Search

This paper explores the factors potentially responsible for the overconsumption of office paper and estimates the adverse environmental and economic impact of overconsumption. Data were collected from the employees of selected higher educational institutions in Oman. Technical factors, workplace environment, printing preferences and lack of awareness were found the main cause of overconsumption. Environmental and economic impact of the paper was estimated from the actual amount of paper consumed using standard formulas from literature. The institutions have used 5,200 reams (13 tons) of 80gm A4 size paper in one year. The economic cost of the paper was 7,800 OMR (20,280 US$). The environmental impact estimated are: cutting of 312 trees, 73,970 Ibs of CO2 gas emission, 144,742 KWh of energy consumption, solid waste produced 29,614 lbs and 247975 gallons of water were wasted. Changing printing preferences, a significant amount of economic and environmental resources to the tune of 44.8% can be saved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the separation of fats from paper waste packaging. The method is based on interaction with boiling water and greaseproof paper. The cooking process is considered the formation of emulsions according to different slots. The research data are presented and discussed obtained from the analysis of ready-made samples. 20 different fat-coated paper samples have been prapared for research. Ten of them have been selected for printing paper, and another dozen cartons. The half of the samples analyzed are covered with vegetable fat, the remaining samples are vegetable fat. It was found that the carton samples were less opposed to the separation of fat. During the experiment, it was determined that by cooking the cardboard samples coated with olive oil for 5 minutes, 30% of the total fat content was removed. The most effective samples of this type were heated for a long time. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas riebalų atskyrimas nuo popieriaus pakuočių atliekų. Metodas remiasi verdančio vandens ir riebalų sąveika su suterštu popieriumi. Nagrinėjamas virimo procesas, emulsijų susidarymas atsižvelgiant į skirtingus laiko tarpsnius. Pateikiami ir aptariami tyrimų duomenys, kurie gauti išnagrinėjus pasiruoštus mėginius. Iš viso pasiruošta 20 skirtingų riebalais padengto popieriaus pavyzdžių. Dešimčiai iš jų pasirinktas spausdinimo popierius, kita dešimtis – kartonas. Pusė analizuojamų mėginių padengti augalinių riebalų sluoksniu, likę mėginiai – gyvulinių riebalų sluoksniu. Pastebėta, kad kartono mėginiai mažiau priešinosi riebalų atskyrimui. Nustatyta, kad, 5 min. virinant kartono mėginius, padengtus alyvuogių aliejumi, pasišalino 30 % viso riebalų kiekio. Efektyviausia tokio tipo mėginius virti ilgą laiką, nes, panardinus mėginius 15 min. į verdantį vandenį, pasišalino daugiau nei pusė buvusių riebalų kiekio – 55 %. Reikšminiai žodžiai: atliekos, emulsija, popierius, popieriaus pakuotės, riebalai, šiluma, vanduo, virimas.

This paper explores the factors potentially responsible for the overconsumption of office paper and estimates the adverse environmental and economic impact of overconsumption. Data were collected from the employees of selected higher educational institutions in Oman. Technical factors, workplace environment, printing preferences and lack of awareness were found the main cause of overconsumption. Environmental and economic impact of the paper was estimated from the actual amount of paper consumed using standard formulas from literature. The institutions have used 5,200 reams (13 tons) of 80gm A4 size paper in one year. The economic cost of the paper was 7,800 OMR (20,280 US$). The environmental impact estimated are: cutting of 312 trees, 73,970 Ibs of CO2 gas emission, 144,742 KWh of energy consumption, solid waste produced 29,614 lbs and 247975 gallons of water were wasted. Changing printing preferences, a significant amount of economic and environmental resources to the tune of 44.8% can be saved.

