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The construction of weak solutions to compressible Navier–Stokes equations via a numerical method (including a rigorous proof of the convergence) is in a short supply, and so far, available only for one sole numerical scheme suggested in Karper (Numer Math, 125(3):441–510, 2013) for the no slip boundary conditions and the isentropic pressure with adiabatic coefficient γ > 3 . Here we consider the same problem for the general non zero inflow–outflow boundary conditions, which is definitely more appropriate setting from the point of view of applications, but which is essentially more involved as far as the existence of weak solutions is concerned. There is a few recent proofs of existence of weak solutions in this setting, but none of them is performed via a numerical method. The goal of this paper is to fill this gap. The existence of weak solutions on the continuous level requires several tools of functional and harmonic analysis and differential geometry whose numerical counterparts are not known. Our main strategy therefore consists in rewriting of the numerical scheme in its variational form modulo remainders and to apply and/or to adapt to the new variational formulation the tools developed in the theoretical analysis. In addition to the result, which is new, the synergy between numerical and theoretical analysis is the main originality of the present paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we characterize random variables which are stable but not strictly stable in the sense of generalized convolution. We generalize the results obtained in Jarczyk and Misiewicz (J Theoret Probab 22:482-505, 2009), Misiewicz and Mazurkiewicz (J Theoret Probab 18:837-852, 2005), Oleszkiewicz (in Milman VD and Schechtman Lecture Notes in Math. 1807, Geometric Aspects of Functional Analysis (2003), Israel Seminar 2001–2002, Springer-Verlag, Berlin). The main problem was to find the solution of the following functional equation for symmetric generalized characteristic functions φ , ψ : ∀ a , b ≥ 0 ∃ c (a , b) ≥ 0 ∃ d (a , b) ≥ 0 ∀ t ≥ 0 φ (a t) φ (b t) = φ (c (a , b) t) ψ (d (a , b) t) , (A) where both functions c and d are continuous, symmetric, homogeneous but unknown. We give the solution of equation (A) assuming that for fixed ψ , c , d there exist at least two different solutions of (A). To solve (A) we also determine the functions that satisfy the equation (f (t (x + y)) - f (t x)) (f (x + y) - f (y)) = (f (t (x + y)) - f (t y)) (f (x + y) - f (x)) , (B) x , y , t > 0 , for a function f : (0 , ∞) → R . As an additional result we infer that each Lebesgue measurable or Baire measurable function f satisfying equation (B) is infinitely differentiable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Simmons (Arch Math Logic 43:65–83, 2004), I described a method of producing ordinal notations ‘from below’ (for countable ordinals up to the Howard ordinal) and compared that method with the current popular ‘from above’ method which uses a collapsing function from uncountable ordinals. This ‘from below’ method employs a slight generalization of the normal function—the fruitful functions—and what seems to be a new class of functions—the helpful functions—which exist at all levels of the function space hierarchy over ordinals. Unfortunately, I was rather sparing in my description of these classes of functions. In this paper I am much more generous. I describe the properties of the helpful functions on all finite levels and, in the final section, indicate how they can be used to simplify the generation of ordinal notations. The main aim of this paper is to fill in the details missing from [7]. The secondary aim is to indicate what can be done with helpful functions. Fuller details of this development will appear elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The present paper does not introduce a new approximation but it modifies a certain known method. This method for obtaining a periodic approximation of a periodic solution of a linear nonhomogeneous differential equation with periodic coefficients and periodic right-hand side is used in technical practice. However, the conditions ensuring the existence of a periodic solution may be violated and therefore the purpose of this paper is to modify the method in order that these conditions remain valid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider linear semi-infinite programming problems and the possibility of having no active constraint at a boundary point of the corresponding feasible set. This phenomenon causes serious troubles when one intends to construct the cone of feasible directions at this point. The main feature of our approach consists of exploiting the (sub)differential properties of the sup-function that allows replacing infinitely many constraints with a unique convex constraint. In the case where the set of active constraints is empty, this sup-function can present a quite abnormal behavior. To face this situation, two families of relaxed active constraint sets are introduced in the paper, and the relationship between them is studied in detail. Under the so-called strong Slater condition, we obtain two different formulas for the polar of the cone of feasible directions. They are derived through an extension of Valadier's formula for the subdifferential of a sup-function. Finally, a stability result is given for the most relevant mapping in our context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with a general model of financial flows and prices related to individual entities, called sectors, which invest in financial instruments as assets and as liabilities. In particular, using delicate tools of Functional Analysis, besides