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2. The Future of Work and Skills in ETF Partner Countries. ETF Issues Paper
- Author
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European Training Foundation (ETF) (Italy), Popper, Rafael, and Loikkanen, Torsti
- Abstract
This ETF Issues Paper on the Future of Work and Skills is the first attempt to collect and analyse existing information and data on the skills demands of the future in ETF partner countries, and to explore responses for better managing the transition (transformation) towards an inclusive future for the benefit of individuals and societies. Thus, the paper analyses the impact of global developments on skills demands in ETF partner countries in order to support their discussions on the policy reforms required for managing the transition to the future. Rather than making a detailed analysis of each individual country, the paper reviews the general trends across the four regions of the ETF's partner countries: South Eastern Europe and Turkey (SEET), Eastern Partnership (EaP), Southern and Eastern Mediterranean (SEMED) and Central Asia.
- Published
- 2019
3. Higher Education: What Role Can the Commonwealth Play? Background Paper for Discussion at the 19th Conference of Commonwealth Education Ministers
- Author
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Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU) (United Kingdom) and Kirkland, John
- Abstract
Higher education is increasingly recognised as being critical to social and economic prosperity. It is also a policy area where the Commonwealth could significantly increase its impact. This could be achieved without major cost, by working through activities already in place, and persuading member governments to make stronger use of these brands and mechanisms. This paper focuses on four key areas selected by the the 19th Conference of Commonwealth Education Ministers (19CCEM) Steering Committee: (1) Costs and access; (2) Links with employment; (3) Securing the next generation of academics; and (4) Student and staff mobility. These were chosen because of their importance, relevance to conference themes, and synergy with existing Commonwealth-related initiatives. In each case, the brief summary of issues is intended to stimulate debate on whether, and how, the Commonwealth could play a greater role. [This paper was prepared for the Conference of Commonwealth Education Ministers (19CCEM) (19th, Bahamas, Jun 22-26, 2015).]
- Published
- 2015
4. National Strategies for Coping with Unemployment: An International Perspective. Occasional Paper No. 69.
- Author
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Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education. and Emmerij, Louis
- Abstract
This paper considers the economics of employment and education in industralized countries, particularly European countries. The paper covers six main topics. The first part deals with the present European employment situation, using figures mainly from Holland; the second part is an economic outlook for the 1980s; in the third, the employment and economic situations are combined, and the resulting employment prospects are considered. Discussed in part 4 are economic policies to cope with unemployment. Labor market policies are the subject of the fifth part, while the last section looks at social and cultural policies and what education can do within an overall packet to cope with the unemployment problem. A question-and-answer section follows. The paper maintains that actual unemployment is worse than the figures would indicate because of the rate of disability retirement; suggestions are made for policies of re-education, economic restructuring, and stimulation of international demand. (KC)
- Published
- 1981
5. Children of Migrants and Ethnic Minorities: An Overview and Conceptual Framework. Innocenti Occasional Papers. The Urban Child Series, Number 5.
- Author
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United Nations Children's Fund, Florence (Italy). International Child Development Centre., Blanc, Cristina S., and Chiozzi, Paolo
- Abstract
In Western Europe, internal and international migrations have generated vulnerable populations, notably an increasing number of children and young people of "foreign" parentage. Their problems are not specific to one ethnic group but derive from sociocultural processes and from situations of social relegation. Case studies based on a literature review provide profiles of the situation of migrant families and children in the Netherlands, France, the United Kingdom, and Italy. Each study discusses political and ideological attitudes toward immigrant groups, the historical context of migrations, and key aspects of relevant legislation. The social and ethno-cultural situations of major migrant groups are examined, focusing on family and household data, school performance, nutrition and health status, youth employment, and encounters with the law. The studies indicate that a growing number of children are being affected by divided families, "commuter" or cyclical migrations, the feminization and racialization of poverty, informal-sector employment, formation of ghettos, and loss of hope. Although migrant children have lower educational attainment than "indigenous" children with similar socioeconomic characteristics, the same migrant populations fare differently in different host countries. There is an urgent need for the European community to adopt a new social agenda in which migrants and their children figure prominently. This paper contains 81 references. (SV)
- Published
- 1992
6. The Next Steps for Apprenticeship. Cedefop Reference Series. No 118
- Author
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Cedefop - European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (France), Cedefop - European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training, and Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (France)
- Abstract
In a context of considerable interest in apprenticeship in recent years, Cedefop and the OECD decided to explore its future from the perspective of a number of megatrends, including sociodemographic changes, the accelerated adoption of emerging technologies and new forms of work organisation. They also considered how these trends have affected, and will continue to affect, the design and delivery of apprenticeship in European and OECD countries. The combination of the emerging economic crisis as an aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, together with long-term structural trends affecting global economies, will entail a profound transformation of the world of work and require effective policy responses in the years to come. This publication provides insights from 16 papers by researchers from Europe, Australia and the United States; nine were presented and discussed among policy-makers, practitioners and researchers during the joint Cedefop-OECD symposium on the future of apprenticeship held in October 2019 in Paris. Evidence and analysis in these papers will help inform political decisions shaping the future of apprenticeship.
- Published
- 2021
7. The Role of European (Transnational) Business Actors in the Emergence of a Boundary Spanning Policy Regime in European Education and Employment
- Author
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Marina Cino Pagliarello
- Abstract
Although research on European education policy has aptly focused on the role of supranational and intergovernmental actors, less attention has been devoted to its analysis as a policy arena in which legitimacy can be created and power can be exerted in sophisticated ways. Specifically, the role of non-state actors as agenda-setters for European education and employment policies is still unexplored. By combining a neo-Gramscian approach of political economy with Jochim and May's boundary spanning policy regimes' perspective, which captures activity across policy subsystems that seek to manage 'wicked' policy problems, this paper looks at the role of private and business actors, and specifically the European Round Table of Industrialists (ERT), in European education during the 1980s and 1990s. The findings show how this period can be considered a foundational period for the emergence of a BSPR in education and employment, and in which specific goals and directions were set out in the European education agenda more fine-tuned with employment goals and industry's needs. Moreover, the paper illustrates why private and non-state actors shape boundary policy spanning regimes at the nexus of education and employment, which in this case reflected the economic interests and preferences of European transnational companies.
