12 results
Search Results
2. Globalisation Opportunities for VET: How European and International Initiatives Help in Renewing Vocational Education and Training in European Countries. Cedefop Research Paper. No 71
- Author
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Cedefop - European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training, Department for VET Systems and Institutions (DSI)
- Abstract
In a highly competitive global landscape, occupations are transformed, new jobs are created and the skills needed for the labour market are constantly changing. European countries are looking at redefining VET [vocational education and training] to respond promptly to such challenges and take advantage of the opportunities ahead. They are reforming to modernise their VET systems and strengthen the relevance of their national qualifications in an international context. This publication explores national responses to globalisation in 15 countries and five economic sectors. It aims to understand how European and international initiatives help VET renewal across Europe. It shows how countries' reactions are embedded in their national traditions but also depend on their interactions with European, sectoral and multinational players that provide training and award qualifications. [The research was carried out by a consortium led by IBE Educational research institute and 3s Unternehmensberatung GmbH.]
- Published
- 2018
3. The influence of the Covid-19 pandemic on Czech-Polish cross-border cooperation: From debordering to re-bordering?
- Author
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Böhm, Hynek
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,PANDEMICS ,COOPERATION ,COMMUNITY development ,PUBLIC finance ,SOCIAL change - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic brought many changes to social behaviours in Europe. One of its major consequences was the temporary closure of borders, which was introduced as a measure to prevent the uncontrolled pandemic spreading and involved internal Schengen borders. This has had a major impact in the way in which cross-border cooperation has been conducted in Europe, including the Czech-Polish borderland, as it dramatically restrained all flows across borders. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of the pandemic on five roles of cross-border cooperation: 1) as a multi-level governance form; 2) as a regional development tool; 3) as a para-diplomacy form; 4) as a post-conflict reconciliation tool; and 5) as Europe-building. We argue that the impacts of the pandemic complicated regional development and the Europe-building role of cross-border cooperation in the Czech-Polish borderland. The article envisages re-bordering processes also in the Czech-Polish borderland, but with important exceptions in the regions with a high level of cross-border integration, mainly in the Euroregion Těšínské Slezsko/Śląsk Cieszyński. The paper also calls for the elaboration of the guidelines for possible repeated (Schengen) border closures and proposes modifications of the INTERREG microprojects schemes, to keep them attractive also in times of expected cuts in public finances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Molecular Diversity of the Genus Plagiorchis Lühe, 1899 in Snail Hosts of Central Europe with Evidence of New Lineages.
- Author
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Kundid, Petra, Pantoja, Camila, Janovcová, Kristýna, and Soldánová, Miroslava
- Subjects
SNAILS ,LIFE cycles (Biology) ,FRESHWATER snails ,CERCARIAE ,DIGENEA ,TREMATODA - Abstract
Cercariae of Plagiorchis spp. are frequently reported in European freshwater snails, but their true diversity is difficult to estimate due to subtle differences in morphology. We molecularly characterized 67 isolates of Plagiorchis cercariae collected from four lymnaeid snail hosts, Ampullaceana balthica, Ampullaceana lagotis, Radix auricularia and Lymnaea stagnalis in freshwater ecosystems in the Czech Republic and Poland. Based on mitochondrial cox1 and nuclear 28S sequences, ten species or species-level lineages were identified, including the first molecular evidence of P. vespertilionis from snail hosts and two species-level lineages reported for the first time. Previously undescribed species and species-level lineages are characterized morphometrically. We confirm the overlapping spatial distribution of Plagiorchis spp. in their snail hosts from Central Europe with those from Western and sub-Arctic Europe. Our results increase the known diversity of Plagiorchis spp. in Europe to 25 species/lineages in snails, but further research is needed to establish links between life cycle stages and to assess the host specificity of these parasites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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5. Screening of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Europe: A Systematic Review.
