81 results
Search Results
2. Systems analysis for energy assets of Iraq influenced by water scarcity.
- Author
-
Marcellin, Megan C., Pavur, Gigi, Loose, Davis C., Cardenas, John J., Denehy, David, Almashhadani, Mustafa, Waheed, Saddam Q., Trump, Benjamin D., Polmateer, Thomas L., Linkov, Igor, Lakshmi, Venkataraman, and Lambert, James H.
- Subjects
NATURAL resources ,WATER shortages ,SYSTEM analysis ,ENERGY infrastructure ,TRANSBOUNDARY waters ,OIL fields - Abstract
Water security in arid and semi-arid Middle Eastern climates has been severely impacted by effects of climate change such as reduced precipitation, diminished storage, increased evapotranspiration, and prolonged heat waves. These climate effects are compounded in Iraq, where populations, agriculture, industry, and energy rely heavily on varying transboundary water flows to meet water demands. Iraq's most profitable sector, energy, is especially threatened by insufficient water supply, which complicates government decision making in energy infrastructure development. The goal of this paper is to develop a scenario-based multi-criteria analysis framework to prioritize infrastructure investments in the context of climate change and scarcity of natural resources. Infrastructure facilities are evaluated against social, economic, climate, and hydrologic criteria across a set of disruptive climatological, economic, and social scenarios to identify robust initiatives and the most and least disruptive scenarios to the system. A particular innovation of this paper is the evaluation of hydrology data derived from satellites in determining water scarcity impact on individual energy facilities. The methods are demonstrated for a critical sector of Iraq's economy: oil and natural gas. The demonstration includes 13 system-order criteria, 44 oil and gas initiatives within Iraq, and seven risk scenarios. The results include an accounting of the most and least disruptive scenarios to energy sector priorities and scenario-based system orderings to guide stakeholders in investment prioritization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Public Procurement Crisis of Iraq and its Impact on Construction Projects.
- Author
-
Hamza Hasan, Sadeq Abdul, Rasheed, Sawsan, and Salih, Azhar Hussein
- Subjects
CONSTRUCTION projects ,GOVERNMENT purchasing ,ANALYTIC hierarchy process ,CONSTRUCTION delays ,ECONOMIC recovery ,OIL fields ,BUILDING repair - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Engineering (17264073) is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Design and planning for applying horizontal well program in Taq Taq oil field in Kurdistan region of Iraq.
- Author
-
Ahmed, Zheno
- Subjects
HORIZONTAL wells ,OIL fields ,OIL well drilling ,PETROLEUM engineering ,PETROLEUM industry - Abstract
This paper presents the application of horizontal drilling in an oilfield of Kurdistan region of Iraq. The most important developments in Petroleum industry were through drilling technology by producing more horizontal wells in the worlds since eighties. Horizontal drilling is considered as a cost-effective method for developing reserves because of continues breakthrough of hardware equipment in oil fields. The technology of Horizontal wells remains to be a remarkable enthusiasm of oil industry since they can give an attractive way to enhancing both production rate and oil recovery factor. The practice of drilling a horizontal oil well in Kurdistan region of Iraq will be highlighted in this paper. In the previous few years horizontal drilling in this region has given an exciting experience for petroleum engineers. A horizontal well will be drilled in the oil fields of Taq Taq and one of the important applications of this well is to recover production rate in thin/tight reservoir and saving in total growth cost. The aim of this paper is to show the structure and parts of horizontal well. Well plan viewpoints incorporate choice of bit and casing sizes, casing setting depths and penetrating mud density, casing, and hydraulics, technique for boring and well profile. An Iraqi oil field (Taq Taq field) is selected for designing horizontal well to increase the productivity and long rich position. Short to Medium radius horizontal well profile is suggested for the developing the field. This paper employs instructions learned and results obtained while applying a rotary drilling of an offset nearby well with liner system on conventional horizontal rig, during the designing and drilling operation arrangement. The main goal of this work is to show the impact of horizontal drilling application on the performance improvement of that oil field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Prediction of porosity of the Zubair reservoir at Rumaila oil field, Southern Iraq, using the seismic inversion technique.
- Author
-
ALateya, Wisam H., Handhal, Amna M., and Hashem, Hassan A.
- Subjects
PETROPHYSICS ,PETROLEUM reservoirs ,POROSITY ,HYDROCARBON reservoirs ,SEISMIC surveys ,ACOUSTIC impedance ,GAMMA rays ,OIL fields - Abstract
Rock porosity represents the main property that controls the fluid distribution and hydrocarbon extraction from the reservoir rock. In this study, information from five wells was integrated with post stack seismic data acquired from a 3D seismic survey of the northern part of Rumaila Oil Field to perform seismic inversion to derive porosity. The used well log data includes gamma ray, resistivity, density, acoustic impendence (from compressional velocity and density) logs, check shot, and VSP surveys, in addition to the tops of formations (which are converted to time-based logs) after performing check shot correction and generating a synthetic seismogram. Seismic inversion analysis is an attempt to correlate seismic attributes like acoustic impedance (A.I) to rock properties (porosity). The inversion analysis is used in this paper to predict the porosity distribution. 3D seismic surveys (migrated post-stack) of the northern part of Rumaila oil field and well data used for this study. Information from five wells integrated with post-stack seismic data to perform seismic inversion through the area surveyed seismically. Four horizons picked within the seismic 3D volume that Shaw maximum crest at the northern part in the field and guide initial model for low frequency in addition to using it in the extraction of slices through converted 3D A.I. and calculated porosity data, the porosity slice guided by the picked target Shaw enhancing porosity with upward direction. The zones with low A.I. in the slices extracted through A.I. volume indicate high porosity zones. Integration of well and seismic data show a more accurate distribution of reservoir property than using well data alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Modified Archie's parameters for estimating water saturation for carbonate reservoir in north of Iraq.
- Author
-
Jumaah, Hayder A.
- Subjects
CARBONATE reservoirs ,OIL fields ,PETROLEUM reservoirs ,TORTUOSITY ,LITHOFACIES - Abstract
Archie's parameters, cementation factor (m), saturation exponent (n) and tortuosity factor (a), are general factor that have effects on water saturation magnitude, due to their sensitivity to pores distribution, lithofacies properties and wettability, particularly in carbonate reservoirs. Water saturation magnitude has a direct effect in estimating initial oil-in-place values, and inaccuracy in its values will lead to huge impact errors in initial oil-in-place values, so it would affect the economics of field management and development plans. In this paper, the main objective was to investigate the impact of using conventional and modified Archie's parameters in the determination of water saturation from well log interpretation for Tertiary reservoir in Khabaz oil field, a heterogenous carbonite reservoir in the north of Iraq which was affected by different digenesis processes that impacted the reservoir quality. Tertiary reservoir of Khabaz field consists of five geological units (A, B, C, D and E), and the selected well penetrated the top of the reservoir at 2200.5 m RTKB and passed through five geological units and reached total depth at 2348 m RTKB. The geothermal gradient of the field was 1.12 ℉ per 100 ft, and formation water resistivity (Rw) was about 0.029 Ω m. Water saturation was at first estimated from resistivity logs by Archie model with conventional known values of parameters (a, m and n) (1, 2 and 2), respectively, and then Archie's parameters were modified and determined by graphical technique of Pickett plot for each geological unit to estimate water saturation. Finally, the results show the water saturation value was more sensitive for Archie's parameter in low-porosity and high-clay-volume zone, but less sensitive in clean high-porosity zone, and water saturation values determined by modified Archie model were less about 18.5% at mean than their value by using conventional Archie's parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Principles of using project management tools and techniques of mitigate components causing delays and disruption in public and private construction projects in Iraq.
