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The paper deals with the price transmission within the milk commodity chain in the Czech Republic. The aim of the paper is to assess the price transmission within the commodity vertical of the semi-skimmed long-life cow's milk (1.5% fat) as a product with low added value, and of butter as a higher added value product. The dataset consists of monthly prices on the sub-markets of the analysed commodity chain with the period of January 2002 to August 2020 that were retrieved from the Czech Statistical Office and the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic. Methodologically, the analysis is based on the elasticity of price transmission (EPT) coefficients used in both supply and demand direction, on the correlation of price differences, and on the evaluation of the time-lag changes in output prices in case of changes in input prices. The results show imperfections in the transmission of price changes between individual levels of the commodity chain. Time delays of price transmission are not obvious in the case of these commodities due to the perishability of these products. Finally, several suggestions for further research are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Population health and food safety is one of the main priorities of the agro-industrial complex and the economic policies of governments. This is also reflected in the health safety of the meat in the event of infectious diseases. Food safety policy is linked to public spending by the state, which also takes responsibility for the health of the population. This paper deals with the analysis of the economic impacts of the Mad cow disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy - BSE) occurrence in Czech Republic, namely the financial compensations to the farmers whose herds had been affected and the costs of animal killing and carcass disposal in the rendering plant. The data were obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture of Czech Republic, the State Veterinary Administration and the Czech Statistical Office. Original scientific research reflects the period from the first occurrence of the disease to the end of 2019. Between February, 2001 and the end of 2019, a total of 1 977 881 cows were examined and 30 cases of the BSE were detected. Consequently, 4243 cows in cohorts were killed and their carcasses were safely disposed of. The total of the compensations in this period reached EUR 8 013 000. Of these, 80.6% (EUR 6 458 000) were compensations for the value of the killed animals, 12.7% (EUR 1 020 000) for the related costs, i.e., killing, safe disposal of carcasses and the examination for the BSE, and 6.7% (EUR 535 000) for the losses due to non-materialised production. The costs associated with the payment of compensations are therefore significantly lower than if the real effects of the disease on the health of the population were affected. The fact that in the last 10 years the disease has not occurred in the Czech Republic corresponds to the improving situation in EU countries, so the Czech Republic has been recognised as BSE negligible risk country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the main factors influencing agricultural land rent and its development. We use our own sample survey data of agricultural farms complemented by the data from other sources. The sample contains 48 identical farms between 2011 - 2015 from the whole territory of the Czech Republic. The data were analysed with the mixed effect model. We investigated the influence of both agricultural and non-agricultural factors. Of the observed factors explaining the growth in land rent, the most important factor is time. Other significant agricultural factors are land share in the LFA, the area of utilised agricultural land, production orientation on crop production, livestock density and the share of rented land. Population density is the only significant non-agricultural factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the article is to evaluate economic aspects of commodity verticals of pork market, including pigs for slaughter and pork meat taking into account input prices in the Czech Republic. In the Czech Republic, pig breeding and pork production had a traditional and significant position, which has been hampered by foreign competition in recent years. Czech producers can hardly compete with large enterprises from Germany or the Netherlands with modern infrastructure, concentrated production and are thus able to benefit from the economies of scale. Lower competitiveness of the Czech Republic in the production of pork reflects also in its high focus on imports. A result of several years of decline in the total number of pigs is high non-self-sufficiency of the Czech Republic in the production of pork and a high focus on imports. This is also evident from the calculated models of development trends in pork production in the Czech Republic. Correlations of pig breeding and other indicators were determined on the basis of selected indicators and create a basis for further analyses. A multidimensional regression analysis was performed using the backward stepwise regression method to evaluate pork production and selected economic indicators in the Czech Republic and confirmed an assumption that input prices have a significant impact on pork production in the Czech Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]