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Globalization is a phenomenon of the postmodern era which accommodates the shrinking of the world into a small functional community. As a result of this, geographical distance and socio-cultural divergence are no longer constraints to aggregating the entire human race into one global family. The term is used to describe transnational relationships, engagements, cooperation and the sharing of human, material and ideological resources across regions. Discourse on the subject has become so relevant across previously unrelated fields that their definitions have now converged on a consensus theoretical concept understood as “universal homogeneity.” The primary material, Helon Habila’s novel, Measuring Time is studied in the context of globalization and hybridity of cultures. The paper asserts that no human community should be isolated from the dynamic engagements of the wider society. This paper avers that globalization should not be advanced as an imposition of foreign cultural values; rather it should be seen as a practice that reflects mutually beneficial contact amongst people of divergent cultures. In the current dispensation, the cultural consumption and uncritical assimilation of Western values by African colonized people do not reflect the underlying objective of Globalization. This paper projected the need for a revision of the concept and to promote a symbiosis of unions where ideological, material and human capital flow across cultures in such a manner that all the actors in the ‘shrinking’ borderless world are mutual beneficiaries.Key words: Globalisation, African, Culture, Hybridity, Post-Colonialism

Due to rise in the price of fossil fuels and technical advances in the area of renewable energy, integrated systems became more popular now a day. However uncertain nature of wind, solar irradiation due to weather and climate change, integration of renewable power generation system complicates the ELD formulation. The paper presents optimum scheduling of integrated solarwind- thermal system using backtracking search algorithm (BSA). BSA is a novel population based stochastic search optimization technique, having simple structure and only one control parameter as population size. BSA has two new types of operator’s as crossover and mutation for exploration and exploitation of search space of problem desired to be optimized and also satisfies all associated constraints of the objective function.Keywords: BSA, Photovoltaic cell, Valve point loading effect, Probability density function.

Chemical reaction plays an important role in MHD flow. It has industrial applications, such as design of chemical processing equipments, food processing and cooling towers etc. In the present paper, chemical reaction effect on a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid with unsteady MHD flow past an impulsively started oscillating vertical plate with variable mass diffusion and constant wall temperature is studied. The solution of the model is obtained by Laplace transform method. The effect of parameters is shown with the help of graphs. The skin-friction and Sherwood number have been tabulated. It has been observed that chemical reaction has decreasing effect on fluid velocity. Our study gets motivation from the study of Narayanan et al. (2016), which has similar findings on chemical reaction with a slightly different fluid model.Keywords: Chemical reaction, MHD, Hall current, Skin friction, and Sherwood number.

This paper deals with a design of optimal parameters of PI regulator in voltage control loop. The design aims to minimize voltampere (VA) loading of synchronous reference frame (SRF) based multi converter-DVR in parallel feeder distribution systems. To improve the power quality by using power conditioner with multi converters in each feeder distribution system under different load considerations, a dynamic model of synchronous-reference- frame (SRF) has been adopted. It is desirable to have optimization of PI components and generate the reference compensate voltages for series active filters (SAF) of MC-DVR. Therefore, series active filters help to inject optimal voltages at optimal angle in such a way that a minimum VA loading of MCDVR is possible. The optimal value PI components and optimal series injected angle of series active power filters are computed using particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique and the results are verified with genetic algorithm (GA). The simulation results show that the proposed PSO technique causes minimum error and minimum VA loading angle by optimally choosing parameters of PI and minimum VA angle as compared to GA technique.Keywords: Active power filter (APF), synchronous reference frame (SRF), Genetic algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and multi converter dynamic voltage restorer (MC-DVR).

Helical channels are widely applied in different application areas. In a converging diverging nozzle, helical channels are mainly used for cooling of its wall. The characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer inside helical duct for a converging diverging nozzle is not commonly dealt in present literatures. In this paper CFD simulations are carried out for a helical rectangular duct of a converging diverging nozzle. In the present study the nozzle is oriented horizontally as a counter flow heat exchanger and analysis is done on ten helical ducts by changing the flow rates of four different fluids like water, ethanol, kerosene and Nano fluid. The fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics for the above fluids are studied along with the correlations for the prediction of Nusselt number for each fluid.Keywords: fluid flow, heat transfer, helical duct, Nusselt number, Dean number