The article analyzes the separation of fats from paper waste packaging. The method is based on interaction with boiling water and greaseproof paper. The cooking process is considered the formation of emulsions according to different slots. The research data are presented and discussed obtained from the analysis of ready-made samples. 20 different fat-coated paper samples have been prapared for research. Ten of them have been selected for printing paper, and another dozen cartons. The half of the samples analyzed are covered with vegetable fat, the remaining samples are vegetable fat. It was found that the carton samples were less opposed to the separation of fat. During the experiment, it was determined that by cooking the cardboard samples coated with olive oil for 5 minutes, 30% of the total fat content was removed. The most effective samples of this type were heated for a long time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We correct the proof of Theorem 2 in the mentioned paper concerning finite-difference equilibrium solutions.

Paper waste sludge (PWS) is the main and the greatest by-product in paper production process, and its elimination as well as destruction is a primary environmental problem. This research explores the feasibility of such wastes to be used in polyurethane foam composites. It is well known that using water as a sole blowing agent has major drawbacks such as long demould time, shrinkage, high diffusion rate of carbon dioxide and etc.; therefore, the bio-based propylene glycol (RPG) is used in order to solve such problems. The addition of 20 parts by weight (pbw) of RPG eliminates the primary shrinkage of the foam composites when PWS is used in the amount varying from 5% to 20%, and improves the dimensional stability at 70 oC and 90% relative humidity conditions. The addition of titanate coupling agent modified PWS particles increases the compressive strength of the final composites from ̴ 26% to ̴ 53%, from ̴ 17% to ̴ 31% and from ̴ 3% to ̴ 23% for, respectively, 10 pbw, 15 pbw and 20 pbw RPG extended foam composites.

Paper and prints on it are analyzed as composite materials. Printing, varnishing and lamination are described in terms of the formation of the composite material. The article discusses why and how the properties of a print should differ from the properties of paper.Article in Lithuanian

The paper presents linguistic error analysis of articles written by non-native speakers of English which were published in the journal "Transport" in 2003 – 2004. The errors were identified, classified and analysed from various perspectives. The main causes of language misuse were also identified and explained within the framework of the theory of linguistic relativity and laws of interference of the native language of the learners. The analysis is aimed at building competence of technical writers in the English language used in scientific papers. The results obtained in the investigation allowed the authors to provide some recommendations to technical writers as to improving the proficiency in scientific English.

Paper and prints on it are analyzed as composite materials. Printing, varnishing and lamination are described in terms of the formation of the composite material. The article discusses why and how the properties of a print should differ from the properties of paper. Santrauka Popierius ir atspaudai analizuojami kaip kompozicinės medžiagos. Aprašomas atspaudų spausdinimas kaip kompozicinės medžiagos susidarymo procesas spausdinant, lakuojant ir laminuojant. Aptariama, kodėl ir kaip turėtų keistis atspaudo savybės, lyginant su popieriumi. Raktiniai žodžiai: kompozicinė medžiaga; popierius; popieriaus fizikinės savybės

Some recent analytical papers have explored limiting behaviors of Landaude Gennes models for liquid crystals in certain extreme ranges of the model parameters: limits of “vanishing elasticity” (in the language of some of these papers) and “low-temperature limits.” We use simple scaling analysis to show that these limits are properly interpreted as limits in which geometric length scales (such as the size of the domain containing the liquid crystal material) become large compared to intrinsic length scales (such as correlation lengths or coherence lengths, which determine defect core sizes). This represents the natural passage from a mesoscopic model to a macroscopic model and is analogous to a “London limit” in the Ginzburg-Landau theory of superconductivity or a “large-body limit” in the Landau-Lifshitz theory of ferromagnetism. Known relevant length scales in these parameter regimes (nematic correlation length, biaxial coherence length) can be seen to emerge via balances in equilibrium Euler-Lagrange equations associated with well-scaled Landau-de Gennes free-energy functionals.

