7 results
Search Results
2. Gender differences in the impact of mental disorders and chronic physical conditions on health-related quality of life among non-demented primary care elderly patients.
- Author
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Baladón, Luisa, Rubio-Valera, Maria, Serrano-Blanco, Antoni, Palao, Diego, Fernández, Ana, Baladón, Luisa, Palao, Diego J, and Fernández, Ana
- Subjects
MENTAL illness treatment ,SEX differences (Biology) ,CHRONIC diseases ,QUALITY of life ,PRIMARY care ,MEDICAL care for older people ,CHRONIC diseases & psychology ,MENTAL health ,AFFECTIVE disorders ,COMPARATIVE studies ,MENTAL depression ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,PHYSICAL diagnosis ,PEOPLE with disabilities ,PRIMARY health care ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH ,SEX distribution ,COMORBIDITY ,EVALUATION research ,CROSS-sectional method ,ANXIETY disorders ,PSYCHOLOGICAL factors ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to estimate the comorbidity of mental disorders and chronic physical conditions and to describe the impact of these conditions on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a sample of older primary care (PC) attendees by gender.Methods: Cross-sectional survey, conducted in 77 PC centres in Catalonia (Spain) on 1192 patients over 65 years old. Using face-to-face interviews, we assessed HRQoL (SF-12), mental disorders (SCID and MINI structured clinical interviews), chronic physical conditions (checklist), and disability (Sheehan disability scale). We used multivariate quantile regressions to model which factors were associated with the physical component summary-short form 12 and mental component summary-short form 12.Result: The most frequent comorbidity in both men and women was mood disorder with chronic pain and arthrosis. Mental disorders mainly affected 'mental' QoL, while physical disorders affected 'physical' QoL. Mental disorders had a greater impact on HRQoL than chronic physical conditions, with mood and adjustment disorders being the most disabling conditions. There were some gender differences in the impact of mental and chronic physical conditions on HRQoL. Anxiety disorders and pain had an impact on HRQoL but only in women. Respiratory diseases had an effect on the MCS in women, but only affected the PCS in men.Conclusions: Mood and adjustment disorders had the greatest impact on HRQoL. The impact profile of mental and chronic physical conditions differs between genders. Our results reinforce the need for screening for mental disorders (mainly depression) in older patients in PC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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3. Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Sarcopenia and Quality of Life, a Quality of Life Questionnaire Specific for Sarcopenia.
- Author
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Fábrega-Cuadros, Raquel, Martínez-Amat, Antonio, Cruz-Díaz, David, Aibar-Almazán, Agustín, and Hita-Contreras, Fidel
- Subjects
SARCOPENIA ,QUALITY of life ,KEGEL exercises ,CRONBACH'S alpha ,BIOELECTRIC impedance ,STATISTICAL reliability ,RESEARCH ,CROSS-sectional method ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,EVALUATION research ,HEALTH surveys ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,COMPARATIVE studies ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,RESEARCH funding ,QUESTIONNAIRES - Abstract
The Sarcopenia and Quality of Life questionnaire (SarQol®) is a self-administered multidimensional sarcopenia-specific tool designed for community-dwelling subjects aged 65 years and older. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the SarQoL®. A total of 252 participants aged ≥ 65 years voluntarily participated in this cross-sectional study. Handgrip strength and bioelectrical impedance analysis were used for sarcopenia screening. Discriminative power, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and floor and ceiling effects were analyzed. The generic 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the European Quality of Life 5-Dimension-3 Level (EQ-5D-3L), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were also used for convergent and divergent validity. Significant differences between sarcopenic (n = 66) and non-sarcopenic participants were observed for SarQoL® total score (p = 0.008) and for all domains except D2-locomotion. A high internal consistency of SarQoL® total score (Cronbach's alpha = 0.904) was found, and significant domain-to-total score correlations were obtained (all p < .001). Test-retest data showed excellent reliability for SarQoL® total score (ICC = 0.99; 95%CI 0.98-0.99) and in all dimensions, except for D6-leisure and D7-fears activities (substantial). No floor and ceiling effects were observed for SarQoL® total score. SarQoL® total score showed good and acceptable correlations(p < 0.001) with the selected domains of the SF-36 and EQ-5D-3L which have similar dimensions (convergent validity). Low and non-significant correlations existed with anxiety, depression, and EQ-5D-3L self-care and pain/discomfort domains (divergent validity). The Spanish SarQoL® shows satisfactory general psychometric properties in Spanish-speaking older adults from Spain and is able to discriminate between older adults with and without sarcopenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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4. Disease Burden of Mild Asthma: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Real-World Survey.
