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Purpose - This paper aims to counter the view that Marshall was an opponent of the historical school. This false account has survived and prospered because it has fitted into more general conceptions of intellectual history, held by both orthodox and heterodox economists. Design/methodology/approach - Marshall's affinity with the historical school is established by examining his writings and his relationship with historical school sympathisers in the UK. Findings - It is established that Marshall regarded his work as building on historical school insights, and he repeatedly referred positively to the ideas of the German historical school. It is argued in this paper that Marshall's opposition to the historical school was confined to its anti-theoretical wing, principally Cunningham. In other important respects Marshall's position was compatible with German and British historicism. Originality/value - In preceding literature, Marshall's affinities with the historical school have been denied, unacknowledged, or unexplored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]