Our study is the first to empirically analyze the nonlinear relationship between digitalization and export value and diversification. This paper measures the digital transformation process in terms of digital connectivity, uses of the internet, e-business, e-commerce, and e-government. The various econometrics techniques are applied for the database of 23 European countries during the period 2015-2020. The vital findings should be conveyed here. First, the bottlenecks of export values could be resolved by promoting digital transformation. However, the non-linear reverted U-shaped relationship between digitalization and export diversification suggests that positive effects only appear when the digital activities, especially in digital connectivity, humans with digital skills, use of internet services, or digital public services reaches a certain threshold. Second, the positive influence of digitalization on exports stems from a reduction in export cost and export time to deal with documentary and border compliance as well as improvements in competence and quality of logistic services and quality of trade and transport-related infrastructure, thus enhancing exports. Third, the role of digital connectivity and the integration of digital technology into business and commerce become especially important for export diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying and understanding reasons for deriving software development defects is crucial for ensuring software product quality attributes such as maintainability. This paper presents a systematic literature review and the objective is to analyze the suggestions of other authors regarding software code defect prediction using machine learning, deep learning, or other artificial intelligence methods for the identification of software quality. The systemic literature review reveals that many analyzed papers considered multiple software code defects, but they were analyzed individually. However, more is needed to identify software quality attributes. The more profound analysis of code smells indicates the significance when considering multiple detected code smells and their interconnectedness; it helps to identify the software quality sub-attributes of maintainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents linguistic error analysis of articles written by nonâ€native speakers of English which were published in the journal ‘Transport’ in 2003–2004. The errors were identified, classified and analysed from various perspectives. The main causes of language misuse were also identified and explained within the framework of the theory of linguistic relativity and laws of interference of the native language of the learners. The analysis is aimed at building competence of technical writers in the English language used in scientific papers. The results obtained in the investigation allowed the authors to provide some recommendations to technical writers as to improving the proficiency in scientific English. First Published Online: 27 Oct 2010

In this work, mathematical models of wet pressing of paper are studied. Our goal is to compare two mathematical models, which are developed for simulation of filtration processes in paper press machines. Both models were obtained from the same general model of the compressible porous medium, but different assumptions were used. Modified models are developed that describe water losses at the boundaries of the porous layer and the importance of this factor is investigated. Numerical algorithms are developed for simulation of the liquid movement in the deformable porous media. It is proved that the discrete problem is stable if the time step t satisfies the inequality τ ≤ Ch2 . It follows from the stability analysis that the mathematical model describes an ill‐posed problem for some values of parameters used in simulations. Vandens srautų popieriaus preso mašinoje matematinis modeliavimas Santrauka Darbe nagrinėjami drėgmės išspaudimo iš popieriaus matematiniai modeliai. Siame straipsnyje palyginti du matematiniai modeliai, kurie naudojami modeliuoti filtracijos procesus popieriaus preso mašinoje. Abu modeliai išvedami iš tų pačių bendrųjų spūdžiosios poringosios terpės modelių, tačiau naudojamos skirtingos prielaidos. Straipsnyje pasiūlytas patikslintas modelis, kuris aprašo vandens ištekėjimą poringosios terpės sluoksnio krašte, ir ištirta šio faktoriaus įtaka skysčio judėjimui. Pasiūlyti skaitiniai algoritmai skysčio judėjimo poringoje terpėje modeliavimui. Įrodyta, kad tiriant diskrečiojo uždavinio stabilumą neužtenka nagrinėti tik hiperbolinį pernešimo lygčių artinį, o reikia įvertinti ir slėgio lygčių poveikį. Parodyta, kad diskretusis uždavinys yra stabilus, jeigu diskretizacijos pagal laiką žingsnis tenkina sąlygą τ ≤ Ch2 . Iš stabilumo analizės išplaukia, kad prie kai kurių modelio parametrų reikšmių modelis aprašo nekorektišką uždavinį. First Published Online: 14 Oct 2010