- Published
- 2023
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8. Forming a Supranational Boundary-Spanning Policy Regime -- European Intersectoral Coordination in Education and Employment
- Author
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Marcelo Marques, Lukas Graf, and Judith Rohde-Liebenau
- Abstract
While European governance of individual policy sectors has received considerable academic scrutiny, less attention has been paid to the development of intersectoral coordination. This paper charts the emergence of a supranational boundary-spanning policy regime (BSPR) in education and employment in Europe. By looking at issues, ideas, interests and institutions, we gain a deeper understanding of the conditions for the emergence and further institutionalisation of European intersectoral coordination in education and employment from the 1990s onwards. The study relies on semi-structured interviews with European policy-makers in education and employment and EU policy documents. We analyse how endogenous and exogenous factors frame (policy) issues that contribute to the emergence and further strengthening of intersectoral coordination, the extent to which "ideas" for European education and employment stress intersectoral policy designs, how "interests" support or hinder intersectoral work, and which "institutions" are developed with an intersectoral reasoning. We find that endogenous forces (rather than exogenous ones) played a significant role in the emergence of a European BSPR in education and employment. Structural aspects and policy instruments ("institutions"), alongside "ideas" and "interests," then contribute to the institutionalisation of the European BSPR in education and employment.
- Published
- 2023
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9. Teachers in Transition. A Biographical Perspective on Transnational Professionalisation of Internationally Educated Teachers in Germany
- Author
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Terhart, Henrike
- Abstract
Teachers trained in one country are often not allowed to serve as teachers in another country because their teacher's license is not recognised as equivalent. The barriers these teachers have to overcome in order to work in their profession again are high and often require further (full) teacher training at the university. The paper provides insights into the conditions for teachers who participate in (re-)qualification programmes in Germany and Europe. By linking the theoretical concepts of a biographical approach to teacher professionalisation and transnationalisation in education, the results of an interview study with teachers who have participated in a programme for refugee teachers at a university in Germany are presented. The Grounded Theory analysis reconstructs the strategies of internationally educated teachers managing to keep up their hope to be able to work as teachers again and thus counter the formal de-professionalisation they are facing.
- Published
- 2022
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10. Free Digital Learning for Inclusion of Migrants and Refugees in Europe: A Qualitative Analysis of Three Types of Learning Purposes
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Castaño Muñoz, Jonatan, Colucci, Elizabeth, and Smidt, Hanne
- Abstract
The increasing number of migrants and refugees arriving in Europe places new demands on European education systems. In this context, the role that free digital learning (FDL) could play in fostering inclusion has attracted renewed interest. While the existing literature highlights some general design principles for developing FDL for migrants and refugees, there is little information on the use of FDL at specific education levels, or for specific learning purposes. This paper presents the results of a qualitative study that was carried out as part of the Moocs4Inclusion project of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) between July and December 2016. The study, which has a European focus, disaggregates the analysis of FDL initiatives by what were identified as its three most common purposes: (a) language learning, (b) civic integration and employment, and (c) higher education. For each of these topics, the study sheds light on the approaches used by a wide sample of initiatives, users' levels of awareness of what is available and take up, and migrants' and refugees' perceptions of the current offer. In order to collect the information needed to cover different approaches and perspectives, semi-structured interviews with 24 representatives of 10 FDL initiatives and four focus groups with 39 migrants and refugees were carried out. The results show that there are indeed overlaps between the purposes of FDL initiatives and their design principles. Specific recommendations on how to better design FDL initiatives for migrants and refugees, taking into account their specific purposes, have also been identified.
- Published
- 2018
11. A meta-regression of the impact of policy on the efficacy of individual placement and support.
- Author
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Brinchmann B, Widding-Havneraas T, Modini M, Rinaldi M, Moe CF, McDaid D, Park AL, Killackey E, Harvey SB, and Mykletun A
- Subjects
- Asia, Australia, Europe, Humans, North America, Policy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Employment methods, Employment, Supported statistics & numerical data, Mental Disorders rehabilitation
- Abstract
Objective: Individual placement and support (IPS) has shown consistently better outcomes on competitive employment for patients with severe mental illness than traditional vocational rehabilitation. The evidence for efficacy originates from few countries, and generalization to different countries has been questioned. This has delayed implementation of IPS and led to requests for country-specific RCTs. This meta-analysis examines if evidence for IPS efficacy can be generalized between rather different countries., Methods: A systematic search was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines to identify RCTs. Overall efficacy was established by meta-analysis. The generalizability of IPS efficacy between countries was analysed by random-effects meta-regression, employing country- and date-specific contextual data obtained from the OECD and the World Bank., Results: The systematic review identified 27 RCTs. Employment rates are more than doubled in IPS compared with standard vocational rehabilitation (RR 2.07 95% CI 1.82-2.35). The efficacy of IPS was marginally moderated by strong legal protection against dismissals. It was not moderated by regulation of temporary employment, generosity of disability benefits, type of integration policies, GDP, unemployment rate or employment rate for those with low education., Conclusions: The evidence for efficacy of IPS is very strong. The efficacy of IPS can be generalized between countries., (© 2019 The Authors. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
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12. Are platform workers willing to unionize? Exploring survey evidence from 14 European countries.
