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Introduction: Previous analysis of registered clinical trials has found a number of protocols result in changes in the registered primary outcome measures. This investigation determined if reported primary outcomes in chiropractic-related clinical trials registered in clinicaltrials.gov match their published results. Additionally, we assessed secondary outcomes, publication status and whether raw data were posted to the registry. Methods: Clinicaltrials.gov was searched for chiropractic-related trials and having a completed status. If the study was published, outcome measures were compared between the clinicaltrials.gov entry and the published paper to assess for consistency. Results: Within clinicaltrials.gov 171 chiropracticrelated protocols were identified with 102 of those published (59.6% publication rate). Ninety-two of the published papers (90.2%) had agreement between their primary outcome and the entry on clinicaltrials.gov and 82 (80.4%) agreed with the secondary outcomes. Conclusion: A modest rate of agreement between clinicaltrails.gov entries and the published papers was found. While chiropractic-related clinical trials are fewer compared to medical trials, chiropractic-related research has a substantially better rate of primary and secondary outcome concordance with registered protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The objective of this study was to survey 2018-2019 Year III students at the Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College in order explore their perceptions of the components of the revised Jurisprudence, Ethics and Business Management course. Methods: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Board. A paper survey was distributed to all enrolled students. Using a five-point Likert scale, students were asked if they perceived the course material was (i) well-presented and (ii) important for them to know as future chiropractors. Students were required to sign a consent form to participate. Results: Survey response rate was 94%. Over 90% of respondents 'strongly agreed/'agreed' lectures, small group session and course assignments were well presented and important for them to know as future chiropractors. Respondents were more critical of the online business modules (on average, 50% 'strongly agreed/agreed'). Conclusions: The information from this survey will enable refinement of future versions of this course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate student perceptions of chiropractic cultural authority, role in healthcare and use of terms at two chiropractic institutions, the Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (CMCC) and Parker University (Parker). Methods: A unique survey was developed and administered electronically to Year 2-3 students (n=387) at CMCC and as a paper-based surveys to trimester 4-5 (comparison with Year 2) and 6-7 (comparison with Year 3) (n=277) students at Parker. Responses were anonymous. The survey assessed the likelihood that students at both chiropractic programs would use eight different chiropractic terms. The survey also assessed their preference toward different options with respect to chiropractic's cultural authority. Results: Response rates were 36.2% and 78.1% at CMCC and Parker, respectively. Students at both institutions reported that chiropractic cultural authority was 'neuromusculoskeletal' (NMSK); however, CMCC students was more favorable toward 'musculoskeletal' (MSK) care compared to Parker students, whereas students at Parker favored 'wellness' (59.7%) compared to CMCC students (46.4%). Students at CMCC were more likely to use 'impingement' and 'joint dysfunction' whereas Parker students were more likely to use 'innate intelligence' and 'vertebral subluxation'. Both institutions were equally likely to use 'spinal lesion'. Conclusion: This survey found significant cultural authority differences between institutions. While this adds to the emerging need in the literature to evaluate the impact of curriculum and co-curriculum within chiropractic training programs on professional identity, explanations were not evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this pilot study is to determine the effects of whole body vibration on head repositioning accuracy. Methods: Twenty-one participants had a bicycle helmet with an attached laser pointer placed on their heads while standing on a vibration platform. After aligning the laser beam to their determined neutral position on wall-mounted chart paper, they were instructed to close their eyes, flex their neck maximally then return to their perceived neutral position. The point where the laser beam stopped as close to the neutral position as possible was marked on the chart and the sequence was repeated for extension, left and right rotation and left and right lateral flexion. The vibration platform was then activated and the process was repeated for the same six neck movements. Results: T-tests showed significant differences (p < 0.01) for head repositioning errors between normal and vibration data for all neck movements (in mm), except flexion, with vibration trials exhibiting greater re-positioning errors. Data tabulated from the four Cartesian quadrants demonstrated a preponderance of overshoot re-positioning errors in which the laser stopped in individual Cartesian quadrants for each movement and each subject. Conclusions: Whole body vibration contributes to greater head repositioning errors in young, healthy, asymptomatic individuals. Larger scale trials should establish a normal data base for head re-positioning with vibration. Future studies might investigate the relationship between whole body vibration on neck proprioception as an indicator of therapeutic efficacy in neck disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this paper is to review existing literature surrounding the utility of the King-Devick test which is a commonly used sideline assessment tool for sport-related concussions. Methods: A review of the literature was performed using MEDLINE, CINHAL, and SportDiscus databases. The search was performed from the beginning of the record through November 16th, 2015. Results: This search strategy yielded 27 articles from aforementioned