The aim of the research was to develop an economic binder from waste products that could have applications in the production of concrete. Portland cement (PC) production is a very high-energy intensive process that also involves significant environmental damage with respect to CO2 production and raw material acquisition. This paper investigates workability and strength of concrete made with different proportions of waste paper sludge ash (WSA) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) as binder, at two w/b rations: 0,5 and 0,4. Specimens were tested unconfined compressive strength after 1, 7, 28 and 90 days of curing. The results obtained show that 28 days strength varies between 15–21 MPa, and the general trend of strength development with increasing WSA content has the shape of an inverse parabola, where the highest 28 days and 90 day strengths are achieve by concrete with a mix composition of 50: 50 at both w/b ratios. Workability was evaluated by a slump test. Superplasticiser Daracem SP 1 was used for the concrete with WSA—GGBS binder in order to obtain workability, comparable to the observed for concrete with Portland cement binder at equivalent w/b ratio. First Published Online: 26 Jul 2012

This paper examines the digital economy's impact on rural household consumption upgrading. Existing studies remain mainly at the level of rural consumption scale and rarely address the consumption structure. The specific impact of the development of the digital economy on rural consumption upgrading and its mechanisms of action deserves in-depth study and consideration. We analyzed the related content using the fixed-effect model, the instrumental variable method (IV), the mediation effect model, and three-year panel data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). This study found that, at the scale level, the digital economy contributes to expanding rural household consumption. At the structural level, the digital economy significantly increases the share of enjoyment-oriented household consumption but has no significant effect on development-oriented consumption. Income is an important transmission mechanism for the digital economy to improve rural household consumption. Besides, the impact of the digital economy on the upgrading of rural consumption varies according to income level and age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste paper recycling is an important way to realize the environmental protection development of the papermaking industry. The quality of the pulp will affect the pulp sales of the secondary fiber paper mills. The waste paper pulp can be adjusted by controlling the pulping process working conditions, but the working conditions of the waste paper pulping process have too many parameters. And the parameters are coupled with each other, it is difficult to control. In order to find the best working conditions and improve the quality of the pulp, this study uses the association rules algorithm to optimize the parameters for the waste paper pulping process. These parameters are power of refiner, waste paper concentration of refiner, the volume of slurry that enters deinked process, deinking agent amount, deinking time, deinking temperature, bleaching agent amount, bleaching time, and bleaching temperature. The test results show that the qualified rate of the pulp produced under the improved working conditions is 92.56%, an increase of 6.93%, and the average electricity consumption per ton of pulp is reduced by 5.76 kWh/t. In addition to potential economic benefits, this method can reduce carbon emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper waste sludge (PWS) is the main and the greatest by-product in paper production process, and its elimination as well as destruction is a primary environmental problem. This research explores the feasibility of such wastes to be used in polyurethane foam composites. It is well known that using water as a sole blowing agent has major drawbacks such as long demould time, shrinkage, high diffusion rate of carbon dioxide and etc.; therefore, the bio-based propylene glycol (RPG) is used in order to solve such problems. The addition of 20 parts by weight (pbw) of RPG eliminates the primary shrinkage of the foam composites when PWS is used in the amount varying from 5% to 20%, and improves the dimensional stability at 70°C and 90% relative humidity conditions. The addition of titanate coupling agent modified PWS particles increases the compressive strength of the final composites from ∼26% to ∼53%, from ∼17% to ∼31% and from ∼3% to ∼23% for, respectively, 10 pbw, 15 pbw and 20 pbw RPG extended foam composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Friction between different papers, inkjet and flexographic prints has been experimentally investigated. Flexographic prints have been made using an anilox roller, and inkjet prints have been produced covering paper with one and four toner layers. Static (SCOF) and kinetic (KCOF) friction coefficients between paper and paper, paper and prints, prints and prints have been determined. Friction properties have been discovered to be different in flexographic and laser prints. The dependence of SCOF and KCOF on pressure (both decrease) together with roughness measurements enables to conclude that the friction of prints is mainly governed by adhesion forces. Santrauka Eksperimentiškai ištirtos įvairių rūšių popieriaus bei fleksografinių ir rašalinių atspaudų trinties savybės. Fleksografiniai atspaudai gauti dengiant popierių skirtingo plotinio tūrio aniloksiniais voleliais, rašaliniai atspaudai dengiant popierių vienu ir keturiais dažų (angl. toner) sluoksniais. Nustatytos statinio (STK) ir kinetinio (KTK) trinties koeficientų reikšmės tiriant trintį tarp popieriaus ir popieriaus, tarp atspaudo ir popieriaus ir tarp atspaudo ir atspaudo. Nustatyta, kad trinties savybės priklauso nuo pasirinkto spaudos būdo ir yra skirtingos fleksografiniams ir rašaliniams atspaudams. STK ir KTK vertės mažėja didėjant apkrovai, taip pat joms įtaką turi dažų kiekis, paviršiaus šiurkštumas bei paviršiaus deformacinės savybės. Reikšminiai žodžiai: statinis trinties koeficientas; kinetinis trinties koeficientas; rašaliniai atspaudai; fleksografiniai atspaudai; paviršiaus deformacija.