- Author
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Vandaele, Kurt, Piasna, Agnieszka, and Zwysen, Wouter
- Subjects
LABOR unions ,EMPLOYMENT ,LABOR market ,SOCIAL norms - Abstract
Embedded in the particular model of work organization of digital labour platforms, platform workers face several hurdles discouraging them from becoming trade union members. These relate to algorithmic management, regulatory arbitrage regarding the employment arrangements and the promotion of an entrepreneurial orientation among platform workers. Nevertheless, based on data from a representative survey in 14 European countries, union density in the platform economy stands at 13.4 per cent. This should be interpreted as a kind of “platform unionism” that exists by coincidence, however, as union membership is most likely rooted in the labour market status of platform workers in the conventional economy. Compared to the general population, platform workers have stronger pro-union attitudes and are more receptive to union membership. Probably partly reflecting difficulties in the ability to unionize, there is still a gap, though, between attitudes and willingness to unionize: whereas about two-thirds of platform workers hold positive attitudes towards unions, only over a quarter state that they would like to join a union. Apart from those positive pro-union attitudes, the propensity to unionize also seems to be determined by engagement in offline networks that promote a social norm of union membership and online participation in digital work-related communities. While these findings could inform union recruitment and organizing strategies, it is needless to say that the heterogeneity of the platform workforce, strongly influenced by the different ways in which workers participate in the platform economy, requires at the same time tailor-made strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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13. The Determinants of Degree Programme Satisfaction
- Author
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Whelan, Adele and McGuinness, Seamus
- Abstract
Using a unique European dataset for graduates, this paper examines the determinants of college satisfaction and investigates the relative importance of human capital, course composition, and subsequent employment outcomes. We find that aspects of the degree programme related to the mode of teaching and personal development were considerably more important in determining college satisfaction, relative to the field of study, or the subsequent jobs that they obtained. Our results highlight that practical learning approaches and an experience that enhances non-cognitive personal development (NCPD) are some of the course attributes most valued by students retrospectively. Therefore, universities can enhance the quality of student experiences, and also equip them with aspects of human capital allowing them to prosper within the labour market, with an increased focus on both applied learning experiences and non-cognitive personal development.
- Published
- 2021
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14. New Technologies and the Employment of Disabled Persons.
- Author
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International Labour Office, Geneva (Switzerland)., Hunt, H. Allan, Berkowitz, Monroe, Hunt, H. Allan, Berkowitz, Monroe, and International Labour Office, Geneva (Switzerland).
- Abstract
This report focuses on technology training programs for disabled persons, the contributions of access technology to the employment of disabled persons, the ability of traditional rehabilitation centers to train disabled persons for advanced technology occupations, and the placement and employment of disabled persons trained in new technologies. Following an introduction, the second chapter explores the impacts of new technology on the employment of disabled persons and describes the project, conducted by Rehabilitation International and sponsored by the International Labour Office, that resulted in this collection of papers. Subsequent chapters present the papers, as follows: "New Technology Training Programs for Disabled Persons in Great Britain" (Paul Cornes and others); "The Effect of New Technology on the Employment of Blind and Visually Impaired Persons in Four Western European Countries" (Lawrence A. Scadden); "Factors Associated with the Traditional Rehabilitation Centre's Ability To Train Disabled Persons for Advanced Technology Occupations" (Michael J. Leahy and Robert Leneway); "Computer-Based Technology for Disabled Persons in Working Life: A Holistic Approach" (Jan Breding and Ulf Keijer); "The Contributions of New Access Technology to the Employment of Disabled Persons in Japan" (Shinichi Okada and Takeshi Yatougo); "New Technologies and the Employment of Disabled Persons in Israel" (Emanuel) Chigier); "New Technologies and the Employment of Disabled Persons in Four Developed Countries" (Jacques Dawans); and "New Technology in Rehabilitation: A Hungarian Perspective" (Gyorgy Konczei). A final chapter draws conclusions and makes recommendations. (JDD)
- Published
- 1992
15. Social Investment, Redistribution or Basic Income? Exploring the Association Between Automation Risk and Welfare State Attitudes in Europe.
- Author
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BUSEMEYER, MARIUS R. and SAHM, ALEXANDER H. J.
- Subjects
INVESTMENTS ,WORK environment ,SOCIAL support ,INCOME ,RISK assessment ,OCCUPATIONS ,AUTOMATION ,GOVERNMENT policy ,EMPLOYMENT ,WAGES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PUBLIC welfare ,LABOR market - Abstract
Rapid technological change – the digitalization and automation of work – is challenging contemporary welfare states. Most of the existing research, however, focuses on its effect on labor market outcomes, such as employment or wage levels. In contrast, this paper studies the implications of technological change for welfare state attitudes and preferences. Compared to previous work on this topic, this paper adopts a much broader perspective regarding different kinds of social policy. Using data from the European Social Survey, we find that individual automation risk is positively associated with support for redistribution, but negatively with support for social investment policies (partly depending on the specific measure of automation risk that is used), while there is no statistically significant association with support for basic income. We also find a moderating effect of the overall size of the welfare state on the micro-level association between risk and preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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16. The rights of Turkish migrants in Europe under international law and EU law.
- Author
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Cicekli B
- Subjects
- Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, Europe, Population, Population Dynamics, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Family Characteristics, Transients and Migrants, Women
- Published
- 1999
17. [Vocationally motivated migration behavior in double-income households. An empirical analysis using GSOEP data].
- Author
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Jurges H
- Subjects
- Behavior, Demography, Developed Countries, Emigration and Immigration, Europe, Germany, Marriage, Population, Population Dynamics, Social Sciences, Humans, Decision Making, Economics, Employment, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Family Characteristics, Interpersonal Relations, Marital Status, Research, Sociology, Transients and Migrants
- Published
- 1998
18. Resources, attractiveness, family commitment; reproductive decisions in human mate choice.
- Author
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Bereczkei T, Voros S, Gal A, and Bernath L
- Subjects
- Behavior, Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, Europe, Europe, Eastern, Fertility, Hungary, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Research, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Age Factors, Decision Making, Employment, Family Characteristics, Marital Status, Marriage, Sampling Studies, Sexual Behavior
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
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19. Is the Austrian labour market ethnically segmented?
- Author
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Fassmann H
- Subjects
- Austria, Culture, Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, Europe, Health Workforce, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Ethnicity, Social Mobility, Transients and Migrants
- Published
- 1997
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20. [Documented foreign immigrants in Italy: ethnic ties and insertion into the labor force].