- Author
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Ding, Bo and Small, Mark
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ADRENOCORTICAL hormones ,HORMONE therapy ,DRUG therapy for asthma ,BRONCHODILATOR agents ,ASTHMA ,COMPARATIVE studies ,ECONOMIC aspects of diseases ,LONGITUDINAL method ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH ,EVALUATION research ,CROSS-sectional method ,ECONOMICS ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Introduction: Most asthma patients have mild disease, although the burden of mild asthma is not well understood nor studied. Some evidence suggests that many patients with mild asthma experience suboptimal symptom control and exacerbations. This study characterizes the burden of illness and treatment patterns among patients with a confirmed diagnosis of mild asthma, defined as GINA Step 1 or Step 2, and residing in China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, the United Kingdom, or the United States.Methods: The Respiratory Disease-Specific Programme prospective cross-sectional survey was conducted with primary care and specialty physicians in each of the eight countries. Physician and patient surveys assessed demographic and clinical characteristics, frequency and timing of asthma symptoms, exacerbations, and rescue inhaler usage, the most recent FEV1% predicted, and healthcare utilization. GINA Step was determined by prescribed treatment regimen. GINA Step 1 patients were prescribed as-needed reliever medication and Step 2 required treatment with a low-dose inhaled corticosteroid, leukotriene receptor antagonist, or theophylline. Treatment adherence was assessed with the Morisky Medication Adherence scale, disease control with the Asthma Control Test, and work and activity impairments with the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment scale.Results: The sample included 1115 GINA Step 1 and 2 patients, with 53% classified as Step 2. Overall asthma control was suboptimal, with reports of nocturnal symptoms (40.6%), symptom worsening (10.5%), and rescue inhaler usage in the last 4 weeks (33.6%). 25% of patients were uncontrolled. The overall mean number of exacerbations in the last 12 months was 0.4, with a higher frequency of exacerbations in Step 2 patients who also experienced more exacerbations requiring treatment intensification, an emergency department visit, or hospitalization.Conclusion: Mild asthma imposes a substantial burden on patients, establishing the need for comprehensive management plans and ongoing support for treatment adherence.Funding: AstraZeneca. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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5. Parental Psychopathology Levels as a Moderator of Temperament and Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms in Preschoolers.
- Author
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Antúnez, Zayra, Osa, Nuria, Granero, Roser, and Ezpeleta, Lourdes
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OPPOSITIONAL defiant disorder in children ,AGGRESSION (Psychology) ,ANXIETY ,BEHAVIOR disorders in children ,MENTAL depression ,FATHERS ,INTERVIEWING ,LONGITUDINAL method ,RESEARCH methodology ,MENTAL illness ,MOTHERS ,PSYCHOLOGY of parents ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,REGRESSION analysis ,RESEARCH funding ,TEMPERAMENT ,CROSS-sectional method ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is among the most prevalent disorders in preschoolers. It has been linked to temperament, since characteristics such as elevated surgency and negative affect, as well as low levels of effortful control, contribute to the development of this disorder. Evidence also indicates that parental psychopathology can accentuate temperamental traits. Our aim was to assess whether the levels of psychopathology of mothers and fathers acts as a moderator of the relationship between temperament and ODD symptoms in preschoolers, both cross-sectionally at ages 3, 4 and 5, and longitudinally between ages 3 and 5. The sample included 550 children evaluated at ages 3, 4 and 5 through questionnaires and a semi-structured diagnostic interview with parents. Parents also answered a questionnaire about their own psychopathology. The results indicated that negative affect and effortful control are associated with higher levels of ODD symptoms in preschoolers. At child age 5, higher levels of paternal depression and anxiety increased the effect of low effortful control on ODD. High levels of negative affect and low levels of effortful control at age 3 were statistical predictors of ODD levels at age 5, and this relationship was also moderated by paternal anxiety and depression. The results have important clinical implications for the proper orientation of interventions, suggesting that interventions should integrate the paternal caregiver in the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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6. Health Status Sensed by the Adult Latin American Immigrant Population in the City of Seville, Spain.