The article discusses some inaccurate uses of pronominal forms, certain terms and one of the syntactical mistakes – the expression of purpose. The article also provides the examples of mistakes found in welding papers. The use of nonpronominal forms in the denoted terms is one of typical morphological mistakes in treating the process of welding. Another problem is the inaccurate use and wrong formation of terminology. The article also focuses on the mistaken expression of purpose. Santrauka Straipsnyje aptariama keletas dažnesnių netaisyklingos vartosenos atvejų suvirinimo srities mokslo darbuose – kai sudėtiniuose terminuose rūšiai ar daikto ypatybei išskirti vartojamos neįvardžiuotinės būdvardžių ir dalyvių formos, taip pat pateikiama keletas dažnesnių pasenusių ir nevartotinų terminų pavyzdžių bei aptariama suvirintojų kalboje itin gaji viena iš sintaksės klaidų – netaisyklinga paskirties raiška. Taip pat straipsnyje aiškinamos netaisyklingos vartosenos priežastys, pateikiami klaidų pavyzdžiai, rasti suvirintojų tekstų rankraščiuose, ir siūlomi jų taisymo būdai (skliaustuose po lygybės ženklo (=) nurodomas taisyklingas vartotinas variantas). Raktiniai žodžiai: įvardžiuotinė forma, nevartotinas terminas, suvirinimo terminas, paskirties raiška

