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Jean-François Lyotard: The Interviews and Debates: edited by Kiff Bamford, London, Bloomsbury Academic, 2020, x + 206 pp., £23.99 (paper) Having reclaimed the concept of the "figure" from I Discourse, Figure i , one of Lyotard's earliest major works and one of the last to be translated into English, and providing the first sorely needed critical biography of Lyotard in 2017, Bamford has perhaps done more than any other scholar to underscore Lyotard's continuing relevance and sophisticated thinking. Two of the three texts, a personal letter to Lyotard from Deleuze and a review of Lyotard's first major work, I Discourse, Figure i (1971), are decidedly unidirectional or asymmetrical in their import (chaps. [Extracted from the article]

B Mar Satorras b is Urban Sustainability Researcher at the Institut Metròpoli, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain, and affiliated researcher at the Urban Transformation and Global Change Laboratory (TURBA, IN3, UOC), Barcelona, Spain. We take the nomination of Best Paper and Honourable Mention very seriously, so the selection process is a bit elaborate. Both selections are on important institutional issues that have gained salience in the twenty-first century - how to reoperate reservoirs in a highly stressed basin to meet the challenges of climate change and competing demands, and how to finance the remunicipalization of urban water. [Extracted from the article]

One of the key challenges in assessing cognitive performance is to detect not only apparent impairment but to also pick up on subtle differences. Computerized tests benefit especially from the acquisition of fine-grained outcome measures. However, the equivalency of paper-based and computerized tests cannot be assumed. The Trail-Making-Test is a paper-pencil cognitive assessment tool (ppTMT) that has been used in many research studies to evaluate visuomotor abilities and mental flexibility. A digital version of the extended TMT (including a condition measuring fine motor speed) called the dTMT has been developed. This study aims to test (1) reliability, (2) equivalence, and (3) agreement of the ppTMT and dTMT. A total of 53 healthy individuals aged 19 to 82 years of age (22 men, 31 women; mean age 42.2, SD = 22.8) completed three trials per ppTMT and dTMT condition. Part M involves following a predefined path, Part A links numbers randomly distributed in space, in ascending order, and Part B alternates between linking numbers and letters. dTMT scores were highly reproducible, correlated strongly with paper-pencil administered durations, and discriminated young from older adults. Measures of reliability, sensitivity, and clinical meaning for dTMT scores were favorable compared with ppTMT-based testing. Our findings support the comparability of TMT-indices in computerized assessments. While many digital biomarker efforts are in progress (e.g., neurodegenerative disorders), the dTMT sets itself apart through its high sensitivity, the alternate forms, and the additional component measures. In this light, it could serve as a starting point for an early diagnostic tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the development of functional honeycomb plates (FHPs) and efficient resource utilization of straw, based on the measurement of the equivalent thermal conductivity (λE) of paper honeycomb plates (HPs) and FHPs, including straw-core paper honeycomb plates (SHPs), under cold-left and hot-right conditions, the influence mechanism of the system geometry parameters on the convective heat transfer of HPs and the heat insulation performance of FHPs by fillers are discussed. The results are as follows. 1) Compared with the case of hot-above and cold-below conditions, the convective heat transfer ratio of HP increases substantially under cold-left and hot-right conditions. 2) The main heat transfer modes of the FHPs are radiative heat transfer between the wall (including the panel and side) and filling material and solid heat conduction in the filling material, supplemented by a small amount of heat conduction through air or local convection heat transfer in the void. 3) The higher the temperature is, the greater the FHP equivalent thermal conductivity, with little influence from the heat transfer direction. 4) It is relatively conservative to use the heat transfer effect of HPs and FHPs to evaluate that of beetle elytron plates (BEPs) and functional beetle elytron plates (FBEPs). This study lays a foundation for the application of multifunctional BEPs and HPs in building envelopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we describe a simple strategy for the preparation of a low-cost electrode material based on polypyrrole (PPy) film grown on an insulating cellulosic paper substrate via in-situ oxidative polymerisation technique and functionalised by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) uniformly dispersed on its surface. The properties of the obtained AgNPs-PPy composites were characterised using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The electrocatalytic activity of the prepared electrode was investigated for the electroreduction of nitrate using cyclic voltammetry in 0.1 M KOH solution. Results demonstrated that the incorporation