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2. Immigrant Minority Languages and Multilingual Education in Europe: A Literature Review
- Author
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Elizabeth Pérez-Izaguirre, Gorka Roman, and María Orcasitas-Vicandi
- Abstract
Immigrant minority (IM) languages have a significant presence in certain European regions. Nonetheless, these languages are not usually included in the school curriculum. This paper aims to analyse the studies published between 2010 and 2020 considering IM languages in multilingual European education contexts. The method included a search of academic papers published in the databases ERIC, Web of Science and Scopus, which yielded 42 studies. The studies were analysed by considering: (1) the demographic characteristics of the countries where the studies were conducted, (2) the sociolinguistic or psycholinguistic focus of the papers in relation to the European country, and (3) the characteristics of the bi-multilingual education programme including IM languages. The results indicate that: (1) the demographic characteristics of the country are not strictly related to the number of studies published, (2) most studies have a sociolinguistic approach even though many studies analyse both sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic factors, and (3) only seven multilingual education programmes including IM languages were described in these papers. We conclude that there is a lack of research focusing on IM languages in educational settings and discuss how addressing these gaps could create opportunities for building equitable multilingual communities in Europe.
- Published
- 2024
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3. Bachelor's and Master's Degrees: One and the Same Thing? A Case Study of Implementing the Degree System in Romania
- Author
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Torotcoi, Simona
- Abstract
The adoption of a system based on cycles has been one of the core action lines in the Bologna Process. It represents the base for promoting student mobility, employability, and international competitiveness. The implementation of the degree-cycle system -- conditioned by the achievement of other policy objectives (i.e. ECTS) -- started hot debates on multiple levels including on the relevance of different study stages, or the extent to which the curricular emphasis would differ between the two levels. After almost two decades since the reform has been introduced, rather than looking at the state of implementation, current research should focus on how the reform has been implemented and what are its effects. By using the Romanian case as an illustration of the situation in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), this paper aims to answer the following questions: to what extent have the intentions and expectations linked to the introduction of a tiered structure of degrees have been fulfilled and what are some the (unintended) effects of such reforms? Based on a series of interviews done in November 2017 with academic staff, student representatives and decision-makers from Romania, this paper presents an analysis of the deliberate intentions and expectations of the introduction of the degree structure. The conclusions show that issues related to (1) financing; (2) quality (3) access and participation; (4) content and curricula (5) career path and opportunities after graduation are the main implications of the implementation of the degree-cycle system.
- Published
- 2020
4. THE CHALLENGES OF THE TRANSITION FROM E-GOVERNMENT TO DIGITAL GOVERNMENT.
- Author
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SZABÓ, Zsuzsanna Katalin, NEAG, Ramona, and SZABÓ, Marietta
- Subjects
- *
INTERNET in public administration , *ELECTRONIC paper , *DELIVERY of goods - Abstract
In the last two decades the web expansion from web of things to web of thought presents a real provocation for governments across societies to achieve citizens' expectations. The transition from e-government to digital government from reactive to proactive service delivery mechanisms is one of the governments main challenges worldwide. The aim of this paper is to analyse the readiness of governments across Europe for the transition from the traditional e-government to digital government. In the paper the digital government is analyzed comparatively with the e-government and focusing on the main differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
5. Designing and Implementing Virtual Exchange -- A Collection of Case Studies
- Author
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Research-publishing.net (France), Helm, Francesca, Beaven, Ana, Helm, Francesca, Beaven, Ana, and Research-publishing.net (France)
- Abstract
Virtual exchange is gaining popularity in formal and non-formal education, partly as a means to internationalise the curriculum, and also to offer more sustainable and inclusive international and intercultural experiences to young people around the world. This volume brings together 19 case studies (17 in higher education and two in youth work) of virtual exchange projects in Europe and the South Mediterranean region. They span across a range of disciplines, from STEM to business, tourism, and languages, and are presented as real-life pedagogical practices that can be of interest to educators looking for ideas and inspiration. [This content is provided in the format of an e-book. Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]
- Published
- 2020
6. Higher Education and Globalization in the Context of the COVID-19 Crisis
- Author
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Stavre, Ion and Ilie-Prica, Monica
- Abstract
The competition of civilizations forced the European universities to adapt to the competition with the Chinese and American universities. European integration cannot advance without the collaboration between European universities. An answer to these challenges is the CIVICA project, the European University of Social Sciences, a consortium of the following universities: Bocconi University (Italy), Central European University (Hungary), European University Institute (European Intergovernmental Organization), Hertie School of Governance (Germany), The National University of Political Studies and Public Administration (Romania), Sciences Po (France) and the School of Economics in Stockholm (Sweden). This experiment aims to become one of the European pilot universities, in the first round of applications for Erasmus+ in February 2019. The experiment takes into consideration the most important resource of a country: the human resource. The network of universities that are part of the CIVICA consortium will group approximately 38,000 students, 7,000 teachers and 3,000 people from the administrative apparatus. The London School of Economics is part of the CIVICA consortium, as an associate partner. At the Bucharest conference, the public presentation of the consortium and its objectives, the rectors of the seven universities set out to educate the future generations of professionals in social sciences, in order to solve the most pressing problems of the world. Creating a European identity is essentially the long-term, fundamental objective of the CIVICA consortium. In the context of this conference, we interviewed a few representatives of CIVICA, and their answers will be analyzed in this paper's section dedicated to the results of the research.
