Search

Aims: This study aimed to examine the relationship between heart failure knowledge, self‐efficacy, social support, grit and self‐care behaviour in patients with heart failure and to identify factors associated with patients' self‐care behaviour. Background: Most patients with heart failure are not as active in implementing self‐care behavioural practices as recommended by the guidelines. Design: This descriptive cross‐sectional study was designed based on Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory. Methods: This study included 138 patients who were diagnosed with heart failure in an outpatient department of cardiology at a tertiary hospital in Korea. Data were collected between July and October 2020 using a structured questionnaire and electronic medical records. Data were analysed using the SPSS/WIN 27.0 program. Results: Grit had the strongest association with self‐care behaviour among patients with heart failure, followed by social support, self‐efficacy and heart failure knowledge. These variables accounted for approximately 52% of the variance in self‐care behaviour. Conclusions: Health‐care professionals should assess patients' grit and develop patient‐tailored grit enhancement programmes. Based on the social cognitive theory, nursing intervention programmes that can simultaneously manage cognitive (knowledge and self‐efficacy), social and environmental (social support) and behavioural support (grit) factors should be developed and applied to nursing practices to promote self‐care. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Most patients with heart failure are not as active in implementing self‐care behavioural practices as recommended by the guidelines.Social cognitive theory is conceptualized as cognitive, social, environmental and behavioural in nature.Self‐care behaviour can be influenced by multi‐dimensional factors, including cognitive factors, such as knowledge and self‐efficacy, and social and environmental factors, such as social support. What this paper adds? Grit—a behavioural supporting element—was confirmed as a factor influencing the self‐care behaviour of patients with heart failure. The implications of this paper: Interventions for enhancing patients' grit should be developed; self‐efficacy, social support and heart failure knowledge for patients with heart failure should be considered in clinical nursing settings.Health‐care professionals should assess patients' grit and develop patient‐tailored grit enhancement programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Virtual reality (VR) is becoming increasingly accessible and being utilized in various organizations to meet education and training needs. Despite its potential, research regarding VR applications has focused on measuring the effectiveness of VR programs relative to non‐VR programs; consequently, the ways in which VR programs are effective remain unclear. Objectives: Recognizing this research gap, this study examined whether task type‐dependent differences in training outcomes exist between VR training and non‐VR training groups. Methods: To examine the effects of VR technology for training purposes in a military setting, we conducted a quasi‐experiment focusing on how the effects vary based on task characteristics. A total of 90 military personnel were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (VR) or a control group (non‐VR). After completing their respective training, the two groups participated in four tasks simulating real battle scenarios and designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the VR‐based training. We analysed primary data collected through survey instruments and performance evaluation using a one‐way between‐group analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and supplementary interview data using thematic analysis. Results and Conclusions: The quantitative analysis showed that the VR group performed better than the control group on three tasks in which communication, interaction and immediate situational judgements were critical. No difference was found between the two groups in the other task, which involved the routine operation of physical objects. Additional interview data revealed the extent to which trainees perceived the VR training as effective in understanding in‐situ conditions, preparing and practising their own and their team's reactions to emergent situations and in manipulating virtual objects. Implications: Our findings provide insight into VR technology's potential to enhance human performance in various training contexts. VR is specifically effective in training that aim to improve immediate judgement and group coordination. Our findings provide useful information for those seeking to design and develop training environments that maximize the effects of VR. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Virtual reality training is widely used to train personnel in high‐risk/cost occupations (e.g. surgeons and military personnel).Virtual reality education and training help to improve cognitive and affective function as well as psychomotor skills.The success of technology adoption depends on how well the task characteristics are aligned with technological characteristics. What this paper adds: The current study helps verify the generalizability of the TTF theory and provides an in‐depth framework that can be used to classify task types to optimize VR training.VR training programs are more effective when assigned tasks involve solving problems in groups and/or require spontaneous decision‐making than individual physical operations. Implications for practice and/or policy: When considering VR integration to an existing or new training program, the types of tasks to be designed in the program should be well‐aligned with the technological characteristics.At the organizational level, strategic adoption of VR in the training field should be initiated instead of replacing the existence of areas in current/traditional training (i.e. individual physical operation in this study). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: If not conducted correctly, nursing handover can threaten patient safety, and so nursing students require good handover education. This study evaluated a handover education programme based on situated learning theory in a clinical practicum. Methods: A quasi‐experimental design and convenience sampling technique were used. The participants (fourth‐grade nursing students recruited from a college in the C province of South Korea) were assigned to an intervention group (n = 38) or a control group (n = 39). A handover education programme that included lectures, expert observations, role playing, peer learning and reflection was received by the intervention group. The control group attended lectures and observed handovers. The handover skills of all participants were tested 2 weeks before and on the last day of the clinical practicum. Handover performance ability, handover clinical judgement ability and handover self‐efficacy were outcome variables. Results: Significant improvements in handover performance ability, handover clinical judgement ability and handover self‐efficacy were observed in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusion: The significance of this study lies in the development and application of a programme based on situated learning theory for handover education. Application of theory‐based handover education in clinical practicums is recommended to improve the handover capabilities of nursing students. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Nursing handover is considered very important for optimizing nursing performance and securing the continuity and safety of patient care.Nurse educators must develop and validate educational strategies to resolve handover deficiencies among nursing students. What this paper adds? The self‐evaluation of handover performance ability, handover clinical judgement ability and handover self‐efficacy were better in nursing students who received handover education based on situated learning theory than in the control group. The implications of this paper: Theory‐based handover education applied in a clinical practicum context can allow nursing students to improve relevant capabilities prior to graduating as a clinical nurse.Situated learning theory provides a theoretical basis upon which to support practical handover learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate potential factors that influence nursing performance in South Korean intensive care units (ICUs). Background: As nursing performance is directly related to patient outcomes in the ICU setting, identifying factors related to nursing performance at various levels could contribute to improving those outcomes. Method: A cross‐sectional descriptive design was employed with a convenience sample of 177 nurses having worked at least 6 months in an ICU. Data were collected from 2 to 16 March 2018. Results: Workplace incivility from supervisors and patients and their families was negatively related to nursing performance, whereas a relation‐oriented culture and task‐oriented culture were positively related to nursing performance. The factors that predicted nursing performance were nurse age and a task‐oriented culture. Conclusion: Based on study findings, hospitals should focus on mitigating workplace incivility to help improve the nursing performance. Also, hospitals should develop strategies to assess organizational culture and foster relation‐ and task‐oriented culture to maximize nursing performance. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Nursing performance is an important predictor of patient outcomes in intensive care units.Although multiple factors affect nursing performance, previous studies have addressed those factors only individually or in pairs. What this paper adds? This article assesses multiple factors that influence nursing performance in the intensive care unit setting, including interactional, organizational and societal factors. Among those factors, workplace incivility of supervisors and of patients and their families was negatively correlated with nursing performance.Organizational factors such as relation‐oriented and task‐oriented culture were positively correlated with nursing performance.Greater nurse age and working in a task‐oriented culture predicted greater nursing performance. The implications of this paper: Nursing managers should foster a task‐oriented culture for intensive care unit nurses to enhance their practice performance and thus improve patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to identify the nursing stress factors, which affect turnover intention in hospital nurses. Background: Nursing stress is known to be an important predictor of turnover intention in nurses. Although nurses experience various sources of stress across work environments, cultures, and generations, little is known about the stress factors affecting turnover intention in nurses. Design A descriptive cross‐sectional design was employed. Methods: A total of 329 nurses were recruited through convenience sampling from 27 hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected from May to November 2018 using a questionnaire. Results: Among the stress factors, stress from patients and their families, workload stress, stress from conflicts with supervisors, and stress from conflicts with peers were associated with turnover intention in hospital nurses. These variables explained 40.0% of the variance in turnover intention among hospital nurses. Conclusions: Stress from interpersonal relationships with patients and their families, supervisors, and peers may have a considerable impact on turnover intention. To reduce nursing turnover intention, coping strategies to reduce stress from patients and their families should be established. It is necessary to provide programmes that foster interpersonal relationship skills in the workplace. Nurse managers may encourage communication among nurses to establish positive relationships. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about the topic? Nurses' turnover continues to remain a challenging issue across work environments, cultures, and generations.Nursing stress has a great impact on turnover intention in hospital nurses. However, little is known about the stress factors that affect turnover intention in nurses. What this paper adds? Among the nursing stress factors, stress from patients and families had a strong effect on turnover intention in hospital nurses, followed by stress from workload, conflicts with supervisors, and conflicts with peers. The implications of this paper: Our findings suggest that stress from interpersonal relationships might have a considerable impact on turnover intention.Coping strategies to reduce stress from patients and family need to be first established to reduce the turnover intention in hospital nurses.Nurse managers should be aware of the effects of interpersonal relationships on turnover intention and encourage communication among nurses to establish positive relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to explore the role of clinical research coordinators (CRCs) and identify the importance and performance of the role as well as the factors that affect the professional recognition of their role. Methods: A total of 102 CRCs from 10 hospitals were recruited for a survey. The Clinical Trial Nursing Questionnaire scale developed by Ehrenberger and Lillington was used to collect data for the importance–performance analysis. The importance and performance data were plotted on a two‐dimensional grid, and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors on the CRC role. Results: The influencing factors on the importance of the CRC role were frequency of protocol assessment, implementation and evaluation and professional nursing role performance. The influencing factors on performance were formal education and training in clinical research, institutional career ladder system for professional development and identification as a principal investigator in research studies. The influencing factor on the professional nursing role perception was the lower component of the 'performance of professional nursing role'. Conclusion: Formal educational preparation, identification as a principal investigator in research studies and clear career progression are supportive factors to the professional recognition of CRC as a specialized nursing role. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Clinical trials ultimately contribute to improving public health.A clinical trial process should cover a number of tasks, such as provision of study information to patients, recruitment of patients, screening and obtainment of their consent.Clinical trial nurses affect the quality of clinical trials, but little is described about the scope and contribution of their roles in clinical trials. What is already known about this topic? This study explored the role of clinical research coordinators (CRCs) and their professional role recognition in the wake of policy changes in South Korea since 2015.Formal education, role delineation and career ladder schemes are critical factors to the career advancement of CRCs, as shown in the study results.Identifying the changes and effects of the relevant policy has implications to the South Korean context and beyond, serving as a reference for countries considering setting up CRC roles or establishing an educational system for CRCs. The implications of this paper: Formal education, role delineation and career ladder schemes are critical factors to the career advancement of CRCs.To improve the performance and professional awareness of CRCs, a government‐led system and policies on formal education and career ladder are needed so that CRCs can fulfil their role in improving public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social meaning is not conveyed through words alone, but also through how words are produced phonetically. This paper investigates the role of loudness and pitch in determining the perception of politeness-related judgments in Korean. It has been proposed that high pitch is universally associated with polite or deferential social meanings. In contrast to this, Experiment 1 examined the perceptual effect of pitch and found no effect. Experiment 2 tested the effect of loudness, and found that listeners associate quieter speech with deference. Finally, Experiment 3 investigated the simultaneous effects of loudness and pitch, and found again that loudness had a consistent effect, whereas pitch only had a weak effect. Analyses of individual differences suggest that in contrast to loudness, which is interpreted uniformly across Korean listeners, pitch has more variegated social meanings: Some listeners associate high pitch with deferential meaning, others associate low pitch with deferential meaning. Thus, we find loudness to be a more unambiguous indicator of deferential speech than pitch. These findings shed light on how different acoustic properties contribute to the indexing of social stances, and they suggest that the role of pitch in conveying politeness may have been overstated in past research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To examine Korean registered nurses' level of perceived knowledge and practice of venous thromboembolism risk assessment as well as prevention, self-efficacy in venous thromboembolism care and actual knowledge of venous thromboembolism. Background For hospitalised patients, venous thromboembolism is a preventable clinical disorder. Caring for venous thromboembolism patients requires coordination across multiple providers and settings. Clinical nurses can play a major role in improving venous thromboembolism prevention care, assessing venous thromboembolism risks and providing appropriate prophylactic measures to those who are at risk for venous thromboembolism. Design A cross-sectional descriptive study. Methods Anonymous paper-based surveys were conducted for a convenience sample of registered nurses' ( n = 452) from two university-affiliated hospitals in South Korea. Results The majority of participants indicated that their overall self-rated venous thromboembolism knowledge was 'fair', while only 2·4% rated it as 'very good' or 'excellent'. The overall mean score of the venous thromboembolism knowledge questions was 50·9 (±13·0) of a possible score of 100. The mean score of self-efficacy in practising venous thromboembolism prevention/prophylaxis was 3·0 (based on a one to five Likert scale). The self-reported venous thromboembolism assessment performance on patients varied among clinical units. Only 9·3% of participants reported having received in-service venous thromboembolism education from their hospital. Conclusions The findings showed that overall venous thromboembolism knowledge and self-efficacy in venous thromboembolism