- Author
-
Shakir, Layth Qasim and Mohammed, Sawsan Rasheed
- Subjects
- *
CONSTRUCTION projects , *CONSTRUCTION delays , *PROJECT management , *SOCIAL status , *ECONOMIC status , *OIL fields , *WEAPONS of mass destruction - Abstract
Delays and disruption are a common issue in both community and personal building programs The problem exists all throughout the world, but it is particularly prevalent in Iraq, where millions of dollars are squandered each time as a outcome. Delays and interruptions may have serious consequences not just for Iraq's construction plans, but also for the country's economic and social status. While numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the factors driving delays and disruption in Iraqi construction projects, slight consideration has been given to by what means project management implements and approaches have affected the occurrence of project delays and disruption. After analyzing the crucial reasons for delays and instability in public and private construction projects in Iraq, this paper aims to improve the recording and recommendations using Project Supervision concepts. A thorough investigation was conducted to identify the critical factors that are causing delays and disruptions in construction projects in Iraq's public and private sectors and present project management application procedures in order to establish recommendations to successfully reduce work disruptions and instability in Iraq This paper identifies the top crucial factors contributing to construction project delays and disruptions in Iraq. It further identifies project management Tools and techniques that, when used appropriately, have the potential to address the major causes of delays and interruptions. Following that, a new set of guidelines for applying Project Management methodologies and strategies to address the identified delay and disruption issues is provided, with the objective of aiding practitioners in minimizing the possibility for construction delays and interruption in Iraqi projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Cold Cracking Technology for Crude Oil Upgrading in Qaiyarah Heavy Oil Field; Technical and Economical Evaluation.
- Author
-
Bibani, Herish, Alhaleem, Ayad A., and Sharifi, Mohammad
- Subjects
HEAVY oil ,PETROLEUM ,OIL fields ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,INDUSTRIAL costs ,PETROLEUM sales & prices - Abstract
Copyright of Iraqi Journal of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Choosing a suitable relative permeability correlation based on oil type (Iraqi fields - Case studies).
- Author
-
Al-Joumaa, Jihad Husain
- Subjects
BASE oils ,PERMEABILITY ,OIL fields ,PETROLEUM reservoirs ,FLUID flow ,HEAVY oil - Abstract
Relative permeability data are very important factor in characterizing the two-phase flow of fluids in porous media. It is also a key data to predict the performance of immiscible displacement in oil reservoir thus why many equations and correlations were made to predict them. This paper is to calculate and compare the results of the most common correlations used to identify relative permeability, which are Corey, modified Corey and Wyllie and Rose. The comparison was made based on real saturation data taken from two different Iraqi oil fields, the basic difference between the two fields where API value. The data from the first well (titled X-4) were taken from X oil field which is located in the southern part of Iraq, this field has heavy oil with about 20 API approximately. The data from the second well (titled Y-37) were taken from Y oil field which is located in the northern part of Iraq, this field has light oil with about 40 API. Each well was tested two times in two case studies. Results indicate that the modified Corey correlation was valid for light and heavy oils (both wells) and gives acceptable match values in all case studies, almost a perfect match in heavier oils (X-4), while Wyllie and Rose correlation gives better results in lighter oils (Y-37). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Integrated Reservoir Model and Differential Stimulation Modes of Low Permeability Porous Carbonate Reservoir: A Case Study of S Reservoir in X Oilfield in Iraq.
- Author
-
Yang, Jing, Zhu, Guangya, An, Yichen, Li, Nan, Xu, Wei, Wan, Li, and Jin, Rongrong
- Subjects
CARBONATE reservoirs ,CARBONATE rocks ,RESERVOIRS ,PERMEABILITY ,OIL fields ,ROCK mechanics ,OIL field flooding ,PROBLEM solving - Abstract
The S reservoir in the X Oilfield in Iraq has great development potential due to its rich geological reserves. However, the low permeability and strong heterogeneity of the reservoir lead to great differences in reservoir stimulation performance. In this study, an integrated reservoir model and differential stimulation mode are put forward to solve the above problems. First, the feasibility of fracturing is evaluated by laboratory experiments. Second, an integrated reservoir model is established, which mainly includes a rock mechanics model, fracturing simulation model, and numerical simulation model, and correct the integrated model by fracturing operation curves and production dynamic curves. Third, three types of stimulation areas are classified according to the combination of sweet spot types, and three different stimulation modes are proposed. In conclusion, a small-scale stimulation mode should be applied in the Type I area to maximize economic benefits. In the Type II area, the medium-scale stimulation mode should be performed to ensure certain productivity while achieving certain economic benefits. In the Type III area, the large-scale stimulation mode should be employed to obtain certain productivity while economic benefits must be above a limit. The differential stimulation model proposed in this paper has made a great reference for the efficient development of low-permeability carbonate rocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. 4D Finite element modeling of stress distribution in depleted reservoir of south Iraq oilfield.
- Author
-
Allawi, Raed H. and Al-Jawad, Mohammed S.
- Subjects
STRESS concentration ,FINITE element method ,GAS condensate reservoirs ,ROCK properties ,OIL fields ,POROELASTICITY ,CARBONATE reservoirs ,PRESSURE drop (Fluid dynamics) - Abstract
The harvest of hydrocarbon from the depleted reservoir is crucial during field development. Therefore, drilling operations in the depleted reservoir faced several problems like partial and total lost circulation. Continuing production without an active water drive or water injection to support reservoir pressure will decrease the pore and fracture pressure. Moreover, this depletion will affect the distribution of stress and change the mud weight window. This study focused on vertical stress, maximum and minimum horizontal stress redistributions in the depleted reservoirs due to decreases in pore pressure and, consequently, the effect on the mud weight window. 1D and 4D robust geomechanical models are built based on all available data in a mature oil field. The 1D model was used to estimate all mechanical rock properties, stress, and pore pressure. The minimum and maximum horizontal stress were determined using the poroelastic horizontal strain model. Furthermore, the mechanical properties were calibrated using drained triaxial and uniaxial compression tests. The pore pressure was tested using modular dynamic tester log MDT. The Mohr–Coulomb model was applied in the 4D model to calculate the stress distribution in the depleted reservoir. According to study wells, the target area has been classified into four main groups in Mishrif reservoir based on depletion: highly, moderately, slightly, and no depleted region. Also, the results showed that the units had been classified into three main categories based on depletion state (from above to low depleted): L1.1, L1.2, and M1. The mean average reduction in minimum horizontal stress magnitude was 322 psi for L1.1, 183.86 psi for L1.2, and 115.56 psi for M1. Thus, the lower limit of fracture pressure dropped to a high value in L1.1, which is considered a weak point. As a result of changing horizontal stress, the mud weight window became narrow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Capturing the Impact of COVID-19 on Construction Projects in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Iraq.
- Author
-
Al-Mhdawi, M. K. S., Brito, Mario P., Abdul Nabi, Mohamad, El-adaway, Islam H., and Onggo, Bhakti Stephan
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,DEVELOPING countries ,CONSTRUCTION projects ,COVID-19 pandemic ,EMERGING markets ,OIL fields ,RELIABILITY in engineering - Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 has impacted construction markets worldwide due to supply chain disruptions, workforce restrictions, and legislative changes. However, construction markets in developing countries are perceived to be more vulnerable to the challenges associated with the pandemic. As such, the goal of this paper is to capture the impact of COVID-19 on construction projects in developing countries by considering the case of the Iraqi construction sector. A multistep research methodology was adopted by the authors, including (1) literature analysis and semistructured interviews with 40 industry experts to identify a comprehensive list of construction themes and factors affected by the pandemic; (2) survey data collection from 388 industry professionals to quantify the significance and influence of each identified factor; (3) Cronbach's alpha test to check the reliability of the survey; (4) fuzzy inference system to assess the impact of the pandemic on each construction theme and factor; and (5) Mann-Whitney U-test to examine the perceived impact by the public and private sectors. Results show that the pandemic has impacted a total of 16 construction factors grouped under four construction themes, including contractual implications, construction financial market, and supply chain operations, as well as safety and risk management, where the latter is the most impacted theme. The factors impacted the most by the pandemic are safety management measures, interpretation of the contract language, building materials prices, risk management practices, construction materials, construction labor, and construction subcontractors. Also, the findings of the fuzzy model show significant difference in the captured impact of the pandemic between the public and private sectors. This research contributes to the body of knowledge by providing a foothold foundation for researchers and decision makers to enhance investigating the effect of the pandemic with its deep uncertainties in relation to developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. MEASUREMENT OF THE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE IMPACT ON THE IRAQI ECONOMY.
