propose a call to the field of marriage and family therapy to increase access of MedFT to afford more opportunities to help families who experience medical conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marriage and family therapists are uniquely poised to work with entire families, including children. It is surprising then, that so few MFTs affiliate with play therapy. Many COAMFTE accredited masters' programs offer some form of play therapy training, but therapists often report feeling uncomfortable with play therapy (Gil, 2015). In this paper, we offer a condensed refresher course on play therapy for MFTs, including suggested readings, materials, and instructions to expand training from a 2-day seminar to a 14-week course. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of offering play therapy instruction as a semester long required course for masters' students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Somatic symptoms affect about 80% of the population, 15-30% of all primary care consultations (Delfstra & van Rooij, 2015; Kroenke, Arrington, & Mangelsdorff, 1990; Toussaint, Kroenke, Baye, & Lourens, 2017). Despite the high prevalence of somatic symptoms, a gap in existing literature exists regarding different treatment modalities. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the effectiveness of integrating narrative and medical family therapy with a client experiencing somatic symptoms that mimic papillary thyroid cancer symptoms. During treatment, the client learned to differentiate somatic and medical symptoms, developed a sense of agency and communion, and positively reauthored her problem saturated story. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A growing body of literature indicates that clinical attention to sibling relationship enhancement can be beneficial for relational outcomes and broader psychological well-being. Working with clients on strengthening their sibling relationship can impact not only the sibling dyad but can serve as an important source of support enhancing well-being and adjustment. In addition to a clinical review of the importance of integrating sibling relationship issues in therapy, the current paper highlights an effective therapeutic approach to sibling relationship discord including two case studies describing the effective integration of this modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical family therapists (MedFTs) and pharmacists in the context of interdisciplinary collaboration will be discussed. In an effort to build and reflect on their own professional experiences, recognizing the need to address wellbeing from a multitude of perspectives, and with the goals of improving access to care by identifying potential partnership opportunities between the two professions, the authors synthesized findings from pertinent articles using Medline and PsycInfo. This paper will illuminate the precise roles of MedFTs and pharmacists, how they fit into the interdisciplinary healthcare team, and anticipated facilitators and barriers in this undertaking to enhance patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of marketing is no longer confined to private business, but is becoming increasingly popular in the social services area. The application of marketing principles to the marriage and family therapy field is also promising. Yet many therapists are hesitant or resistant to a marketing approach because of the misconceptions that abound about marketing. This paper describes what marketing is and is not, and applies a marketing perspective to relevant issues within the marriage and family therapy field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wide acceptance of family-of-origin treatment concepts has brought with it frequent haphazard application of its techniques. Encouraged by Bowen's stimulating ideas, the family-of-origin family movement has seen an increasing emphasis upon intensive family analysis through data collection, specifically via the construction of the genogram. This paper examines the tendency to construct genograms in an affective vacuum—a phenomenon consistent with Bowen theory, yet potentially problematic in the ongoing process of treatment. It offers alternatives to nonprocess-oriented genogram construction in an effort to enhance the experience for the client and to broaden the therapist's diagnostic understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of the initial interview as an essential evaluative and therapeutic tool has been much discussed in the literature. Unfortunately, the variety of theoretical approaches as well as evaluative concepts can often seem confusing and overwhelming to the beginning psychotherapist. The purpose of this paper is to describe a comprehensive, integrative model for the initial interview. Essential theoretical constructs which encompass intrapsychic, intergenerational and interactional approaches are defined. These constructs are synthesized in a manner which transcends various theoretical models offering a more manageable, comprehensive framework in which to conduct an interview. The importance of considering therapist behaviors which promote engagement are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The great versatility and practicality of multigenerational system concepts are demonstrated by their increased use in therapy by marriage and family therapists, by the development of theory, by the practicality of gathering multigenerational data through methods such as genograms and event charting, and by developing intervention strategies that include more than two generations. This information and treatment is coming from family theorists, researchers, and therapists who profess divergent theoretical approaches. These professionals who view family therapy from the extended family system perspective seem to be guided by common assumptions that are not clearly identified as such by the authors. This paper proposes eight basic assumptions that seem to underly the practice of multigenerational family therapy, theory development, assessment, and research by a theoretically divergent group of family-oriented scholars and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Live demonstration interviews are a popular feature of many family therapy workshops. This paper examines advantages and disadvantages of four demonstration interview formats for the four groups: mental health professionals as observers; the families; their therapists; and the consultant (e.g. workshop ‘leader’). The formats include same-room, closed-circuit, prevideotaped, and simulated interviews. The benefits of each format for all four groups can be balanced and optimized through careful selection of families, matching the interview format to their situation, and the workshop coordinator's facilitation of essential communication between the consultant, therapist, and