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The article reports on the findings of the study about the function of crystalline molecular flask conducted by a team of researchers Makoto Fujita and his colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Tokyo, Japan. The researchers discovered a solution to the difficulty in catching a glimpse of the three-dimensional structures of the molecules' chemical reactions. The researchers made the solution by trapping the reagents in crystalline molecular flasks.

In this paper, we present the structure and the dynamics of highly charged heavy ions studied through dielectronic recombination (DR) observations performed with the Tokyo electron beam ion trap. By measuring the energy dependence of the ion abundance ratio in the trap at equilibrium, we have observed DR processes for open shell systems very clearly. Remarkable relativistic effects due to the generalized Breit interaction have been clearly shown in DR for highly charged heavy ions. We also present the first result for the coincidence measurement of two photons emitted from a single DR event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, energy service providers (ESP) have increased due to deregulation in the power market. They install energy supply equipment at their own cost and supply the necessary energy to the client. The Tokyo Metropolitan Government started Asia's first cap-and-trade program in April 2010. This program caps energy-related carbon dioxide emissions from some 1,330 offices and factories in Tokyo. Then, ESPs have to manage the many risks of energy service project directly linked to the profits. In this paper, we describes the risk analysis and investment optimization for energy service projects using financial engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With limited land availability and increased awareness of environmental issues, Japan has had to construct many airports on reclaimed land in recent years. Such sites generally have a ground-water table than elsewhere, leading to frequent moisture-related damages in airport pavements. In response to this situation, a number of countermeasures to improve pavement design in terms of structure and materials were developed based on laboratory tests and a study of experimental pavements: properly reducing the design CBR of the subgrade, using asphalt-stabilized material for the base, and installing a drainage system around the pavement. These improvements were implemented in the construction of runway C at Tokyo Haneda International Airport. Through a 10-yearservice, the pavement was continuously monitored in terms of loading capacity and surface conditions (cracking, rutting, and roughness). The results were reported and analyzed in this paper, indicating that the above countermeasures effectively suppress moisture-induced damages and achieve a water-resistant airport pavement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a simple analytical model for determining the hierarchical system of road networks. The model is based on a grid road network where roads are classified into three types according to road widths and travel speeds. We derive the optimal ratios of road areas that minimize the average and maximum travel time. Minimizing the average travel time provides an efficient solution, whereas minimizing the maximum travel time provides an equitable solution. Both of the solutions are expressed in terms of road widths and travel speeds. As an application of the grid network model, we evaluate the hierarchical system of the road network of Tokyo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we describe an intelligent location-aware city guide system, which adapts to each user’s preferences, and uses an intuitive “metal detector” interface for navigation. Our system analyzes each user’s past location data history to estimate individual preferences, and allows users to find shops that match their tastes in the same way a metal detector would be used to detect metal objects. The procedure with which the system picks out shops that match each user’s preferences includes a newly developed place learning algorithm, which can efficiently find frequented places, complete with their proper names (e.g. “The Ueno Royal Museum”). We have conducted a series of evaluation tests at a popular shopping district inside Tokyo, and the results validate the effectiveness of our overall approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present a set of studies designed to explore Japanese young people’s practices around leisure outings (how they are discovered, planned, coordinated, and conducted), and the resources they use to support these practices. Tokyo youth have a wealth of leisure opportunities and tools to choose from; they are technologically savvy, and are in the vanguard of those for whom the new mobile Internet technologies are available. We characterize typical leisure outings described by our study participants, how they are structured, and the tools used to support them. We found that discovery of leisure options tends to occur serendipitously, often through personal recommendations from friends and family. For leisure research and planning, the Internet is the tool of choice, but accessed via PC, not the mobile phone (or “keitai”), which is primarily used to communicate and coordinate, not to search for information. These and related findings suggest some emerging issues and opportunities for the design of future leisure support technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a computational method for analyzing changes in polygon distributions. Unmovable polygons that change discontinuously without explicit functional linkage information are discussed. Six types of primitive events are used to describe the change: 1) generation, 2) disappearance, 3) expansion, 4) shrinkage, 5) union, and 6) division. The change of polygon distributions is decomposed into a combination of these events. A computational procedure for deducing a set of events from polygon distributions of two times is proposed. The method is applied to the analysis of the spatial competition between the major and small chains of convenience stores in Tokyo, Japan. Some empirical findings are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about several papers discussed at a conference on photovoltaics held from October 19-21, 2010 in Tokyo, Japan is presented. It describes the aim of the conference was to enable scientists, industrialists, and politicians to get an insight in the evolution of solar cells. The conference featured several researchers including Mayasa Yasui, Ryne Raffaelle, and Alan Heeger.

The article reports on the result of the investigation on the series of RNA studies from the laboratory of biochemist Kazunari Taira conducted by the University of Tokyo in Japan. The investigation claimed that there is a high possibility that fraud was involved in a series of studies and that the paper in question had no reproducibility and no credibility.

The authors reflect on the Computer Graphics International (CGI), a conference for researchers and professional practitioners to celebrate and share their novel achievements in computer graphics. They mention that CGI is the official conference of the Computer Graphics Society (CGS), wherein both started in Tokyo, Japan by professor T. L. Kunii from the University of Tokyo in 1983. They also talk about the selection and compilation of papers from the CGI2012 for the journal.

The article reports on the lack of national framework for investigating alleged scientific misconduct in researches in Japan. Researchers have been frustrated in their attempts to reproduce a set of RNA interference papers co-authored by Kazunari Taira, a biochemist at the University of Tokyo. There are no clear rules on the penalty if documentation, such as laboratory notebooks or other materials essential to supporting experimental results, is destroyed.

Introducers the papers presented at the International Conference on Optical Design and Fabrication at Waseda University in Tokyo, Japan in November 2000 and published in the July/August 2001 issue of 'Optical Review' journal.

Reports on a white paper released by Japan's Environment Agency calling for centralized district heating and cooling systems to reduce the heat from a man-induced climate in Tokyo.