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The aim of this paper is to raise the several registers related to death, which, in Ópera dos mortos by Autran Dourado, show the being-towards-death as studied by Martin Heidegger in Being and time. Rosalina, the main character, is confined to a two-story house without any contact with other people, except for Quiquina, a dumb servant. Rosalina lives in a permanent reverence to her ancestors in order to maintain the disdain and hate that her father felt in relation to the inhabitants of the small town where they used to live. Rosalina's refusal to break the family's values brings nothingness and desolation to her life. When Rosalina, repeats behavior models, refusing to make herself original, death reaches her. Life is summarized as being-towards-death and consists of an exhausting task facing many unexpected risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The easiness by which we use language to communicate with others and to interpret what others say leads us to believe that language is transparent and of immediate comprehension. Linguistic studies, however, show that such transparency is illusory since the mother language is rife with indeterminations, ambiguities and dual meanings. Such reflections become even more important when we consider the classroom and the interactions that take place through language. This is because in school communication, the differences between the subjects involved, as long as mother language and specific knowledge are concerned, are part and parcel of every day situations. Therefore, it is important for the Math teacher to listen to the students and leave them at ease to expound their doubts and formulate their questions. Grounded on the results of research in mathematical education field, the objective of this paper is to discuss whether the communication which takes place in the classroom between the subjects in the educational process by means of language favors or not the building of mathematical knowledge by the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is grounded on a wide bibliographical research with a view to the elaboration of a didactic text for the development of teachers on the different learning theories and their implications in mathematics education. Among the different theories studied, the focus here is on the theories which analyze the processes of development and learning considering the subject as cognitively active. They are Piaget's Genetic Psychology, Vygotsky's Sociohistorical Psychology, and the Multiple-Intelligence theory by the North American theorist Howard Gardner and their implications in the teaching of Mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the significance of memory, of processes of remembering and forgetting, and of various types and functions of memories in Fred D'Aguiar's novel Feeding the Ghosts (1997). The British-born Guyanese writer descends into the depths of historical memory to excavate individual voices, individual and collective memories, individual and cultural traumas that revolve around a "limit event" (LaCapra, 1999: 698) in history: slavery. By giving voice to his heroine Mintah, a Fetu slave girl, D'Aguiar creates a counter-memory to Britain's official memory, and most importantly, persuades us to build an ethical attachment to memories of the past. The first part of the paper deals with theoretical and methodological issues in memory studies, investigates the complex relation between memory and literature, specifically focussing on the role and function of acts of memory in postcolonial literatures. The second part, devoted to the analysis and interpretation of the novel, will yield fascinating insights into D'Aguiar's multilayered deployment of memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article is the result of a study developed about identity questions from the perspective of French Discourse Analysis. Considering that the individual is constituted within discourse, it is from the discourse itself the attempt to consider identity as an effect created by the language and developed from discursive practices around a social-historical-ideological conjuncture. In this paper, the aim is to verify how the identity building of adolescents happens through discourse, taking into account that most studies related to adolescence brings an adult point-of-view and not the adolescents' themselves. The focus is not on the discursive practices that surround the adolescents but rather on what they have to say about themselves and the phase they are going through. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to verify whether the Indirect Speech used by journalists' live broadcast about the World Trade Center attack revealed their engagement as well as their commitment. In the news broadcast, the production of live report usually takes place simultaneously with the facts, that is, without previous planning, which grants the journalists unfamiliarity about what they are narrating. Nevertheless, it is very likely that the reporters' statements may reveal a higher or lower engagement and commitment vis-à-vis the information they are delivering. According to results, this kind of speech is not only used to transmit the news about the terrorist attack but to emphasize the adhesion as well as the distance of the reporters from the statements they make. The use of indirect speech is due to the intentions of the speaker highlighted in his/her speech. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to identify the relation between art and history, and between literature and tradition. Some elements such as the unique character of literature, the authenticity, the narrator and how art is evaluated will be discussed, considering the social historical approach. For this purpose, we chose Walter Benjamin to give support to the study about the narrative from oral tradition to the novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper owes its inspiration to Jay's (1997) article on Carlos Fuentes's The Two Shores (Las dos Orillas, in the original, and As Duas Margens in the Portuguese version), one of the long short stories in the celebrated Mexican author's collected stories El Naranjo, translated as The Orange Tree and A Laranjeira, in the respective English and Portuguese versions. Jay bases his analysis on a number of authors in Translation Studies 1. Translation and mistranslation is just one aspect of this very rich and complex narrative. I argue that Jay's use of the word "translation" to refer to Fuentes's novella is too broad to be useful if one takes into account the existence of different types of translation and varied strategies employed by translators to deal with literary, technical, commercial, legal and Biblical texts in their daily work (Sager, 1998). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the theory of endogenous development theory as a means of industrial organization, from a neo-Schumpeterian approach, on a new paradigm based on Information and Communication Technology. This new paradigm based on the flexible accumulation model, with decentralized production, and less dependent on the existence of economies of scale, makes possible opportunities for the development of small and medium enterprises. From this perspective, the new local/regional development strategies evidence various interrelated concepts such as industrial districts, clusters, local productive and innovative systems and arrangements and milieux innovateurs, that show the importance of micro, small, and medium enterprises for the development process of a region. These concepts include elements such as interaction, cooperation, joint actions and others, as determinants for the better performance of enterprises and, consequently, of regional economic development, or rather a new industrial organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study shows feminine representation from a profound psychological study of the character Fedra in Racine's dramatic play Fedra. In literary theory, gender issues have been of great interest and have also experienced great development, particularly in the last decades. This paper intends to contribute towards gender studies by showing the feminine representation in dramatic plays based on a careful psychological examination of the female protagonist. Results show that there are some feminine text markings as well as feminine ambiguity traces which may be recognized and pointed out in the contraposition of feminine and masculine through the psychological study of the character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is about Arthur Schopenhauer's metaphysics of the beauty. The discussion is an analysis of the philosopher's thesis on the beautiful, the sublime and its manifestations. The ideas of the subject, of genius and hierarchy of art, which includes music, are dealt with. Schopenhauer's text tries to understand nature's beauty and art. The idea of beauty as metaphysics is a means to understand reality, an extremally important fact in the history of Philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of philosophy, according to Hegel, is not a collection of opinions but the effort that humankind makes to understand their own existence. The aim of this paper is to understand the history of philosophy according to four thinkers: Montesquieu, Rousseau, Kant and Hegel. Law was chosen as a common point among these philosophers. Hegel was taken as the landmark to analize the others, whose approaches of the concept of law are taken as parameters. For Hegel, the law represents a necessary historical determination that enhances freedom. Hegel recovers Montesquieu's, Rousseau's and Kant's conception of law, signaling their individual contribution and their limitations. Hegel's conclusion is that his predecessors confirm that law is the central feature of life in a modern, free society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although there is a discussion on the teaching of grammar at school, the current trend is not the traditional grammar, but a model of grammar that leads the students to reflect about the real use of the language with its linguistic varieties, including the normative one. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how textual linguistics and functionalism can help in that sense. The contents of textual linguistics focused are mechanisms to build and categorize discourse objects and the textual function of nominalizations. Besides, these contents of functionalism are the mechanisms to introduce, maintain and resume discursive topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Human & Social Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)