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2. What the World Chemical Community Thinks about the Concept of Physical and Chemical Change?
- Author
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Palmer, W. P.
- Abstract
The concept of physical and chemical change is far from being the clearest and most self-explanatory concept in the world. If a number of chemists are asked to define physical and chemical change, there may well appear to be a fair degree of uniformity in their answers, until a few examples are suggested. When chemists are asked to place a variety of changes into the category of physical or chemical change, then differences inevitably arise. It is not difficult to demonstrate this by viewing school textbooks and articles about the topic. In spite of this, physical and chemical change is still taught in most in most secondary school courses. The problem arises from the definition and the historical layers of meaning that have grown around the concept, almost by accretion, without teachers being aware of their significance. The purpose of this paper is to describe the answers given by experienced educators to a questionnaire, which attempted to find out what the views of science educators/chemists worldwide about physical and chemical change now are. Four appendixes present: (1) List of Respondents; (2) List of Questionnaires Returned; (3) Physical and Chemical Change: An Information Sheet; and (4) Full Questionnaire: Interview Protocol or Basis for Written Response.
- Published
- 1996
3. Assessment of Learning Strategies in College Students: A Brief Version of the MSLQ
- Author
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Curione, Karina, Uriel, Fabiana, Gründler, Virginia, and Freiberg-Hoffmann, Agustín
- Abstract
Introduction: The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) is one of the most worldwide employed scales to assess self-regulated learning and its factor structure is a topic of debate nowadays. In this paper the internal structure of the instrument is analyzed on university students of Argentina and Uruguay. The aim was to extract a short version of the MSLQ. Method: 918 Argentinian and Uruguayan university students participated. An exploratory factor analysis as well as confirmatory factor analysis was applied using SPSS 21, SIMLOAD and LISREL 8.8 respectively. The factor invariance of the model was tested through the segmentation of each sample according to country, age and gender. The internal consistency was calculated for each sample using the Omega coefficient, these coefficients were compared using the "AlphaTest" program and the coefficient q. Results: The exploratory factor analysis yielded a hexafactorial solution that kept 18 items. This structure was tested in the sample of each country through a confirmatory factor analysis, which verified adequate fit indices (CFI > 0.90, RMSEA < 0.06). The factorial invariance of the model was tested, verifying the metric equivalence ([delta]CFI < 0.009, [delta]RMSEA < 0.002). For each dimension and country, internal consistency was estimated, obtaining values between 0.55 and 0.79. Discussion and Conclusion: The abbreviated version of the MSLQ will allow to have further understanding of the way in which Argentinian and Uruguayan students self-regulate their learning. This information could prove useful for the design of interventions that promote self-regulated learning processes at a college level. Future research will test the structure hereby obtained, aiming to verify whether its results persist in different academic orientations and countries.
- Published
- 2022
4. Has the Quality of Teaching and Learning Processes Improved as a Result of the Implementation of Quality Assurance Coordinated by the State?
- Author
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De Vincenzi, Ariana, Garau, Andrea, and Guaglianone, Ariadna
- Abstract
Faced with the rapid pace of knowledge expansion, higher education institutions are challenged to raise the efficacy of student education, overcoming the traditionally rigid teaching-centred approach, and shifting the focus instead towards learning, while preparing competent professionals who are able to self-manage knowledge. This paper outlines the impact that quality assurance processes have had on teaching and learning processes from the perspectives of their main stakeholders: students, teachers and academic authorities. The study was carried out in three private higher education institutions of Argentina identified as having introduced certain changes focusing on quality in the education process. Arguably, a higher degree of empowerment of institutional authorities has been noted regarding teaching management and greater attention is being paid to teaching modes; however, the paper concludes that it is still early to ascertain the direct impact that these transformations will have on learning outcomes.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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5. The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative and Quantitative Perspectives. Report of the International Conference on the Changing Academic Profession Project, 2008. RIHE International Seminar Reports. No.12
- Author
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Hiroshima University, Research Institute for Higher Education (Japan)
- Abstract
This year the Research Institute for Higher Education in Hiroshima University hosted an international conference in close collaboration with Hijiyama University. The main purpose of the 2008 conference was to enable the participants to give preliminary country/regional reports based on their national/regional surveys. This publication reports the proceedings of the conference. The following papers are presented at the conference: (1) International Implications of the Changing Academic Profession in Japan (Akira Arimoto); (2) The Context for the Changing Academic Profession: A Survey of International Indicators (William K. Cummings); (3) The Changing Academic Profession in Canada: Exploring Themes of Relevance, Internationalization, and Management (Amy Scott Metcalfe); (4) The Changing Academic Profession in the United States: 2007 (Martin Finkelstein and William Cummings); (5) The Academic Profession in England: Still Stratified after All These Years? (William Locke); (6) Changes in the Finnish Academic Profession Reflect Reforms in Higher Education (Timo Aarrevaara and Seppo Holtta); (7) Academic Staff in Germany: "Per Aspera Ad Astra?" (Ulrich Teichler); (8) The Changing Academic Profession in Italy: Accounts from the Past, First Insights from the Present (Michele Rostan); (9) The Australian Academic Profession: A First Overview (Hamish Coates, Leo Goedegebuure, Jeannet Van Der Lee and Lynn Meek); (10) Governance and Decision-Making Related to Academic Activities: The Case of Higher Educational Institutions in Malaysia (Muhammad Jantan and Morshidi Sirat); (11) A Preliminary Review of the Hong Kong CAP Data (Gerard A. Postiglione and Hei Hang Hayes Tang); (12) Progress of the Academic Profession in Mainland China (Hong Chen); (13) Analyses of the Educational Backgrounds and Career Paths of Faculty in Higher Education Institutions in Beijing Municipality, China (Yan Fengqiao and Chen Yuan); (14) The Changing Academic Profession in an Era of University Reform in Japan (Tsukasa Daizen and Atsunori Yamanoi); (15) Brazilian Academic Profession: Some Recent Trends (Elizabeth Balbachevsky, Simon Schwartzman, Nathalia Novaes Alves, Dante Filipe Felgueiras dos Santos, and Tiago Silva Birkhoz Duarte); (16) Mexican Academics at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century: Who Are They and How Do They Perceive Their Work, Institutions and Public Policies (A Preliminary Analysis) (Jesus Francisco Galaz-Fontes, Laura Elena Padilla-Gonzalez, Manuel Gil-Anton, Juan Jose Sevilla-Garcia, Jose Luis Arcos-Vega, Jorge Martinez-Stack, Sergio Martinez-Romo, Gabriel Arturo Sanchez-de-Aparicio-y-Benitez, Leonardo Jimenez-Loza and Maria Elena Barrera-Bustillos); (17) The Academic Profession in Argentina: Characteristics and Trends in the Context of a Mass Higher Education System (Monica Marquina and Norberto Fernandez Lamarra); and (18) The Academic Profession in South Africa in Times of Change: Portrait from the Preliminary Results of the Changing Academic Profession (CAP) Research Project (Charste C. Wolhuter, Philip Higgs, Leonie G. Higgs, and Isaac M. Ntshoe). Appended are: (1) CAP Questionnaire; (2) Conference Program; and (3) List of Participants. Individual papers contain figures, tables, references and footnotes.
- Published
- 2008
6. Towards Understanding EFL Teachers' Conceptions of Research: Findings from Argentina
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Banegas, Darío Luis
- Abstract
This paper investigates the conceptions of research held by English as a foreign language teachers in Argentina. Quantitative data from 622 participants from an online questionnaire were followed by qualitative data from online interviews with 40 of those participants. Results show that the teachers conceptualised research through conventional notions closer to a quantitative paradigm. They felt research was not part of their job, and a lack of time was the main reason for not engaging in/with research. Teacher development, agency, empowerment, and autonomy could be sought by engaging teachers with forms of research which are meaningful to them, such as action research.
- Published
- 2018
7. Music and Its Significance in Children Favourite Audiovisuals
- Author
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Porta, Amparo and Herrera, Lucía
- Abstract
Audiovisual media are part of children's daily life. They build and/or replace a part of the reality that is sometimes preceded. This paper is interested in one of the elements of the audiovisual binomial, the soundtrack, in order to analyse its meaning and sense from the children's point of view. The objectives are: to determine if the audiovisual media clips to which children are exposed (sound, image and all) are perceived differently; to establish the possible differences in the assessment they make when comparing the sound and image presentation modalities. Fourteen audiovisual media (movies, series, cartoons and documentaries) were identified by 115 children (10-12 years old) as preferred. Audiovisuals were edited in three modalities (sound, image, and all) and grouped into different series of three clips, which were watched in group sessions by 547 Spanish and Argentinian children (mean age: 11 years old). An Assessment Questionnaire of audiovisual clips was designed and implemented. Results showed differences in the meaning of the soundtrack in three of the five categories of the questionnaire. The significant predominance of the sound in series, documentaries and, especially, movies is highlighted. Contextual space-time elements, affective implications, feelings, and empathy as well as assessment of the experience are all perceived by means of the sound (the music).