- Author
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Ambrosini M
- Subjects
- Culture, Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, Europe, Health Workforce, Italy, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Social Change, Acculturation, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Ethnicity, Occupations, Transients and Migrants
- Published
- 1997
21. [On subject-matter, methodological, and organizational guidelines of the All-Russian Census of Population of 1999].
- Author
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Mikhailov E
- Subjects
- Culture, Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, Europe, Europe, Eastern, Health Workforce, Organization and Administration, Population, Population Characteristics, Research, Russia, Age Factors, Censuses, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Ethnicity, Family Characteristics, Health Planning, Population Dynamics, Sex Factors
- Published
- 1996
22. A Precarious Path to Partnership? The Moderating Effects of Labour Market Regulations on the Relationship Between Unstable Employment and Union Formation in Europe.
- Author
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Hsu, Chen-Hao and Engelhardt, Henriette
- Subjects
LABOR market ,EMPLOYMENT ,STATISTICS ,UNMARRIED couples - Abstract
Rising employment uncertainty featured by higher risks of being temporarily employed or unemployed is often seen as the driving force behind delayed and declined partnering in Western countries. However, such an employment–partnering relationship is contextualized by labour market institutions and thus could diverge across countries over time. This paper aims to investigate how country-level variations in labour market regulations moderate individual-level effects of unstable employment on union formation, including the transitions into marriage or cohabitation unions. Using comparative panel data for 26 countries from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (the years 2010–2019), our multilevel fixed effects models showed that temporary employment and unemployment negatively affected the probability of union formation for single women and men in Europe. Moreover, the negative relationship between unstable employment and union formation was reinforced when labour market reforms were stimulating insider–outsider segregations or decreasing welfare provisions. Specifically, stricter employment protection legislations and higher coverage rates of collective bargaining agreements could reinforce the negative effects of temporary employment and unemployment on union formation, while more generous provisions of unemployment benefits could buffer such negative effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Labour market dualization and social policy in pandemic times: an in-depth analysis of private consumption services in Europe.
- Author
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Pavolini, Emmanuele, Fullin, Giovanna, and Scalise, Gemma
- Subjects
CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,LABOR market ,SOCIAL policy ,SOCIAL marketing ,WAGE surveys ,TOURISM websites ,FOOD tourism - Abstract
Purpose: This article contributes to the debate on how social policies and labour market regulation have been used to limit the socio-economic consequences of the pandemic by focusing on one specific economic segment of European labour markets: private consumption services, such as trade, tourism, catering and other support services. Design/methodology/approach: The analysis combines mixed methods and a variety of sources. First, we built a set of indicators from the EU-LFS microdata for 2019 and the 2018 Eurostat "Structure of earnings survey" and performed a cluster analysis (k-means) on the dimensions and indicators considered. Second, we elaborated EU-LFS data covering 2019 and 2020 (by quarter) and OECD 2020 data, and finally we traced Covid-related policy reforms for the period March 2020–December 2021 and analysed documents and information collected in different policy repositories. Findings: The paper shows the relevance and characteristics of private consumption services in different countries, demonstrating that so-called labour market "outsiders" are highly represented in this sector and illustrates the policies adopted to respond to the pandemic in different European countries. The paper asks whether this emergency has been a window of opportunity to redefine regulation in this sector, making it more inclusive. It demonstrates, however, that the common approach in Europe has been dominated by temporary, short-term and one-off measures, which do not represent major changes to the social security schemes that were in place before the pandemic. Originality/value: This article builds on the literature on labour market dualization, but approaches the concept from a different perspective – one not centred on the nature of employment relations (stable/unstable) but on economic sectors/branches. This article does not, therefore, discuss in general terms what happened to labour market outsiders during the pandemic, but rather focus attention on a specific group of workers who are highly exposed to risks stemming from dualization: those employed in the private consumption services. The economic sector perspective is an integrative way of framing dualization which is still under-researched. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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24. TRENDS IN JOB CREATION IN EUROPE.
- Author
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Beqiri, Theranda and Murati, Valentina
- Subjects
JOB creation ,SERVICE industries ,EMPLOYMENT ,LABOR market - Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to identify new job creation in Europe and analyzes different findings from literature sources about trends that are currently more active. With work, we can refer to an activity that is carried out by one or more people voluntarily to achieve payment. And by work trend, we refer to that type of work which has gained a greater expansion and is being worked on more in the European market, not every time it is meant that that work is paid more but that it is simply being demanded more by companies, businesses, institutions private or public. The methodology used for this paper is a literature review of the latest research and data about job creation in Europe. The labor market in Europe recently started to change a lot, especially during and after the pandemic, thus enabling great growth in the technology sector. Considering that new technologies are constantly coming into this stream, new opportunities are also being made possible. But not always with good results, as Al technology is predicted to replace thousands of workforces in the future. The strongest growth of jobs is predicted in professional, scientific, and services technical, as well as in human health and social work, while the biggest drop can happen in production. Technology has and will continue to create new jobs, recently we can often see calls for training for web-developer, application developers, media managers, influencers, etc. Therefore, from this research review, we concluded that the main driver of job creation in Europe has been the service sector, which accounts for almost 80% of total employment in the EU. In recent years, the demand for highly skilled workers has increased, mainly due to the increased demand for ICT and other technology-related skills. Additionally, the digitization of manufacturing has led to a demand for workers with technological skills in the manufacturing sector. From all mentioned above it would be highly recommended that the European labor market be more careful about the future steps and invest in the right paths for better development in the future, such as pieces of training, education, diversity, and also on the latest technology trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
25. Professional Development through Self-Directed Expatriation: Intentions and Outcomes for Young, Educated Eastern Europeans
- Author
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Felker, Julie A.