With the development of the 4th Industrial Revolution technology, the digitalization of supply chain is also receiving a lot of attention. With various technological developments, the importance of digital transformation in a firm's supply chain is increasing. Therefore, for a more comprehensive understanding of digital transformation in supply chain, we have implemented a rigorous systematic literature review by supplementing the shortcomings of existing literature and combining bibliometric analysis and network analysis with keyword network analysis. Using the SCOPUS database, we collected 182 papers addressing digital transformation in the supply chain published in renowned business administration journals, identified research trends. Then, we analyzed the connection of citations as well as the author's keywords and their changes over time. Based on these results, this study presents the number of publications and changes in papers by period, influential authors and papers, key keywords and topics, etc. on digital transformation in supply chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some recent analytical papers have explored limiting behaviors of Landau- de Gennes models for liquid crystals in certain extreme ranges of the model param- eters: limits of "vanishing elasticity" (in the language of some of these papers) and "low-temperature limits." We use simple scaling analysis to show that these limits are properly interpreted as limits in which geometric length scales (such as the size of the domain containing the liquid crystal material) become large compared to intrin- sic length scales (such as correlation lengths or coherence lengths, which determine defect core sizes). This represents the natural passage from a mesoscopic model to a macroscopic model and is analogous to a "London limit" in the Ginzburg-Landau theory of superconductivity or a "large-body limit" in the Landau-Lifshitz theory of ferromagnetism. Known relevant length scales in these parameter regimes (nematic correlation length, biaxial coherence length) can be seen to emerge via balances in equilibrium Euler-Lagrange equations associated with well-scaled Landau-de Gennes free-energy functionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mathematical model of wood drying based on a detailed transport phenomena considering both heat and moisture transfer have been offered in the article [5]. We apply this model to quickly moving paper sheet. The range of the moisture content correspond to the period of drying and only vapor movement in the web is possible. By averaging we have obtained the desired model as a system of two nonlinear first order ordinary differential equations. Popieriaus džiovinimo matematinis modelis Santrauka Straipsnyje remiamasi [5] darbu, kuriame buvo pasiūlytas detalus šilumos ir dregmes perdavimo medyje matematinis modelis. Autorius pritaiko šiuos rezultatus popieriaus gamybos technologinio ciklo modeliavimui. Nagrinejamas greitai judančios popieriaus mases džiovinimo procesas. Aptarti matematiniai modeliai, aprašantys temperatūros ir dregmes pokyčius ivairiose džiovinimo stadijose. Gautoji diferencialiniu lygčiu sistema vidurkinimo metodu pertvarkoma i seka dvieju paprastuju diferencialiniu lygčiu sistemu, kur kiekviena sistema atitinka viena džiovinimo cilindra. First Published Online: 14 Oct 2010