- Published
- 2020
7. Do Roma Parents' Views of Their Children's Learning Problems Align with Special Education Overrepresentation?
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Ives, Bob and Lee, Brian
- Abstract
Roma have been described as the most hated minority in Europe. Particularly in Southeastern Europe (SEE), this bias is reflected in how Roma children are treated and segregated in schools. Anecdotal evidence shows that Roma parents may give permission for their children to be included in segregated programs in order to benefit from payments, food and other compensations. In this analysis of parent survey data from ten SEE countries, with oversampling of the Roma minority, we found that Roma parents were no more likely to report that their children had learning problems than non-Roma parents. Instead, books in the home was the strongest predictor of whether parents in either groups reported that their children had learning problems.
- Published
- 2017
8. Education's Role in Preparing Globally Competent Citizens. BCES Conference Books, Volume 12
- Author
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Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), Popov, Nikolay, Wolhuter, Charl, Ermenc, Klara Skubic, Hilton, Gillian,, Ogunleye, James, Chigisheva, Oksana, Popov, Nikolay, Wolhuter, Charl, Ermenc, Klara Skubic, Hilton, Gillian,, Ogunleye, James, Chigisheva, Oksana, and Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES)
- Abstract
This volume contains papers submitted to the 12th Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), held in Sofia and Nessebar, Bulgaria, in June 2014, and papers submitted to the 2nd International Partner Conference, organized by the International Research Centre 'Scientific Cooperation,' Rostov-on-Don, Russia. The volume also includes papers submitted to the International Symposium on Comparative Sciences, organized by the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society in Sofia, in October 2013. The 12th BCES Conference theme is "Education's Role in Preparing Globally Competent Citizens." The 2nd Partner Conference theme is "Contemporary Science and Education: New Challenges -- New Decisions." The book consists of 103 papers, written by 167 authors and co-authors, and grouped into 7 parts. Parts 1-4 comprise papers submitted to the 12th BCES Conference, and Parts 5-7 comprise papers submitted to the 2nd Partner Conference. The 103 papers are divided into the following parts: (1) Comparative Education & History of Education; (2) Pre-service and In-service Teacher Training & Learning and Teaching Styles; (3) Education Policy, Reforms and School Leadership; (4) Higher Education, Lifelong Learning and Social Inclusion; (5) Educational Development Strategies in Different Countries and Regions of the World: National, Regional and Global Levels; (6) Key Directions and Characteristics of Research Organization in Contemporary World; and (7) International Scientific and Educational Cooperation for the Solution of Contemporary Global Issues: From Global Competition to World Integration.
- Published
- 2014
9. Characteristics of Educational Sciences Research Activity in European Post-Socialist Countries in the Period 1996 to 2013: Content Analysis Approach
- Author
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Bouillet, Dejana and Jokic, Maja
- Abstract
In European post-socialistic countries or more commonly known as Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries, regardless of their differences and specifics, the common communist and post-communist legacies in the field of educational sciences are still recognisable. The aim of this article is to explore research activity in the educational sciences in 15 CEE countries: 11 EU member states and 4 from the former Yugoslav Republic in the period from 1996 to 2013. The purpose of this research is to recognise the specificity and dynamics of subject and content issues, and development of methodological approaches in the educational science research. The sample consists of abstracts of 2,395 papers by CEE authors published in 265 journals indexed in Scopus between 1996 and 2013. Content analysis was applied, where the abstracts were grouped into specifically created categories describing the content and methods of the paper and analysed on the basis of two criterion variables -- CEE and non-CEE or international journals. The ?[superscript 2] test showed that the field of educational sciences in 15 European post-socialist countries changed over time in terms of quantity, content and methods, becoming more expansive and diverse, which is recognisable in papers published both in international and in CEE journals.