- Abstract
This article explores the experiences of young, well-educated Eastern Europeans who have moved to Western Europe in search of opportunities for professional development, opportunities that, for the most part, are not available in their home countries. The focus of this paper is on the resulting outcome of downskilling, where these individuals work in positions well below their levels of education and capability. Based on 22 in-depth interviews with workers living in Ireland, England, the Netherlands, Poland and the Czech Republic, the study offers two major findings. First, although self-directed expatriates move to host countries specifically for professional development opportunities, they do little to research on their career and employment options prior to moving to the host country. Second, organizations are not fully utilizing the available human capital offered by Eastern Europeans, suggesting untapped opportunities to achieve competitive advantage through human capital.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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26. DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF LABOUR RELATIONS – THE FUTURE CHALLENGE.
- Author
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Jovevski, Lazar
- Subjects
DIGITAL technology ,LABOR laws ,INDUSTRIAL safety ,PARALLEL processing ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
In this paper, the author analyses the current changes that are taking place in the field of labour relations and labour law. The paper covers the previous experiences of digital transformation of labour relations that occurred in the pre-Covid era, on the one hand, as well as the impact of the Sars KOV 19 pandemic on this process today. The author in the paper pays special attention to the parallel digitalization process of the economy expressed through the so-called „the fourth economic revolution" and its impact on the transformation of labour relations in the region and Europe. The paper analyses the aspects of responsiveness of legal systems in Europe and the region of Southeast Europe in terms of acceptance or resistance to the digitalization of the economy and labour. The paper lists the positive aspects of the current and future digital transformation of labour relations, which means for workers, employers, as well as future government labour policies. The negative aspects are also analysed, as possible future challenges that will inevitably bring the digitalization of labour relations, among which the author emphasizes the growth of unemployment, weakening trade union influence, resistance from employees and the aspect of safety and health at work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
27. Effects of migration on social change in the country of origin.
- Author
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Bento Coelho A
- Subjects
- Developed Countries, Europe, Population, Population Dynamics, Demography, Economics, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Financial Management, Public Policy, Social Change
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
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28. [A general review of the discussion at the Beijing International Symposium on Population and Development].
- Author
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Ren Y
- Subjects
- Asia, China, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Education, Europe, Europe, Eastern, Asia, Eastern, Fertility, Geography, Hungary, Japan, Population, Population Characteristics, Research, Rural Population, USSR, Urban Population, Birth Rate, Demography, Economics, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Politics, Population Dynamics, Population Growth, Public Policy, Research Design, Social Class, Social Planning, Social Problems, Socioeconomic Factors, Unemployment, Urbanization, Women's Rights
- Published
- 1985
29. Young migrants of the second generation in Europe: education and labour market insertion prospects.
- Author
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Limage LJ
- Subjects
- Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, Europe, Population, Population Dynamics, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Transients and Migrants
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Economic recession and migrant/minority youth in Western Europe and the United States.
- Author
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Limage LJ
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Europe, Health Planning, North America, Organization and Administration, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, United States, Adolescent, Economics, Education, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Information Services, Minority Groups, Politics, Public Policy, Transients and Migrants
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
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31. Immigrant women in Australia: resources, family and work.
- Author
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Evans MD
- Subjects
- Australia, Behavior, Culture, Demography, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Economics, Europe, Family Characteristics, Health Workforce, Marriage, Pacific Islands, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Research, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Ethnicity, Income, Psychology, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Statistics as Topic, Transients and Migrants, Women's Rights
- Published
- 1984
32. Labour protection and informal work: A cross-national analysis of European countries, 2004-2012.
- Author
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FLÓREZ, Luz Adriana and PERALES, Francisco
- Subjects
EMPLOYMENT ,LABOR market ,UNEMPLOYMENT & economics ,INFORMAL sector ,HEALTH insurance & economics - Abstract
Informal work, defined as work performed without a formal contract, lowers productivity, reduces tax revenue and hampers economic growth. Reducing informal work is a policy objective in developed and developing countries alike. Yet, particularly since the onset of the global financial crisis in 2008, most socio-economic policy reforms across Europe have reduced the generosity of unemployment benefit schemes and deregulated employment protection. The authors argue that, while such reforms may have contributed to reducing unemployment, they might also have increased the incidence of informal work. Using European Social Survey data for 2004-12, they find that labour protection is effective in reducing informal wage employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Second Earners and In-Work Poverty in Europe.
- Author
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JARA TAMAYO, H. XAVIER and POPOVA, DARIA
- Subjects
TAXATION ,SELF-employment ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,FAMILIES ,INCOME ,SPOUSES ,EMPLOYMENT ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,GOVERNMENT policy ,RESEARCH funding ,POVERTY ,EMPIRICAL research ,LOGISTIC regression analysis - Abstract
Dual or multiple earnership has been considered an important factor to prevent in-work poverty. The aim of this paper is to quantify the impact of second earnership on the risk of in-work poverty and the role of the tax-benefit system in moderating this risk. Our analysis refers to 2014 and employs EUROMOD, the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union and the United Kingdom. In order to assess the role of second earners in preventing in-work poverty we simulate a counterfactual scenario where second earners become unemployed. Our results show that the effect of net replacement rates (i.e. the ratio of household income before and after the transition of second earners to unemployment) on the probability of in-work poverty is negative and statistically significant, but in relative terms it appears to be small compared to the effects of individual labour market characteristics, such as low pay and part-time employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - POVERTY IN EUROPE.
- Author
-
CONSTANTIN, Sanda
- Subjects
SOCIAL marginality ,POVERTY ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PUBLIC debts ,UNEMPLOYMENT - Abstract
The paper presents some aspects about poverty in Europe taking also into consideration the new pandemic context. Some indicators linked with the topic were chosen. The indicators refer to people at risk of poverty or social exclusion, severally materially deprived people, unemployment and employment, government debt. The information was analysed by means of statistical indicators. At the end of the paper, a few aspects regarding the impact of the COVID-19 crisis are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Harder Than You Think - Immigrant Labor Market Integration in Agricultural Sector.