- Published
- 2017
8. The ECO European Project: A New MOOC Dimension Based on an Intercreativity Environment
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Acedo, Sara Osuna and Cano, Lucía Camarero
- Abstract
The ECO European Project funded by the European Commission is dedicated to bringing MOOCs to a new dimension by taking advantage of the new possibilities offered by the Social Web (O'Reilly, 2005). This paper focuses on the intercreative aspects of MOOCs. It takes a look at the characteristics of the new ECO MOOCs to see if they are designed and implemented within an intercreative environment. The methodology is quantitative and data collection was conducted using self-administered questionnaires with closed or semi-closed questions. This study includes the so-called sMOOCs, which stress intercreativity to work towards collective intelligence.
- Published
- 2016
9. Predicting General Academic Performance and Identifying the Differential Contribution of Participating Variables Using Artificial Neural Networks
- Author
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Musso, Mariel F., Kyndt, Eva, Cascallar, Eduardo C., and Dochy, Filip
- Abstract
Many studies have explored the contribution of different factors from diverse theoretical perspectives to the explanation of academic performance. These factors have been identified as having important implications not only for the study of learning processes, but also as tools for improving curriculum designs, tutorial systems, and students' outcomes. Some authors have suggested that traditional statistical methods do not always yield accurate predictions and/or classifications (Everson, 1995; Garson, 1998). This paper explores a relatively new methodological approach for the field of learning and education, but which is widely used in other areas, such as computational sciences, engineering and economics. This study uses cognitive and non-cognitive measures of students, together with background information, in order to design predictive models of student performance using artificial neural networks (ANN). These predictions of performance constitute a true predictive classification of academic performance over time, a year in advance of the actual observed measure of academic performance. A total sample of 864 university students of both genders, ages ranging between 18 and 25 was used. Three neural network models were developed. Two of the models (identifying the top 33% and the lowest 33% groups, respectively) were able to reach 100% correct identification of all students in each of the two groups. The third model (identifying low, mid and high performance levels) reached precisions from 87% to 100% for the three groups. Analyses also explored the predicted outcomes at an individual level, and their correlations with the observed results, as a continuous variable for the whole group of students. Results demonstrate the greater accuracy of the ANN compared to traditional methods such as discriminant analyses. In addition, the ANN provided information on those predictors that best explained the different levels of expected performance. Thus, results have allowed the identification of the specific influence of each pattern of variables on different levels of academic performance, providing a better understanding of the variables with the greatest impact on individual learning processes, and of those factors that best explain these processes for different academic levels.
- Published
- 2013
10. Perceptions of older people about the use of cell phones in Argentina: a contribution from the gerontotechnological perspective.
- Author
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Revollo Sarmiento, Elsa Araceli, Krzemien, Deisy, López Moreno, Maria Celeste, and Vivas, Leticia
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ELDER care ,CROSS-sectional method ,RESEARCH funding ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,STATISTICAL sampling ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,CELL phones ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,OLD age - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe the perceptions that older people in Argentina have about the use of cell phones and to analyze their influence on user behavior. At the same time, it was intended to analyze whether sociodemographic factors influence these perceptions. Design/methodology/approach: The authors conducted a study with a non-experimental, cross-sectional and cross-correlational design; a non-probabilistic sample of 138 intentionally selected older people was chosen. Findings: The frequency and years of cell phone use, as well as the applications used, are influenced by the perceptions that older people have about cell phone use. In addition, it was found that age, gender and socio-educational level determine the perceptions that older people have about cell phone use. Originality/value: This research has implications for interventions aimed at improving older people's functional health. Understanding the perceptions of older people in relation to technology will enable the enhancement of its utility to foster an autonomous lifestyle and social integration in old age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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11. Reliability and Validity of the 'Achievement Emotions Questionnaire': A Study of Argentinean University Students
- Author
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Paoloni, Paola Verónica, Vaja, Arabela Beatriz, and Muñoz, Verónica Lilian
- Abstract
Introduction: This paper aims at describing the psychometric features of the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire (AEQ), focusing specifically on the section that measures class emotions. From a theoretical perspective, this instrument was designed based on the control-value theory of achievement emotions. Therefore, a description of the psychometric features of the questionnaire could pave the way for discussions about the underlying theory. From a practical perspective, it is important to highlight that there is no documented literature in our country about the technical advantages and benefits that the instrument has. Thus, the description of the instrument could represent important contributions to the field. Method: The section of the AEQ that assesses class emotions consists of 80 items grouped into eight scales: enjoyment, hope, pride, anger, anxiety, shame, hopelessness, and boredom. We based the reliability analysis on the responses obtained from a sample of 450 students who attend the School of Engineering at Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (Argentina). For the analysis of content validity, we considered 11 experts' responses to a questionnaire specifically designed to this end. Results: The results obtained indicate acceptable reliability levels both for the use of the questionnaire as a whole and also for the individual use of each scale, except for "hope," for which future analysis and reformulations are needed. The inter-rater reliability test allowed us to confirm the content validity of the instrument, as 80-100% of the raters showed agreement in indicating high or moderate relevance for 79 of the 80 items in the questionnaire. Conclusion: The reliability and validity indices obtained in this study provide evidence to conclude that the Argentinean Spanish version of the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire (AEQe) can be used reliably with groups of students in our context. In addition, the results suggest alternatives that could increase the levels of reliability and validity obtained in this study.
- Published
- 2014
12. International Networking for Sexuality Education: A Politically Sensitive Subject
- Author
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Steinhart, Katharina, von Kaenel, Andreas, Cerruti, Stella, Chequer, Pedro, Gomes, Rebeca, Herlt, Claudia, and Horstick, Olaf
- Abstract
In 2007, six countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay) commenced work on a project to harmonise public policy on school sexuality education (SE) and the prevention of HIV. Inter-sectoral management committees for SE involving ministries of education, ministries of health and civil society were established, national policies and work plans were formulated and implemented, and SE/HIV prevention activities were carried out. The strengths and weaknesses of implementation were assessed. After this, the beginnings of a community of practice were created, with national focal points. This paper analyses the above process using qualitative data generated through semi-structured questionnaires and interviews, with a focus on the perceived contribution of regional collaboration to the development of national policies, national curricula and implementation. Overall, the initiative reached 83,000 teachers and 1,500,000 pupils. Training materials and national curricula and policies were developed, introduced and implemented. Regional collaboration improved political institutionalisation, information exchange, inter-sectoral collaboration, civil society participation, programme legitimacy and the perception of SE as a young person's right. The initiative offers a model for other countries, with regional collaboration helping to establish the case for SE both normatively and institutionally at the political level, mitigate obstacles in the context of such a politically sensitive topic as SE and provide a forum for discussion and the exchange of information which in turn helped legitimise and operationalise national SE policies.
- Published
- 2013
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13. Attitudes and Representations of Spanish and the Spread of the Language Industries in Brazil
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Bugel, Talia and Santos, Helade Scutti
- Abstract
This paper analyzes the context of Spanish language teaching in Brazil. We examine the representations of and attitudes toward Rioplatense/Argentinean Spanish and Peninsular Spanish--and toward the speakers of each of these varieties--held by Brazilian learners of Spanish as a foreign language. To provide the context in which Spanish learning takes place in Brazil, we report on the changes that the teaching of Spanish language has undergone since the 1990s in that country. We used two complementary research methodologies--matched guise and open questionnaires--to measure the representations and attitudes of learners taking Spanish classes in the state of Sao Paulo. Findings suggest that attitudes were impacted primarily by the sounds characterizing each different language variety. From there the participants moved toward their representations of the people and their nationalities. Based on these findings, we propose changes in the treatment of linguistic varieties in the classroom.
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- 2010
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14. 'Who Is It that Can Tell Me Who I Am?' The Quest for Ethnicity in the Anglo Communities of Buenos Aires.
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Cortes-Conde, Florencia
- Abstract
Examines discourse on the communal identity that accompanies language shift processes, focusing on an Anglo-Argentine population. A questionnaire was administered to this population concerning what makes an Anglo-Argentine different from either of its perceived component identities. (VWL)
- Published
- 2003
15. Alcances pedagógicos del uso de métodos "mixtos" en investigación: La noción de "ciencia" y la reestructuración representacional.
- Author
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Cecilia Genovesi, Mariela
- Subjects
LEARNING ,ACQUISITION of data ,OPEN-ended questions ,AFFECT (Psychology) ,QUESTIONNAIRES - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Metodología de las Ciencias Sociales is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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16. Using Multicontext Approach to Improve Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Performance after a Stroke: A Case Report.