- Published
- 2019
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10. Refugees Welcome? Recognition of Qualifications Held by Refugees and Their Access to Higher Education in Europe--Country Analyses
- Author
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European Students' Union (ESU) (Belgium), Eckhardt, Lukas, Jungblut, Jens, Pietkiewicz, Karolina, Steinhardt, Isabel, Vukasovic, Martina, and Santa, Robert
- Abstract
The European Students' Union with the support of the Open Society Foundation published a new study on recognition of qualifications held by refugees and their access to higher education in Europe. The paper analyses how a selected pool of countries use education as an instrument for inclusion of refugees, asylum seekers and persons in refugee-like situation. The report includes detailed country analyses of Romania, Belgium, Norway and Germany. The chosen countries represent different parts of Europe as well as countries that face specific challenges in coping with the inclusion of refugees into higher education and that have partially found solutions for these problems that might serve as good practice examples. According to the information provided by the European Higher Education Area's (EHEA) the main barriers refugees face when accessing higher education in Europe are lack of information; lack of advice and individual guidance; recognition of credits and qualifications, particularly without documents; inadequate language support provisions and lack of adequate financing. The report provides an argument that providing access to education for refugees contributes to the country economically and societally. However, in order to guarantee this inherent element of integration, national higher education systems need to fulfill their commitments to social dimension, i.e. the strategies and measures to mirror the diversity of society within higher education. One of the tools used to provide wider participation in higher education for refugees is recognition of their qualifications. National authorities and higher education institutions should ensure flexible procedures for the recognition of degrees, periods of study and prior learning of refugees, in line with the Lisbon Recognition Convention. However, despite the existing legal regulations ENIC-NARIC [European Network of Information Centres in the European Region and the National Academic Recognition Information Centres in the European Union] centres responsible for information and recognition still indicate a number of challenges, such as: lack of information about the education systems and qualifications from countries in conflict, questionable authenticity of the documents provided, lack of documentation, incomplete qualifications and the number of applicants. The report shows that despite various approaches to policy-making and implementation that the countries applied, they certainly have elements in common: bottom-up approaches and initiatives taken up by higher education institutions, staff, students and NGOs [non-governmental organisations], regardless of the scope of governmental support, are central to refugees' integration.
- Published
- 2017
11. The Effect of Different Types of Education on the Likelihood of Employment in 29 Post-Communist Countries of Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union
- Author
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Habibov, Nazim, Auchynnikova, Alena, and Luo, Rong
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of a variety of levels of education, namely, high school, vocational and university education, on the probability of being employed in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Design/methodology/approach: The data are from two waves of the Life-in-Transition Survey that covers 29 post-communist transitional countries. The number of binary logistic models is estimated to quantify the effects of different types of education on the likelihood of being employed, while controlling for different sets of covariates. Findings: The findings reveal that the effect of employment associated with university education is higher than that of vocational education, which in turn is higher than that of high school education. However, the differences between the effects of the various levels of education are not considerable. Any specific level of education is always associated with a higher effect in Eastern Europe as compared to the former Soviet Union. The effect of education is also found to be higher for females than for males. In the former Soviet Union, the positive effect of university and vocational education on employment is found to go down with age. Originality/value: This is the first study which compares effect of different types of education on probability of being employed on a diverse sample of 29 post-communist countries over the period of five years.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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12. Early Childhood in Central and Eastern Europe: Issues and Challenges. Action Research in Family and Early Childhood. UNESCO Education Sector Monograph No. 13/2000. First Central and Eastern European Early Childhood Care and Development Meeting (Budapest, Hungary, October 24-28, 1999).