existence results of financial equilibrium, in the dual formulation, the Lagrange functions $$\rho _j^{*1}(t)$$ and $$\rho _j^{*2}(t)$$ , called 'deficit' and 'surplus' variables, appear and reveal to be very relevant in order to analyze the financial model and the possible insolvencies, which can lead to a financial contagion. In the paper the continuity of these Lagrange functions is proved. Finally, a procedure for the calculus of these variables is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a method of adaptive estimation for a class of probability density functions. This method is a continual analog of some known methods. Bibiligraphy: 10 titles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we continue studying the so-called non-linear best m-term one-sided approximation problems and obtain the asymptotic estimations of non-linear best m-term one-sided trigonometric approximation under the norm L p (1 ≤ p ≤ ∞) of multiplier function classes and the corresponding m-term Greedy-liked one-sided trigonometric approximation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an error bound of the Ritz method for the problem of minimizing the functional in the space $$ {\mathop W\limits^{\text{o}} }^{1}_{2} {\left( {0,1} \right)} $$ in the case where the standard assumption on the continuity of q(t) is replaced by the condition q2(t)t(1-t) ∈ L(0,1). In the case where q(t) is continuous, the new bound is sharper than the known one. Bibliography: 5 titles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temlyakov considered the optimal recovery on the classes of functions with bounded mixed derivative in the L p metrics and gave the upper estimates of the optimal recovery errors. In this paper, we determine the asymptotic orders of the optimal recovery in Sobolev spaces by standard information, i.e., function values, and give the nearly optimal algorithms which attain the asymptotic orders of the optimal recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an observer design strategy is presented for a class of nonlinear systems with structural uncertainty. The modern geometric approach is exploited to simplify the system structure. Then, based on the Lyapunov direct method, a robust observer is proposed using the system internal dynamics structure and the distribution of the uncertainty structure. The bound on the uncertainty, which is employed in the observer design, is allowed to be nonlinear and have a more general form. Simulation shows that the proposed approach is effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce the concept of positive proper efficient solutions to the generalized system in this paper. We show that, under some suitable conditions, the set of positive proper efficient solutions is dense in the set of efficient solutions to the generalized system. We discuss also the connectedness of the set of efficient solutions for the generalized system with monotone bifunctions in real locally convex Hausdorff topological vector spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As pointed out in [4] the paper [2], authored by G. Bennett, J. Boos and T. Leiger, contains a nontrivial gap in the argumentation of the proof of Theorem 5.2 which is one of main results of that paper and has been applied three times. Till now neither the gap is closed nor a counterexample has been stated. That is why the authors have examined in [4] the situation around the ‘gap’ aiming to a better understanding for the gap. The aim of this paper is to prove the mentioned applications of the theorem in doubt by using gliding hump arguments (quite similar to the classical proofs of the Theorems of Schur and Hahn in the first case (cf. [3]) and a very technical and artful construction, being of independent mathematical interest, in the second case). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract.  The goal of this paper is to generalize a theorem of Fujiwara (Deligne’s conjecture) to the situation appearing in a joint work [KV] with David Kazhdan on the global Langlands correspondence over function fields. Moreover, our proof is more elementary than the original one and stays in the realm of ordinary algebraic geometry, that is, does not use rigid geometry. We also give a proof of the Lefschetz–Verdier trace formula and of the additivity of filtered trace maps, thus making the paper essentially self-contained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we analyze the behavior of the solution of the dissipative Boussinesq systems where α, β, c > 0 are parameters. Those systems model two-dimensional small amplitude long wavelength water waves. For α ≤ 1, this equation is ill-posed and most initial conditions do not lead to solutions. Nevertheless, we show that, for almost every β, c and almost every α ≤ 1, it admits solutions that are quasiperiodic in time. The proof uses the fact that the equation leaves invariant a smooth center manifold and for the restriction of the Boussinesq system to the center manifold, uses arguments of classical perturbation theory by considering the Hamiltonian formulation of the problem and studying the Birkhoff normal form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, the spaces of weakly additive τ-smooth and Radon functionals are investigated. It is proved that the functors of weakly additive τ-smooth and Radon functionals weakly preserve the density of Tychonoff spaces, and the functor of weakly additive τ-smooth functionals forms a monad in the category of Tychonoff spaces and their continuous mappings. Examples and remarks are given showing that these functors fail to satisfy certain Shchepin normality conditions. Problems having positive solutions for normal functors