Search

Showing total 31,706,132 results
Start Over Search Limiters Academic (Peer-Reviewed) Journals

Refine your results

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »
31,706,132 results

129. WASTE PAPER MANAGEMENT OF ACADEMIC INSTITUTE: AN ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE OF PAPER RECYCLING.

Author

PIRZADA, ABDUL MAJEED, MALLAH, NABI BAKHSH, ZUBERI, MUHAMMAD HASHIM, and ALI, IMRAN

Subjects
PAPER recycling, RECYCLED paper, WASTE paper, WASTE management, ENVIRONMENTAL economics
Abstract

This research explores the challenges and limitations faced at the basic level for the recycling of paper in an academic institute. It focuses on encouraging recycled paper use rather than bringing traditional virgin paper to prevent the rate of deforestation for reducing global warming. Data was collected from the academic institute via questionnaire and on-site observation and found that the institute was producing approximately 16 tons of wastepaper in a year. Besides that, another purpose of this research is to estimate the energy and assess the environmental effect by using the life cycle assessment as a tool. The results of this study revealed that traditional virgin paper derived from wood proves to be costly and less environmentally friendly than recycled paper. It also revealed that Traditional virgin paper has greater global warming, human toxicity, smog, acidification, and eutrophication potential than recycled paper. This study concludes that recycled paper does not only prove economically beneficent for any institution, but also beneficial for environment as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

148. Child Labor Activities and Schooling Decisions in Rural Côte D'ivoire. Working Paper

Author

University of Pennsylvania, Consortium for Policy Research in Education (CPRE), Samuel Kembou, Sharon Wolf, Kaja Jasinska, and Amy Ogan

Abstract

We leverage data on 1,857 families in 140 rural cocoa-growing communities of Côte d'Ivoire to report on child work activities and schooling decisions. We distinguish between unpaid domestic labor and unpaid agricultural child labor activities reported by children in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that more than 80% of children participate in at least one household work activity and more than 50% in at least one agricultural work activity, with differences between boys and girls. Older boys performed more unpaid agricultural work activities, and girls performed more domestic work activities. Thirty-five percent of children were engaged in unpaid agricultural child labor, a rate similar to a national estimate of child labor in cocoa-growing communities of Côte d'Ivoire in 2018/19. Agricultural child labor and schooling are predicted by a child's age and gender, household factors such as parental age, family size, multidimensional poverty, and community factors, especially community-level child labor rates. Social protection and education programs targeting older boys could improve their schooling outcomes and reduce agricultural child labor. Likewise, addressing acute poverty with multifaceted programs reducing consumption-based poverty, poor parental education, and improving community infrastructures could reduce child labor.

Published
2023