- Author
-
Shukri, Hadeel M. Al, Dammak, Abdelaziz, and Al-Ali, Hashim
- Subjects
ORDNANCE ,SOCIAL impact ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,OIL fields ,COMMUNITIES - Abstract
The principal objective of this paper is to examine and analyze the Explosive Ordnance (EO) conditions in Iraq as a whole, and by Governorate (GO). An attempt has been made to quantitatively measure the economic and social impact of implanted explosive ordnance in Iraq, on multi-dimensions, i.e., sectoral, national, and sub-national. This has been carried out, as a first attempt, and is being assessed and measured for eighteen sectors (socio-economic variables), and eighteen sub-national (governorates) excluding Baghdad, the capital city of Iraq. The overall economic and social impact measured by this study varied by sector and by geographical and administrative location. Out of the eighteen sectors, the most affected sectors by the implanted mine explosive ordnance were: agriculture, water, infrastructure, roads, non-agriculture activities (mainly manufacturing industry projects), and oil fields. While the most impacted governorates (geographical location within the nation) out of the eighteen analyzed governorates were: Basra, Babylon, Anbar, Diyala, Ninawa, Wasit, and Missan. because these governorates have the highest contamination, besides their location closer to population communities [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
14. Corruption Risk Analysis at the Project Planning Stage in the Iraqi Construction Sector using the Bowtie Methodology.
- Author
-
Najim Alani, Semaa Hazim and Raoof Mahjoob, Ahmed Mohammed
- Subjects
RISK assessment ,CORRUPTION ,IRAQIS ,ECONOMIC development ,OIL fields - Abstract
In this paper, the bowtie method was utilized by a multidisciplinary team in the Federal Board of Supreme Audit (FBSA)for the purpose of managing corruption risks threatening the Iraqi construction sector. Corruption in Iraq is a widespread phenomenon that threatens to degrade society and halt the wheel of economic development, so it must be reduced through appropriate strategies. A total of eleven corruption risks have been identified by the involved parties in corruption and were analyzed by using probability and impact matrix and their priority has been ranked. Bowtie analysis was conducted on four factors with high score risk in causing corruption in the planning stage. The number and effectiveness of the existing proactive measures to prevent threats from resulting in corruption and were examined for each threat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Artificial Neural Networks to Predict Lost Circulation Zones at Southern Iraq Oilfield.
- Author
-
Salih, Ameen K., Hussein, Hassan A. Abdul, and Hamza, Sarah H.
- Subjects
ARTIFICIAL neural networks ,OIL fields ,DRILLING & boring ,ACCURACY - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Petroleum Research & Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Petrophysical Properties of Mauddud Formation in Selected Wells in AlAhdab Oil Field, Middle Iraq.
- Author
-
Hameed, Ali S. and Faisal, Rasha F.
- Subjects
- *
OIL wells , *OIL fields , *SHALE , *POROSITY - Abstract
This paper aims to calculate the petrophysical properties in the Al-Ahdab field in the middle of Iraq within the Mauddud Formation. This study was based on the information available from well logs. The interactive petrophysical software IP (V4.5) was used to calculate the porosity, hydrocarbon saturation and shale volume, divide the formation into reservoir units and buffer units, and evaluate these units in each well. The Mauddud was divided into five units, two of them were considered good reservoirs having good petrophysical properties (high porosity, Low water saturation, and low shale volume). The other three are not reservoirs because of poor petrophysical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. A High Resolution 3D Geomodel for Giant Carbonate Reservoir- A Field Case Study from an Iraqi Oil Field.
- Author
-
Al-Rubaye, Wisam I. Taher and Hamd-Allah, Sameera Mohammed
- Subjects
OIL fields ,CARBONATE reservoirs ,HYDROCARBON reservoirs ,GRID cells ,LIMESTONE ,GEOLOGICAL modeling ,PETROLEUM reservoirs - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Engineering (17264073) is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Integrating lithofacies and well logging data into smooth generalized additive model for improved permeability estimation: Zubair formation, South Rumaila oil field.
- Author
-
J Al-Mudhafar, Watheq
- Subjects
DATA logging ,STATISTICAL smoothing ,OIL fields ,SHALE gas reservoirs ,STANDARD deviations ,PERMEABILITY ,OIL wells ,STATISTICAL learning - Abstract
Integrating discrete distribution of lithofacies into the petrophysical property modeling is essential to preserve reservoir heterogeneity and improve flow modeling. Specifically, various studies have been implemented to model the permeability as a function of well logging data without taking into account the effect of lithofacies, which is rational to produce distinct regression lines given each facies type. In this paper, advanced statistical learning approaches were adopted as an integrated workflow to model the core permeability given well logging records and discrete lithofacies classification for a well in the South Rumaila oil field, located in Iraq. In particular, the probabilistic neural networks was first applied for modeling and predicting the discrete lithofacies classification given the well logging records: neutron porosity, shale volume, and water saturation. Next, smooth generalized additive model (SGAM) was used to model the core permeability as a function of the same well logging records. In addition, the predicted lithofacies was included as a discrete independent variable in the core permeability modeling to provide different regression lines given each lithotype. The SGAM was also modeled for three subset data given each separate lithofacies to verify the efficiency of SGAM and to provide more accurate prediction of permeability. The same procedure of SGAM was completely repeated by the generalized linear model (GLM) to prove the higher effectiveness of SGAM for permeability modeling and prediction. The root mean square prediction error in SGAM was lower than in GLM in all the combined and separate lithofacies models. In addition, the SGAM model overcame the multicollinearity between shale volume and water saturation variables by using the smoothed terms. Finally, making accurate permeability prediction for all wells in the field should ensure capturing the spatial variation and correlation between the data and then preserving the reservoir heterogeneity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Geological and production uncertainty assessments of the cyclic CO2-assisted gravity drainage EOR process: a case study from South Rumaila oil field.
- Author
-
Al-Mudhafar, Watheq J., Rao, Dandina N., and Srinivasan, Sanjay
- Subjects
GEOLOGICAL carbon sequestration ,OIL fields ,DRAINAGE ,MONTE Carlo method ,GRAVITY ,UNCERTAINTY - Abstract
Risk or uncertainty assessment in the reservoir flow modeling, especially in real field-scale evaluation, is essential to make a trustful decision regarding the future development plans. This paper presents an efficient uncertainty assessment workflow of geological and production data through the cyclic CO 2 -assisted gravity drainage (GAGD) process in South Rumaila oil field in Southern Iraq. First, the sequential Gaussian simulation created a large number of reservoir stochastic realizations that capture the entire geological uncertainty space. Second, ranking was applied to select the quartiles (P 10 , P 20 , ... , P 90) of reservoir permeability and anisotropy ratio to quantify the geological uncertainty. Next, the equation of state-compositional flow model was constructed to evaluate these realizations by calculating the reservoir flow response. Then, 81 designed simulations were created by factorial design considering the combined realizations of permeability and anisotropy ratio. In a successive step, the most-likely model was considered for the uncertainty quantification of the operational decision parameters through the cyclic GAGD process to restrict the uncertainty space, which leads to obtain the true optimal scenario. The cyclic GAGD operational parameters include durations of injection, soaking, and production and the minimum bottom hole pressure in production wells. The compositional reservoir flow model was again used to evaluate the multiple simulations created by the proxy-based Box–Behnken design and Monte Carlo simulation. The combined geological and production uncertainty workflow gave an idea about the uncertainty or risk space of the predicted reservoir flow response in the future cyclic GAGD process performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Determination of flow units of Yamama Formation in the West Qurna oil field, Southern Iraq.