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González-López, J., Rodríguez-Gázquez, M., and Lomas-Campos, M.
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IMMIGRANTS ,CHI-squared test ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,HEALTH status indicators ,RESEARCH methodology ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,SELF-evaluation ,STATISTICS ,T-test (Statistics) ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,DATA analysis ,CROSS-sectional method ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
The immigrant population in Seville has grown over the last 10 years, most of which are Latin Americans. Our aim was to describe the health status perceived in this emerging population. In 2011, a cross-sectional study was performed on a representative sample of 190 Latin American immigrants between the ages of 25 and 44 years residing in Seville (Spain). The self-sensed health status was 18 % excellent, 28 % very good, 42 % good, 11 % regular, and 1 % poor. The average number of days of satisfactory health status during the last month was 22. Statistically significant differences were found: (a) higher satisfactory perception of health in men than in women (30 vs. 9 %) and (b) higher average number of days with excellent health in people with satisfactory perception than those with an unsatisfactory perception of their health status (23 and 15, respectively). Logistic regression, educational level, number of days of good health, and doing physical exercise were the variables that best explained the satisfactory perception of health status. Most people studied have a positive self-assessment of their health status, especially men, who engage in physical activity and those who have 3 and more weeks of good health per month. Our results permit us to support, to a large extent, the theory of the 'healthy immigrant'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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7. Adherence and factors associated with influenza vaccination among subjects with asthma in Spain.
- Author
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Santos-Sancho, J., López-De Andrés, A., Jimenez-Trujillo, I., Hernández-Barrera, V., Carrasco-Garrido, P., Astasio-Arbiza, P., and Jimenez-Garcia, R.
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INFLUENZA vaccines ,ASTHMA ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,STATISTICAL correlation ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research ,IMMUNIZATION ,RESEARCH methodology ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,PATIENT compliance ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,DATA analysis ,CROSS-sectional method ,SEASONAL influenza ,DATA analysis software ,DISEASE complications ,VACCINATION ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Purpose: Influenza has a high morbidity and mortality rate and an increased risk of complications in vulnerable individuals. Children and adults with asthma have a high risk of complications, hospitalisation and even death. The objectives of this study were as follows: to compare influenza vaccination coverage in Spain in a population of asthmatics aged ≥16 years with an equivalent population of non-asthmatics; to identify the factors that influence vaccination coverage among patients with asthma; and to compare coverage during the period 2006/2007 with that of 2009/2010. Methods: We used data from the 2009 European Health Survey (EHS), which included a population of 22,188 individuals (≥16 years of age), of whom 1,669 [7.5 %; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 7.13-7.98] had asthma. The dependent variable was the answer (yes/no) to a question asking whether or not the interviewed person had been vaccinated against seasonal (not pandemic) influenza in the previous season. As independent variables, we analysed socio-demographic characteristics, health-related variables and the use of health care services. Results: Vaccination coverage was 35.2 % (95 % CI, 32.5-37.9) among asthmatics and 22.1 % (95 % CI, 21.4-22.7) among non-asthmatics ( p < 0.001). The probability of being vaccinated is almost twice as high for asthmatics as it is for non-asthmatics [odds ratio (OR), 1.92; 95 % CI, 1.69-2.17]. Among asthmatics, vaccination coverage increased with age, worse self-rated health status and not smoking. No significant change in coverage was observed between the study periods. Conclusions: Seasonal influenza vaccination coverage among Spanish asthmatics is lower than desired and has not improved in recent years. Urgent strategies are necessary in order to increase vaccination coverage among asthmatics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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