of AgNPs into the PPy matrix improves significantly the catalytic behaviour of this film. The effect on the electrode response of the amount of the incorporated AgNPs was also investigated. This paper highlights a simple procedure for the making of low-cost paper electrodes for the efficient reduction of nitrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates 'newspaper reading groups' (dubaozu) in the People's Republic of China (PRC) from 1951–1955, and how these groups reflected the daily practice, possibilities, and limits of a particular news culture in China under high socialism. As local newspaper reading group leaders translated national and provincial news into locally intelligible form, they were encouraged to combat boredom among audiences by choosing sensational news stories and transmitting this news in an entertaining fashion, adding music, song, and storytelling methods to embellish the 'dead' text of the newspaper at hand. By researching the particular methods of the newspaper reading group, this paper revisits the role of emotion in creating political meaning among audiences in what has been deemed one of the most propaganda-oriented societies of the twentieth century, encouraging a reassessment of how propaganda systems function not only in Chinese contexts but also among low-literacy communities the world over. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alwyn Lishman was interested in how memory research could be applied to clinical psychiatry. After a brief review of his major contributions, this paper will focus on his research on the alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome. It will consider how his findings relate to contemporary debates, particularly on how the syndrome should be defined, and its relationship to broader alcohol-induced cognitive impairments. A review of the contribution of Alwyn Lishman, Robin Jacobson and colleagues to our knowledge of Korsakoff's syndrome, together with a review of the pertinent recent literature. Lishman and colleagues followed earlier authors in defining the Korsakoff syndrome in terms of disproportionate memory impairment, but they also noted a variable degree of IQ, frontal-executive, and timed visuo-spatial impairment in their cases. More recent authors have included such features in their definitions of the syndrome. Lishman also argued for a specific "alcoholic dementia". The present paper argues that recent definitions of the Korsakoff syndrome confound its core and associated features, and also fail to recognise the multifactorial basis of alcohol-related brain damage. Korsakoff's syndrome is best defined in terms of disproportionate memory impairment, and more widespread cognitive impairment is best encompassed within "alcohol-related brain damage". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alwyn Lishman appreciated that if we are to understand the psychological consequences of cerebral disorder we must study the interaction between organic disease and psychological processes. We have reviewed Lishman's two major publications on the neuropsychiatry of head injury, published in 1968 and 1988, and considered their conclusions in the light of current knowledge. In his 1968 paper on the psychiatric sequelae of open head injuries sustained in World War II Lishman demonstrated associations between the type of psychiatric sequelae and the location of the injury. He also found that those with "somatic complaints", such as fatigue or sensitivity to light, showed less evidence of organic injury. In his 1988 paper, he attempted to explain why a mild head injury may be followed by long-lasting symptoms. He suggested that in the absence of complications early, organic, symptoms (physiogenesis) should recover quickly. However, this healthy recovery could be jeopardised by psychological factors (psychogenesis), resulting in long-lasting symptoms. This model of physiogenesis and psychogenesis remains relevant today. The ideas Lishman developed in these two papers were the basis for his huge contribution to the field of neuropsychiatry, and remain relevant today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalonia is experiencing a significant wave of innovation in its schools. After decades of little change, since 2015 there has been a systemic surge of innovation in education that includes hundreds of primary and secondary schools. Almost at the same time, in 2015, the Catalan government enacted a new inclusive school framework based on the Salamanca Statement and subsequent developments (Ainscow, Booth, Slee, Stainback or Pujolàs, among others). This position paper analyses exploratory what is occurring in schools regarding the intersectionality between innovation and inclusion. The preliminary results show that, inclusion often competes and clashes with innovation in concrete school perspectives and practices. Our appraisal is that some schools tend to prioritise innovative practices over inclusive ones and present them as a 'school brand' in order to compete for white middle-class families. At the same time, some (head) teachers avoid implementing inclusive practices because they feel they are related to having more Special Educational Needs (SEN) students and a more complex and less 'competitive' school. The paper