- Author
-
Handhal, Amna M., Al-Najm, Fahad M., and Chafeet, Hussein A.
- Subjects
OIL fields ,GEOLOGY ,MINES & mineral resources ,PETROLEUM industry ,PETROLEUM prospecting - Abstract
Copyright of Iraqi Journal of Science is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Identification of the best correlations of permeability anisotropy for Mishrif reservoir in West Qurna/1 oil Field, Southern Iraq.
- Author
-
Al-Dujaili, Ahmed N., Shabani, Mehdi, and AL-Jawad, Mohammed S.
- Subjects
PERMEABILITY ,DIAGENESIS ,ANISOTROPY ,RESERVOIRS ,ARTIFICIAL membranes ,PERFORMANCE management ,OIL fields ,POROSITY - Abstract
At present, reservoir whether isotropy or anisotropy is taking more attention, particularly the difference in (porosity, permeability, and capillary pressure) associated with pore space. These differences are due to the original sediments and thus diagenetic changes. It has been found that common models are insufficient to predict reservoir performance and field management program design. Recovery factor (RF) is the main factor affecting the optimization process for any reservoir that is very sensitive to reservoir heterogeneity and hence an accurate vertical and horizontal permeability (K v and K h) distribution is required. A case study is represented in this paper aimed at vertical permeability estimation from horizontal permeability and porosity for Mishrif reservoir in west Qurna/1 oil field southern Iraq. This study has been accomplished by testing five models, harmonic averaging, Kozeny-Carman equation, Zahaf and Tiab, Iheanacho et al., and Fazelalav to determine vertical permeability and comparing the results with core data values. It is found that the models were used showed an accuracy variation between the units of Mishrif reservoir based on Mishrif full diameter cores from 20 wells. Four new correlations are obtained for mA, CRII, mB1, and mB2 units for Mishrif Reservoir in West Qurna/1 oil field. The correlation shows that the permeability is depending on porosity in the mA unit due to the homogeneity and the Mb1 unit has a higher anisotropy than the other units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. The geological controlling factors of the heterogeneity of a bioclastic limestone reservoir--a case study of the Cretaceous Kh2 layer in A oilfield, Iraq.
- Author
-
Ling, Can, Zhang, Xiran, Fu, Meiyan, Huang, Tingting, Duan, Guanghui, Gao, Shumin, Tavakoli, Vahid, and Radwan, Ahmed E.
- Subjects
HETEROGENEITY ,HYDROCARBON reservoirs ,LIMESTONE ,GAS reservoirs ,OIL fields ,PETROLEUM reservoirs ,POROSITY - Abstract
Reservoir heterogeneity is one of the key factors affecting the exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs. The Kh2 layer in the A field of Central Iraq is a major pay zone with strong longitudinal and lateral heterogeneity. The heterogeneity, controlled by geological factors, has not yet been confirmed, which seriously restricts the development of this pay zone. This study aims to establish a geological pattern for the reservoir heterogeneity of bioclastic limestone, providing a geological basis for heterogeneity evaluation. Based on the core observation, thin-section identification, and physical property analysis, the microfacies are classified, and the diagenetic sequences and the pore structure of the Kh2 layer are analyzed. Seven types of microfacies are developed in the Kh2 layer, namely, planktic foraminiferal wackestone (MFT1), lamellar bioclastic wackestone (MFT2), intraclastic-bioclastic packstone (MFT3), green algal packstone (MFT4), green alga-pelletoid packstone (MFT5), bioclastic-intraclastic packstone (MFT6), and intraclastic grainstone (MFT7). The heterogeneity of the different microfacies and heterogeneity within the same microfacies were evaluated using the variation coefficient of permeability tested from cores collected from wells and calculated by well- logging at different intervals. The highest heterogeneity was observed in the lamellar bioclastic wackestone (MFT2), with an average variation coefficient of 0.72. The lowest heterogeneity was observed in the green algal packstone (MFT4), with an average variation coefficient of 0.11. The vertical heterogeneity of the permeability is mainly controlled by sedimentation, while the lateral heterogeneity is mainly influenced by cementation, bioturbation, and the distribution of green algae. Finally, a micro-scale geological pattern for determining the reservoir heterogeneity of bioclastic limestone reservoirs is established. This study can guide the current injection development and remaining oil prediction in oilfields with similar backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. MICROFACIES ANALYSIS OF THE MISHRIF FORMATION (MID-CRETACEOUS) AT THE TUBA AND ZUBAIR OILFIELDS, SOUTHERN IRAQ.
- Author
-
Dawood, Ayhem A. and Al-Dulaimi, Salam I. M.
- Subjects
OIL fields ,CARBONATE reservoirs ,FACIES - Abstract
The Cenomanian-Early Turonian Mishrif Formation, which has been studied in selected Oilfields of Tuba Well (TU-5, TU-24, TU-40) and Zubair Well (ZB-41, ZB-42, and ZB-46), which are located in the Mesopotamian basin, southern Iraq, and considered major carbonate reservoir in Iraq and the Arabian Gulf. Seven microfacies types are identified showing that Mishrif formation deposited in five sedimentary facies: 1. Basin Facies Associations; 2. Deep Marine Facies Associations: Bioclast pelagic foram mudstone-wackestone; 3. Shallow Open Marine Facies Associations: Foraminiferal bioclastic wackestone-packstones; 4. Rudisted Reef Facies Associations; 5. Shoal Facies Associations: Peloidal packstone-grainstone; 6.aBackshoal Facies Association: a. Foraminiferal-bioclastic wackestone-packstone, b. Rudistedforaminiferal wackestone-packstone; 7. Lagoon Facies Associations: a. Fossiliferous mudstone-wackestone, b. Bioclast foraminiferal wackestone, c. Benthic foraminiferal wackestone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. An Accurate Estimation of Shear Wave Velocity Using Well Logging Data for Khasib Carbonate Reservoir - Amara Oil Field.
- Author
-
AbdulMajeed, Rwaida K. and Alhaleem, Ayad A.
- Subjects
FRICTION velocity ,SHEAR waves ,CARBONATE reservoirs ,OIL fields ,DATA logging ,HYDROCARBON reservoirs - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Engineering (17264073) is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Microfacies Analysis and Depositional Environment of Baba Formation in Selected Wells from Kirkuk Oil Field, Northeastern Iraq.
- Author
-
Simo, Rania T., Malak, Zaid A., Hussain, Qahtan M., and Mahmood, Saad A.
- Subjects
GEOLOGICAL research ,OIL fields ,FACIES ,STRATIGRAPHIC geology - Abstract
Copyright of Iraqi National Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Microfacies analysis and sequence stratigraphy of Oligocene formations within Bai Hassan oil field, Northern Iraq.
- Author
-
Kameran, Dalya, Tamar-Agha, Mazin Y., and Al-Beyati, Fawzi M.
- Subjects
OIL fields ,SEQUENCE stratigraphy ,OLIGOCENE Epoch ,SEQUENCE analysis ,MUDSTONE ,FACIES - Abstract
Copyright of Iraqi Journal of Science is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. DETERMINING THE SOURCES AND DISTRIBUTION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN THE SOIL OF DIFFERENT OIL FIELDS AT BASRAH GOVERNORATE, IRAQ.