- Author
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). Early Childhood and Family Education Unit. and Korintus, Marta
- Abstract
This document is comprised of the proceedings from the first Central and Eastern European Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) meeting in Budapest, Hungary, October 24-28, 1999, convened to begin the development of an ECCD network in the region to address the similar needs and concerns of children in these countries. Following an introductory chapter describing the organization of the meeting, discussions concerning the objectives for the network, a possible working structure, and country representatives' responsibilities, the following papers reporting on the situation of children and available services are presented: (1) "Situation of Children in Albania" (Altin Hazizaj); (2) "Conditions of Education and Development of Children in Armenia" (Gurgen Vardanyan); (3) "Early Childhood Care and Development in Azerbaijan" (Iskander Iskanderov); (4) "Childhood in Romania"; (5) "Pre-school Education in Romania" (Anca Butuca); (6) "Family Education Programme in Romania"; (7) "Situation of Preschool Aged Children in the Slovak Republic" (Zita Badurikova); (8) "Early Childhood Care and Development in Ukraine" (Lydia Derkach); (9) "All-Ukrainian NGO 'Our Children'" (Vadim Georgienko); and (10) "Transforming Early Childhood Practices in Yugoslavia" (Mirjana Pesic). A list of conference participants is appended. (KB)
- Published
- 2000
13. The Forgotten Generations of Central and Eastern Europe.
- Author
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Tracy, Martin
- Abstract
Discusses factors that have helped to shape pension system policy goals and strategies of reform in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia, Romania, and Ukraine. The factors are political support, capital formation of public and private savings, high tax rates, and social assistance. (JOW)
- Published
- 1994
14. Voices of Children and Parents from Elsewhere: A Glance at Integration in Italian Primary Schools
- Author
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Dusi, Paola and Steinbach, Marilyn
- Abstract
This study involves 35 research participants: 20 immigrant parents (primarily mothers from South America, North Africa, Eastern Europe and the Middle East) and 15 primary school children, aged 10-11. These children were born outside Italy and primary school was their first encounter with the Italian educational system. We observed their processes of integration through their stories and those of their parents. Our investigation aims to identify factors that support or inhibit their school integration. We adopt an ecological research paradigm, proposing a vision of knowledge as rooted in natural life contexts, focusing on subjectivity. Analysis of the data led to identification of core categories concerning these families' experiences and their children's encounters with Italian schools. This paper focuses on the children's perspectives of their experiences with school.
- Published
- 2016
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15. Accounting academia in emerging economies: evolutions and challenges.
- Author
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Albu, Nadia, Albu, Catalin Nicolae, Bunea, Stefan, and Girbina, Maria Madalina
- Subjects
ACCOUNTING education ,VOCATIONAL guidance ,ACCOUNTING ,ACCOUNTING customer services ,ACCOUNTING firms - Abstract
Purpose - This paper aims to investigate the development of accounting academia in an emerging country situated in Central and Eastern Europe. Design/methodology/approach - First, the authors analyze publications in the main three local Romanian journals dedicated to accounting, using content analysis and statistical tests in line with the issues analyzed for accounting publications in the international literature. Second, they mobilize personal experience of, and observations of local developments by, the authors. Findings - The authors find that the decision of establishing a national journal ranking system in Romania in 2005 had both positive and negative consequences. Romanian accounting academics were asked after 2005 to focus on a very short notice on writing research papers, following a long period of communism and about 15 years of post-communism during which they wrote textbooks and professional papers. Journal and university rankings therefore influenced the publication behavior of such researchers, leading to searches for efficiency, ease of publications, publications outside accounting as well as to a difficult publication of their research outcome by internationally relevant accounting journals. Research limitations/implications - Publications in the three Romanian accounting journals for one year were analyzed and the personal experience of the authors mobilized. However, following this study, university administrators and national regulators can better ascertain the effect of their actions, and use these findings to better plan their future actions. Originality/value - This paper contributes to accounting research literature by offering insights into the current state of accounting research and publication in an emerging economy (Romania), and by investigating the institutional factors that may be responsible for this state of affairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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16. Educational Reform and Power Struggles in Romania.