family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the family therapy field has witnessed a renewed interest in systems theory, coupled with a concern with epistemology. This paper examines the theoretical dilemmas which arise from the polarization of family epistemologies into the pragmatic and the aesthetic. It then examines the problem of ascertaining the truth of any theory, from three different perspectives: truth as fact; truth as coherence; truth as usefulness. It concludes with the presentation of four advantages of applying systems theory to the theory and practice of family therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes how dialectic metatheory may be used to integrate various dimensions of human development as they pertain to symptom formation and therapy. A dialectical conceptualization of therapy allows one to systematically organize individually and systemically oriented ideas. It also points out the paradoxical nature of all therapy and how to use this fact constructively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides an overview on various papers related to family therapy. These papers include "The impact of depression in old age on close relationships," by E. Murphy, "The efficacy of parent training with maritally distressed and nondistressed mothers: A multimethod assessment," by G. H. Brody and R. Forehand and "Marital discord and problem areas: Longitudinal personality prediction of sex differences among the divorced," by M. D. Newcomb. Information concerning the journal of which the stated articles has been published is also discussed.

This paper examines the ethical and legal implications of adhering to treatment protocols in family therapy outcome research. Safeguards are proposed to minimize risks to subjects, and guidelines are suggested to prevent therapist deviation from treatment protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we describe an experimental academic course on marriage and family therapy supervision. The course, an adapted version of an institute program, was taught in four stages, combined a seminar and a practicum, and culminated with live supervision of live supervision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The treatment of inhibited sexual desire (ISD) has traditionally focused on individual dysfunction. In this paper, ISD is defined as a relational phenomenon which may best be treated in the marital context. The function of the symptom of ISD as it relates to the central marital issues of power, intimacy, and boundaries is also addressed. A structural family therapy treatment strategy for ISD cases is outlined and illustrated in a case example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A consideration of interactional style is useful to both researchers and clinicians interested in family assessment. This paper offers data and process evaluation scales designed to determine family interactional style, conceptualized as a continuum ranging from centripetal (CP) to centrifugal (CF), and containing at the midpoint a mixed area in which facets of both the CP and the CF styles are found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper, in presenting the second part of a cognitive model of family conflict, discusses the influence of efficacy expectations on conflict attitudes and behavior. It proposes (a) that high efficacy enhances persistence in family problem solving, while low efficacy inhibits such efforts, and (b) that chronic low efficacy may lead to learned helplessness responses in family members. Drawing together the cognitive model of family conflict, the author discusses the joint impact of causal attributions and efficacy expectations on family conflict, then describes the two relevant research studies and discusses several implications of the model for family research and family therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a family therapy model that utilizes the Bowen theory systems framework with the aged. Instead of seeking out the family of orientation, however, which is less significant to older family members who have fewer living siblings and parents, the framework is adapted to the family of procreation, which takes on increased importance in the lives of the elderly. A discussion of the older family member is followed by a brief explanation of the theoretical framework. The major thrust of the paper provides a description of the course of family therapy with the aged using this model. Included are the goals and outcomes of therapy, strategies for re-relating with other family members, and roles of the therapist and client. Research issues are discussed briefly. The expected outcomes of this model are the creation of more satisfying intergenerational relationships and the preservation and enhancement of independence for the aged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Family Environment Scale (FES) is being used clinically to facilitate assessment, intervention and evaluation of change in family therapy. This paper illustrates the use of the scale by providing case descriptions of two typical families. Discussion of each family member's real and ideal family environment serves to identify key areas of agreement and disagreement about actual and desired aspects of family functioning. This semi-structured procedure can focus each therapy session on specific interpersonal issues and encourage each family member to take an active part in discussing problems and formulating goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes our integration of two of the more prevalent approaches to marital and family therapy: the behavioral (social learning) and the family systems (communication theory) approaches. A discussion of the development of family rules from a behavioral point of view is presented as an example of conceptual integration. However, the major intent of the paper is to present a rather detailed explication of the authors' multivaried strategies for intervention, which are designed to integrate and innovate upon the major behavioral and family systems treatment techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper was twofold. First, the family life cycle was conceptualized in terms of four interacting models of development. These models were based on Riegel's scheme of human development. Secondly, Riegel's concept of ‘synchronizing reinterpretation’ and life cycle transition was explored in terms of second-order or paradoxical change. Second-order change is grounded in a dialectical theory of change. It was suggested how a dialectical approach to the family life cycle may enhance theoretical conceptions, research paradigms, and clinical interventions with families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An obituary for author Luciano L'Abate, who is known for works and contribution to family psychology and therapy, is presented.