databases. Further searching in The Cochrane Library with King-Devick AND Concuss* search terms yielded one additional article, summing a total of 28 articles. After removal of duplicates and implementation of the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 8 articles for extensively reviewed. Conclusion: This narrative review suggests that the King-Devick test is an efficient sideline assessment tool for sport-related concussions. However, we recommend that the King-Devick should be used as a sideline screening tool, not a concussion diagnosis tool at this time. A proper baseline time including multiple tests may be recommended to negate the learning affect and to have a reliable baseline in which to measure from for future reference. A three second difference appears appropriate to identify the possibility of concussion and to remove an athlete from play. At this time, the athlete should be monitored and further evaluated as symptoms are sometimes delayed. We suggest that further research may be useful to better determine the efficacy of the K-D test in detecting concussions across a broader range of athletes and sports. We also suggest further research may investigate the K-D test a potential return-to-play tool for clinicians and medical personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Practice based research networks (PBRNs) are increasingly used as a tool for evidence based practice. We developed and tested the feasibility of using software to enable online collection of patient data within a chiropractic PBRN to support clinical decision making and research in participating clinics. Purpose: To assess the feasibility of using online software to collect quality patient information. Methods: The study consisted of two phases: 1) Assessment of the quality of information provided, using a standardized form; and 2) Exploration of patients' perspectives and experiences regarding online information provision through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was descriptive. Results: Forty-five new patients were recruited. Thirty-six completed online forms, which were submitted by an appropriate person 100% of the time, with an error rate of less than 1%, and submitted in a timely manner 83% of the time. Twenty-one participants were interviewed. Overall, online forms were preferred given perceived security, ease of use, and enabling provision of more accurate information. Conclusions: Use of online software is feasible, provides high quality information, and is preferred by most participants. A pen-and-paper format should be available for patients with this preference and in case of technical difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine which diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of the spine are most commonly utilized by chiropractors practicing in Ontario, based on a list of currently taught procedures at CMCC. In Part 1 of this study (published previously), the demographics and practice patterns of the respondents were presented. Part 2 of this study (presented here) reports on the utilization rates of spinal diagnostic and therapeutic procedures by the respondents. Methods: The study consisted of a paper-based survey that was sent to 500 randomly selected Ontario chiropractors who responded confidentially. Survey questions inquired into demographic and practice style characteristics as well as the frequency with which spinal diagnostic and therapeutic procedures were performed. Results: There were 108 respondents to the survey, giving a response rate of 22.4%. Frequency of use of diagnostic procedures fell into three broad categories: (i) those tests that are almost always performed, (ii) those tests that are almost always performed by two-thirds to one-half of patients, and (iii) those tests that are virtually never used. By comparison, respondents utilized the same therapeutic procedures for patients care less consistently. Conclusions: Despite a low response rate, respondents reported mostly relying on static and motion palpation, joint play, neurological tests, and ranges of motion when assessing their patients. Due to a low response rate, the results of this study may not be generalizable to all Ontario chiropractors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Students learn a plethora of physical examination and manual therapy procedures over the course of their chiropractic education. However, it is uncertain to what extent they continue to use these procedures in practice after graduation. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine which diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of the spine are most commonly utilized by chiropractors practicing in Ontario. In Part 1 of this study (presented here), the demographics and practice patterns of the respondents are presented. Part 2 of this study will present the results of the utilization rates of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures used by respondents. Methods: The study consisted of a paper-based survey that was sent to 500 pseudo-randomly selected Ontario chiropractors who responded confidentially. Survey questions inquired into demographic and practice style characteristics. Results: There were 108 respondents to the survey, giving a response rate of 22.4%. Many chiropractors self-identified themselves with more than one practice style characteristic such as 72.4% of the self-described pain-based chiropractors who also described themselves as evidence-based, compared with 51.9% of subluxation-based chiropractors who also described themselves as evidence-based. Diversified technique was the most commonly employed technique used by 90.7% of respondents, followed by trigger point therapy indicated by 57.4% of respondents. Conclusions: Despite a low response rate, respondents reported practice characteristics in this study that were similar to practice characteristics previously published, particularly in terms of professional demographics and techniques employed. While Diversified was the most commonly used technique, respondents reported higher levels of use of proprietary soft tissue techniques systems and upper cervical techniques than have been previously reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]