- Author
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Birzea, Cesar
- Abstract
A discussion of educational reform in Central and Eastern Europe in general, and Romania in particular, suggests four distinct reform stages: destructuring (1990); stabilization (1991-92); restructuring (1993-95); and counterreform (after 1993). Political, social, and economic attitudes and actions characterizing these stages are examined. (MSE)
- Published
- 1996
17. Internationalizationof Japanese Multinational Corporationsin Central and Eastern Europe.
- Author
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Marinov, Marin A., Marinova, Svetla T., and Morita, Ken
- Subjects
GLOBALIZATION ,INTERNATIONAL business enterprises ,JAPANESE corporations ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,MARKET entry ,MARKET share ,INDUSTRIAL management ,BUSINESS research - Abstract
The paper focuses on the internationalization activities of Japanese MNCs in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) analyzing data on national level considering Japan's modes of market entry in the CEE region and some of the countries in it. Major trends and the development of Japanese internationalization in CEE are presented. Individual mini case studies contribute to the analysis using the experience of several major Japanese MNCs that have invested in the region. The goal of the paper is to uncover the specifics of the internationalization process of Japanese corporations in the CEE region. Main characteristics of the penetration of Japanese MNCs in CEE are unveiled and discussed in the concluding part of the paper. The management implications and conclusions from the study are discussed further in the final part of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2003
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18. Packaging waste recycling in Europe. What is Romania's place?
- Author
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Zaharia, Marian
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PACKAGING waste ,WASTE recycling ,SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
The imperative conditions for sustainable development both in Europe and around the world, waste collection is a fundamental goal, one way to achieve this is to develop circular economies. In this context, the paper analyzes the evolutions of the recycling rate of packaging waste by type of packaging in Romania compared to the 27 states of the European Union, as well as to other states in Europe. The analysis revealed that, among the 30 states included in the analysis, Romania moved from 28th place in 2006 to 23rd place in 2018, but is still quite far from the European Union average. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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19. The Europeanisation of Parliaments in Central and Eastern Europe.
- Author
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Guasti, Petra
- Subjects
EUROPEAN politics & government ,UPPER chambers of legislative bodies ,LOWER chambers of legislative bodies - Abstract
The role and functioning of the upper chambers of Central and Eastern European (CEE) parliaments have for a long time been a minor topic on the research agenda of legislative specialists. This paper seeks to fill the gap in existing research by aiming to determine the main effects caused by the process of Europeanisation on the relationships between the upper and lower chambers of parliaments in four CEE countries; the Czech Republic, Poland, Romania and Slovenia. The paper identifies these changes on two levels - the institutional and the individual. The institutional level analysis examines changes in the formal and informal structures of CEE bicameral legislatures and their functioning. The individual level analysis focuses on changes within the recruitment and career patterns of parliamentarians within the expanded multilevel governance system. The aim of the paper is to determine whether the process of Europeanisation and EU accession establishes a common ground for formal and informal cooperation between the chambers (and their respective members) at the national level, or whether this process operates as a further constraint for the successful consolidation of parliaments in Central and Eastern Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
20. Beyond the academic milieu: friendship in the shadow of death (studies).
- Author
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Rotar, Marius and Teodorescu, Adriana
- Subjects
DEATH & psychology ,SERIAL publications ,PRACTICAL politics ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,MEDICAL research - Abstract
This introduction provides some insights on this special issue of Mortality, entitled Dying and Death in Former Communist European Countries, setting the issue against the general background of death studies and, more specifically, of death studies in eastern European countries. Some relevant references to the Dying and Death in 18th-21st Century Europe International Conference, organised in Romania, at the '1 Decembrie 1918ʹ University of Alba Iulia, Romania, between 2007 and 2019, are also made. The rationale and also the limitations of this special issue are brought into attention. The papers that form this issue are briefly presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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21. IMPACT OF THE RUSSIAN - UKRAINIAN CONFLICT ON ROMANIAN INFLATION.
- Author
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CĂTĂLIN, NODIȘ IONUȚ and IOANA, PITORAC RUXANDRA
- Subjects
GAS prices ,CONSUMER price indexes ,ELECTRICITY pricing ,COAL sales & prices ,PRICE inflation ,PETROLEUM sales & prices ,ROMANIANS - Abstract
The objective of the paper was to study the effects of the Russian -Ukrainian conflict on Romanian inflation using the energy shock's pass-through effect to inflation in Europe after the invasion. A monthly time series dataset is used for econometric analysis, and the data was collected from EUROSTAT, IMF and BNR databases. Using a Cochrane-Orcutt AR (1) regression with iterated estimates that control for autocorrelated error terms, we measured how variations in the price of coal, gas, and oil affected the harmonized consumer price index (HCPI). Our results suggest that oil price increases will lead to an increase in HIPC in Romania. Gas prices had an inverse relationship with HIPC in the analyzed period. The data however did not suggest a relation between coal price and inflation, in the studied period. The energy shock that occurred in Europe accounted in higher prices for gasoline, heating, and electricity on the short run, but there is no evidence that this inflationary pressure will affect long run household inflation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
22. European Union enlargement, post-accession migration and imaginative geographies of the 'New Europe': media discourses in Romania and the United Kingdom.