- Author
-
Al-Saad, Hamid T., Abdulhassan, Hamza K., and Resen, Majdalena A.
- Subjects
POLYCYCLIC aromatic hydrocarbons ,PHENANTHRENE ,ACENAPHTHENE ,CHRYSENE ,FLUORANTHENE ,ANTHRACENE - Abstract
The object of the research is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). For the purpose of determining the source and distribution of PAHs, soil samples from the 11 oil fields in the Basrah governorate (Seba, Safwan, Majnoon, Ratawi, Bergezia, Qurna1, Qurna2, Shuaaba, South and North Rumaila, and al Zubair) were taken at a depth of 0 to 20 cm. According to their molecular weight, they were separated into two main groupings. The first group of compounds consisted of six compounds: naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, and anthracene. These light (low molecular weight) compounds have two to three fused aromatic rings. The first group includes nine chemicals: floranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b), benzo(k), benzo(a), benzo(a), indeno(1,2,3,c,d), and benzo(g,h,i)perylene. These heavy (high molecular weight) compounds included four or more fused aromatic rings. The PAHs compounds ranged in value from the lowest (0.16 ng/g dry weight of benzo(a)anthracene at station West Quarna1 to the highest (680 ng/g dry weight of benzo(g,h,i)perylene that emerged at station North Rumail). The total concentration of PAHs ranged from 77.67 ng/g in South Rumaila Field while highest concentration is 2284.27 ng/g in North Rumail. The PAHs compound has low and high molecular weight, their ratio of LMW/HMW (low molecular weight/high molecular weight) and phenanthrene/anthracene, fluoranthene/pyrene indicated that the source of PAHs was pyrogenic only. The PAH diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that PAHs in soils essentially originated from emissions and combustion. This study gave a baseline on the source and distribution of these compounds in oil fields at Basrah governorate and can be used as a baseline for coming study in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Evaluation of carbon dioxide emissions dispersion from crude oil production of Garraf oil field in Iraq.
- Author
-
Rukabie, Jamal S. Abd Al, Hassan, Ahmed S., and Kadhum, Jasim H.
- Subjects
CARBON emissions ,OIL fields ,PETROLEUM ,CITIES & towns ,GREENHOUSE effect ,GREENHOUSE gases - Abstract
The Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas is one of the gases that play significant roles in greenhouse effect and cases global warming. In order to determine the concentration values of carbon dioxide emissions from the Garraf Oil Field (GOF) towards the surrounding areas and cities used the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) method. The results shown that the most of values of CO2 emissions from towards two cities the city of Al-Rifai, which amounted to about (41.790%), then the city of Qalaat Sukkar with a percentage of about (26.210 %), then Al-Nasr district with a percentage of (21%), and the least effect of the emissions percentage was on Al-Fajr city by about (11%). The most important factors affecting the spread of carbon dioxide desperation were the direction and speed of the wind, as well as the distance from the isolation area and oil wells in the field, which affect these areas in the emission of gases. The high CO2 concentration found in Southwest of GOF, opposite direction of wind speed. The inversely proportional found between CO2 concentration and the distance from GOF. The lowest CO2 concentration found was (410 ppm) at (8 km). CO2 emission concentration was toward Al-Rifai city and other area near it about 41.79%, Qal'at Sukkar city with other area near it about 26.210%, Al Nasr city about 21% and Al fajr city about 11%. This result refer to the wind direction and distance from the GOF. The objective analysis that explain there are two main reasons for CO2 dispersion, that wind direction, and CO2 emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Assessment of heavy metals in human blood for workers in Al-Gharraf oil field, Dhi-Qar governorate, Iraq.
- Author
-
Saadoon, Ali Abd. and Aswood, Murtadha Shakir
- Subjects
HEAVY metals ,PETROLEUM workers ,OIL fields ,COPPER ,ATOMIC absorption spectroscopy ,LEAD ,POLLUTION - Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in the environment has attracted attention in recent decades due to its accumulation in soil and water, as well as the human body.heavy metals have a significant health risk when Increased concentration level and duration exposure. In this study, Specifically, we looked at the presence of certain heavy metals, such as lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), in the human blood of oil using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The results showed that average concentrations (ppm) of Pb, Cd, Cu and Ni for the workers in oil field were 0.094, 0.177, 0.462 and 0.042 respectively. While, the average concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu and Ni for the non-workers were 0.044 ppm, 0.048 ppm, 0.414 ppm and 0.005 ppm respectively. The conclusion of this study, there are direct effected of increasing the concentration of the working from working environment and duration of work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Optimum of investment for the condensates of associated gas that are produced from the Iraqi oil fields.
- Author
-
Alaamery, Hareth Shallan, Imran, Aed Jaber, and Ghabra, Amer Ali
- Subjects
GAS condensate reservoirs ,LIQUEFIED natural gas ,NATURAL gas ,PETROLEUM ,RAW materials ,DEW point ,OIL fields ,GASOLINE - Abstract
The condensates of associated natural gas are a liquid mixture of different hydrocarbons that are found in the form of gases in crude oil. They are produced from a variety of different oil fields where this mixture of associated natural gas condenses to a liquid when its temperature is decreased below the hydrocarbon dew point temperature of that gas at a set pressure. Iraq produces from its northern and southern fields about (18000) eighteen thousand barrels/ day of the condensates of associated natural gas, which is a good amount if we know that (82-85%) of it is gasoline, i.e. (14760-15300) barrels per day and this amount contributes significantly to meet the local market needs of gasoline and reduce its import, thus annually saves huge amounts of hard currency that can be invested in development and service projects for the benefit of the citizen. In this research, we did a full test of the raw material (the condensates of associated natural gas) and the products separated by the atmospheric distillation process, which we divided into (3) three main products, which are LPG and pentane n-C5H12 i-C5H12. These products are used in many petrochemical industries and gasoline, according to the needs of the local market. Also, this research includes the technology that is used in the process of separation; in addition, we suggest a method for treating gasoline and also made economic feasibility calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Statistical regression model for estimating the rate of penetration of horizontal well in Al-Halfaya oil field.
- Author
-
AL-Bahadly, Kadhim Hmood Mnaty
- Subjects
PENETRATION mechanics ,OIL fields ,OIL wells ,STATISTICAL models ,REGRESSION analysis ,STANDARD deviations - Abstract
Rate of penetration models are essential to obtain a maximum drilling rate and minimum drilling cost. Traditional rate of penetration models has limited field application because they build on specific condition and did not incorporated logging data to develop models for dynamic drilling processes. The aim of this study is to construct rate of penetration models for AL-halfaya oil field by using routinely available mud logging data from a range of drilling conditions. The data used in this study are provided by PetroChina Company Limited Iraq Branch (from Contractor Bohai Mudlogging), that working in AL-Halfaya oil field south of Iraq, for the horizontal well called (HF119-M119 H) for Mishraf formation. This formation represents group data. A Statistical software called (Statistical Analysis System (SAS)) was used to perform statistical calculation and regression analysis of modeling data. For regression purpose, the ROP was considered as a dependent variable, while the (WOB, RPM, HSI and Torque) were considered as independent variables. A data set are considered in the modeling which represented formation. Systematic statistical approaches have been developed in this study for handling the logging data. These approaches include examination of data, removing outliers, make moving-average and grouping data. Data processing analysis were performed in various methods according to the completed building model. The values of ROP were predicted based on grouping data. The results of R
2 were calculated to be around (0.842) and RMSE (0.74) for a group set data. The Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and the correlation coefficient (R2 ) were indicating the strength of the model. It was a comparison between the actual values and the predict values of ROP of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. RESERVOIR CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ALBIAN UPPER QAMCHUQA FORMATION CARBONATES, TAQ TAQ OILFIELD, KURDISTAN, IRAQ.