concludes by critiquing the setback to inclusive practices due to intersectionality with innovation, and by outlining some recommendations to generate positive synergies between the movements of innovation and inclusion [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Archives are not straightforward repositories of history. Instead, they authorize which stories are remembered. In this article we apply the insights of cultural geographers and other influential scholars of archives to analyze the political dimensions of archiving activist histories. A small group of antiprison activists produced a personal archive during the 1990s and 2000s documenting brutality behind bars and efforts to dismantle solitary confinement in California prisons. After being deemed too dangerous to be opened to the public by university archivists, and without a permanent home, the papers were at risk of being lost to history. By presenting our work building this archive, we analyze the limitations of institutional libraries and the vital role played by individuals and independent institutions willing to preserve dangerous papers, and we show how preserving histories of state violence and opposition can become a deeply personal and risky endeavor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soil based potting mix (media) of four altered proportion of farmyard manure (FYM) and three different pot volumes were considered for quality seedlings production of tomato and chili in cylindrical shaped paper pots made of bio-degradable newspaper material (density 50 g m−2). The experimental factors include three paper pot sizes of 50 cm3 (V1), 70 cm3 (V2), and 90 cm3 (V3) volume and four potting mixes made of 90% (M1), 70% (M2), 50% (M3) and 30% (M4) of different FYM proportions with equal proportions of sand and top layered soil were used in the experimentation to study the seedlings growth characteristics at the stage of transplanting. Though several seedlings growth characteristics are involved to recognize the good seedling, but the experimental selection criteria was based on two most dominating characters, that is, height and dry weight of seedlings. After completion of the experiment, the data was statistically analyzed to for rectify combination of potting media mix with respect to pot volume for the large-scale production of seedlings. It was found that pot volume of 90 cm3 (V3) filled with M4 mix (includes 30% FYM, and rest of each 35% sand and top soil) were the best for growing vegetable seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Japanese painting paper is sized with an aqueous solution of alum and animal glue followed by brushing with a mixture of pigments of various colours and aqueous animal glue solution. Subsequently, to mount the Japanese painting to a hanging scroll, the backside of the painting is lined with a first lining paper using wheat starch paste for mechanical support. To evaluate the permanence of the painting paper as a composite material in the hanging scroll, the deterioration behaviour of the unlined painting paper and the lined painting paper was compared considering the material dynamics. After moist heat accelerated ageing (80°C, 65% RH), in the sample immersed in a CuSO4・5H2O solution, cellulose was oxidised by Cu2+ to generate organic acids in the painting paper, and Cu2+ and organic acids migrated to the lining paper. Consequently, the discolouration and oxidation of the painting paper in the lined complex were relatively low compared with those of the unlined painting paper. The pH decrease in the painting paper was also small in the lined complex. Moreover, if the animal glue solution was coated on the painting paper, a buffer effect was shown to operate against the organic acids derived from the oxidation of Cu2+, thereby inhibiting the migration of Cu2+ into the lining paper. In conclusion, the presence of the lining paper inhibited the decrease in the physical strength and degree of polymerisation of the cellulose in the painting paper, thus contributing to its permanence in the lined hanging scroll. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aging and acidification behavior of paper archives affect their long-term preservation. Therefore, delaying or preventing aging and acidification has become an important topic in the field of paper archives management. the aging and acidification behavior of commercial archival paper were studied by measuring pH value, electrical conductivity, mechanical properties and whiteness in this work. The results show that the aging and acidification phenomena are obvious after dry-heat aging treatment. The molecular degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other components results in the decrease of pH value of the system, which decrease with the increase of the treatment temperature and time. The electrical conductivity of the system increases because of the molecular degradation and structural degradation, and with the increase of the treatment temperature and time, the electrical conductivity increases more significantly. After aging treatment, the paper appears etching and increasing microcosmic pores. With the occurrence of molecular degradation and structural degradation, the tensile index and whiteness of the paper decrease, and with the increase of the treatment temperature and time, the tensile index and whiteness decrease more significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The management of postoperative bleeding, after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), has become particularly important because of the recent increase in antithrombotic use. Endoscopic shielding with polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheets has been shown to be effective. However, shrinkage and early displacement of the sheet remain challenges. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of our developed method, named wafer paper and ring-mounted PGA sheet (WaRP). Twenty-four patients with antithrombotic uptake who underwent the WaRP method following gastric ESD were retrospectively examined. This involved the delivery of a PGA sheet wrapped in wafer paper with ring-thread, and its fixation on the gastric floor using hemoclips. The primary outcome was the technical success rate of the WaRP, and several secondary outcomes were evaluated. The technical success rate of WaRP was 100%. The procedure lasted a mean of 10.5 min (SD 6.7 min). The prevalence of complete retention at follow-up endoscopy was 83.3% (20/24). There were no WaRP-associated complications, but post-ESD hemorrhage occurred in two patients undergoing hemodialysis (8.3%). The WaRP method is a simple and reliable means of PGA sheet delivery and placement that reduces the incidence of post-ESD hemorrhage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The liberalisation of cannabis laws, the increasing availability and potency of cannabis has renewed concern about the risk of psychosis with cannabis. The objective of the WFSBP task force was to review the literature about this relationship. Converging lines of evidence suggest that exposure to cannabis increases the risk for psychoses ranging from transient psychotic states to chronic recurrent psychosis. The greater the dose, and the earlier the age of exposure, the greater the risk. For some psychosis outcomes, the evidence supports some of the criteria of causality. However, alternate explanations including reverse causality and confounders cannot be conclusively excluded. Furthermore, cannabis is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause psychosis. More likely it is one of the multiple causal components. In those with established psychosis, cannabis has a negative impact on the course and expression of the illness. Emerging evidence also suggests alterations in the endocannabinoid system in psychotic disorders. Given that exposure to cannabis and cannabinoids is modifiable, delaying or eliminating exposure to cannabis or cannabinoids, could potentially impact the rates of psychosis related to cannabis, especially in those who are at high risk for developing the disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the intertwinement of politics, international affairs and culture during the Cold War through a case study of Polish-Dutch cultural relations and the heterogeneous factors that shaped them. The study centres around the turbulent events of 1968 in Poland, and their impact on the international cultural policies of the Polish People's Republic and the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It demonstrates that the cultural field suffered the most immediate consequences of the political decisions taken by both parties – consequences which lasted for a considerable time – thus making it a metaphorical litmus test for the Cold War international relationships. This article reconstructs and analyses Polish and Dutch reactions to the 1968 events and their use of culture for the sake of their own policies – both as a form of protest and as an anti-crisis tool meant to influence the authorities and citizens of the target country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly cited articles have been revealed as being informative for research fields, topics, and trends. Through reading highly cited articles, researchers can gain fruitful results from previous studies and can identify essential clues and potential future research directions for their own research. Aiming at exploring the possibility of the application of and innovations in flipped learning, this study reviewed 100 highly cited articles related to flipped learning. By performing a literature review of the highly cited studies on flipped learning, we have discovered the proposed new learning strategies and flipped learning applied to the research topics that seldom draw attention, and the research fields that are less-frequently examined, including those research issues that are rarely discussed. We have also noticed that many studies have focused on comparing different flipped learning modes and identifying more effective flipped learning approaches. Only a minority of studies have compared the influences of flipped learning and traditional learning. Moreover, we found that researchers have tended to focus more on students' learning achievements and learning behaviors. Lastly, based on the reviews of the past flipped learning articles, this study provides suggestions from different perspectives. We hope to provide a reference for researchers and teachers to conduct flipped learning studies and design flipped