prevention practices of Korean registered nurses' were not highly rated. Korean nurses demonstrated a lack of knowledge about venous thromboembolism, particularly in the areas of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis measures and venous thromboembolism diagnosis methods. Relevance to clinical practice Focused education on venous thromboembolism prevention and risk assessment should be considered a component of continuing education for Korean nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary What is known on the subject? Despite the increased interest in nursing students' happiness in South Korea, few studies have attempted to identify factors influencing their happiness. Therefore, nursing educators should consistently investigate the factors influencing happiness and develop strategies to improve happiness among Korean nursing students., What this paper adds to existing knowledge? This study confirmed that there were positive correlations between grateful disposition, social support and happiness. In addition, grateful disposition and support from intimate people were identified as predictors of happiness in Korean nursing students., What are the implications for practice? Development of intervention programmes to help nursing students increase grateful disposition and support from intimate people may be helpful for improving happiness. These programmes can include activity, such as writing a gratitude journal, and extracurricular programmes, such as mentoring programmes between seniors and juniors and/or professor and student., Abstract Introduction Happiness is very important in the training and development of nursing students as future nurses. However, nursing students experience a high level of stress and low level of happiness in South Korea. Aim This study aimed to investigate factors that affect happiness among nursing students in South Korea. Method Data were collected from a total of 241 nursing enrolled in two 4-year baccalaureate nursing programmes in South Korea, using a self-administrated questionnaire. To identify predictors of happiness, stepwise regression analysis was conducted. Results The results indicated that grateful disposition and support from intimate people significantly predict happiness among Korean nursing students. These two factors accounted for 38.0% of the variance in happiness. Discussion This study indicated grateful disposition and support from intimate people as factors promoting happiness in nursing students. The findings highlight grateful disposition and support from intimate people as important factors when developing effective interventions that foster nursing students' happiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To examine the effects of a web-based nursing process documentation system on the stress and anxiety of nursing students during their clinical practice. Methods A quasi-experimental design was employed. The experimental group ( n = 110) used a web-based nursing process documentation program for their case reports as part of assignments for a clinical practicum, whereas the control group ( n = 106) used traditional paper-based case reports. Stress and anxiety levels were measured with a numeric rating scale before, 2 weeks after, and 4 weeks after using the web-based nursing process documentation program during a clinical practicum. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t tests, chi-square tests, and repeated-measures analyses of variance. Results Nursing students who used the web-based nursing process documentation program showed significant lower levels of stress and anxiety than the control group. Conclusion A web-based nursing process documentation program could be used to reduce the stress and anxiety of nursing students during clinical practicum, which ultimately would benefit nursing students by increasing satisfaction with and effectiveness of clinical practicum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This descriptive, exploratory, correlational analysis investigated patients with type 2 diabetes and their diabetes knowledge, depression, diabetes‐management self‐efficacy, and social support and sought to determine the effects of these factors on psychological insulin resistance among type 2 diabetes patients in South Korea. Methods: This descriptive cross‐sectional study included 136 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited an endocrinology clinic. A structured questionnaire and electronic medical records were used to collect data regarding demographic and disease‐related characteristics as well as scores on the Diabetes Knowledge Tests, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Diabetes Management Self‐efficacy Scale, Social Support Scale, and Psychological Insulin Resistance Scale, between September and December 2017. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t‐tests, a one‐way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The total score for psychological insulin resistance was 60.92 ± 14.75 of a maximum of 90. Stepwise multiple regression showed that diabetes knowledge, diabetes‐management self‐efficacy, social support, absence of diabetes complications, and depression explained 38.6% of the variance in psychological insulin resistance. Conclusion: Diabetes knowledge was found to have the largest influence on psychological insulin resistance, followed by social support, absence of complications, depression, and diabetes‐management self‐efficacy. Development of interventions that consider all these factors is required, and the effects of such interventions should be tested through further research. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Patients with diabetes in Korea have been reported to have relatively high levels of psychological resistance to insulin therapy compared with their counterparts in the West.Previous studies on factors associated with psychological insulin resistance have considered only a limited number of factors and have simply analysed the association between these factors. The full range of disease‐related factors that can affect psychological insulin resistance has not been considered.Research on the psychological insulin resistance of patients with type 2 diabetes, and the factors that affect it, is currently lacking in Korea. What this paper adds? The level of psychological insulin resistance of Korean patients with type 2 diabetes was found to be higher than that of patients from other countries.Diabetes knowledge was found to have the most significant influence on the psychological insulin resistance in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes, followed by social support, absence of diabetes complications, depression, and diabetes‐management self‐efficacy. The implications of this paper: Levels of psychological insulin resistance among patients with type 2 diabetes should be monitored, and nursing education programs should be developed that are tailored to patients' level of psychological insulin resistance.Diabetes knowledge, social support, diabetes complications, depression, and diabetes‐management self‐efficacy should be systematically monitored to reduce the level of psychological insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Development of detailed interventions that consider these factors may be helpful, and their effectiveness should be tested through further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Hypertension is a common condition contributing to many diseases. Factors influencing blood pressure (BP) classification for adults have changed over time. This study aimed to identify factors influencing BP classification according to gender. Methods: Data from the Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014) were used in this descriptive, cross‐sectional study. Participants were 1555 adults (589 men, 966 women). Measures included demographic, health‐related, and lifestyle factors. Results: Compared with the male normal BP group, in the male prehypertension group, body mass index, problem drinking, and reduced sleep duration were higher; and in the male hypertension group, age, poor subjective health status, body mass index, diabetes, problem drinking, smoking, and sodium intake were higher. Compared with the female normal BP group, age, and body mass index were higher in the female prehypertension group; and age, poor subjective health status, body mass index, menopause, and diabetes were higher in the female hypertension group. Conclusion: Hypertension and prehypertension prevention interventions for adults should be distinguished according to gender. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension has increased worldwide.Prevention and management strategies for hypertension and prehypertension are provided to clients without regard to gender. What this paper adds? Many lifestyle factors that affect hypertension and prehypertension showed differences according to gender.Drinking, sodium intake, and sleep duration were significant factors along with body mass index and diabetes in male clients.Rather than lifestyle factors, menopause, body mass index, and diabetes were significant factors in female clients. The implications of this paper: In the prevention and management of hypertension, lifestyle factors should be highlighted differently according to gender.Management of male clients should focus on reducing problem drinking, limiting sodium intake, and having enough sleep, together with weight control and diabetes prevention.Weight control, menopause, and diabetes management should be emphasized for female clients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We examined Korean nurses professional quality of life, emotional labour and workplace violence to guide development of interventions to improve nurses professional quality of life. Background: Nurses face heavy exposure to emotional labour and workplace violence. Stress experienced by nurses reduces compassion satisfaction and increases compassion fatigue. Methods: Participants comprised 399 clinical nurses chosen by convenience sampling. Questionnaires measured demographic characteristics, emotional labour, workplace violence and professional quality of life. Results: Nurses professional quality of life was affected by emotional labour and workplace violence. Graduate educational level, emotional exposure and emotional supervision were associated with compassion satisfaction. Burnout was commonly associated with emotional exposure, experience and supervision of workplace violence. Secondary traumatic stress was associated with emotional exposure and experience of workplace violence. Conclusions: We elucidated the relationship between professional quality of life, emotional labour and workplace violence. Raising professional quality of life among nurses requires regular analysis of emotional labour and provision of organizational‐level interventions. Counselling programmes that address violence prevention education and comprehensive response strategies among nurses and policies that foster an organizational culture of respect and cooperation in hospitals are needed. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Promoting nurses professional quality of life is important in managing the quality of nursing care.Nurses with exposure to emotional labour show negative health effects, reduced willingness and ability to work, frequent absences, dissatisfaction and turnoverWorkplace violence negatively affects professional quality of life among clinical nurses. What is already known about this topic? Compassion satisfaction was highly related to organizational management systems for emotional labour and workplace violence.Burnout was associated with the magnitude of exposure to emotional labour and experience of workplace violence and negative organizational management systems for workplace violence.Secondary traumatic stress was associated with the magnitude of exposure to emotional labour and experience of workplace violence. The implications of this paper: To increase nurses professional quality of life, organizational management systems that address and reduce emotional labour and workplace violence are critical.It is necessary to develop programmes that address violence prevention education and comprehensive response strategies regarding emotional labour.Counselling programmes that address violence prevention education and comprehensive response strategies among nurses and policies that foster an organizational culture of respect and cooperation in hospitals are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]