- Author
-
Al-Qayim, B. and Rashid, F.
- Subjects
CARBONATES ,OIL fields ,CONTINENTAL margins ,POROSITY ,DOLOMITE - Abstract
The Albian Upper Qamchuqa Formation in NE Iraq is part of an extensive dolomitized carbonate platform developed during the Barremian - Albian over the passive continental margin of NE Arabia. Recent drilling at the Taq Taq oilfield in Kurdistan has renewed interest in this formation as a reservoir unit. In this paper, the reservoir and petrophysical characteristics of the Upper Qamchuqa Formation at Taq Taq are described using data from wireline logs, cores and thin-sections from four wells. At Taq Taq oilfield, the Qamchuqa Formation can be divided on the basis of lithology into two units: an upper Dolomite Unit and a lower Limestone Unit. The Dolomite Unit is 140-190 m thick and is dominated by massive dolomites and dolomitic limestones. High porosity values (up to 26%, estimated from well logs) were recorded in intervals comprising fine to medium crystalline planar-e to planar-s type dolomite which were frequently oil stained. Pore types include microvugs, moulds, fractures, stylolites and intercrystalline porosity. The Limestone Unit is 72-55 m thick and is composed mainly of bioturbated bioclastic limestones with minor dolomites. A wide range of carbonate facies are present and are dominated by foraminiferal wacke-packstones and rudist packstones. Wireline log data was used to characterize the reservoir quality of the Qamchuqa Formation at Taq Taq. Four porosity units were recognized. The upper porosity units has the best reservoir quality with average porosities of 15 %, compared to the second unit (7.5%), the third unit (7%) and the fourth unit (4%). Different cut-off values were estimated, and related petrophysical parameters were evaluated and were used to subdivide the reservoir succession into three reservoir units. The uppermost of these units was found to have the best reservoir characteristics and represents the upper part of the Dolomite Unit. It has a thickness of 31-43.5 m with 25-41 m of net pay and 82% oil saturation. Flow in this unit is dual, dominated by fracture flow superimposed on matrix flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Synthesis Porosity logs based on fuzzy logic in Buzrgun Member at Fauqi Oil Field Southeastern Iraq.
- Author
-
Al-Saad, Huda F. and Al-Shahwan, Muwafaq F.
- Subjects
OIL fields ,FUZZY logic ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,POROSITY - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Petroleum Research & Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
34. SOURCE ROCK POTENTIAL OF THE UPPER JURASSIC - LOWER CRETACEOUS SUCCESSION IN THE SOUTHERN MESOPOTAMIAN BASIN, SOUTHERN IRAQ.
- Author
-
Abeed, Q., Alkhafaji, A., and Littke, R.
- Subjects
CRETACEOUS stratigraphic geology ,GEOLOGICAL basins ,OIL fields ,ORGANIC geochemistry - Abstract
This paper reports on the hydrocarbon potential of subsurface samples from the Upper Jurassic Lower Cretaceous succession at the Rumaila (North and South), Zubair, Subba and West Qurna oilfields in southern Iraq. A total of 37 fine-grained core samples of the Sulaiy, Yamama, Ratawi and Zubair Formations from ten wells were analyzed. Contents of organic carbon and sulphur were measured; other analyses included Rock-Eval pyrolysis, optical microscopy in incident light, solvent extraction and gas chromatography of non-aromatic hydrocarbons. The results indicated that the samples from the Cretaceous succession (Yamama, Zubair and Ratawi Formations) are at moderate levels of thermal maturity, whereas samples from the Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretaceous Sulaiy Formation are at a stage of thermal maturity beyond peak oil generation. According to the results of this study, the Sulaiy Formation is an excellent highly-mature source rock and it is probably responsible for the generation of large quantities of oil in the study area. The samples differ with respect to their organic fades and biomarker distribution, indicating that palaeo depositional conditions varied significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Cross-validation of time-depth conversion and evaluation of different approaches in the Mesopotamian Basin, Iraq.
- Author
-
Al-Khazraji, Omar N. A.
- Subjects
GEOLOGICAL time scales ,OIL fields ,VELOCITY ,MIOCENE Epoch - Abstract
The time-depth conversion process is a significant task in seismic interpretation to establish the link between geophysical information in the time domain and geological information in the depth domain at/away from well locations. Selecting the suitable velocity model for time-depth conversion to generate an accurate depth map is difficult if the accuracy of these models is unknown. In the current study, the cross-validation technique is used as a tool to diagnose and evaluate the performance of time-depth conversion at/away from well controls to predict the depth of Top Hartha and Zubair reservoirs using the dataset of East Baghdad Oil Field. To test this technique, four common velocity model approaches used for time-depth conversion with different scenarios of velocity parameters (initial velocity V
0 and depth gradient (K)) were applied to produce ten velocity models (1–10). According to the gradient variation of velocity with depth, check shot analysis, the velocity models (1–10) include three key velocities layer-cakes: Layer 1 (Middle Miocene-Upper Cretaceous), Layer 2 (Upper Cretaceous), and Layer 3 (Lower Cretaceous) with 18 horizons from Middle Miocene down to Lower Cretaceous. The cross-validation analysis reveals that the velocity model with a variable surface initial velocity and constant depth gradient (Model 9) was the most accurate with fewer mistie between actual and predicted depth. Consequently, this model is used to construct the depth map of the Hartha and Zubair reservoirs. Finally, this study progresses a workflow that can be applied to the region with any geological setting to investigate time-depth conversion uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Facies evaluation and sedimentary environments of the Yamama Formation in the Ratawi oil field, South Iraq.
- Author
-
Al-Iessa, Israa A. and Zhang, Wang Zhi
- Subjects
LAGOONS ,OIL fields ,MUDSTONE ,DIAGENESIS - Abstract
Microfacies and environmental analyses of the Yamama Formation were conducted in the Tithonian–Hautervian sequence in the Ratawi oil field of Basra city in southern Iraq. The study includes petrographic, facies, and depositional models for the study area. Seven main facies and several secondary facies have been deposited in multiple environments. Moreover, they are affected by many diagenesis processes. Those facies have noncore depths that can be monitored by matching them with their corresponding well logs to obtain their electrofacies. The facies are distinguished according to the grain or mud supported or on the appearance of the configuration facies through microscopy. After comparing them with the well logs, electrofacies are identified as the following main limestone facies (mudstone, mudstone–wackestone, wackestone, wackestone–packstone, packstone, packstone–grainstone, and grainstone facies). The formation environments in this field are divided into several environments depending on the facies and electrofacies characteristics of the formation, including a lagoon environment, open marine environment, shoal environment, and slope environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Effect of acid treatment on the geomechanical properties of rocks: an experimental investigation in Ahdeb oil field.