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2000); however, recent research suggests that there is a potential for faux-ADHD diagnoses (Pressman & Imber, 2011) which may be due to externalizing problems with a different etiology. One etiology that has received attention is sleep-related behaviors, in so far as they have been correlated with behavioral problems (Presman & Imber, 2011; and see Thunström, 2002 for research on severe infant sleep problems predicting later ADHD diagnoses). This paper adds to the research in suggesting further factors that should be considered by researchers and clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pornography increasingly affects couples’ relationships commensurately with the increasing availability of pornographic material. Relationships can be adversely affected by the addictive influences of pornography, and therefore therapists are likely to encounter this concern with their clients. It is suggested that addiction to pornography can be characterized by withdrawal and tolerance, and can have neurological impacts and negatively influence relationships. However, clinicians sometimes fail to recognize pornography addiction to be equally as troublesome as other addictions. This paper explores the implementation of successful structural therapy treatment of pornography addiction using an actual case study with a married couple. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Parental deployment can have a significant impact on children's psychological, behavioral, and physical well-being. Although most children are resilient, researchers agree that long periods of separation might be a significant source of stress for parents and children in military families. This paper provides a review of the literature of the effects of parental military deployment on child well-being and the parent-child relationship. The authors examine several major parent-child interventions implemented nation-wide during the past five years and provide a rationale for the use of filial therapy, an empirically validated intervention, with military parents and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent articulations of systems theory emphasize the self-organization and autonomy of systems. From this perspective it was previously seen that symptomatic behavior reflects the conservation of an ambivalent autonomy embodying the system's striving for an ideal way of living and the simultaneous failure of this quest. Treatment typically opposes the symptom and allies itself with the idealistic pole of the ambivalence, thereby discounting the system's ambivalent autonomy. This often strengthens symptomatic efforts to conserve the ambivalence. Careful questioning can be used to circumvent this dilemma and this paper illustrates this type of therapist neutrality by means of a case example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews the current literature regarding childhood bullying and the implications for family therapists in the treatment of bullying and victimizing behaviors. The purpose of the following paper is threefold: (a) to review the current literature regarding bullying behavior and its systemic origins through the view of social learning and attachment theories; (b) to investigate the appropriateness and success of family therapy as a treatment model for this issue, focusing specifically on solution-focused and strategic/structural family therapies; and (c) to discuss implications and dire need for more research on the topic of bullying in family therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marriage and family therapists are often not prepared for clients entering therapy with chronic illness. This article chronicles an individual's journey through the psychological experience and survival of breast cancer. It also addresses some of the issues and problems persons with breast cancer may experience, taking their spouses and families into consideration. Throughout this paper a distinction is made between the illness experience, the illness behavior and the illness meaning. This is accomplished against a social psychological backdrop of the definitions given to the illness and the resultant scripts taken on by the individual, the couple and family members. A visualization component to a four stage therapeutic model based on social constructionist assumptions is then presented. The model is illustrated by the case material throughout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the magnitude of the potential repercussions concerning sexual attraction between mental health professionals and their clients, relatively little research exists in the field of marriage and family therapy (MFT). Although the topic of sexual attraction and various ethical dilemmas accompanying the issue have raised awareness of the increasing need to address sexual attraction dynamics in therapist training programs (Harris, 2001), the inherent gray nature of the topic often makes it difficult to address. Research shows that that a majority of therapists encounter feelings of sexual attraction either toward or from their clients during their careers. In light of the MFT research addressing sexual attraction in therapy, to date few studies address the phenomenon in the context of conjoint therapeutic sessions, a significant component of our profession. This paper presents the results of a study designed to assess how therapists in training think about how they would handle attraction in the context of a conjoint couple session and discusses the inherent difficulty in managing sexual attraction in such a context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT) must carefully plan how to initiate, convene, and terminate therapy. Determining how to ethically terminate therapy in a variety of therapeutic contexts can be challenging. Though termination is a common aspect of all therapeutic relationships, a lack of empirically based information on how