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Half a million Mexicans left Mexico during the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920), and another half a million left in the 1920s. San Antonio became home to the largest Mexican community in Texas; new immigrants joined both older immigrants and Mexican Americans. Some looked to the United States as the focus of their new lives while others promoted a Mexican identity based on the nationalist rhetoric of the Mexican Revolution. This paper looks at the latter and the institutions that supported it in San Antonio--La Prensa newspaper, the mutualistas, and the Mexican consulate--to understand how the ideology of México de Afuera worked on the ground. I argue that, more than simply a conservative ideology, México de Afuera enjoyed widespread support because it fit into migrants' worldviews. Central to the idea of México de Afuera was the belief that people would return to Mexico one day. The Great Depression put this to the test and led nearly every Mexican organization in Texas to support and organize repatriation. México de Afuera ultimately hindered the creation of a forceful defense of Mexican migrants as members of the US polity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the federal legal case known as In re Rodriguez in which Mexican resident Ricardo Rodriguez applied for citizenship in San Antonio, Texas in 1896 on the basis of his residency since 1883. His application for citizenship was brought before Democrat-appointed judge Thomas S. Maxey and was questioned by Populist lawyer Theodore J. McMinn and Republican counselor Andrew Jackson Evans. Topics considered include election fraud in Texas involving Mexicans as voters, racial attitudes of Populists, and the political activity of Mexican Americans in 19th century Texas.

This article traces how Mexican American Studies (MAS) scholar activists led and supported a statewide movement for MAS in Texas. As a Xicana feminist scholar activist, Saldaña draws from her retrospective memory and personal archive of organizational notes, movement documents, personal testimonies before the State Board of Education, and photos, to document her journey within this epistemic justice movement. In doing so, she narrates the processes of creation/resistance that led to change in a state that has historically excluded Black, Brown, and Indigenous histories from school curricula. As a scholar activist involved in various parts of this movement, Saldaña also examines the various interconnected layers of this movement--from local efforts in San Antonio, where she teaches, to statewide organizing--to chronicle the institutional and grassroots processes that led to this historic victory in Texas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article looks at the biculturalization of Tejanos in San Antonio and Lardeo, Texas, focusing on the role of Spanish-language newspaper advertisements. The transmission of stereotypical middle-class Anglo-American imagery within the advertisements of Spanish-language newspapers is discussed. Social conditions of Mexicans and Mexican Americans living in ethnic communities in Texas during the early 1900s are considered. Weekly publications reviewed include San Antonio's "El Regidor" and Laredo's "La Cronica."

In this study, we examined the ways in which normalista teachers and Mexican American paraprofessionals in a teacher-training program in San Antonio, Texas conceptualize culture. Studying the shifts in their social locations and positions as teacher aides or as foreign-trained teachers, we charted transitions taken by these developing professionals as they reconstructed their notions of culture. Central to this are the beliefs normalistas express about Mexican American paraprofessionals and vice versa. We used self-administered questionnaires and focus groups to collect the data, and content analysis, both manifest and latent, served to complete the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article which is the author's testimony of growing up in the deep westside of San Antonio, Texas, challenges entrenched structures of power from that location and embodies the meanings of working class Tejana agency. Faith, work, family, and community are the wellsprings of the author's agency. This started with the story of her parents who crossed the Mexican-U.S. border separately with their parents during the Mexican Revolution of 1910. The author's acceptance of her family's values has been an evolutionary process, but they continue to be the main anchors of her life. The author went on to describe the kinds of oppression and discrimination she experienced while she was growing up.

This article documents the challenges of cultural production through oral history interviews with singer Rosita Fernandez. As a Mexicana public performer in Texas, the ability to carve out a livelihood as a public performer was quite a feat, particularly in the earlier decades of the 20th century. Her negotiations of racialized representations, language, gender, and class as a Mexicana public figure in San Antonio, Texas reveal the complexity and tensions that exist for Tejana singers within a hegemonic Anglo-Texan public sphere. The brief biographical overview presented in this article of her life and career reveals intricate ways in which she negotiated aspects of her career and personal life.

Studies the prevalence and incidence of hypertension and diabetes among Mexican Americans in San Antonio, Texas. Comparison with non-Hispanic whites; Sex differences; Comparison with the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in Mexico City, Mexico.

Catholicism and a parochial school education have often been cited among the causes for the slow rate of assimilation attributed to Mexican Americans. In order to test these assumptions a study was conducted in San Antonio, Texas, during the spring of 1973. Using Gordon's seven subtypes of assimilation as a theoretical framework, a seven-part questionnaire was devised, pretested, and later administered to eighth-grade students. The sample was composed of 405 Mexican Americans attending nine public and nine parochial schools. The resulting data not only failed to substantiate the assumplions but also indicated that parochial school students were significantly more assimilated in five of the seven subtypes of assimilation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]