learning activities in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The controversy over vaccines, which has recently intensified following the COVID-19 pandemic, provokes heated debates, with both advocates and opponents raising allegations of bias and fraud in research. Researchers whose work raises doubts about the safety of certain vaccines claim to be victims of discriminatory treatment aimed at suppressing dissent, including the unjustified retraction of their published research. Such practices have previously been discussed in other controversial fields in science (e.g., AIDS, the environment, and water fluoridation) but not in the field of vaccines. The purpose of this study was to analyze, for the first time, the subjective views of researchers whose papers were retracted. Study participants are active researchers, most with international reputations in their respective fields. They perceived retraction as a means of censoring and silencing critical voices with the aim of preserving the pro-vaccination agenda of interested parties. Participants also reported additional measures aimed at harming them personally and professionally. These findings point to the need for a fair, open, and honest discourse about the safety of vaccines for the benefit of public health and the restoration of trust in science and medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seemingly mundane bureaucratic papers – such as birth and marriage certificates – are official proof of legal identities and relations to kin, usually issued by the state of origin. For Syrians who have sought asylum in Germany, these documents are necessary during the asylum procedure and beyond, for certain bureaucratic procedures and the recording of crucial life events. Retracing the crafting of these documents in Syria, and their encounter with German bureaucracy, captures the depth of the entanglement between the Syrian and German citizenship regimes, as well as their discrepancies in relation to paperwork and legality. Drawing on ethnographic research with Syrians in Lebanon and in Germany, this article argues that the legal production of legality in Germany can only be achieved through legally ambiguous, if not so-called illegal, practices in Syria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I Funding Bodies i by Sarah Wilbur does the important work of unpacking how dance funding flowed from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) between 1965 and 2016. Accounting and Accountability: How the NEA Funded Dance: By Sarah Wilbur. While NEA dance funding has plummeted since the late 1990s, there is much to be gained from understanding the NEA's history and the possibilities for this institution. [Extracted from the article]

Social Ghosts and Collective Bodies in Rosemarie Roberts' Baring Unbearable Sensualities: Hip Hop Dance, Bodies, Race, and Power: By Rosemarie Roberts. 5 While scholars and practitioners spell hip hop in various ways, I am using "Hip Hop" to keep consistent with Rosemarie Roberts' spelling. Expanding upon Randy Martin's theory of the "composite body,"[1] Roberts theorizes the formation of a collective body that attends to marginalized Black and Brown bodies. [Extracted from the article]

Falling Again and Again: By Emilyn Claid. I found comfort in the familiar dance language in the book; however, Claid draws on the vast experience she has in performance to widen the accessibility of this book beyond dance. Claid analyzes the performance work I My Sex, Our Dance i (1986) created by Lloyd Newson and Nigel Charnock, alongside interviews with Lloyd Newson in the section titled "Sex in Crisis" (pp. 127-31). [Extracted from the article]

Dr. Franco also receives permission to take Maria out for walks. Over the course of the treatment, Dr. Franco relies on Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) to help Maria process the trauma she experienced, on psychodynamic therapy to help her connect what happened to her with her current fears, and on CBT techniques to help Maria recognize unhelpful ways of thinking. In her paper, Dr. Franco gives a painful account of the case of Maria, a seventeen-year-old adolescent who experienced emotional neglect and abandonment as well as sexual, physical and emotional abuse from early on. Maria's individual treatment is presented as part of the Trauma Systems Therapy for Refugees (TST-R) proposed by Ellis et al. ([8]). [Extracted from the article]

This work aims to explore the potentialities of an end-user personalisation platform in industrial settings. In such a context, stakeholders with different roles and competencies collaborate to manage and control an environment where legacy machines coexist and interact with newer ones. Our goal is to provide a rule-based tool that allows end-users to build personalised solutions to respond quickly to the dynamic needs of factories. We report on a case study in the paper factory domain, in which the industrial aspects identified with expert stakeholders through interviews have been simulated and addressed through an extension of a personalisation platform. A first user test of the resulting environment has been carried out with a representative set of users, and has provided useful and encouraging feedback in terms of the potentialities of the proposed approach in industrial contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In my discussion of Picard's paper, I emphasize how she does not explain or justify her unilateral decision to close her practice but instead offers us a more direct access to her experience, with sensitivity to her patients' pain, her own conflicts and personal needs. I believe Picard's choice to be candid rather than explanatory provides the reader with a far stronger message about retiring a clinical practice. I suggest that the interests beyond analytic practice that both beckon her and sustain her into retirement relate to my concept of an essential "nonanalytic third." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 1970s, a continuous exchange of information about conservation between Europe and East Asia has greatly influenced approaches to the treatment of paper objects as well as the tools and materials used. This knowledge is often disseminated and absorbed in a purely practical manner, stripped out of its wider cultural context. However, what is considered 'appropriate' treatment is closely linked to how a particular culture has historically interacted with artworks and arguably the lack of broader cultural perspectives can lead to misguided assumptions in the evaluation of those practices. This article reflects on the differences between European and East Asian cultures of paper conservation. By taking into consideration the relevant cultural, philosophical and historical contexts, the article aims to explore how approaches to conservation, as well as to the profession itself, have developed in these two different parts of the world. It further encourages paper conservators to reflect on their own training and practices while offering an understanding of how these approaches can sometimes be mutually exclusive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modeling of the dryer section of a paper machine is of high importance in both designing and operation points of view. In this research, a novel thermodynamic and heat and mass transfer model has been introduced. The model is based on empirical equations of the literature and does not need fine discretization techniques such as finite difference method. The method used for calculation of convective heat and mass transfer coefficients of the dryer is a modification of the methods utilized in the literature. The trend of paper and air temperature in the dryer, the steam consumption of each cylinder, as well as the trend of drying process throughout the dryer has been calculated. Overall results of the dryer such as the total evaporated water and the specific steam consumption of the dryer have been obtained too. The results have been validated with experimental data of a previous research in the literature and show a relatively good agreement with the experimental data. Finally, the sensitivity of the results to some main parameters has been analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current analytical techniques for characterizing printing and graphic arts substrates, particularly those used to date and authenticate provenance, are destructive. This limits the amount of data that can be captured from an individual sample. For samples being evaluated in forensic and archeological investigations, any loss or degradation of the materials is undesirable. Furthermore, it is difficult to produce statistically relevant data for such analytes. We have shown elsewhere that a contactless microwave resonant cavity dielectric spectroscopy technique can discriminate between paper samples made from different plant fiber species based on their lignin content. In this publication, we demonstrate the utility of the contactless resonant cavity dielectric spectroscopy (RCDS) technique in the characterization of naturally and artificially aged paper samples. Based on our experimental results, we suggest that the technique could be used in forensic and archeological investigations of unique paper products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Variations in wood properties such as basic density, tissue proportion, fibre dimensions and their derived indices, cellulose and lignin content of Melia dubia at five age gradations were examined to evaluate the suitability of the species for pulp and paper production. The study showed that basic density, fibre proportion, fibre length, cell wall thickness, slenderness ratio, solids factor, cellulose and lignin content increased with tree age. However, vessel proportion, fibre width and lumen width decreased. Most of the wood properties were found suitable for making good quality pulp and paper at the age of 4 and 5 years in comparison to other hardwood species among five age gradation. Hence, harvesting at fourth and fifth year of age is suggested in M. dubia for high pulp yield and better paper quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper exploits the information obtained in Annual Survey of Industries during 1999–2010 to gauge the degree of value-added owing to the use of traditional inputs (capital, labor, energy, indigenous materials, and imported materials) and advanced industrial production technology (services, information and communications technology, and pollution control equipment) in