to terminate therapy leaves practitioners alone in determining how best to end the treatment relationship. Furthermore, the subject of termination is discussed so scarcely in MFT literature that few authors have attempted to establish a standard for ethical termination. In the current climate of evidence-based services, predetermined session limits, and increased litigation for malpractice, MFTs must examine their termination procedures. This paper identifies the current available literature on termination and discusses the ethical and legal considerations for practicing MFTs as outlined by the AAMFT Code of Ethics (2004). Directions and suggested methods for future research are set forth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on culturally competent family therapy interventions with regard to identity formation in Latino/Anglo American (L/AA) youth. , a growing segment of the United States population. Given the overall scarcity of literature specific to this unique group, models of identity formation for a broader category (i.e., multi-racial youth) are presented and critiqued in terms of their application to L/AA adolescent. Special identity-related factors for L/AA youth populations are presented including the race of the youth's Latino parent, the L/AA youth's appearance, acceptance from family members and peers, and cultural conflict within the home. Guided by Sue and Sue (2003), specific suggestions for culturally competent family therapy are provided, and detailed using a case vignette. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Topics of interest, authors' characteristics, and institutions in three major MFT journals ( American Journal of Family Therapy, Family Process , and Journal of Marriage and Family Therapy ) from 1992 to 2004 were reviewed. The findings indicated that most authors had earned a Ph.D. and worked in a university setting as a faculty member. Publishing institutions were equally distributed throughout the United States. Six topics areas accounted for 42% of articles written including (1) Theory; (2) Techniques and Interventions; (3) Assessments and Instruments; (4) Ethnic, Minority, and Cross-cultural Issues; (5) Violence, Abuse, and Incest; and (6) Training and Supervision. As in the earlier reviews, faculty and/or students from Purdue University and Brigham Young University authored the highest percentage of papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Terrorist attacks combine features of criminal assaults, disasters, and acts of war which, as recent events have tragically shown, often involve children and families in the carnage. Much of our clinical knowledge in treating terroristic trauma is adapted from psychotherapeutic knowledge and experience with victims of criminal assault, homicidal bereavement, natural and man-made disasters, war and political violence, workplace homicide, and school shootings. This article reviews the pertinent literature on these types of trauma and combines this information with the author's own experience in treating adults, children, and family victims and survivors of recent terrorist attacks. The paper describes the psychological syndromes resulting from terrorism and discusses the relevant individual and family therapy modalities for treating victims of terror. Finally, the role of mental health clinicians in the larger national and international response to terroristic trauma is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers techniques on how to work with male cross-dressers using solution-focused therapy. An overview about issues crossdressers often face is addressed which shows they have many of the same concerns as other clients seeking therapy. Solution-focused therapy is discussed as a way to work with male-cross dressers and their partners. A case study of a male cross-dresser and his wife is presented and possible directions are suggested for marriage and family therapists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the greater criticisms noted in the field of marriage and family therapy (MFT) research is the lack of clear and concise definitions, concepts, and treatment protocols. Given this, the field of MFT would benefit from research methodology to assist in the understanding of areas of previous confusion or dissension. This paper argues for the application of Delphi studies to serve this occasion. A description ofthe methodology ofthe Delphi and a discussion of Delphi studies implemented in MFT research literature are presented. Recommendations for the use of the Delphi in the field of MFT are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the rationale for a socially constructed genogram, allowing for multiple definitions of family to be represented. It describes the role of the problem system and the utility of this genogram in these situations. It describes the set-up of a socially constructed genogram and provides clinical examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review work integrates the findings from studies conducted between 1991 and 2021 on the association between familial and parental factors and the impostor phenomenon, in an attempt to deepen the comprehension of the phenomenon's etiology. All four forms of familial/parental factors identified in these studies (i.e., parental rearing styles and behaviors, attachment styles, maladaptive parenting and parent-child relations, and familial achievement orientation) were generally found to be moderately correlated with the impostor phenomenon. The prominent group of studies deals with the link between parental rearing styles as an explaining variable, with 7 studies showing somewhat consistent associations between parental (low) care and over-control and an offspring's impostor feelings. However, when considered simultaneously, the parental variables are shown to be less predictive of impostor scores than some psychological variables such as self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]