- Author
-
Barth, Henrik and Zalkat, Ghazal
- Subjects
LABOR market ,FOREIGN workers ,AGRICULTURAL marketing ,EMPLOYEE selection ,FORCED migration - Abstract
The recent forced migration to Europe has created more challenges for the labor market integration. However, the Swedish government encourages unemployed immigrants to seek employment in the farming, gardening, and forestry industries. Thus, this article focuses on the matching process in the Swedish agricultural sector by using an exploratory, qualitative, in-depth interview with representatives involved in the matching process. Immigrants experience challenges of Swedish language proficiency, lacking a driving license and adapting to new cultures in the workplace, while employers attribute challenges of effective hiring process and the absence of evidence of immigrants' work experience. Furthermore, the employment service offices struggle with scant knowledge of agricultural employment that needs to be combined with limited contact with employers and the bureaucratic delays caused by requirements of qualifications validation. The paper concludes with a Labour Market Matching Model, which focuses on critical aspects before, during, and after the matching process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
36. The increasing relevance of European rural young people in policy agendas: Contributions from community psychology.
- Author
-
Simões, Francisco, Fernandes‐Jesus, Maria, Marta, Elena, Albanesi, Cinzia, and Carr, Nicholas
- Subjects
OCCUPATIONAL roles ,RURAL conditions ,PSYCHOLOGISTS ,EUROPEANS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,ADOLESCENT health ,SEX distribution ,GOVERNMENT policy ,QUALITY assurance ,EMPLOYMENT ,SOCIAL psychology ,EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
Our paper aims to provide a short guide on how community psychologists can contribute to the improvement of rural young people's prospects. After briefly introducing the demographic trends of these young people in continental Europe for the past decade, we list the current challenges faced by rural European young generations, as well as the opportunities emerging for them from the twin transition that can inspire the community psychology field. We then contextualize community psychologists' interventions in this domain according to an ecological‐systemic standpoint and by embracing a Participatory Action Research (PAR) perspective on research and practice. We further detail the reasons for adopting a PAR approach in research and practice to address rural young people's challenges and opportunities. Finally, we highlight four potential intermediation missions to uphold community psychologists' rural youth development input, based on the adopted theoretical and methodological standpoint. We conclude that our short guide can facilitate community psychology professionals' complete understanding of rural young generations' prospects, in line with the expected increase in the need for rural young people's participation. Our proposal may also have long‐term benefits for rural communities by contributing to the redesigning of intergenerational relationships and securing critical mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The standard of living among the poor across Europe. Does employment make a difference?
- Author
-
Wolf, Fridolin, Lohmann, Henning, and Böhnke, Petra
- Subjects
STANDARD of living ,POOR people ,EMPLOYMENT ,POVERTY - Abstract
Employment does not always guarantee sufficient income and a decent standard of living anymore. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between income poverty and material deprivation for employed and unemployed individuals across Europe. To do so, we focus on relevant mechanisms at the individual and institutional levels. We examine how economic, structural and institutional factors shape the relationship between employment, poverty and deprivation. We explore our subject using EU-SILC data from 2015 and cross-national macro-level data from the OECD, Eurostat and UNECE. According to our findings, employment is associated with a higher standard of living even among the poor and when controlling for savings and income level, which may point to the non-monetary benefits of employment. At the macro level, we show that the impact of employment on the living standard of the poor varies according to economic conditions and institutional settings. Our results suggest that policies that promote integration into the labour market without taking into account the quality of jobs and working conditions devalue gainful employment in terms of maintaining a decent standard of living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Forecasting Blockchain Skills Demand and Supply.
- Author
-
Whelan, Adele, Ciprikis, Klavs, Redmond, Paul, and McGuinness, Seamus
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,SUPPLY & demand ,ORGANIZATION management ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
Popularity of blockchain technology has increased over the last decade. This is due to growing interest in faster, more transparent, and decentralised transfer of information. Although organisations from a wide range of industries and different areas of operations are using blockchain technology it requires a unique set of skills to implement such technology in any institutional setting. The key objective of this study is the development of a forecasting model for the supply and demand of blockchain skills in order to examine the impact of this emerging technology on the labour force across Europe over the next five years. We have collected a sufficient volume of blockchain labour market data to perform the time series analysis and forecast the evolution of blockchain skill demand and supply. In order to forecast blockchain skills demand, we map over 6,500 blockchain related job adverts in 2021 to ISCO categories that are most likely to contain blockchain employment. We build on CEDEFOP's employment and occupational forecasts across Europe and incorporate EU-LFS occupational data to estimate changes in blockchain related occupations from 2021 to 2026. In order to forecast blockchain skills supply, we utilise information on the number of graduates from blockchain related and blockchain specific courses across Europe. The data for skills supply comes from national educational authorities and Eurostat. We apply linear trends to graduate data from 2015 to 2019 to forecast blockchain skills supply from 2020 to 2026. We find that on average approximately 85% of blockchain related jobs in Europe are represented by the following five ISCO categories: software developers, database and network professionals, ICT Service managers, business services administration managers, and legal professionals. The remaining 15% of blockchain related are in 'Other' ISCO categories. Our forecasting results indicate that approximately 25,000 new blockchain jobs in Europe will be created from 2021 to 2026 of which 12,000 are estimated to be entry level or graduate jobs. We also find that approximately 14,000 new blockchain graduates in Europe will be available from 2020 to 2026. The results suggest that the number of blockchain graduates when compared to the demand for blockchain work at the graduate level in total across Europe are roughly in line. However, the findings vary distinctively at a country level, and it is likely that more specific training courses, focusing on key skill development areas that are relevant for blockchain labour demand are still required over the coming years. This paper is the first to map blockchain related jobs to occupational categories in Europe, providing evidence on the occupations that blockchain workers are most likely to be employed in. Our findings from the blockchain skills forecasts also estimate the supply of blockchain workers over time to satisfy the demands by the sector. This paper provides detailed information, at a country level for Europe, to assist in the anticipation of future blockchain skill demand and supply, in order to act as an early warning information mechanism to mitigate possible labour market imbalances, and support education, training and labour market actors in making evidence-based decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
39. Industry Sees Red on EU White Paper.
- Author
-
Scott, Alex and Franz, Neil
- Subjects
- *
CHEMICAL industry , *CHEMICALS , *EMPLOYMENT , *SALES , *TRADE regulation , *GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Dicusses the areas of concern cited by chemical industry groups over the European Commission's proposals on the regulation of chemicals as of July 2002. Employment; Industry sales; Trade rules. INSET: The Legislative Timeline.