two main sub-sectors of the Pulp and Paper (P&P) industry in India categorized according to use of different types of raw material. The panel data econometric exercise confirms that the use of traditional inputs and advanced industrial technologies, and industry level determinants of the two sub-sectors have varied effects on value-added within them. These findings are important for promoting higher value-added production in different sectors within the resource-based industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, electrocoagulation (EC) was used to determine the optimum conditions on the basis of maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color removal. At the optimum conditions chlorophenols (CPs), biological oxygen demand and total organic carbon (TOC) were determined. The biodegradability of wastewater was increased significantly with 63% COD, 98% color, 61% TOC and overall 65.51% reductions in CPs. Further, the electro-coagulated sludge was characterized by using different analytical techniques to assist the physicochemical and elemental phases, to find-out better management option, reusability for plant growth and safe disposal. Additionally, aluminum content (70.62%) was successfully recovered from sludge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study concerns a practical approach to survey water sorption properties of ionic liquid ([EMIM]OAc) treated papers with and without chemical crosslinking. Ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM]OAc) can be used to transform sulfate pulp paper to regenerated cellulose film-like material. The fusion process increases both the dry and wet strength of the paper, improves oxygen and grease barrier properties, and increases paper transparency. The transformation is brought about by dissolution of the surfaces of the cellulosic fibers followed by precipitation and fusion of the fiber surfaces. Treatment conditions can be adjusted to produce partial dissolution of the fibers resulting in paper-like materials with improved wet-strength, or to achieve substantial or full dissolution resulting in transparent, regenerated cellulose film-like materials. From the industrial feasibility point of view, understanding the water sorption properties of IL-treated paper and the process parameters to control it are crucial. Results show that the treatment makes the paper more sensitive to both liquid water and water vapor, the magnitude depending on the degree of fiber dissolution and restraint of sheet shrinking during the treatment. Decreased water absorption and improved sheet dimensional stability were achieved by use of chemical crosslinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anatomical and chemical properties of a lesser known species, Kawui wood, were investigated Two trees were examined based on IAWA, ASTM and SNI. A completely randomised design was used with radial direction of the trunk (sapwood and heartwood) as the factor, in three replications. It indicated the highest to lowest cell proportions are fibres, rays, vessels and parenchyma. The highest proportion of rays was in the sapwood, while the fibre was in the heartwood. However, the average fibre length in the sapwood was higher than the heartwood, while the lumen diameter showed the reverse. Holocellulose, α-cellulose, lignin, extractives, and ash content of the sapwood was higher than the heartwood. Based on its anatomical and chemical properties, Kawui wood can be included in grade II–IV, which is suitable for medium quality pulp and paper production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is the largest importer of waste paper in the world and is highly dependent on the international market. Thus, the relationship between Chinese and international waste paper markets affects the supply of fiber materials in China's paper industry. This study examined the dynamic relationship between the two markets and the impact of newly implemented policies on both markets. We used unit root tests, cointegration test, vector error correction model (VECM) and frequency-domain Granger causality test to investigate the integration between Chinese and international waste paper markets and identify which of the two markets is the price leader. The results revealed that the two markets were integrated after controlling for structural breaks, and the Chinese market acted as the price leader. Since the supply of waste paper and wood pulp is insufficient in China to meet the fiber demand of the paper industry, waste paper import restrictions have significantly affected the supply of fiber materials in China's paper industry. Therefore, the Chinese government should fully consider the benefit of market integration and make full use of international waste paper resources to satisfy the large domestic demand for paper products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the newly published autobiography of Yang Yi, a renowned English-to-Chinese translator in modern China. The autobiography provides insights into social life in China and presents a left-elite historical narrative of the Republic of China. Yang's autobiography covers her family background, education, interactions with famous writers, and her experiences during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The article highlights the importance of Yang's autobiography as a primary source for understanding the history of modern China, particularly in relation to the elite society and the history of sexuality. [Extracted from the article]