are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we give the suffcient and necessary condition for the existence of any almost isometric operator from C(Ω) into C0(Ω0). As a corollary, we show that there is no ∈–isometry from any abstract M space with a strong unit into C0(Γ) if $$ 0 < \in < \frac{1} {9}. $$ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Letbe a unit sphere of thed-dimensional Euclidean space Rd and let(0 < p= 1) denote the real Hardy space onFor 0 < p= 1 andletEj(f,Hp) (j= 0, 1, ...) be the best approximation offby spherical polynomials of degree less than or equal toj, in the spaceGiven a distributionfonits Cesàro mean of order d>-1 is denoted byFor 0p. In this paper, the following result is proved:TheoremLet0N(f)˜BN(f)means that there’s a positive constant C, independent of N and f, such thatIn the cased= 2,this result was proved by Belinskii in 1996. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In the present paper the well-known Gdels Churchs argument concerning the undecidability of logic (of the first order functional calculus) is exhibited in a way which seems to be philosophically interestingfi The natural numbers are not used. (Neither Chinese Theorem nor other specifically mathematical tricks are applied.) Only elementary logic and very simple set-theoretical constructions are put into the proof. Instead of the arithmetization I use the theory of concatenation (formalized by Alfred Tarski). This theory proves to be an appropriate tool. The decidability is defined directly as the property of graphical discernibility of formulas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with a computational method for recovering induced magnetic fields due to the existence of surface or subsurface cracks. The inversion formula can be simply represented by an integral equation of the first kind. The problem is transformed into a well-posed difference equation using output least squares approach with a Tikhonov regularization. A fast computational algorithm is also proposed using discrete Fourier convolution techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A general method for solving the scattering of plane SH wave by a crack terminating at the interface of a bimaterial is presented. The crack can terminate at the interface in an arbitrary angle. In order to solve the proposed problem, the Green’s function for a point harmonic force applied at an arbitrary point of the bimaterial is established by the Fourier transformation method. Using the obtained Green’s function and the Betti-Rayleigh reciprocal theorem, the total scattered field of the crack is constructed. The total scattered field of the crack is divided into a regular part and a singular part. The hypersingular integral equation of the crack is obtained in terms of the regular and singular scattered field as well as the free wave field. The stress singularity order and singular stress at the terminating point are analyzed by the hypersingular integral equation and the singular scattered field of the crack. The dynamic stress intensity factor (DSIF) at the terminating point is defined in terms of the singular stresses at the terminating point. Numerical solution of the hypersingular integral equation gives the DSIFs at the crack tips. Comparison of our results with known results confirms the proposed method. Some numerical results and corresponding analysis are given in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let $$V=V(n,q)$$ denote the vector space of dimension n over the finite field with q elements. A subspace partition $$\mathcal {P}$$ of V is a collection of nontrivial subspaces of V such that each nonzero vector of V is in exactly one subspace of $$\mathcal {P}$$ . For any integer d, the d -supertail of $$\mathcal {P}$$ is the set of subspaces in $$\mathcal {P}$$ of dimension less than d, and it is denoted by ST. Let $$\sigma _q(n,t)$$ denote the minimum number of subspaces in any subspace partition of V in which the largest subspace has dimension t. It was shown by Heden et al. that $$|ST|\ge \sigma _q(d,t)$$ , where t is the largest dimension of a subspace in ST. In this paper, we show that if $$|ST|=\sigma _q(d,t)$$ , then the union of all the subspaces in ST constitutes a subspace under certain conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the recent literature, the connection between maximal monotone operators and the Fitzpatrick function is investigated. Subsequently, this relation has been extended to maximal monotone bifunctions and their Fitzpatrick transform. In this paper we generalize some of these results to maximal $$n$$ -cyclically monotone and maximal cyclically monotone bifunctions, by introducing and studying the Fitzpatrick transforms of order $$n$$ or infinite order for bifunctions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open discrete annular Q-mappings with respect to the p-modulus in ℝ, n ≥ 2, are considered in this paper. It is established that such mappings are finite Lipschitz for n − 1 < p < n if the integral mean value of the function Q( x) over all infinitesimal balls B( x, ɛ) is finite everywhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we will study the class of Hilbert algebras with supremum, i.e., Hilbert algebras where the associated order is a join-semilattice. First, we will give a simplified topological duality for Hilbert algebras using sober topological spaces with a basis of open-compact sets satisfying an additional condition. Next, we will extend this duality to Hilbert algebras with supremum. We shall prove that the ordered set of all ideals of a Hilbert algebra with supremum has a lattice structure. We will also see that in this lattice, it is possible to define an implication, but the resulting structure is neither a Heyting algebra nor an implicative semilattice. Finally, we will give a dual description of the lattice of ideals of a Hilbert algebra with supremum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider the functional differential equation with impulsive perturbationsCriteria on uniform asymptotic stability of sets are established for the above system using Lyapunov functions and the Razumikhin technique. Some examples are also discussed to illustrate the theorems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A graph is called symmetric if its automorphism group acts transitively on its arc set. In this paper, we classify all connected cubic symmetric graphs of order 16 p for each prime p. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consider the weight function sequences of NA random variables. This paper proves that the almost sure central limit theorem holds for the weight function sequences of NA random variables. Our results generalize and improve those on the almost sure central limit theorem previously obtained from the i.i.d. case to NA sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study how the shelling components behave under the pyramid and prism operations. As a consequence we obtain a concise recursion for the cubical shelling contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let I ⊂ ℝ be an interval and κ, λ ∈ ℝ / {0, 1}, µ, ν ∈ (0, 1). We find all pairs ( φ, ψ) of continuous and strictly monotonic functions mapping I into ℝ and satisfying the functional equation which generalizes the Matkowski-Sutô equation. The paper completes a research stemming in the theory of invariant means. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we use the T1 theorem to prove a new characterization with minimum regularity and cancellation conditions for inhomogeneous Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces over spaces of homogeneous type. These results are new even for ℝ n. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simon [12] proved that the maximal operator of ( C, α)-means of Fourier series with respect to the Walsh-Kaczmarz system is bounded from the martingale Hardy space H p to the space L p for p > 1/(1 + α). In this paper we prove that this boundedness result does not hold if p ≦ 1/(1 + α). However, in the endpoint case p = 1/(1 + α) the maximal operator σ is bounded from the martingale Hardy space H1/(1+ α) to the space weak- L1/(1+ α). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the nonlocal ∞-Laplacian type diffusion equation obtained as the limit as p → ∞ to the nonlocal analogous to the p-Laplacian evolution, We prove exist ence and uniqueness of a limit solution that verifies an equation governed by the subdifferential of a convex energy functional associated to the indicator function of the set $${K = \{ u \in L^2(\mathbb{R}^N) \, : \, | u(x) - u(y)| \le 1, \mbox{ when } x-y \in {\rm supp} (J)\}}$$ . We also find some explicit examples of solutions to the limit equation. If the kernel J is rescaled in an appropriate way, we show that the solutions to the corresponding nonlocal problems converge strongly in L∞(0, T; L2 ( Ω)) to the limit solution of the local evolutions of the p-Laplacian, v t = Δ p v. This last limit problem has been proposed as a model to describe the formation of a sandpile. Moreover, we also analyze the collapse of the initial condition when it does not belong to K by means of a suitable rescale of the solution that describes the initial layer that appears for p large. Finally, we give an interpretation of the limit problem in terms of Monge–Kantorovich mass transport theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we characterize commuting dual Toeplitz operators with harmonic symbols on the orthogonal complement of the Dirichlet space in the Sobolev space. We also obtain the sufficient and necessary conditions for the product of two dual Toeplitz operators with harmonic symbols to be a finite rank perturbation of a dual Toeplitz operator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we characterize the boundedness and compactness of weighted composition operators of H∞ into α-Bloch spaces on the unit ball in ℂ n. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper brings together two fundamental topics: polyhedral projection and parametric linear programming. First, it is shown that, given a parametric linear program (PLP), a polyhedron exists whose projection provides the solution to the PLP. Second, the converse is tackled and it is shown how to formulate a PLP whose solution is the projection of an appropriately defined polyhedron described as the intersection of a finite number of halfspaces. The input to one operation can be converted to an input of the other operation and the resulting output can be converted back to the desired form in polynomial time-this implies that algorithms for computing projections or methods for solving parametric linear programs can be applied to either problem class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a new robust model predictive control (MPC) method for time-varying uncertain systems with input constraints. We formulate the problem as a minimization of the worst-case finite-horizon cost function subject to a new sufficient condition for cost monotonicity. The proposed MPC technique uses relaxation matrices to derive a less conservative terminal inequality condition. The relaxation matrices improve feasibility and system performance. The optimization problem is solved by semidefinite programming involving linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A numerical example shows the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]