- Author
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Light, Duncan and Young, Craig
- Subjects
EUROPEAN Union membership ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,NATIONAL character ,IMMIGRANTS in mass media ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,NATIONALISM - Abstract
This paper is concerned with re-imaginings of 'Europe' following the accession to the European Union (EU) of former 'Eastern European' countries. In particular it explores media representations of post-EU accession migration from Romania to the United Kingdom in the UK and Romanian newspaper press. Todorova's (1997) notion of Balkanism is deployed as a theoretical construct to facilitate the analysis of these representations as first, the continuation of long-standing and deeply embedded imaginings of the 'East' of Europe and, second, as a means of contesting these discourses. The paper explores the way in which the UK press construct Balkanist discourses about Romania and Romanian migrants, and then analyses how the Romanian press has contested such discourses. The paper argues that the idea of the 'East' remains important in constructing notions of 'Europe' within popular media geographies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
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23. "A Finger for Berlusconi": Italy's anti-immigration/anti-crime measures, Romanian realities, and the poverty of European citizenship.
- Author
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Wagner, F. Peter
- Subjects
- *
POLITICAL science , *EUROPEAN citizenship , *IMMIGRATION policy , *IMMIGRATION opponents , *IDENTITY (Philosophical concept) - Abstract
The paper takes the recent (summer 2008) intra-EU-European clash between Italy and Romania as a starting point for a critical analysis of the present state of a EU-European citizenship. The paper argues that the central problem of a EU-European citizenship, as evidenced in the clash, lies in the fissures between the construction of citizenship as a political identity associated with the protective functions of a nationally-framed "state" and "Europe" as a topos of a historical-cultural and normative identity claim. It relies in its analysis on the general literature on (EU-) citizenship and on Roma in Europe; Italian, Romanian and international news coverage; interviews with Romanian politicians, intellectuals, and a leading Roma activist as the summer events unfolded; materials provided by various national and transnational organizations. That the normative invocation of a common European identity at the moment appears less and less able to muster the force necessary to check the political allure of a return to the strong nationally-framed protective state is seen as part and parcel of the larger crisis of institutional reform that presently defines the EU-European project of regional integration. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
24. Radical Nationalism East and West: Romania and France.
- Author
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Fesnic, Florin
- Subjects
- *
NATIONALISM , *POLITICAL doctrines , *POLITICAL science , *RADICALISM , *POLITICAL parties - Abstract
In recent years we have witnessed significant electoral successes of radical nationalist parties across Europe. This paper seeks to shed light on an important aspect of the emergence of these parties: the rise of radical nationalist constituencies. I focus on two of the most visible examples of success of such parties, the French National Front and the Greater Romania Party. This provides a type of most-different cases design: I identify explanatory variables (most importantly, economic transition) that account for the success of radical nationalism in both countries, notwithstanding many important differences between the two polities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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25. Frame Variation in the News Coverage of the Refugee Crisis: The Romanian Perspective.
- Author
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Vincze, Hanna Orsolya, Meza, Radu, and Balaban, Delia Cristina
- Subjects
REFUGEE resettlement ,REFUGEES ,EUROPEAN Migrant Crisis, 2015-2016 ,INTERNATIONAL conflict ,ROMANIAN history, 1989- ,SOCIAL history - Abstract
The 2015 refugee crisis has held the attention of Romanian news media, as one of the most challenging issues for the European Union in the last decade, even though Romania is not situated on the main routes on which refugees arrive. Our research focuses on the variation of issue-specific news frames in time, according to media type, and by the countries covered, also addressing the locally salient issue of religion. Articles from the websites of the top-ranked six Romanian news outlets were analyzed, including three quality papers and three tabloids (N=6,183), from 1 April 2015 to 30 September 2017. Using a computer-assisted, cluster-based frame analysis, we identify six primary, mutually exclusive and six secondary, nonexclusive frames: European crisis, context/victimization, relocation/distribution, international conflict, and social problem, national costs, religious issues, US immigration policy, humanitarian/international. The variations in their salience follow the general European tendency toward securitization. At the same time, the emphasis on the issue as a European crisis indicates a tendency characteristic of Central and Eastern European media coverage. Co-occurrence patterns of frames and specific countries also indicate that the salience of some globally recurrent frames varies by countries covered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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26. Health technology assessment in Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria.