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Nagelkop, Nicole Denise, Rosselló, Milagros, Aranguren, Isabel, Lado, Vanina, Ron, Melania, and Toglia, Joan
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OCCUPATIONAL therapy needs assessment ,REHABILITATION centers ,FUNCTIONAL status ,ACTIVITIES of daily living ,PATIENT satisfaction ,MEDICAL care ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,COGNITIVE rehabilitation ,SELF-consciousness (Awareness) ,NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,STROKE rehabilitation ,BODY movement ,STROKE patients ,VERBAL behavior ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,HEMIPLEGIA ,HEALTH self-care - Abstract
Cognitive deficits constitute one of the greatest challenges for independence achievement after a stroke. This paper provides an in depth view of the application of the Multicontext approach within routine Occupational Therapy care for a 41-year-old who demonstrated limited participation in activities of daily living as a consequence of executive function impairments and limited self-awareness. Results indicated improved online self-awareness, strategy use and functional performance, however, no changes were observed on a standard Awareness Questionnaire. This suggests that awareness within activities may be more important in contributing to effective strategy use and functional performance compared to verbal acknowledgment in an interview. Results also support the feasibility of the Multicontext approach within inpatient settings in Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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17. End-of-life Decision-making and Religious Beliefs: Opinions and Attitudes towards Death and Euthanasia in Argentina.
- Author
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Cruz Esquivel, Juan and Irrazábal, Gabriela
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ATTITUDES toward death ,EUTHANASIA ,ATTITUDES toward religion ,RELIGIOUS identity ,WILL of God - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Bioética is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Bioetica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Is social support beneficial after a breakup? A moderation model of social support, depression, emotional volatility and gender for college students during COVID-19.
- Author
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Wang, Qianyi, Rice, Kenneth G., Arana, Fernán G., Wetstone, Hannah, and Bunker, Benson
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CROSS-sectional method ,DATA analysis ,SEX distribution ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,EMOTIONS ,LONGITUDINAL method ,STATISTICS ,SOCIAL support ,PSYCHOLOGY of college students ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,MENTAL depression ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The current study focused on those who had recently experienced a relationship breakup, which add extra stressors to college students who have already suffered from negative influences of COVID-19. Social support could act as a coping resource to alleviate the negative consequences of breakup and COVID-19 on mental health. Although social support has long been found to have a protective role on mental health, several studies indicated that social support could have differential effects, and even harmful effects on people with high negative emotionality. To understand the roles social support play, we used a longitudinal design to study potential moderators (negative emotionality [or neuroticism] and gender) in the relationship between social support and depression. For students who experienced a relational disruption, our research questions were (1) what are the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between social support and depression before and during COVID-19, and (2) are these relationships moderated by negative emotionality and gender? Participants 361 students (M
age = 23.3, 64% female) from Argentina and the USA who had experienced recent relationship breakups. Participants completed pre-pandemic questionnaires, and were followed up on depression level six months later, after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results indicated that social support and negative emotionality were significantly related to concurrent depression. Pre-pandemic social support showed a weak correlation with depression levels during COVID-19. Negative emotionality and gender were not significant moderators in both the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations. Results supported the concurrent effects of social support on depression and indicated the potential value of targeting social support during COVID-19. The study also offered several directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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19. LUOU "Estar Tranquilo": Using a Life-course Approach to Explore Perceptions of Well-being among Older Adults in Curicó, Chile.
- Author
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Salazar-Norambuena, Carola
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PSYCHOLOGICAL aspects of aging ,PUBLIC housing ,INDEPENDENT living ,LONG-term health care ,RESIDENTIAL patterns ,INTERVIEWING ,SOCIOECONOMIC status ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,POPULATION geography ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,THEMATIC analysis ,LIFE course approach ,SENIOR housing ,COMPARATIVE studies ,PENSIONS ,SOCIAL support ,HEALTH equity ,DATA analysis software ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,WELL-being ,SOCIAL classes ,OLD age - Abstract
This study assesses perceptions of well-being between two groups of older adults in Curicó, Chile. One group (n=12) were residents of a long-term care center (known as ELEAM), while another group (n=13) were members of two clubs for older adults - Estrellitas del Vaticano (Vatican's Little Stars) and Club Campo Lindo (Beautiful Countryside) - who lived in their own homes. Data collection consisted of lifestory narratives to explore differences in how older adults in different living situations - long-term residential care vs. independent living - define and perceive what it means to be well in older age. Both groups were paired according to the variables of age, educational level, socioeconomic status, and physical status. In this article, I explore how both groups expressed their desire to estar tranquilo or "be peaceful" in their older age; however, each group achieved this state in different ways. ELEAM residents focused on fostering good relationships with fellow residents and maintaining their autonomy. In contrast, club members focused on practicing their religion, maintaining family relationships, and engaging in activities. Although participants shared similar backgrounds and lived through the same historical events (i.e., military dictatorship), their current situations impacted their perceptions of well-being. For individuals to achieve their desired level of well-bing or to estar tranquilo required that they adapt to different living arrangements: club members had to adapt to living without their children, and ELEAM residents to living in an institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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20. Perception of Parenting Style by Children with ADHD and Its Relation with Inattention, Hyperactivity/Impulsivity and Externalizing Symptoms.
- Author
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Molina, María and Musich, Francisco
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ANALYSIS of variance ,ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder ,BEHAVIOR ,CHI-squared test ,CHILD Behavior Checklist ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,STATISTICAL correlation ,PARENT-child relationships ,PARENTING ,PARENTS of children with disabilities ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio ,SYMPTOMS ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Children's perception of their parents' behavior is very important for their adjustment. Raising a child with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can be particularly challenging. However, little is known about how children with ADHD perceive their parents' childrearing style. The main purpose of this paper is to study how children with ADHD perceive acceptance and control in parent-child relationships and this perception's relationship with inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and externalizing behaviors. Participants were children between 7 and 13 years old with ADHD who were attending psychotherapy (ADHD), children without ADHD who were attending psychotherapy (APG), and children with unknown ADHD status who were not attending psychotherapy (NPG). Furthermore, one parent of each child participated in the study. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that children with ADHD perceived higher levels of pathological control in their relationships with their mothers than did APG and NPG children. NPG children perceived higher extreme autonomy than ADHD and APG children. Linear regression analyses revealed that the perception of pathological parental control and extreme autonomy predicted externalizing symptoms in children with ADHD. The perception of maternal acceptance and pathological control predicted inattention in APG children. Also, perceived maternal pathological control and perceived paternal acceptance predicted externalizing symptoms in APG children. Thus, these results show the importance of taking into account children's perception of their relationships with their parents in addition to parental reports of their own behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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21. CONTRIBUCIÓN DEL OCIO PARA LA SUSTENTABILIDAD Y LOS DESAFÍOS AMBIENTALES DEL PRESENTE.
- Author
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Elizalde, Rodrigo, Gomes, Christianne L., Bahia, Mirleide C., and Lacerda, Leonardo L. L.
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SUSTAINABILITY ,SENSORY perception ,LEISURE ,QUESTIONNAIRES - Abstract
Copyright of Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo is the property of Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Turisticos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
22. Prescribing style and variation in antibiotic prescriptions for sore throat: cross-sectional study across six countries.
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Cordoba, Gloria, Siersma, Volkert, Lopez-Valcarcel, Beatriz, Bjerrum, Lars, Llor, Carl, Aabenhus, Rune, and Makela, Marjukka
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STREPTOCOCCAL disease diagnosis ,AGE distribution ,ANTIBIOTICS ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DRUG prescribing ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL records ,PHARYNGITIS ,POPULATION geography ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SEX distribution ,PHYSICIAN practice patterns ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,CROSS-sectional method ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio - Abstract
Background: Variation in prescription of antibiotics in primary care can indicate poor clinical practice that contributes to the increase of resistant strains. General Practitioners (GPs), as a professional group, are expected to have a fairly homogeneous prescribing style. In this paper, we describe variation in prescribing style within and across groups of GPs from six countries. Methods: Cross-sectional study with the inclusion of 457 GPs and 6394 sore throat patients. We describe variation in prescribing antibiotics for sore throat patients across six countries and assess whether variation in “prescribing style” - understood as a subjective tendency to prescribe - has an important effect on variation in prescription of antibiotics by using the concept of prescribing style as a latent variable in a multivariable model. We report variation as a Median Odds Ratio (MOR) which is the transformation of the random effect variance onto an odds ratio; Thus, MOR = 1 means similar odds or strict homogeneity between GPs' prescribing style, while a MOR higher than 1 denotes heterogeneity in prescribing style. Results: In all countries some GPs always prescribed antibiotics to all their patients, while other GPs never did. After adjusting for patient and GP characteristics, prescribing style in the group of GPs from Russia was about three times more heterogeneous than the prescribing style in the group of GPs from Denmark - Median Odds Ratio (6.8, 95% CI 3.1;8.8) and (2.6, 95% CI 2.2;4.4) respectively. Conclusion: Prescribing style is an important source of variation in prescription of antibiotics within and across countries, even after adjusting for patient and GP characteristics. Interventions aimed at influencing the prescribing style of GPs must encompass context-specific actions at the policy-making level alongside GP-targeted interventions to enable GPs to react more objectively to the external demands that are in place when making the decision of prescribing antibiotics or not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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23. The retest reliability of nicotine dependence measures.