- Author
-
Alameedy, Usama, Alhaleem, Ayad A., Isah, Abubakar, Al-Yaseri, Ahmed, Mahmoud, Mohamed, and Salih, Ibrahim Saeb
- Subjects
OIL fields ,POISSON'S ratio ,OIL wells ,PETROLEUM reservoirs ,EARTH pressure ,YOUNG'S modulus ,CAP rock - Abstract
Acidizing is one of the most used stimulation techniques in the petroleum industry. Several reports have been issued on the difficulties encountered during the stimulation operation of the Ahdeb oil field, particularly in the development of the Mishrif reservoir, including the following: (1) high injection pressures make it difficult to inject acid into the reservoir formation, and (2) only a few acid jobs have been effective in Ahdeb oil wells, while the bulk of the others has been unsuccessful. The significant failure rate of oil well stimulation in this deposit necessitates more investigations. Thus, we carried out this experimental study to systematically investigate the influence of acid treatment on the geomechanical properties of Mi4 formation of the Mishrif reservoir. The acid core-flood experiments were performed on seven core samples from the oil reservoir in central Iraq. The porosity, permeability, acoustic velocities, rock strength, and dynamic elastic parameters were computed before and after the acidizing treatment. To determine the optimal acid injection rate, different injection flow rates were used in the core-flooding experiments. The propagation of an acid-induced wormhole and its effect on the rock properties were analyzed and compared to that of intact rocks. Computed tomography (CT) scan and a 3D reconstruction technique were also conducted to establish the size and geometry of the generated wormhole. To analyze the influence of mineralogical variation and heterogeneity and confirm the consistency of the outcomes, acidizing experiments on different rock samples were conducted. The results demonstrate that for all the rock samples studied, the mechanical properties exhibit rock weakening post-acid treatment. The Young's modulus reduced by 26% to 37%, while the Poisson's ratio, the coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest, and the material index increased by 13% to 20%, 23% to 32%, and 28% to 125%, respectively. The CT scan visually confirmed that the acid treatment effectively creates a pathway for fluid flow through the core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Microfacies Analysis and Stratigraphic Framework of Yamama Formation in Sindbad, Halfaya and Ad'daimah Oil Fields, Southern Iraq.
- Author
-
Jameel, Nabaa khalid and Hussien Al-Zaidy, Aiad Ali
- Subjects
HARMONIC oscillators ,CRETACEOUS Period ,SEA level ,PETROLEUM ,OIL fields ,FACIES - Abstract
Copyright of Iraqi Journal of Science is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Appropriate Risk Response Planning of Build Operate Transfer Contracts for the Transportation Projects in Iraq.
- Author
-
Radi Al-Aga, Suhail F. and Burhan, Abbas M.
- Subjects
CONSTRUCTION planning ,CONSTRUCTION management ,CONSTRUCTION projects ,INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) ,CONTRACTS ,TRANSPORTATION planning ,OIL fields - Abstract
The identification of risks in construction projects gives advance indications of the potential risks that may occur during project planning, construction or management. Therefore, identifying those risks and preparing the necessary plans to respond to them is a key detail for the success of the project from its failure. The projects implemented in the manner of a Build Operate Transfer (BOT) contract are accompanied by many risks due to the multiplicity of parties and the multiplicity of their responsibilities, as well as the size of those projects because they are usually associated with infrastructure projects. The aim of this research is to identify the most prominent risks in BOT contracts and the planned response against each risk. The adopted methodology is through conducting interviews and a closed questionnaire (included 77 out of 100 respondents), and the adoption of statistical analysis through the SPSS program and the scale of relative importance.The relative importance index technique was used to rank the risks according to their importance and discuss the reasons for their classification. The results showed a list of the most important risks that would be generated if the BOT contract was applied to transportation projects in Iraq, as well as the appropriate planned response to each risk based on historical information for previous BOT projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The Integration of Wireline Logs and Sedimentological Data to Predict Sequence Stratigraphic Framework in Carbonate Rocks: An Example from Rumaila Formation (Cenomanian), West Qurna Oil Field, Southern Iraq.
- Author
-
Maher M. Mahdi, Ismail, Maher J., and Mohammad, Omar A. M.
- Subjects
SEQUENCE stratigraphy ,CARBONATE rocks ,OIL fields ,GEOPHYSICAL well logging ,CARBONATE minerals ,GAMMA rays ,CARBONATES - Abstract
A combination of wireline log data and sedimentological characterization provides insight into the sequence stratigraphic framework of the carbonate rocks. The Cenomanian Rumaila Formation is considered one of the Cretaceous representative carbonate units in the Middle East. In Iraq, limited information regarding the regional distribution of the Rumaila Formation within a sequence stratigraphic framework prompted this work. This study integrates geophysical well logs (i.e. gamma ray, sonic and density logs) and a detailed microfacies study of the core and cutting samples to suggest the sequence stratigraphic framework of the studied sections. The detailed carbonate microfacies study of over 100 samples from the four available wells (WQA, WQB, WQC, and WQD) within the West Qurna Oil Field suggests deposition from the outer to the middle ramp with the influence of the shoal environment. The Rumaila Formation could be correlated to the early part of the highstand face of the Wasia Group with a Cenomanian to Early Turonian age. There is no clear evidence of unconformity or a time gap between the Ahmadi and Rumaila formations in the studied area. The sequence stratigraphic study of 80 m of the Rumaila Formation revealed the identification of three 4
th -ordered stratigraphic sequences (RLS1, RLS2 and RLS3). Moreover, this study identified a potential regional correlative maximum flooding surface that correlates with the regional established one (i.e. K-130). Two marine flooding surfaces were identified within the studied sections and could be further correlated regionally. Because of the intercalation between the Rumaila and Mishrif formations in southern Iraq, identifying these regional marine intrusion episodes (i.e. K-130 and K-135) provides credible evidence to clearly differentiate them. In the transgressive system tracts (TST), the deepening upward trend is invariably accompanied by an increase in gamma-ray and density log values, a decrease in acoustic and neutron log values, and vice versa in the high stand system tracts (HST). Thus, wireline logs provide insight into the sequence stratigraphic framework in carbonate rocks, especially when sedimentological data is missing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Study of Light and Heavy Minerals and Their Effect on Oil Aggregation in the Zubair Formation for the Rumaila Oil Field in Southern Iraq.
- Author
-
Al- Humaidan, Zainab A., Al-Jaberi, Mohanad H., Al-Mayyahi, Haider K., and Al-Mutouri, Zainab A.
- Subjects
HEAVY minerals ,OIL fields ,MINERAL oils ,MUSCOVITE ,PETROLEUM reservoirs ,ZIRCON - Abstract
Copyright of Iraqi Journal of Science is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Reservoir Characterization of Lower Qamchuqa (Shu'aiba) Formation from the Well BH-86, Bai- Hassan Oil field, Northern Iraq.
- Author
-
Shahab, Sabir S., Baban, Dler H., and Kadhim, Lafta S.
- Subjects
OIL fields ,FLUID flow ,MUDSTONE ,PETROLEUM reservoirs ,SHALE ,GAS condensate reservoirs - Abstract
Copyright of Iraqi Journal of Science is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Biozonation (benthic foraminifera) of Mishrif Formation at Majnoon and Zubair oil fields, southern Iraq.
- Author
-
AL-DULAIMY, SALAM I. M., IBRAHIM, YASAMIN KH., and ABDALLAH, FATIMA T.
- Subjects
FORAMINIFERA ,FOSSIL foraminifera ,BIVALVES ,BOREHOLES ,OIL fields ,GASTROPODA - Abstract
The Mishrif Formation represents a carbonate succession that deposited in major parts of the Arabian Plate during the Cenomanian stage. The formation is rich in fossils including foraminifera, rudists, and algae. This study includes determination of the biozones and biostratigraphic limits of three boreholes sections of Mishrif Formation (Cenomanian) from Majnoon and Zubair oil fields in southern Iraq within the Mesopotamian Basin. A new biostratigraphic scheme is introduced based on the study of benthic foraminifera that occur in the complete succession of Mishrif Formation. Depending on the vertical distribution of benthic foraminifera, four biozones in the studied sections have been established, they include: 1 - Miliolids Abundance Biozone that is characterized by the first appearance of miliolids to first appearance of Nezzazata conica, and include rudist, gastropoda, pelecypoda and algae, 2 - Nezzazata simplex - Nezzazata conica Concurrent Biozone (Middle Cenomanian) is distinguished by the first appearance of Nezzazata simplex, Nezzazata conica, Praealveolina cretacea, and Pseudorhapydionia laurinensis. Other associated benthic foraminifera include Nezzazata concave, Praealveolina tenuis, Chrysalidina sp., Cuneolina pavonia, Multispirina iranica, Biconcava bentori, Qataria dukhani, Dicyclina schlumbergari, Tabrina beingstani, Cisalveolina sp., and Carinoconus iraqiensis. 3 - Pseudorhapydionian laurinensis - Praealveolina cretacea Concurrent Biozone (Early Late Cenomanian) is identified by the last occurrence of Nezzazata simplex with the first occurrence of Psudorhapydionian laurinensis, and Praealveoilina cretacea, and the last occurrence of both taxa. This biozone also shows the occurrence of Cisalveolina fallax, Tabarian bingstani, Carinoconus iraqiensis, Spiroloculina sp., Chrysalidina gradata, Biconcava bentori, Qataria dukhani, Pseudotexularella sp., and Dicyclina schlumbergari. 4 - Pseudolituonella reicheli-Chrysalidina gradata Concurrent Biozone (Latest Cenomanian) is marked by the first and last occurrence of Pseudolituonella reicheli and Chrysalidina gradate. Other diagnosed foraminifera include: Spiroloculina sp., Rotalia sp., Pseudorhapydionia sp., Quinquelaculina sp., Nummulculina heimi, and Discorbis sp. Based on the stratigraphic ranges of the available fossils of the studied sections, the age of Mishrif Formation is estimated to be of Middle-latest Cenomanian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Lukoil Retracts Decision to Sell Stake in Iraq's Field: Al-Sabah.