The provincial Liberal government, then led by McCullagh's good friend Premier Mitchell Hepburn, quickly moved to oppose the action and the I Globe and Mail i soon became a gramophone strongly supporting Hepburn's attack on the UAW. The McCullagh-King relationship Bourrie describes was not positive, with the wily King thinking McCullagh hopelessly naïve and the restless McCullagh convinced that King was too cautious and yesterday's man. [Extracted from the article]

Following upon the spurs of Sara Humphreys's I Manifest Destiny 2.0 i (2021) and Christopher Conway and Antoinette Sol's I The Comic Book Western i (2022), both published in the University of Nebraska Press's "Postwestern Horizons" series and both examining global manifestations of the Western in a specific nonliterary medium (video games and comic books, respectively), Joel Deshaye's I The American Western in Canadian Literature i , the latest addition to the University of Calgary Press's "The West" series, moves the critical debate on the Western genre back to literature and takes a "nationalist" approach - in a way. Chapter 4, "From Law to Outlaw: The Second World War, Westerns, and the '40s Pulps", constitutes another highlight of I The American Western in Canadian Literature i . At the same time, Deshaye seeks to trace the development of the Canadian Western, from the fiction of Ralph Connor and H.A. Cody at the beginning of the 20 SP th sp century via 1940s pulp Westerns, postmodern Westerns from the late 1960s through the early 1990s, and First Nations perspectives on the genre from the 1990s through the early 2000s, to the contemporary "resurgence" (347) of the (post-)Western in Canada in the wake of Robert Kroetsch's I The Man from the Creeks i (1998). [Extracted from the article]

The topic area for heat exchangers covers tube-and-fin heat exchangers and plate heat exchangers. The International Scientific and Technical Conference - "Modern Power Systems and Units" (MPSU) has been organized by the Department of Energy, Cracow University of Technology, for over 15 years. [Extracted from the article]

Michael Berry reminds us it is essential to position Jia within the dual environments of the local Chinese film industry and international art house cinema to understand his political orientation and aesthetic personas (p. 14). I Jia Zhangke on Jia Zhangke i , containing a series conversations between these two heavyweight cultural icons in contemporary Chinese cinema, provides a comprehensive and profound view of Jia's film style. Jia Zhangke, one of the most important Chinese film directors and screenwriters, is a leading figure of the "Sixth Generation" movement of Chinese cinema. [Extracted from the article]

It is particularly notable that Francis considers their relative lack of engagement with film scholars as a longstanding problem: The academics who use our films in film studies courses - we should have a very close relationship with them. The stated purpose of this collection is to indicate how film archives could employ a model of curatorship common to art galleries and museums, in order to aid the preservation and presentation of film. The publication of this book might go some way towards making the issues faced by film curators more understandable to film scholars and other interested professionals. [Extracted from the article]

At a time when the world is critical of the Brazilian government and the loss of Amazonian rainforest, Brian J. Godfrey casts his 40-year gaze on Rio de Janeiro. Geographer Godfrey deftly uses various scales of analysis - global, hemispheric, national, regional, metropolitan, and neighborhood - to point out how memory can be used to reinvent places both in Rio and elsewhere. Godfrey's real nugget is chapter 3's examination of Little Africa in Rio. [Extracted from the article]

The author, Gabriel Levy, then proposes his solution: that humanistic and scientistic methodologies can be bridged through a different metaphysics than either of them typically employs, the theory of the late Berkeley philosopher Donald Davidson called "anomalous monism." Surely that is not really how academic discourse works, and the mind boggles at the thought of cultural anthropologist Talal Asad and psychology professor Michael Persinger sitting down to discuss anomalous monism over coffee. But presumably it is not meant literally, and as a philosophy of religion as embodied discourse, Levy's discussion of Davidson's anomalous monism is certainly interesting. [Extracted from the article]

Cassam stresses the need for a detailed intellectual and emotional engagement with the ideology and narratives of extremists by giving them reasons, relative to their own extremist ideologies, to change their views (202). As Cassam notes (29), questions such as what extremism is, what is an extremist mindset, or what defines a common extremist style cannot be answered solely by armchair reflection. Extremism has been a constant presence and threat to the stability of the world in the last few decades. [Extracted from the article]