- Author
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DiFranza, Joseph R., Morello, Paola, and Gershenson, Bernice
- Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of drug addictions ,ANALYSIS of variance ,STATISTICAL correlation ,RESEARCH methodology ,NICOTINE ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SMOKING ,STATISTICS ,SURVEYS ,RESEARCH methodology evaluation ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Aim: As reliable instruments are needed for longitudinal research on the development of nicotine addiction, we evaluated the test-retest reliability of eight survey measures (three scales and five individual item measures). Methods: A paper survey was administered to convenience samples of adolescents in two schools and adults in five workplaces in Argentina and re-administered 1-2 weeks later. Test-retest reliability was assessed with Pearson correlations for continuous measures and kappa statistics for dichotomous measures. Results: Both surveys were completed by 95 adolescent and 88 adult smokers. The modified Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire ( r == 0.88-0.91), the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist ( r == 0.85-0.91), the Autonomy Over Smoking Scale (0.91-0.96) and items assessing latency to needing a cigarette ( r == 0.85-0.94), the pleasure obtained from smoking ( r == 0.84-0.94), and relaxation obtained from the first cigarette (κ == 0.63-0.67), all showed very good to excellent reliability in both populations. Items assessing experiencing the need to smoke more often than previously and the percent of time smoking because of need appear to be more reliable with adolescents (κ == 0.52 and r == 0.76, respectively) than with adults ( κ == 0.32 and r == 0.51, respectively). Conclusions: This is the first study to simultaneously compare the reliability of multiple smoking measures within individual adolescent and adult smokers. All the eight measures showed adequate reliability for use in longitudinal studies with adolescents and all but one were adequate for use with adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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24. Impact of a teacher-training MOOC on the Pedagogy of Death during the pandemic.
- Author
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Rodríguez Herrero, Pablo, de la Herrán Gascón, Agustín, and García Sempere, Pablo
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MASSIVE open online courses ,COLLEGE teacher attitudes ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,THANATOLOGY ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,COVID-19 pandemic ,ATTITUDES toward death - Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a MOOC on the attitudes of preservice and in-service teachers toward education on death. The study adopted a pre- and post-test design. Participants (N=139) answered the Death Education Attitudes Scale-Teachers (DEAS-T) questionnaire at the beginning and end of the course. The results confirmed significant differences between the pre- and post-course applications in the three scale factors--need for training in the Pedagogy of Death, inclusion of death in education, and educational awareness of death. Open-access, free, mass training through a MOOC could have a positive impact on attitudes toward death education among both pre- and in-service teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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25. Examination of the latent structure of the Ruminative Thoughts Style Questionnaire across countries, gender, and over time.
- Author
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Vidal-Arenas, Verónica, Ibáñez, Manuel I., Ortet-Walker, Jordi, Ortet, Generós, Mezquita, Laura, Cross-cultural Addictions Study Team, Bravo, Adrian J., Henson, James M., Pearson, Matthew R., Pilatti, Angelina, Prince, Mark A., Read, Jennifer P., Roozen, Hendrik G., and Ruiz, Paul
- Subjects
RUMINATION (Cognition) ,CONFIRMATORY factor analysis ,SPANIARDS ,FACTOR structure ,QUESTIONNAIRES - Abstract
The present work aimed to extend the evidence of the structure validity of the Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire (RTSQ) 15-item version testing: (1) the structure of two competing models (i.e., four-factor correlated model vs a second-order factor model); (2) the measurement invariance of the final model across four countries (U.S., Spain, Argentina, and the Netherlands) and gender groups (male and female); and (3) the invariance across three assessment waves in a subsample of Spanish youths. Participants were college students (mean age = 20.87, SD = 4.47) from the U.S. (n = 1875; 67.1% of females), Spain (T1, n = 732, 63.9% females; T2, n = 370, 71.6% females: T3, n = 307, 60.6% females), Argentina (n = 368, 65.6% females) and the Netherlands (n = 295, 74.8% females). Confirmatory Factor Analyses supported both correlated factors and second-order factor structure in the whole sample. Due to similar fit indices being observed for both models, and considering the theoretical and practical advantages, we kept the second-order model to examine its invariance across groups and time. Measurement invariance analyses showed that the second-order model was invariant across countries, gender, and over time. Comparisons of the total mean score and the subfacet mean scores (i.e., Repetitive Thoughts, Counterfactual Thoughts, Problem-focused Thoughts, and Anticipatory Thoughts) reveled only small differences across country and gender groups. The present work extends the structural validity evidence of the RTSQ, and provides the first evidence concerning its longitudinal stability across time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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26. COMPARABILITY AND EQUIVALENCE IN SOCIAL RESEARCH.
- Author
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Piovani, Juan Ignacio and Baranger, Denis
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SOCIAL science research ,SOCIAL status ,SOCIAL comparison ,SCIENTIFIC language ,QUESTIONNAIRES - Abstract
Copyright of Sociologia & Antropologia is the property of Sociologia & Antropologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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27. Respect for human rights as a component of organisational well-being: factor structure analysis in three countries of Latin America.
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Aviles Gonzalez, Cesar Ivan, Galletta, Maura, Cerchiaro Fernandez, Doris Marina, Guerra Muñoz, Martha Esther, Abarca Arias, Yessika Madelaine, Brasesco, Maria Veronica, Atzeni, Michela, Romano, Ferdinando, and Primavera, Diego
- Subjects
WELL-being ,MENTAL health personnel ,MEDICAL quality control ,HUMAN rights ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,FACTOR analysis ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,JOB satisfaction ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESPECT ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,CORPORATE culture ,HEALTH care rationing ,MEDICAL needs assessment - Abstract
People with psychosocial disabilities are often discriminated against and experience violations of their human rights. With the QualityRights program, World Health Organisation highlights that one of element founding the quality of services is the respect for users' rights, in the belief that there is no quality of care without respect for human rights and vice versa. To date, studies explored the issue mainly in Europe. In this sense, the purpose of the study is to verify if the perception of respect for patients' rights is a component of organisational well-being for mental health workers in three countries of Latin America (Argentina, Colombia, Peru). A random sample representative of professionals working in three mental healthcare networks in Argentina, Colombia, and Peru was enrolled (n = 310). Each health worker completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic data and the Well-Being at work and respect for human rights (WWRR). The WWRR consists of seven items on satisfaction at work, beliefs about users' satisfaction in received care, the satisfaction of work's organisation, respect of users' and staff's human rights, adequacy of resources, and perceived needs of resources in the mental health service. The principal components analysis of the instrument was carried out with Varimax rotation and Kaiser normalisation (including all components with Eigen value > 1). The total explained variance was 67.2%. Item 6 saturated in one single factor, and the first five items saturated in factor 1 with factor loadings ranging from 0.52 to 0.86. Parallel test suggested a one-factor structure as acceptable. The results show in three countries of Latin America that the more workers perceive that the human rights of users are respected, the more satisfied they are of own work. This article confirms previous observations in Italy, North Macedonia, Tunisia and Palestine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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28. Social Skills Questionnaire for Argentinean College Students (SSQ-U) Development and Validation.
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Morán, Valeria E., Olaz, Fabián O., and Del Prette, Zilda A. P.
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- *
QUESTIONNAIRES , *COLLEGE students , *SOCIAL skills , *PSYCHOMETRICS , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges , *INTERPERSONAL relations - Abstract
In this paper we present a new instrument called Social Skills Questionnaire for Argentinean College Students (SSQ-U). Based on the adapted version of the Social Skills Inventory - Del Prette (SSI-Del Prette) (Olaz, Medrano, Greco, & Del Prette, 2009), we wrote new items for the scale, and carried out psychometric analysis to assess the validity and reliability of the instrument. In the first study, we collected evidence based on test content through expert judges who evaluated the quality and the relevance of the items. In the second and third studies, we provided validity evidence based on the internal structure of the instrument using exploratory (n = 1067) and confirmatory (n = 661) factor analysis. Results suggested a five-factor structure consistent with the dimensions of social skills, as proposed by Kelly (2002). The fit indexes corresponding to the obtained model were adequate, and composite reliability coefficients of each factor were excellent (above .75). Finally, in the fourth study, we provided evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. The obtained results allow us to conclude that the SSQ-U is the first valid and reliable instrument for measuring social skills in Argentinean college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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29. The LongSTEP approach: Theoretical framework and intervention protocol for using parent-driven infant-directed singing as resource-oriented music therapy.