- Author
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Gulácsi, László, Rotar, Alexandru, Niewada, Maciej, Löblová, Olga, Rencz, Fanni, Petrova, Guenka, Boncz, Imre, and Klazinga, Niek
- Subjects
MEDICAL technology ,MEDICAL care ,MEDICAL research ,BIOTECHNOLOGY - Abstract
This paper describes and discusses the development and use of health technology assessment (HTA) in five Central and Eastern European countries (CEE): Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria. It provides a general snapshot of HTA policies in the selected CEE countries to date by focusing on country case-studies based on document analysis and expert opinion. It offers an overview of similarities and differences between the individual CEE countries and discusses in detail the role of HTA by assessing its formalization and institutionalization, standardization of methodology, the use of HTA in practice and the degree of professionalization of HTA in the region. It finds that HTA has been to some extent implemented in all five countries studied, with methodologies in accordance with international standards, but that challenges remain when it comes to the role of HTA in health care decision-making as well as to human resource capacities of the countries. This paper suggests that coming years will show whether CEE countries develop adequate national analytical capacity to assess and appraise technologies in the context of local need and affordability, instead of using HTA as a mere administrative procedure to fulfill (inter)national requirements. Finally, suggestions are provided to strengthen HTA in CEE countries through cooperation, mutual learning, a common accreditation of HTA bodies and increased network building among CEE HTA experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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27. Managerial Challenges and the Romanian Labour Dynamics in the European Context.
- Author
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VOLINTIRU, Clara
- Subjects
LABOR market ,MANAGERIAL economics ,ECONOMIC policy ,ECONOMIC indicators ,EMPLOYMENT ,ORGANIZATIONAL effectiveness - Abstract
This paper explores the traits of the labour market in Romania, compared to the general tendencies in the EU. It adopts an institutionalist perspective, contrasting the impact of regulation with the structural problems of the Romanian labour market. By looking at such indicators as the level of public employment, self-employed persons, or percentage of manufacturing employment, this study delineas the managerial challenges embedded within the labour market in Romania, as characteristics of this country, as well as others in Eastern Europe. One of the main findings of this study is that many of the problems of the Romanian labour market remain hidden from general quantitative assessments, and policy-making needs to be informed by in-depth analysis of the underlying structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
28. From engineer to farmer.
- Author
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Barcanescu, Ileana
- Subjects
RETIREMENT & psychology ,AGRICULTURE ,CULTURE ,OCCUPATIONS - Abstract
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to encourage readers to think about a life after retirement, with an emphasis on the nature and activities of small agribusiness for actively retired people. The article can also provide a comparison between the activities of "re-converted" elderly farmers in different parts of Europe. Design/methodology/approach - The paper is an invited viewpoint piece and based upon the experience and opinions of an actively retired Romanian citizen, currently managing her small family farm. Findings - A complete change of work and living environment can be the much-needed step that many actively retired professionals need. Nevertheless, the success and happiness found following such a decision is also dependent on previous experiences and knowledge in the newly chosen field of activity, since these activities are not just a pastime, but can easily become the equivalent of a fulltime jobyor even more than this. Originality/value - The article provides not only a succinct overview of a small agribusiness run by an actively retired person, but also remarkable insight and understanding of the retirement for people from different cultures and professional backgrounds. It presents a different perspective of active retirement for elderly people in Eastern European countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. THE IMPACT OF GEOGRAPHY CURRICULA ON EMPLOYABILITY: A STUDENT PERSPECTIVE.