- Author
-
Al-Ansary, Khalid
- Subjects
DISINVESTMENT ,CHINESE corporations ,OIL fields - Abstract
The oil ministry is working to get official approvals to buy Exxon Mobil's stake in West Qurna-1 field, Jabbar said. Keywords: 857@HK; 883@HK; LKOH@RM; PERT@IJ; XOM; ALLTOP; ASIA; ASIATOP; BUSINESS; CHINA; CMD; COS; GEN; GOV; HK; INDUSTRIES; IRAQ; MARKETS; MIDEAST; NORTHAM; NRG; OIL; POL; STK; US; WORLD; WWTOP; WWTOPEU EN 857@HK 883@HK LKOH@RM PERT@IJ XOM ALLTOP ASIA ASIATOP BUSINESS CHINA CMD COS GEN GOV HK INDUSTRIES IRAQ MARKETS MIDEAST NORTHAM NRG OIL POL STK US WORLD WWTOP WWTOPEU QX3TYXT0AFB7 (Bloomberg) -- Russia's Lukoil PJSC is retracting its decision to sell its stake in West Qurna-2 field in the south to Chinese companies, according to Iraqi state-run newspaper Al-Sabah. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2021
45. Produced Water Management Method Selection Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Process: A Case for Southern Iraqi Oil Fields.
- Author
-
Alshamkhani, Maher and Elshennawy, Ahmad K.
- Subjects
OIL fields ,WATER management ,PETROLEUM ,DECISION making - Abstract
With increasing oil demand and consumption, the frequency of petroleum-related ecological incidents is increasing. Produced Water (PW) is the most common petroleum-related contaminant frequently discharged into the surrounding onshore and offshore ecosystems. Reducing environmental and economic impacts of PW needs to have efficient tools to select an ecofriendly method to effectively manage it. In fact, different methods and technologies for managing PW are available in current markets with each having its own advantages and disadvantages. Also, the required specifications of PW are the determinant of management selection strategy. In addition, selection of treatment technology is field dependent and based on the regular practices during production operations. This paper introduces one of the Multi Criteria- Decision Making (MCDM) tools which is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for hard decision making to select the best management method for the PW that has been produced from the onshore- southern Iraqi oil fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
46. تحليل مسار الاصلاح الاقتصادي و معوقاته في اقليم كردستان- العراق.
- Author
-
سردار عثمان خضر ب
- Subjects
ECONOMIC reform ,OIL fields ,LAW reform ,NATURAL resources ,PUBLIC domain ,REGIONAL banks ,BANK deposits ,DEPOSIT insurance - Abstract
Copyright of Iraqi Journal For Economic Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. DATASET THE ANNUAL GROWTH GENERATED OF RENEWABLE ENERGY BETWEEN TURKEY, IRAN AND IRAQ.
- Author
-
Al-NAFFAKH, Jameel and Al-QASSAB, Mohammed R.
- Subjects
RENEWABLE energy sources ,WIND power ,SOLAR energy ,OIL fields ,ENERGY consumption ,ENERGY futures - Abstract
The consumption of fossil fuels has risen to be the main source of energy generation in most countries since the start of the industrial revolution around the world. The greenhouse gases generated from this use produce significant negative effects on the environment and human health. As a result of these disadvantages, the world needs to search for alternative energy sources that are low in carbon. The article focused on the amount of renewable energy generation in Turkey, Iran and Iraq from the collection of statistical data for the period from 2010-2020. Turkey occupied the clear progress to benefit from renewable energy sources, followed by Iran and Iraq. Where the percentage of annual growth of power generation based on hydropower in Turkey, Iran and Iraq (71.4%, 28.5% and 0.1%) respectively. With regard to other sources of renewable energy, Turkey had the largest share in generating energy from wind and solar energy, with an annual growth rate of (88.03%, 98.22%), respectively. Finally, renewable energy can be considered as a promising source of energy for future generations when correct planning policies are determined by countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
48. The effect of groundwater petroleum hydrocarbons contaminants on chlorine removal in Basra city (south of Iraq): An application of mixed technology of permeable reactive barrier.
- Author
-
Arab, Saad Abu-Alhail and Mohammed, Rusul Naseer
- Subjects
PERMEABLE reactive barriers ,CHLOROHYDROCARBONS ,OIL fields ,PETROLEUM ,POLLUTANTS ,GROUNDWATER ,TOLUENE - Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants in groundwater are among the most impactful environmental problems in oil production in southern Iraq, especially Basra city. Petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants affect related projects surrounding the primary pollution site. Benzene, toluene, and dimethylbenzene are the most toxic pollutants affecting the removal of perchloroethene (Cl2C=CCl2) and trichloroethene (C2HCl3) in groundwater. These pollutants have high solubility in water, leading to their transport over long distances in groundwater and difficult removal. The influence of petroleum hydrocarbons on the chlorine removal of perchloroethene and trichloroethene was studied using a polytetrafluorethylene column packed with zero-valent iron (ZVI). Batch experiments were implemented to investigate the equilibrium supply of mixtures between the aqueous and solid stages in packed column systems. It was designated using the Freundlich isotherm expression, and the result showed that R2 was greater than 0.97 for benzene, toluene, and xylene. The column study noted that the reaction constant was decreased in all columns by approximately 48 % when the pore volume was between 50 and 205, which reflects the dechlorination priority of P-CE over T-CE. These findings indicate that benzene and toluene are more effective for adsorption on the ZVI particle surfaces owing to disparate influences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. EVALUATION OF RESERVOIR POTENTIALITY OF THE SINJAR FORMATION WITHIN THE TAQ –TAQ OIL FIELD, KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ.
- Author
-
Hussein, Devan O.
- Subjects
OIL fields ,CARBONATE rocks ,PETROLEUM reservoirs ,CARBONATE reservoirs ,FLUID flow ,POROSITY - Abstract
Copyright of Iraqi Bulletin of Geology & Mining is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
50. MICROFACIES, DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS AND DIAGENETIC PROCESSES OF THE MISHRIF AND YAMAMA FORMATIONS AT FAIHA AND SINDIBAD OILFIELDS, SOUTH IRAQ.
- Author
-
Handhal, Amna M., Chafeet, Hussein A., and Dahham, Nawfal A.
- Subjects
OIL fields ,SEASHELLS ,PARAGENESIS ,LIMESTONE ,MARINE sediments ,MUDSTONE ,MINERALS - Abstract
Copyright of Iraqi Bulletin of Geology & Mining is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.