- Author
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Gaden, Tora Söderström, Ghetti, Claire, Kvestad, Ingrid, and Gold, Christian
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INFANT development ,NEONATAL intensive care ,CAREGIVERS ,SINGING ,NEONATAL intensive care units ,PARENT-infant relationships ,MUSIC therapy ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,STATISTICAL sampling ,PARENTS - Abstract
Despite medical advances, preterm birth and neonatal intensive care (NICU) hospitalization are demanding and pose risks for infants and parents. Various music therapy (MT) models have suggested parental singing to promote healthy bonding and development in premature infants, but evidence on long-term effects is lacking. We present the theoretical framework and intervention protocol of a resource-oriented MT approach for premature infants and their caregivers used in the international LongSTEP trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03564184). We illustrate how guiding principles manifest in MT sessions, describe frames for phases of intervention, discuss prerequisites and present hypothesized mechanisms of change. The LongSTEP MT approach is resource-oriented, emphasizes parental voice and parent-infant mutual regulation, builds on family-centered care principles, and is relevant in the NICU and beyond. Essential elements include: observation and dialogue on infant and parent needs; voice as the main musical source, with parental voice as the most prominent; active parental participation; modification of music in response to infant states and cues; and integration of the family's culture and music preferences. The music therapist facilitates and supports interaction between parents and infant. Parents learn how to adapt principles in relation to infant development across NICU hospitalization and post-discharge phases. The LongSTEP approach is feasible in culturally diverse countries where consistent parental presence is available, but requires tailoring to local circumstances and culture, particularly in the post-discharge phase. The emphasis on parent-led infant-directed singing places a higher demand on parents than other MT approaches, and requires sufficient psychosocial and musical support for parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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30. A Longitudinal Study on the Changes in Mental Health of Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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López Steinmetz, Lorena Cecilia, Herrera, Carla Romina, Fong, Shao Bing, and Godoy, Juan Carlos
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RESEARCH ,MEDICAL personnel ,MENTAL health ,UNCERTAINTY ,SURVEYS ,T-test (Statistics) ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,JOB performance ,STATISTICAL correlation ,COVID-19 pandemic ,LONGITUDINAL method ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress - Abstract
Objective: This study examines Argentinean health care workers in order to 1) test self-perceived job performance levels and the presence of psychological symptoms compatible with common mental disorders, and 2) examine within-person changes in general discomfort and psychological distress, adjusting for demographic factors, region, and health-related factors during two time points of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This longitudinal study comprised 305 healthcare workers who completed a survey at two time points approximately 4 months apart. We used the General Health Questionnaire and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale to measure mental health outcomes. To address the first aim we calculated differences (Student's t test for paired samples) and correlations (Pearson's r coefficient). To address the second aim we used fixed effects model by means of a multilevel approach, a linear model that considers dependency in the data. Results: Self-perceived job performance deteriorated across time. From the first measurement to the four-month follow-up, more health care workers presented common mental disorders (40% vs 45.57%), depression, and/or anxiety (52.46% vs 62.62%). A meaningful worsening of mental health was observed in healthcare workers who expressed concern about being infected with COVID-19, whether asymptomatic (greater general discomfort and psychological distress) or symptomatic (greater general discomfort). Likewise, there were significant interactions between a history of mental disorder and concern about COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: Among healthcare workers, the uncertainty about the COVID-19 infection may have larger negative mental health impacts than actually being infected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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31. The Inflammatory Potential of Diet is Associated with Breast Cancer Risk in Urban Argentina: A Multilevel Analysis.
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Niclis, Camila, Shivappa, Nitin, Hébert, James R., Tumas, Natalia, and Díaz, María del Pilar
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INFLAMMATION ,BREAST tumor risk factors ,FOOD habits ,OBESITY ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,RURAL conditions ,AGE distribution ,DIET ,INGESTION ,WOMEN ,MENARCHE ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,METROPOLITAN areas ,BODY mass index ,SMOKING ,ODDS ratio ,STATISTICAL models ,DATA analysis software ,WOMEN'S health ,FAMILY history (Medicine) - Abstract
Dietary patterns have been associated with breast cancer (BC) in Argentina. However, little evidence exists relating the inflammatory potential of diet and BC in Latin American countries and how this may relate to rurality. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII
® ) and BC considering urbanization contexts in Córdoba, Argentina. A frequency-matched case-control study (317 BC cases, 526 controls) was conducted from 2008 through 2016. DII scores were computed based on dietary intake assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Multi-level logistic regression models were fit to evaluate the association between DII and BC, following adjustment for age, body mass index, age at menarche, number of children, smoking habits, socio-economic status and family history of BC as first-level covariates and urbanization level as the contextual variable. Increasing DII score showed significant positive associations with BC risk (ORtertile3vs.tertile1 1.34; 95%CI 1.05, 1.70). The association was stronger in overweight and obese women (ORtertile3vs.tertile1 1.98; 95%CI 1.86, 2.10). The DII effect on BC was higher with increased urbanization. A pro-inflammatory diet, reflected by higher DII scores, was positively associated with BC, especially in overweight women and with increased urbanization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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32. A public–private collaborative model for a trauma program implementation: findings from a prospective trauma registry at 14 hospitals in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Author
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Monteverde, Ezequiel, Santero, Marilina, Bosque, Laura, Lartigue, Betina, Tenaillon, Carlos, Baliña, Joaquín, Gutiérrez, Vicente, and Neira, Jorge
- Subjects
REPORTING of diseases ,MATHEMATICAL models ,RESEARCH methodology ,PRIVATE sector ,HUMAN services programs ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,PUBLIC sector ,THEORY ,PUBLIC hospitals ,QUALITY assurance ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,WOUNDS & injuries ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Introduction: Trauma is a leading cause of mortality and comprises an important cause of functional impairment among young people worldwide. The trauma registry (TR) is an integral component of modern comprehensive trauma care systems. Nevertheless, TRs have not been yet established in most developing countries. The objective of this study was to summarize the challenges, results, and lessons learned from a trauma program including initial results from a TR at tertiary-care public hospitals of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Material and methods: This is a descriptive study of the implementation of a trauma program in 14 hospitals and analysis of the initial results in the period between January 2010 and December 2018, using data from Fundación Trauma TR. Patients fitting injury definition that remained in hospital for more than 23 h were included. Injured patients were divided by age groups. Data on patients' demographics, mechanism of injury and severity, complications, treatments, and in-hospital mortality were analyzed between groups. A descriptive analysis is presented. Results: There were 29,970 trauma cases during the study period. Median age was 23 years (RIC 12, 39) with a 2.4:1 male-to-female ratio. Road traffic injuries (RTI) were the leading mechanism (30.8%) of admission and head was the most frequently injured body region (33.2%). Two-thirds of RTIs were motorcycle-related. Overall in-hospital mortality was 6.1%. Intentional self-harm in adult males and burns in adult females had the highest mortality rates (17.6% and 17.9%, respectively). Conclusions and discussion: The implementation of a trauma program within a public–private collaborative program in a resource-limited environment is feasible. The hospital-based TR can be used as a tool for injury surveillance, monitoring of the quality of trauma care, development of a trauma system, and to guide public health policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Translation and Validation of the Spanish Version of the Spiritual Care Competence Questionnaire (SCCQ).
- Author
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Pastrana, Tania, Frick, Eckhard, Krikorian, Alicia, Ascencio, Leticia, Galeazzi, Florencia, and Büssing, Arndt
- Subjects
NATIONAL competency-based educational tests ,RESEARCH evaluation ,SPIRITUALITY ,RESEARCH methodology evaluation ,PROFESSIONAL employee training ,SPANISH language ,SELF-consciousness (Awareness) ,CLINICAL competence ,FACTOR analysis ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SPIRITUAL care (Medical care) - Abstract
We aimed to validate the Spanish version of the Spiritual Care Competence Questionnaire (SCCQ) in a sample of 791 health care professionals from Spanish speaking countries coming principally from Argentina, Colombia, Mexico and Spain. Exploratory factor analysis pointed to six factors with good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.71 to 0.90), which are in line with the factors of the primary version of the SCCQ. Conversation competences and Perception of spiritual needs competences scored highest, and Documentation competences and Team spirit the lowest, Empowerment competences and Spiritual self-awareness competences in-between. The Spanish Version of the SCCQ can be used for assessment of spiritual care competencies, planning of educational activities and for comparisons as well as monitoring/follow-up after implementation of improvement strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Employment status monitoring in an Argentinian population of patients with multiple sclerosis: Particularities of a developing country.
- Author
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Vanotti, S., Eizaguirre, M.B., Ciufia, N.P., Yastremiz, C.M., Roman, M.S., Canyazo, C. Martinez, Alonso, R., Garcea, O., Benedict, R.H.B., and Caceres, F.