- Published
- 2002
40. PIGS COUNTRIES' NEW CHALLENGES UNDER EUROPE 2020 STRATEGY.
- Author
-
IONESCU, Victor-Romeo
- Subjects
EUROPEAN Union membership ,GROSS domestic product ,ECONOMIC indicators ,EMPLOYMENT ,SOCIAL isolation - Abstract
The paper deals with the idea that Europe 2020 Strategy is a too ambitious project for many Member States. The analysis is focused on PIGS countries. In order to demonstrate the impossibility to achieve the Strategy's goals, the analysis uses six representative economic indicators: GDP growth rate, employment, R&D investment, gas emissions, educational attainment and risk of poverty and social exclusion. The analysis uses regression, clusters, forecasting models and comparisons with Euro area average. The intermediate conclusion of the paper is that PIGS countries can be analysis under a cluster approach. The final conclusion is that PIGS countries are not able to achieve the Strategy's goals in 2020, even that their socio-economic trend is positive for almost all indicators. The analysis and the conclusions in the paper are supported by pertinent statistic tables and diagrams, coupled with dedicated IBM-SPSS software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
41. EVIDENCE ON EMPLOYMENT RATE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH.
- Author
-
VĂCEANU, Cornelia
- Subjects
EMPLOYMENT ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
This paper explores a causal relationship between employment rate and economic growth for European Union countries, in general, and produces a structural assessment of employment on the background of labour market dynamics. Economic growth is the key in economic theory and the main source of well-being and quality of life. Since the 2008 financial crisis, most European countries have experienced job shortage and unemployment problem, but today's European economic outlook is strengthening on the bases of a GDP growing momentum. Empirical data shows, regardless the GDP's moderate positive trend, the employment rate did not increase enough. Given this, the present analysis address the question: to what extent the employment rate is affected by economic growth? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
42. Working life, health and well-being of parents: a joint effort to uncover hidden treasures in European birth cohorts.
- Author
-
Ubalde-Lopez M, Garani-Papadatos T, Scelo G, Casas M, Lissåker C, Peters S, Nohr EA, Albin M, Lucas R, Papantoniou K, Polańska K, Ramlau-Hansen CH, Šarac J, Selander J, Skröder H, Vasileiou E, Kogevinas M, Bültmann U, Mehlum IS, and Maule M
- Subjects
- Databases, Factual, Europe, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Birth Cohort, Employment
- Abstract
Objective: Birth cohorts collect valuable and under-utilized information on employment and health of parents before and during pregnancy, at birth, and sometimes after birth. In this discussion paper, we examine how these data could be exploited to study the complex relationships and interactions between parenthood, work, and health among parents themselves., Methods: Using a web-based database of birth cohorts, we summarize information on maternal employment and health conditions and other potentially related variables in cohorts spread throughout Europe. This provided information on what data are available and could be used in future studies, and what was missing if specific questions are to be addressed, exploiting the opportunity to explore work-health associations across heterogenous geographical and social contexts., Results: We highlight the many potentialities provided by birth cohorts and identify gaps that need to be addressed to adopt a life-course approach and investigate topics specific to the peri-pregnancy period, such as psychosocial aspects. We address the technical difficulties implied by data harmonization and the ethical challenges related to the repurposing of data, and provide scientific, ecological and economic arguments in favor of improving the value of data already available as a result of a serious investment in human and material resources., Conclusions: There is a hidden treasure in birth cohorts that deserves to be brought out to study the relationships between employment and health among working parents in a time when the boundaries between work and life are being stretched more than ever before.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Evaluation of Employment and Labour Market Trends in European Countries in 2007-2016.
- Author
-
Chlebisz, Adam and Mierzejewski, Mateusz
- Subjects
LABOR market ,ECONOMIC trends ,EMPLOYMENT ,COUNTRIES ,PART-time employment - Abstract
The paper presents a partial evaluation of employment and factors related to the labour markets in European countries in 2007-2016. The interconnectedness of these determinants in the context of GDP dynamics per capita for each country was examined. The quoted partial subject literature and empirical research allowed to formulate the most important conclusions, among others: in the context of GDP dynamics per capita, at least four groups of countries can be distinguished in Europe, each of them has completely different characteristics having an influence (in the Granger causality sense) on change in GDP per capita of these countries for various time steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. European cities continue to grow greener.
- Author
-
Connolly, Louise, Campion, Louise, and Rudden, Patrick
- Subjects
CITIES & towns ,URBAN planning ,EDUCATION ,EMPLOYMENT ,CIVIL engineers ,SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
Two-thirds of Europeans currently live in cities, predicted to rise to 80% by 2050. People choose to live in increasingly dense urban areas to gain better education and employment. However, urban living brings a range of environmental challenges and civil engineers need to provide solutions. The European Commission initiated the European Green Capital Award in 2008 to reward cities for environmental performance, sustainability plans and acting as a role model for other cities. This paper describes notable civil engineering features of four of the more recent winning cities: Copenhagen in Denmark, Essen in Germany, Nijmegen in the Netherlands and Oslo in Norway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Education in Europe.