Copyright of Science: Future of Lithuania / Mokslas: Lietuvos Ateitis is the property of Vilnius Gediminas Technical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Building information modeling (BIM) and blockchain applications have introduced significant benefits to the architecture, engineering, construction, and operation (AECO) industry in recent years. Although publications on BIM and blockchain integration have been increasing, no systematic examination of the present status and managerial implications of integrated BIM and blockchain has been conducted. To bridge this gap, this paper conducts a state-of-the-art review of the development of integrated BIM and blockchain in a built environment. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was adopted to synthesize and analyze the research evidence. The results revealed five key managerial implications of BIM integration with blockchain at the project level: design and collaboration, financial management, construction management, information management, and integration management (with other cutting-edge technologies). Challenges and opportunities are outlined and articulated from both technological and managerial perspectives, such as stakeholder management, impact assessment, real-time project management, information redundancy, and incompatibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper and prints on it are analyzed as composite materials. Printing, varnishing and lamination are described in terms of the formation of the composite material. The article discusses why and how the properties of a print should differ from the properties of paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The superiority of BWM over other weighting methods for obtaining the weight values of the attributes is that it achieves high-confidence results with a reasonable number of pairwise comparisons. Although the best-worst method (BWM) is a well-known multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method that has been successfully utilized in almost all scientific areas to solve challenging real-life problems, no research has comprehensively examined the state-of-the-art in this regard. The present study depicts a detailed overview of publications concerned with BWM during the period 2015–2022. Based on the information obtained from the Scopus database, this work presents a big picture of current research on BWM. In other words, this paper analyzes the existing literature about BWM and identifies thematic contexts, application areas, emerging trends, and remaining research gaps to shed light on future research agendas aligning with those gaps. Further, the most recent BWM research is analyzed in the top ten scientific areas, from engineering to materials science. “Engineering”, “computer science”, and “business, management, and accounting” are the hottest fields of BWM research. China is the most active country regarding “engineering” and “computer science”, whereas India is the leader in “business, management, and accounting”. The study also reveals that there are still many research gaps in BWM research. The big picture taken in this study will not only showcase the current situation of BWM research but will also positively impact the direction and quality of new research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the construction industry worldwide has shown significant interest in Building Information Modeling (BIM). This study aims to analyze the dissemination of knowledge about BIM in construction engineering applications using Main Path Analysis (MPA). The research sample comprises 3,761 papers related to BIM's application in the construction industry, sourced from the ISI Web of Science database. Initially, we investigate trends in paper publications, conduct country and journal analyses, and examine author statistics. Subsequently, we calculate traversal counts along the search path links to reveal the development trajectory of BIM. The trajectory of BIM's evolution in the construction industry can be divided into four stages as identified through the global key-route main path analysis: 1) BIM standardization; 2) Integration of completed building projects using BIM; 3) BIM applications in precast construction projects; and 4) BIM applications in land management. These findings provide a clear understanding of how BIM has been applied and evolved within the construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land supply in China is planned by governments, and the supply ratios of various types of land are in relatively rigid administrative control. This paper constructs a DSGE model to study the relationship between land supply marketization in China and economic fluctuations. Moreover, this paper evaluates the social welfare gains from land marketization. We document that the government's land planning constraint impacts consumption and social welfare through the land price and final output, causing resource misallocation losses in aggregate investment and output. Quantitatively, the optimal upper limit of industrial land supply is about 40% to achieve the maximum social welfare. This paper stresses the necessity of revitalizing China's land market, and simultaneously speeding up the marketization of collectively operated construction land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous qualitative review studies have been conducted to enhance the understanding of current research status of green buildings (GBs). Green building assessment methods (GBAMs) are crucial to the development of GBs and relevant research works has received wide attention. However, there are very few reviews to quantitively explore these studies. Therefore, this paper aims to systematically review literatures on GBAMs, and visually analyzes them through CiteSpace and HistCite. The article identified the most influential journals, contributors, representative institutions and regions. The knowledge bases of this area focus on "triple bottom line", "indicator", "building design", "life cycle costing", "life cycle sustainability assessment", "tropical climate", "building information modelling" and "Chinese green building label". Through citation analysis, "updating existing GBAMs by scheme comparison", "updating existing GBAMs by GB case analysis", "establishment of new GBAMs" and "incorporation of BIM in GBAMs" were found as the main research themes. "Design", "LCA", "model", "energy", "management", "residential buildings" and "office buildings" are high-frequency keywords. Future research directions were finally proposed as "more investigation on the other types of GBs", "incorporation of cost-related criteria", "enhancing health-related indicators" and "integrating with BIM technology". The results could provide a useful reference to industry practitioners and scholars interested in GBAMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents linguistic error analysis of articles written by non-native speakers of English which were published in the journal 'Transport' in 2003-2004. The errors were identified, classified and analysed from various perspectives. The main causes of language misuse were also identified and explained within the framework of the theory of linguistic relativity and laws of interference of the native language of the learners. The analysis is aimed at building competence of technical writers in the English language used in scientific papers. The results obtained in the investigation allowed the authors to provide some recommendations to technical writers as to improving the proficiency in scientific English. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the characteristics of four straw-filled beetle elytron plate (BEPsc) nonload-bearing walls, with their thermal and mechanical properties ascertained by the finite element method, focusing on structural parameters reported in previous studies and further optimized in this paper. The results are as follows: 1) The sequence of the four models' mechanical and thermal insulation properties with the reported structural parameters is given. The mechanical properties are mainly affected by the core layer's out-of-plane bending moment of inertia Ix. The insulation capability is mainly governed by the minimum cross section of the core concrete. Based on this result, a BEP with nonuniform cross-sectional honeycomb walls is proposed. 2) Further optimization is conducted on the two models with the weakest mechanical and thermal properties. The I-beam beetle elytron plate (IBEPsc) is proven most suitable for nonload-bearing walls. The potential for end-trabecular beetle elytron plate (EBEPsc) in hollow floors is expected. 3) As biomimetic models emerge constantly, it is of great significance to conduct parallel comparisons between new and old models to determine their performance levels and advantages. This paper provides an example for selecting suitable BEPs for applications and an inspiration for more work on screening outstanding biomimetic models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses some inaccurate uses of pronominal forms, certain terms, syntactical and lexical mistakes in papers on welding. The article also provides the examples of mistakes found in welding papers. The use of nonpronominal forms in the denoted terms is one of the typical morphological mistakes in treating the process of welding. Another problem is the inaccurate use and wrong formation of terminology. The main lexical mistakes are semantic mistakes and calque. The article also focuses on the syntactical mistakes – the mistaken expression of purpose, the wrong use of preposition prie, redundant use of abstract nouns in treatises, also inaccurate use of infinitive with conjuction kad in dependent clauses. Causes for language mistakes and correction of errors are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discharge of adsorbable organic halides (AOX) into the water bodies has resulted into many health and environmental problems such as endocrine disruption, aquatic toxicity, bioaccumulation and carcinogenicity. The already known physical, chemical and electrochemical methods are not economically viable for the control of water pollution. So this paper focuses on the biological reduction of AOX from pulp and paper mill effluent using isolated bacteria. The isolated bacteria were screened and finally Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 1 was used further. The effect of various parameters such as, bacterial cell concentration, surface washing of bacterial cell and agitation were investigated and it was found that to some extend every parameter has resulted in the reduction of AOX from the effluent. It was inferred that the three time washed pellet inoculated in the ratio of 1:1 (sample: pellet) and incubated at 150 rpm at 37°C for 24h has resulted in 78% of AOX removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper the folding quality in the printing house "BALTO" is investigated. The concept of quality, paper folding process, combined folding machine parameters and printing papers are described. In the paper the percent of folding defects is determined, the spoilage dependence on paper characteristics, folding machine settings and other factors are investigated. Results were presented as histograms and were analyzed using statistical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses some inaccurate uses of pronominal forms, certain terms and one of the syntactical mistakes -- the expression of purpose. The article also provides the examples of mistakes found in welding papers. The use of nonpronominal forms in the denoted terms is one of typical morphological mistakes in treating the process of welding. Another problem is the inaccurate use and wrong formation of terminology. The article also focuses on the mistaken expression of purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Journal of Business Economics and Management (JBEM) has been very active in the field of economics and management science and brought many influential outputs in the last decades. This paper investigated the current status of publications and citations from JBEM and explored the hot topics and new trends represented by most used keywords extracted from the published articles from 2007 to 2019. The data were analyzed and mapped with respect to the most cited literature, most prolific authors, and publication records categorized by authors, institutions and countries. The analysis revealed that papers published each year by the JBEM is relatively stable and published papers has an expected citation number 7.68 times. The difference in frequency of keywords in different stages give us informative clue for future studies. The emerging topics include "SMEs" "Information" "framework" "perspective", hence the likely focus of JBEM to consider submission of papers centered on these topics, the comparison of keywords between JBEM and Hot Papers & Highly Cited Papers was made as well. Some new trends, for example, information science combining with management science are new hot topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the impact of digital transformation (DT) on new business creation in the case of European Union member states over the period 2015-2020 by employing several econometric techniques such as Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and quantile regression (QR). The results of OLS regression indicate a positive and significant link between DT and entrepreneurial activity. However, the quantile regression results highlight a parameter heterogeneity in the effect of DT on entrepreneurial activity. Furthermore, the magnitude of the impact is greater at the higher size quantiles of the new business density distribution. Overall, the empirical findings highlight the key role of DT in developing public policies aimed to spur entrepreneurial activity. Thus, this paper brings significant contributions to the extant literature on the macro determinants of firm creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The widespread and substantial effect of the global financial crisis in history underlines the importance of forecasting financial crisis effectively. In this paper, we propose temporal convolutional network (TCN), which based on a convolutional neural network, to construct an early warning system for financial crises. The proposed TCN is compared with logit model and other deep learning models. The Shapley value decomposition is calculated for the interpretability of the early warning system. Experimental results show that the proposed TCN outperforms other models, and the stock price and the real GDP growth have the largest contributions in the crises prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]