- Subjects
DISEASE risk factors ,MULTIPLE sclerosis ,COGNITION disorders ,MEMORY ,STUTTERING ,EMPLOYMENT of people with disabilities ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,FUNCTIONAL status ,HEALTH status indicators ,T-test (Statistics) ,EMPLOYMENT ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,MENTAL depression ,QUALITY of life ,RESEARCH funding ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DEVELOPING countries ,JOB performance ,FATIGUE (Physiology) ,STATISTICAL sampling ,DATA analysis software ,MENTAL illness - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological chronic disease that causes a number of physical, cognitive and emotional symptoms. The identification of these factors will allow mitigating unemployment and improve quality of life of patients. The Buffalo Vocational Monitoring Survey (BVMS) is a tool to characterize Work-Challenged patients. OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze BVMS data in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) from Argentina. To study the association with physical, cognitive and psychiatric morbidity in employed patients, comparing the performance of MS Work-Challenged and MS Work-Stable patients, with and without accommodations. METHODS: 119 MS patients were administered the Argentina adaptation of the BVMS, and completed measures of physical disability, fatigue, depression, cognitive processing speed, memory and verbal fluency. RESULTS: 65.54% of the patients were employed and 19.32% were unemployed, the remaining having roles of housewife, students and disability retirees. Within the employed subgroup, 60.26% were working as employees and 39.74% were self-employed. Cognitive and clinical variables differentiate patients with and without negative events and accommodations (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This Spanish version BVMS is considered a new tool to monitor employment difficulties in Spanish-speaking MS patients. MS Work-Challenged had a higher depression, fatigue and worse performance in cognitive variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Child and adolescent psychiatry training in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Chile: current panorama and future challenges.
- Author
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Scivoletto, Sandra, Fondello, Marina A., Otoch, Luara N., Celeri, Eloisa H. R. Valler, Caetano, Sheila C., Graeff-Martins, Ana Soledade, Rosario, Maria Conceição, Pallia, Roberto, Gutiérrez, Adriana, Valdivia, Mario, Viola, Laura, and Polanczyk, Guilherme V.
- Subjects
ADOLESCENT psychiatry ,CHILD psychiatry ,COMMUNICATION ,INTERNSHIP programs ,RESEARCH methodology ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,JOB performance ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,HUMAN services programs ,COURSE evaluation (Education) ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,PSYCHOEDUCATION - Abstract
Mental disorders affect approximately 10–15% of children and adolescents worldwide. In South America these numbers are probably higher due to poverty and adverse life events that frequently affect this region. The availability of qualified services and well-trained professionals to care for those children are by far insufficient. The aim of this study was to assess and describe child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) training in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Chile, to support the development and strengthen training standards. The coordinators of CAP residency programs in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Chile were invited to answer an online questionnaire about the characteristics of their training programs. Twelve programs from Brazil, three programs from Chile, two from Argentina, and one from Uruguay completed the questionnaires. In the last three countries, CAP is recognized as an independent specialty, while in Brazil it is considered a subspecialty of psychiatry. None of the countries have a national guideline for CAP residency training. Recently, there has been an increase in the number of professionals interested in pursuing a formal CAP training. This is the first study aiming to evaluate the current scenario of CAP training in South America. The results point to a great potential in the evaluated programs, but also to the need for homogeneous criteria for CAP training and evaluation of residents. A more efficient communication among programs would be an enriching strategy for their development, which may be facilitated by the results of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Negative marijuana‐related consequences among college students in five countries: measurement invariance of the Brief Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire.
- Author
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Bravo, Adrian J., Pearson, Matthew R., Pilatti, Angelina, and Mezquita, Laura
- Subjects
CANNABIS (Genus) ,PSYCHOLOGY of college students ,CULTURE ,FRIENDSHIP ,SENSORY perception ,POPULATION geography ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH evaluation ,RISK assessment ,SEX distribution ,SOCIAL norms ,SUBSTANCE abuse ,RESEARCH methodology evaluation ,PSYCHOLOGY of drug abusers - Abstract
Background and aims: The 21‐item Brief Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire (B‐MACQ) has been shown to be a valid measure to assess negative marijuana‐related consequences among US college students. The present study aimed to: (a) examine measurement invariance of the B‐MACQ among college student marijuana users in five countries, (b) evaluate latent mean differences on the B‐MACQ as a function of sex and country if invariance is met and (c) compare criterion‐related validity across different countries and sex. Design Instrumental study. Setting: Argentina, the Netherlands, Spain, Uruguay and United States. Participants: A subsample of last‐month marijuana users who completed the B‐MACQ (n = 1145; 62.9% female). Measurements The B‐MACQ, several dimensions of marijuana use and perceptions of marijuana use. Findings Results supported configural and scalar invariance (all ΔCFI/TLI ≤ 0.01; ΔRMSEA ≤ 0.015) of a 20‐item B‐MACQ across sex and four countries (the Netherlands being the exception). In examining latent mean differences, Spanish students reported a higher number of consequences than US (P < 0.001) and Argentinian students (P = 0.003). In examining criterion‐related validity, marijuana use indicators (0.01 < rs < 0.64), descriptive norms (0.04 < rs < 0.49) and injunctive norms for best friend (0.06 < rs < 0.28) largely had small‐to‐moderate positive correlations with negative marijuana‐related consequences. Conclusions: The 20‐item B‐MACQ accurately assesses marijuana‐related negative consequences among male and female college student marijuana users across the United States, Argentina, Spain and Uruguay. The B‐MACQ could be used effectively to identify marijuana‐related consequences in college students from different countries or cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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37. Genetic Variations of OPRM1, OPRK1, and COMT Genes and Their Possible Associations with Oral Pain in a Population from Argentina.
- Author
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Raggio, María Celeste, González, Rebeca, Hohl, Diana María, Glesmann, Laura Angela, and Catanesi, Cecilia Inés
- Subjects
DNA analysis ,ELECTROPHORESIS ,FACIAL pain ,GENES ,GENETIC polymorphisms ,POLYMERASE chain reaction ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,PHENOTYPES - Abstract
Aims: To analyze in a population from Argentina the variation of three genes involved in the control of pain pathways-two genes that code for opioid receptors (OPRM1 and OPRK1) and COMT, which codes for an important enzyme in the control of neurotransmission-and to evaluate the associations of these genes with oral pain and the need for analgesics in the population under study. Methods: A total of 134 volunteer donors from the city of Resistencia and 27 donors from the Wichí community for comparison were analyzed for 13 single nucelotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 1 insertion/deletion (Indel) localized in the three genes using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism or standard PCR and electrophoresis. All 134 individuals from Resistencia provided biologic samples for DNA analysis, and a subset (n = 81) agreed to answer a questionnaire for an association analysis. Statistical tests for a possible association between genetic variation and self-reported ethnic origin, oral pain, and need for analgesic drugs were performed. Results: Significant differences were found when the study population was compared to populations from other continents, as well as between the two studied populations (P < .05). A positive association was suggested for the COMT gene from Resistencia with both oral pain intensity and analgesic requirements. Conclusion: The admixture process that occurred in the past of Resistencia probably contributed to a genetic differentiation in this population, and this genetic variation might influence phenotypic expressions of pain perception and analgesic requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Proinflammatory Dietary Intake is Associated with Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Results of a Case-Control Study in Argentina Using a Multilevel Modeling Approach.
- Author
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Niclis, Camila, Pou, Sonia A., Shivappa, Nitin, Hébert, James R., Steck, Susan E., and Díaz, María del Pilar
- Subjects
RECTUM tumors ,COLON tumors ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DIET ,INFLAMMATION ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SEX distribution ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,SAMPLE size (Statistics) ,CASE-control method ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio ,TUMOR risk factors ,CANCER risk factors - Abstract
Little evidence regarding the inflammatory potential of diet and its effect on colorectal cancer exists in Latin American countries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in Córdoba, Argentina. A frequency-matched case-control study (N = 446, including 144 (32.3%) CRC cases and 302 (67.7%) controls was conducted in Córdoba (Argentina) from 2008 through 2015. DII® scores were computed based on dietary intake assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Multilevel logistic regression models were fit to evaluate the association between DII scores and CRC, following adjustment for age, body mass index, sex, energy intake, smoking habits, socio-economic status, physical activity, and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as first-level covariates and level of urbanization as the contextual variable. Odds of colorectal cancer increased linearly with increasing DII scores (OR
continuous 1.34; 95%CI 1.07 to 1.69 and ORtertile3 vs. tertile1 1.21; 95%CI 1.01 to 1.44). The association was stronger among men than women (ORcontinuous 1.29; 95%CI 1.21 to 1.37 vs. ORcontinuous 1.05; 95%CI 0.83 to 1.33, respectively). A proinflammatory diet, reflected by higher DII scores, was positively associated with colorectal cancer occurrence, mainly in men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Estimating prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Southern Cone of Latin America: how different spirometric criteria may affect disease burden and health policies.