- Author
-
CONSTANTIN, Sanda
- Subjects
EDUCATION ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,EMPLOYMENT ,ECONOMIC indicators ,POSTSECONDARY education - Abstract
The paper presents some indicators used to analyse the educational system. The indicators are: "at least upper secondary educational attainment", "tertiary educational attainment", and "employment rates of recent graduates". All indicators were analysed using information from EUROSTAT. This analysis focused on the European Union (28 countries) as well as on Romania. This paper analysed the differences and also the similarities between the evolution of those indicators at the two presented levels. We have also presented the highest levels as well as the lowest ones in some European countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
46. Employment Instability and Fertility in Europe: A Meta-Analysis.
- Author
-
Alderotti G, Vignoli D, Baccini M, and Matysiak A
- Subjects
- Child, Demography, Developed Countries, Economics, Europe, Humans, Male, Population Dynamics, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Employment, Fertility, Health Workforce
- Abstract
The relationship between employment instability and fertility is a major topic in demographic research, with a proliferation of published papers on this matter, especially since the Great Recession. Employment instability, which most often manifests in unemployment or time-limited employment, is usually deemed to have a negative effect on fertility, although different fertility reactions are hypothesized by sociological theories, and micro-level evidence is fragmented and contradictory. We used meta-analytic techniques to synthesize European research findings, offer general conclusions about the effects of employment instability on fertility (in terms of direction and size), and rank different sources of employment instability. Our results suggest that employment instability has a nonnegligible negative effect on fertility. Men's unemployment is more detrimental for fertility than men's time-limited employment; conversely, a woman having a fixed-term contract is least likely to have a child. Next, the negative effect of employment instability on fertility has become stronger over time, and is more severe in Southern European countries, where social protection for families and the unemployed is least generous. Finally, meta-regression estimates demonstrate that failing to account for income and partner characteristics leads to an overestimation of the negative effect of employment instability on fertility. We advance the role of these two factors as potential mechanisms by which employment instability affects fertility. Overall, this meta-analysis provides the empirical foundation for new studies on the topic., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Self-employment convergence in Europe: The role of migration.
- Author
-
Cuadros A, Cuestas JC, and Martín-Montaner J
- Subjects
- Developed Countries, Europe, Health Workforce, Humans, Population Dynamics, Public Policy, Socioeconomic Factors, Transients and Migrants, Employment, Human Migration
- Abstract
This paper attempts to identify patterns of convergence in the rates of self-employment (SE) for both foreign-born and natives in a sample of 17 European countries during the period 1999-2018. A distinction is made between self-employed with and without workers. Our analysis is relevant for policy-making: whether or not there is evidence of convergence in SE rates can be an indication of the homogeneity of self-employed workers among the countries analysed, which in turn may reflect the success of the EU-wide policies to boost SE., Competing Interests: No authors have competing interests.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A chronology of employment protection legislation in some selected European countries.
- Author
-
Aleksynska, Mariya and Schmidt, Alexandra
- Subjects
LABOR laws ,EMPLOYMENT ,INDUSTRIAL laws & legislation ,UNEMPLOYMENT insurance ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,SUPPLEMENTAL unemployment benefits - Abstract
In this paper, we document the appearance of the very first laws, as well as their evolution, in the area of employment protection in France, the UK, Greece, Italy, Spain, and Portugal. By doing so, we reconstruct the series of legal data on employment protection legislation up to the points when information on these provisions becomes systematically available in other studies or data collections. These first laws are compared and contrasted with current regulations. Developments in the employment protection legislation are also put into a broader picture of worker protection issues, particularly articulating them with the developments on unemployment benefit schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
49. Daily grandchild care and grandparents' employment: a comparison of four European child-care policy regimes.
- Author
-
Floridi, Ginevra
- Subjects
HEALTH policy ,STATISTICS ,CHILD care ,INTERGENERATIONAL relations ,WORK ,FAMILIES ,EMPLOYMENT ,AGING ,CHILD welfare ,LABOR market ,RETIREMENT ,STATISTICAL models ,PROBABILITY theory - Abstract
Having grandchildren is known to reduce individuals' labour supply. However, it is unclear whether there is a negative association between grandchild care provision and employment among grandparents. Moreover, we do not know how the magnitude of any association between the two activities may vary across countries characterised by different child-care policy regimes. Using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, this paper investigates the association between daily grandchild care provision and two employment outcomes for grandmothers and grandfathers aged 50–69: the probability of being employed and the average weekly working hours. Recursive bivariate models are used to account for the potential selection of grandparents with different unobserved traits into work and family care. Estimates are compared across four country groups characterised by different child-care policy orientations: optional de-familisation, service de-familisation, supported familism and familism by default. On average, across 20 European countries, grandparents looking after grandchildren daily are no less likely to work than grandparents who do not; however, employed grandfathers work eight hours less per week if providing daily child care. Evidence of a negative association between daily grandchild care and employment is strongest in countries with familistic approaches to child care, with no association in countries characterised by optional de-familisation. This suggests that public support to child care may help retain grandparents in the labour force. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Trade unions and transnational regulation in Europe: developments and limitations.
- Author
-
Pulignano, Valeria
- Subjects
LABOR unions ,WORKS councils ,EMPLOYEE rights ,METALWORKING industries ,EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to consider the situation of workers' rights in the context of European Works Councils (EWCs) in the metalworking sector. Design/methodology/approach -- The paper examines the preconditions, forms and patterns of trade union transnational coordination under the regime of cross-border competition and, in particular, its transnational implications for employment regulation in multinationals in Europe. The paper is based on evidence from the metal sector at the European Union level in the direction of establishing a framework for transnational bargaining at company level in Europe. Findings -- The paper argues that workers' representation rights at the European level (EWCs) and their resources can be very important in supporting the trade unions' bargaining activity in a situation of cross-border negotiation in multinational companies. In the absence of a legal framework, the very recent engagement by the European trade union movement to coordinate bargaining across borders, while stipulating agreements at the European company level (European Framework Agreements) for common regulatory purposes, represents a "necessary" and "essential" -- although not "sufficient" condition -- for transnational collective bargaining. Originality/value -- The paper ties the formation of EWCs to the early European project of a "social Europe". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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