- Author
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Krysta, Wojciech, Dudek, Patryk, Pulik, Łukasz, and Łęgosz, Paweł
- Subjects
NEWBORN screening ,ONLINE information services ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDICAL screening ,HIP joint dislocation ,MEDICAL protocols ,DYSPLASIA ,MEDLINE ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a prevalent orthopaedic disorder in children, and screening methods vary across regions due to local health policies. The purpose of this review is to systematise the different ultrasound screening strategies for detecting DDH in newborns in Europe. Methods: Eligible studies from the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases, published between 1 January 2018 and 18 March 2023, were included. The inclusion criteria specified a European origin, a focus on newborn human patients, and information on ultrasound for DDH detection. Results: In total, 45 studies were included, covering 18 countries. Among them, six nations (Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Poland, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, and Germany) perform universal ultrasound screening. The timing of the first ultrasound varies, with Austria and the Czech Republic within the 1st week, Bosnia and Herzegovina on the day of birth, Poland between 1 and 12 weeks, and Germany before the 6th week. The Graf method is the most popular ultrasound technique used. Conclusions: There is no consensus on the optimal DDH detection approach in Europe. Varied screening methods stem from epidemiological, cultural, and economic differences among countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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6. Characteristics of Educational Sciences Research Activity in European Post-Socialist Countries in the Period 1996 to 2013: Content Analysis Approach
- Author
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Bouillet, Dejana and Jokic, Maja
- Abstract
In European post-socialistic countries or more commonly known as Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries, regardless of their differences and specifics, the common communist and post-communist legacies in the field of educational sciences are still recognisable. The aim of this article is to explore research activity in the educational sciences in 15 CEE countries: 11 EU member states and 4 from the former Yugoslav Republic in the period from 1996 to 2013. The purpose of this research is to recognise the specificity and dynamics of subject and content issues, and development of methodological approaches in the educational science research. The sample consists of abstracts of 2,395 papers by CEE authors published in 265 journals indexed in Scopus between 1996 and 2013. Content analysis was applied, where the abstracts were grouped into specifically created categories describing the content and methods of the paper and analysed on the basis of two criterion variables -- CEE and non-CEE or international journals. The ?[superscript 2] test showed that the field of educational sciences in 15 European post-socialist countries changed over time in terms of quantity, content and methods, becoming more expansive and diverse, which is recognisable in papers published both in international and in CEE journals.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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7. The European Social Fund in the Visegrad Countries in the 2007-2013 Programming Phase
- Author
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Tomé, Eduardo and Tracz-Krupa, Katarzyna
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to define the impact of the investment in training in education by the European Social Fund (ESF) in four Eastern countries, namely, Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and Hungary. Those countries have some political, cultural, social and economic similarities and share some common ground in the human resource development (HRD) sectors. Design/methodology/approach: The authors use the human capital theory with some extensions to analyze the context, operations and impacts of the ESF in the Visegrad four (V4) countries between 2007 and 2013. The authors use three levels of methodology to access each one of those problems. Findings: The authors conclude that the ESF helped building the vocational training system in those countries, and to help them get near the equilibrium of high skills of the V4 Western European neighbors, and therefore, this one was a success story. However, quality issues remain to be addressed that may hinder the continuation of the success in the future. Research limitations/implications: The research could be enlarged in time and space and deepened in terms of methodology. This is one a first clarifying step. Theoretical work should become aware of the dichotomy between absorption and scientific logic. Practical implications: Detailed and precise evaluation practices must be implemented to guide and assess the policy. Social implications: Precisely because funds are scarce this paper enlights the dilemma and the tension between quantity and quality in the European HRD policy, this is an important social problem. Originality/value: The study is original because even if the HRD in those countries had already been studied (Sheehan and Buchelt, 2016), no study analyzing specifically the ESF in those countries has been carried out so far. The authors use an innovative methodology and address questions on context, operations and impact, which are also innovative and very relevant.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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8. The Role of Education in Promoting Cuba's Integration into the International Society: Lessons in Transition from the Post-Communist States of Central and Eastern Europe.
- Author
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Miami Univ., Coral Gables, FL. Inst. for Cuban and Cuban-American Studies. and Gomez, Andy S.
- Abstract
When people speak of totalitarian governments in transition, they generally concentrate on their political, economic, and legal systems, and the difficult transformation each of these variables must go through for each individual country to develop into a democratic society and be able to sustain these new changes. Recent studies of the impact such changes have had on Central and Eastern European countries point clearly at the one variable that most of these transitions have somewhat neglected--the role of education in transforming people's values and norms of behavior. In most cases studied, the societies within countries such as Poland, the Czech Republic, and Latvia managed to coexist for a long period of time under the totalitarian states. As one scholar described it, "the people learned to adapt their human behavior to the conditions and parameters set by their government" (Badat, 1995). This paper seeks to define and analyze some of the post-communist challenges these countries have faced during their continuous transition and the role education has played in developing an informed society. The paper specifically examines how teaching civic education in the schools played a role in developing democratic values and norms among its new democratic citizens; and delineates some of the obstacles in the implantation process. The paper makes policy recommendations based on the lessons learned from these post-communist states that can be applied to Cuba in transition. (Contains 1 figure and 41 references.) (BT)