- Author
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Sobrino, Edgardo, Irazola, Vilma E., Gutierrez, Laura, Chung-Shiuan Chen, Lanas, Fernando, Calandrelli, Matías, Ponzo, Jacqueline, Mores, Nora, Serón, Pamela, Allison Lee, Jiang He, Rubinstein, Adolfo L., Chen, Chung-Shiuan, Lee, Allison, and He, Jiang
- Subjects
OBSTRUCTIVE lung disease diagnosis ,DISEASE prevalence ,SPIROMETRY ,LUNG diseases ,DISEASE risk factors ,AGE distribution ,ECONOMIC aspects of diseases ,OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,MEDICAL needs assessment ,HEALTH policy ,PREVENTIVE health services ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,SEX distribution ,SEVERITY of illness index - Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. The study aimed to determine and compare the prevalence of COPD in the general population aged 45-74 years old according to fixed ratio and lower limit of normal (LLN) thresholds in four cities in the Southern Cone of Latin America.Methods: The Pulmonary Risk in South America (PRISA) study used a 4-stage stratified sampling method to select 5814 participants from 4 cities in the Southern Cone of Latin America (Bariloche and Marcos Paz, Argentina; Temuco, Chile; and Pando-Barros Blancos, Uruguay). Data on demographic information, medical history, risk factors, pre-bronchodilator and post-bronchodilator spirometry were obtained using a standard protocol. According to GOLD, COPD was defined as a post-bronchodilator ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) over forced vital capacity (FVC) less than 70%. The LLN threshold was defined as the lower fifth percentile for predicted FEV1/FVC, and was evaluated as an alternative COPD definition.Results: Overall COPD prevalence was 9.3% (95% CI 8.4, 10.2%), and men had a higher prevalence [11.8% (95% CI 10.3, 13.3%)] than women [7.3% (95% CI 6.2, 8.3%)] with the fixed ratio. Overall COPD prevalence using LLN was 4.7% (95% CI 4.1, 5.3%), higher in men: 5.8% (95% CI 4.7, 6.8%) than women: 3.9% (95% CI 3.1, 4.7%). COPD prevalence was significantly higher among those who were older, hadConclusions: First, COPD and its risk factors are highly prevalent in the general population of Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay. Second, the prevalence of COPD by LLN criterion was significantly lower with lesser degrees of severity compared to fixed ratio of FEV1/FVC. Implementing LLN criterion instead of fixed ratio of FEV1/FVC may reduce the risk of over-diagnosis of COPD, although further prognostic studies of COPD adverse outcomes should be conducted using both definitions. Third, these data suggest that national efforts on the prevention, treatment, and control of COPD should be a public health priority in the Southern Cone of Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] - Published
- 2017
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40. Implementation and uptake of the Conexiones y Opciones en la Argentina intervention: feasibility and acceptability.
- Author
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Jones, Deborah L., Lucas, Mar, Arístegui, Inés, Bordato, Alejandra, Fernandez-Cabanillas, Graciela, Zalazar, Virginia, Sued, Omar, Cecchini, Diego, Cassetti, Isabel, Cahn, Pedro, Bofill, Lina, and Weiss, Stephen M.
- Subjects
HIV infections ,THERAPEUTICS ,COMMUNICATION ,FOCUS groups ,HEALTH ,HIV-positive persons ,INTERVIEWING ,MEDICAL personnel ,PATIENT compliance ,PATIENT satisfaction ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,INFORMATION resources ,QUALITATIVE research ,PILOT projects ,QUANTITATIVE research ,SOCIAL support ,MOTIVATIONAL interviewing ,VISUAL analog scale ,HUMAN services programs ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Challenging HIV-infected patients, those neither adherent nor actively engaged in care, represent an important opportunity for intervention if the HIV epidemic is to be contained. This pilot study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of an adapted patient adherence intervention and a motivational interview-based provider intervention in urban Buenos Aires, Argentina, in order to optimize health benefits in challenging HIV-infected patients. To maximize implementation and uptake of both strategies, interventions were adapted to the local setting. Qualitative data and a short quantitative assessment from patients, staff, fellows, residents and physicians (n = 84) were examined to establish the feasibility and acceptability of offering patient and provider evidencebased interventions in both public and private health-care settings. Results identified key themes on provision of information, use of specialized communication techniques and group support in the utilization of the interventions. Both providers (n = 12) and patients (n = 120) endorsed the acceptability and value of the interventions, and the feasibility of their delivery. Findings support the use of both intervention modalities with challenging patients in diverse urban health-care settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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41. Smoking Patterns and Receipt of Cessation Services Among Pregnant Women in Argentina and Uruguay.
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Berrueta, Mabel, Morello, Paola, Alemán, Alicia, Tong, Van T., Johnson, Carolyn, Dietz, Patricia M., Farr, Sherry L., Mazzoni, Agustina, Colomar, Mercedes, Ciganda, Alvaro, Llambi, Laura, Becú, Ana, Gibbons, Luz, Smith, Ruben A., Buekens, Pierre, Belizán, Jose M., and Althabe, Fernando
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CIGARETTE smokers ,SMOKING cessation ,PREGNANT women ,TOBACCO use ,COTININE ,TREATMENT of pregnancy complications ,SUBSTANCE abuse treatment ,COMPARATIVE studies ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,PREGNANCY complications ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH funding ,SUBSTANCE abuse ,EVALUATION research - Abstract
Introduction: The 5A's (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange) strategy, a best-practice approach for cessation counseling, has been widely implemented in high-income countries for pregnant women; however, no studies have evaluated implementation in middle-income countries. The study objectives were to assess smoking patterns and receipt of 5A's among pregnant women in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Montevideo, Uruguay.Methods: Data were collected through administered questionnaires to women at delivery hospitalizations during October 2011-May 2012. Eligible women attended one of 12 maternity hospitals or 21 associated prenatal care clinics. The questionnaire included demographic data, tobacco use/cessation behaviors, and receipt of the 5A's. Self-reported cessation was verified with saliva cotinine.Results: Overall, of 3400 pregnant women, 32.8% smoked at the beginning of pregnancy; 11.9% quit upon learning they were pregnant or later during pregnancy, and 20.9% smoked throughout pregnancy. Smoking prevalence varied by country with 16.1% and 26.7% who smoked throughout pregnancy in Argentina and Uruguay, respectively. Among pregnant smokers in Argentina, 23.8% reported that a provider asked them about smoking at more than one prenatal care visit; 18.5% were advised to quit; 5.3% were assessed for readiness to quit, 4.7% were provided assistance, and 0.7% reported follow-up was arranged. In Uruguay, those percentages were 36.3%, 27.9%, 5.4%, 5.6%, and 0.2%, respectively.Conclusions: Approximately, one in six pregnant women smoked throughout pregnancy in Buenos Aires and one in four in Montevideo. However, a low percentage of smokers received any cessation assistance in both countries. Healthcare providers are not fully implementing the recommended 5A's intervention to help pregnant women quit smoking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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42. International patterns of the public awareness of aphasia.
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Code, Chris, Papathanasiou, Ilias, Rubio‐Bruno, Silvia, Cabana, María, Villanueva, Maria Marta, Haaland‐Johansen, Line, Prizl‐Jakovac, Tatjana, Leko, Ana, Zemva, Nada, Patterson, Ruth, Berry, Richard, Rochon, Elizabeth, Leonard, Carol, and Robert, Amelie
- Subjects
APHASIA ,APHASIC persons ,ETIOLOGY of diseases ,SOCIAL status ,HEALTH status indicators ,ANALYSIS of variance ,OLDER people ,AGE distribution ,CHI-squared test ,INTERVIEWING ,NONPARAMETRIC statistics ,OCCUPATIONS ,POPULATION geography ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SEX distribution ,SURVEYS ,T-test (Statistics) ,INFORMATION resources ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,HEALTH literacy ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: It has been suggested that public awareness of aphasia is vital for extending services, research support, social inclusion and targeted raising of awareness. Earlier studies show that knowledge of aphasia varies across a range of variables, but is very low compared with other conditions. Aims: To report a series of surveys of public awareness of aphasia from six countries, the largest study conducted this far. Methods & Procedures: Surveys were conducted in Argentina ( N = 800), Canada ( N = 831), Croatia ( N = 400), Greece ( N = 800), Norway ( N = 251) and Slovenia ( N = 400) using the same methodology requesting information on age, sex and occupation, asking whether respondents had heard of aphasia and where they had heard of it. Respondents were tested on their levels of knowledge of aphasia. Outcomes & Results: Results revealed low levels of awareness of aphasia in countries surveyed with marked variability that appeared to interact with occupation, country, age and sex. We surveyed 3483 respondents (mean age = 43.16; SD = 17.68). Between 60% (Croatia) and 16% (Slovenia) said they had heard of aphasia (37.1% overall), but those with actual knowledge ranged from 13.9% (Norway) to 1.0% (Argentina). The combined mean of those with basic knowledge was 9.2%. Those who had heard of aphasia were younger; and females had higher levels of awareness. We also found associations between socio-economic status and awareness. Those working in health, social and educational spheres had the highest levels. Respondents mainly heard about aphasia through the media and work or personal contact with aphasia. Conclusions & Implications: Levels of awareness are low everywhere in absolute terms, and relative to the awareness of other conditions, with significant variability between countries, sex and socio-economic status. We examine how surveys can be utilized to plan ways to increase understanding and discuss the comparison of awareness of aphasia with other conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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43. A Two-Stage Epidemiological Study of Eating Disorders and Muscle Dysmorphia in Male University Students in Buenos Aires.
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Compte, Emilio J., Sepulveda, Ana R., and Torrente, Fernando
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DIAGNOSIS of eating disorders ,BODY dysmorphic disorder ,CHI-squared test ,COLLEGE students ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,STATISTICAL correlation ,EATING disorders ,FOOD habits ,INTERVIEWING ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH evaluation ,RESEARCH funding ,RISK assessment ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,SELF-evaluation ,STATISTICS ,SURVEYS ,SAMPLE size (Statistics) ,DATA analysis ,EFFECT sizes (Statistics) ,BODY mass index ,DISEASE prevalence ,CROSS-sectional method ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MANN Whitney U Test ,KRUSKAL-Wallis Test ,DIAGNOSIS ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Objective: Studies using traditional screening instruments tend to report a lower prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) in men than is observed in women. It is therefore unclear whether such instruments are valid for the assessment of ED in males. Lack of a formal diagnostic definition of muscle dysmorphia syndrome (MD) makes it difficult to identify men at risk. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of ED and MD in male university students of Buenos Aires. Method: A cross-sectional, two-stage, representative survey was of 472 male students from six different schools in Buenos Aires, mostly aged between 18 and 28 years. The first stage involved administration of self-report questionnaires (Eating Attitude Test-26; scores ≥15 indicate "at risk" status). In Stage 2 students at risk of developing EDs were evaluated with a clinical interview, the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE; 12th edition). Two control students were interviewed for every at risk student. Results: The prevalence of EDs among university male students was 1.9% (n 5 9). All participants with an ED presented with illness classified as eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). Using the Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS) with a 52-point threshold we identified possible MD in 6.99% (n 5 33) of the sample. Discussion: The prevalence of ED detected in this study is comparable with previous findings in male populations, and below that observed in female populations. However, the prevalence of possible cases of MD resembles the total rate of EDs in women. Characteristics associated with EDs and MD in men are also discussed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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44. Examining Adherence Among Challenging Patients in Public and Private HIV Care in Argentina.
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Jones, Deborah, Cook, Ryan, Cecchini, Diego, Sued, Omar, Bofill, Lina, Weiss, Stephen, Waldrop-Valverde, Drenna, Lopez, Maria, and Spence, Andrew
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RESEARCH ,ATTITUDE testing ,CHI-squared test ,COMPARATIVE studies ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,HEALTH attitudes ,HIV infections ,PSYCHOLOGY of HIV-positive persons ,MEDICAL cooperation ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,PATIENT compliance ,PROBABILITY theory ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,SELF-efficacy ,STATISTICS ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,PRIVATE sector ,PUBLIC sector ,DATA analysis ,ANTIRETROVIRAL agents ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,VISUAL analog scale ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio - Abstract
Copyright of AIDS & Behavior is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
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45. DESAJUSTE EDUCATIVO: Situación actual e implicancias en el sector hotelero del Noroeste argentino.
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Petrizzi, Ramiro S., Sánchez Ollero, José Luis, and García Pozo, Alejandro F.
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HOTELS ,HOTEL employees ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,TRAINING of hotel employees ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,OCCUPATIONAL mobility ,HUMAN capital ,EDUCATION - Abstract
Copyright of Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo is the property of Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Turisticos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
46. The Effect of Brief, Passive Psychoeducation on Knowledge and Ratings of Intimate Partner Violence in the United States and Argentina.
- Author
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Bridges, Ana J., Karlsson, Marie, and Lindly, Elizabeth
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ANALYSIS of variance ,CHI-squared test ,HISPANIC Americans ,CASE studies ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,STATISTICS ,STUDENT attitudes ,T-test (Statistics) ,DATA analysis ,EDUCATIONAL outcomes ,INTIMATE partner violence ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PSYCHOEDUCATION - Published
- 2015
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47. Social Perceptions About Community Life with People with Mental Illness: Study of a Discharge Program in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.
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Ardila-Gómez, Sara, Ares-Lavalle, Guadalupe, Fernández, Marina, Hartfiel, María, Borelli, Mariana, Canales, Valeria, and Stolkiner, Alicia
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MENTAL illness ,CHI-squared test ,PHENOMENOLOGY ,RESEARCH methodology ,PRACTICAL politics ,PSYCHIATRIC hospitals ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SOCIAL attitudes ,RESIDENTIAL patterns ,DISCHARGE planning ,INDEPENDENT living ,INTER-observer reliability ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,DATA analysis software ,ATTITUDES toward mental illness ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Effects of living near people with mental illness in community settings have been researched as part of psychiatric reform evaluation. However, these studies have been carried out mostly in industrialized countries, where social contexts differ from those in which psychiatric reform is now being implemented. To analyze the effects of community life with people with mental illness in the neighborhoods in which they live, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. A questionnaire was administered to randomly-selected neighbors of group homes of a discharge program and an equivalent control area (n = 236). Data was analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Significant differences were found between being a neighbor and having a high degree of acceptance toward people with mental illness. In addition, significant associations were found between neighbors having a high-perceived social cohesion and having a high level of acceptance toward the mentally ill. Living near people with mental illness is associated with better acceptance toward them; these results are congruent with those results found in other cultural contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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48. The Narrated, Nonnarrated, and the Disnarrated: Conceptual Tools for Analyzing Narratives in Health Services Research.
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Vindrola-Padros, Cecilia and Johnson, Ginger A.
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TUMORS in children ,STORYTELLING ,MEDICAL personnel ,CANCER patient psychology ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,PATIENT-professional relations ,PSYCHOLOGY of parents ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,STATISTICS ,QUALITATIVE research ,DATA analysis ,PATIENTS' families ,DATA analysis software ,NARRATIVES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,TUMOR treatment - Published
- 2014
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49. Cognitive rehabilitation therapy after acquired brain injury in Argentina: Psychosocial outcomes in connection with the time elapsed before treatment initiation.
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Saux, Gastón, Demey, Ignacio, Rojas, Galeno, and Feldberg, Carolina
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COMPLICATIONS of brain injuries ,ANALYSIS of covariance ,ANALYSIS of variance ,ANXIETY ,CHI-squared test ,COGNITION ,COGNITION disorders ,MENTAL depression ,NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,EVALUATION of medical care ,MEDICAL rehabilitation ,MEMORY ,PATIENTS ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUALITY of life ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,REHABILITATION centers ,RESEARCH funding ,SELF-efficacy ,SELF-evaluation ,STATISTICS ,TIME ,QUALITATIVE research ,DATA analysis ,ACTIVITIES of daily living ,QUANTITATIVE research ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,VISUAL analog scale ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,COGNITIVE rehabilitation ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MANN Whitney U Test - Abstract
Primary objective: To examine the effect of cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT) on psychosocial outcomes in Argentinean patients with acquired brain injury (ABI), in connection with the time elapsed between injury and treatment initiation. Research design: Self-reported data from patients in a naturalistic setting was collected before and after CRT. Methods and procedure: An outpatient sample of 75 Spanish-speaking patients with cognitive disturbances secondary to ABI (49 male/26 female, age: 50.2 ± 20.1 years; education 14.3 ± 3.2 years) completed a set of scales on their daily living activities, memory self-perception, quality-of-life and mood. Single and multi-group analyses were conducted, considering pre- and post- responses and the time elapsed between injury and treatment initiation. The influence of socio-demographic moderators was controlled during comparisons. Main results: Results suggest an improvement in several psychosocial indicators after treatment. Additionally, correlations and group comparisons showed greater improvement in subjective memory and quality-of-life self-reports in patients who began treatment earlier than those who began treatment after a longer time period. Conclusions: Overall, results suggest that CRT is associated with positive results in different areas of the psychosocial domain and that post-injury time can mediate this effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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50. Satisfaction With Life, Well-Being, and Meaning in Life as Protective Factors of Eating Disorder Symptoms and Body Dissatisfaction in Adolescents.
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Góngora, Vanesa C.
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EATING disorders ,LEANNESS ,LIFE ,QUALITY of life ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SATISFACTION ,SELF-perception ,T-test (Statistics) ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ADOLESCENCE ,DISEASE risk factors ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship among three potential protective factors: satisfaction with life, three routes to well-being and meaning in life, and eating disorder symptoms and body dissatisfaction in male and female adolescents. The sample was composed of 247 adolescent students aged 13 to 18 years. The findings of this study support the protective roles of satisfaction with life and engagement as routes to well-being in male adolescents and particularly in female adolescents. Positive interventions to promote satisfaction with life and engagement in activities in school are highly recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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