- Published
- 2003
9. Non-fatal injuries in three Central and Eastern European urban population samples: the HAPIEE study.
- Author
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Vikhireva, Olga, Pikhart, Hynek, Pajak, Andrzej, Kubinova, Ruzena, Malyutina, Sofia, Peasey, Anne, Topor-Madry, Roman, Nikitin, Yuri, Marmot, Michael, and Bobak, Martin
- Subjects
COMPUTER software ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DISEASES ,ALCOHOL drinking ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,VITAL statistics ,WOUNDS & injuries ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,DATA analysis ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,DISEASE prevalence ,CROSS-sectional method ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors - Abstract
Background: Despite high mortality from injuries and accidents, data on rates and distribution of non-fatal injuries in Central and Eastern European populations are scarce. Methods: Cross-sectional study of random population samples of 45–69-year-old men and women (n = 28 600) from Novosibirsk (Russia), Krakow (Poland) and six Czech towns, participating in the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study. Participants provided information on non-fatal injuries in the past 12 months, socio-economic characteristics, alcohol consumption and other covariates. Results: The period prevalence of non-fatal injuries in the last year among Czech, Russian and Polish men was 12.5, 9.4 and 5.3%, respectively; among women, the respective proportions were 9.9, 9.8 and 6.4%. Injury prevalence declined with age in men and increased with age in women. Higher injury prevalence was associated with being unmarried, material deprivation, higher drinking frequency and problem drinking. In the pooled data, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the highest versus lowest material deprivation category was 1.57 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38–1.79]; for problem drinking, the OR was 1.44 (95% CI 1.23–1.69). Alcohol did not mediate the link between socio-economic status and injury. Conclusion: Non-fatal injuries were associated with material deprivation, other socio-economic characteristics and with alcohol. These results not only underscore the universality of the inequality phenomenon, but also suggest that the mediating role of alcohol in social differentials in non-fatal injury remains an unresolved issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
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10. International marketing in an enlarged European Union: Some insights into cultural heterogeneity in Central Europe.
- Author
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Skinner, Heather, Kubacki, Krzysztof, Moss, Gloria, and Chelly, David
- Subjects
MARKETING ,INDUSTRIAL management ,PERFORMANCE standards - Abstract
Copyright of Journal for East European Management Studies is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
11. Quality Assurance Before and After ‘Bologna’ in the Central and Eastern Region of the European Higher Education Area with a Focus on Hungary, the Czech Republic and Poland.
- Author
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Rozsnyai, Christina
- Subjects
HIGHER education ,EDUCATIONAL quality - Abstract
Focuses on quality assurances of higher education in Hungary, the Czech Republic and Poland before and after the Bologna Declaration which was signed in June 1999 by European ministers to strengthen the institutional autonomy in teaching and in the curriculum of higher education in Europe as of September 1, 2003. Objectives of the Bologna Declaration; History of higher education in Europe; Quality assurance methods followed in Central and Eastern European Countries.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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12. Cadmium contents of vertically and horizontally deposited winter precipitation in Central Europe: Spatial distribution and long-term trends.
- Author
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Bohdálková L, Novák M, Krachler M, Míková J, Chrastný V, Veselovský F, Voldřichová P, Pacherová P, Komárek A, and Přechová E
- Subjects
- Austria, Czech Republic, Europe, Germany, Humans, Poland, Seasons, Slovakia, Cadmium, Environmental Monitoring
- Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and its forms has recently been a focus of attention due to its toxic effects on human health and the environment. We evaluated the atmospheric deposition of Cd during three consecutive winter seasons (2009-2011) at 10 mountain-top locations in the Czech Republic along the borders with Poland, Germany, Austria and Slovakia. Cadmium concentrations of soluble and insoluble forms in both horizontal (rime) and vertical (snow) deposition were determined using sector-field ICP-MS. Across the sites, 94% of the total winter Cd deposition occurred in the soluble (environmentally available) Cd form. Mean concentrations of soluble Cd in rime were six times higher than in snow (398 vs. 66 ng L
-1 ). Vertical deposition contributed as much as 41% to the total winter Cd input. Between-site variability in Cd deposition was large, ranging between 13 and 108 μg m-2 winter-1 . Overall, Cd concentrations in winter deposition did not reach the drinking water limits and did not pose a direct threat for human health. Long-term trends (1996-2017) in winter Cd deposition were evaluated at six GEOMON sites (a monitoring network of small forested catchments). Since 1996, Cd input in winter atmospheric deposition decreased by 73-93%. Simultaneously, we found declines in between-site variability in winter Cd inputs. The highest recent winter Cd inputs were found at sites located in the northeast of the country. A north-south pollution gradient, which has frequently been mentioned in the literature, was not observed, with both northwestern sites and southern sites being among those with the lowest Cd pollution. Backward trajectories of the HYSPLIT model for fresh snow samples identified Poland and Germany as major transboundary Cd pollution sources for the Czech Republic., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
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