- Author
-
NIȚĂ, MIHAI RĂZVAN, CLIUS, MIOARA, and GAVRILIDIS, ALEXANDRU ATHANASIOS
- Subjects
EMPLOYABILITY ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,GEOGRAPHY ,LABOR market ,PART-time employment - Abstract
The number of graduates from universities or higher education institutions increased in the last 30 years in Europe, but not in the same pace as their absorption rates on the labor market in their fields of study. Understanding the paradigms in which higher institutions' work is important in relation to their structure, teaching staff, curriculum and opportunities for students. Our analysis focuses on the reasons why students choose a faculty of Geography and assesses their perception regarding the educational process and employability. The results emphasize as main motivation the passion for Geography, while the location in Bucharest plays an important role also. The results underlined that students felt that they should have been more involved in research activities or they should have been given the opportunity to work in part-time jobs during their studies. The findings of our paper correspond with the social and economic context as the youth who arrive in a big city, such as Bucharest, are more interested to find a job and produce an income, putting their studies on the second place. These aspects emphasize the need for creating a stronger connection between the higher education institution and the labour market actors and the need to adjust the curricula according to employers' requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. SUCCESS FACTORS FOR BUSINESSES MANAGED BY WOMEN.
- Author
-
LUPŞA-TĂTARU, Dana Adriana
- Subjects
BUSINESSWOMEN ,BUSINESS development ,ENTREPRENEURSHIP ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
The paper presents the main findings regarding the role of women entrepreneurs in Europe specifically, and how the influence of alternative forms of finance and networking support helped their business development. The main results show that, even though women are considered one of the greatest powers of macro environment development, they are not aware of the possibilities of financing their business and they do not trust the women networks to have business with. -consider revising [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
31. The Romanian Pentecostal Agency for Foreign Mission (APME): A Case Study in Cross‐Cultural Mission Originating from Eastern Europe.
- Author
-
Rițișan, Gheorghe and Constantineanu, Corneliu
- Subjects
PENTECOSTAL missions ,CHRISTIANITY ,CROSS-cultural communication ,EVANGELISTIC work ,RELIGION - Abstract
This paper offers a short analysis of the ecclesiological and missiological context that led to the establishment of the Romanian Pentecostal Agency for Foreign Mission (APME). It states the main steps in the process of the development of the organization in its first decade of existence (2006–2016), during which it became one of the youngest and most dynamic missionary structures in Europe. It describes the process of the birth of APME and the important role the founding team played in the existence of the agency and in articulating the mission, vision, values, and work philosophy. The main section will present the components of APME's work strategy which led to implementing the vision and reaching the objectives: mobilizing the churches, recruiting, training, sending, supporting missionaries, and promoting the ministry. A short section will show the crucial importance of internal and foreign partnerships in the activity of APME. In the final part we will list the main lessons learned in the ten years of APME's existence that can be shared with other mission organizations, as well as the challenges that the organization faces over the next few years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN THE WORLD, THE EU-27 AND ROMANIA.
- Author
-
POPESCU, Agatha and POP, Cecilia
- Subjects
ORGANIC farming ,AGRICULTURE ,STATISTICS ,TRENDS ,ORGANIC foods ,DAIRY products ,PRICES - Abstract
The paper aimed to analyze the development of organic agriculture in the world, the EU and Romania, based on the statistical data for the period 2006-2010 and the index, share and comparison methods. Organic agriculture covers 34.04 Million ha at world level, of which 26.99 % in Europe and 32.08 % in Oceania. The largest areas in organic agriculture are in Australia, Argentina, the USA, Brazil, Spain, China and Italy. At world level, there are 1.6 million organic producers, over 63 % operating in Africa and Asia, especially in India, Uganda and Mexico. In 2010, organic food sales accounted for Euro 44.5 Billions of which 50 % in Europe. In the same year, the organic agriculture area increased by 20 % in the EU-27 and reached 9.01 million ha and continues to grow, representing 5.10 % of agricultural land. The larges areas in organic agriculture are in Spain, Italy, Germany and France. In the EU-27 there are 219,290 organic producers of which 40 % in Italy, Spain, Germany and Austria. In 2010, Romania's area in organic agriculture was 300,205 ha, 2 times higher than in 2006. A number of 10,253 organic operators were registered in 2010, representing 4.67 %, of the EU number. The main organic products are cereals, vegetables, wine, honey, dairy products, representing a chance for Romania's export on the EU market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
33. Radon levels assessment in relation with seismic events in Vrancea region.
- Author
-
Zoran, M., Savastru, R., and Savastru, D.
- Subjects
RADON ,SEISMOLOGY ,NUCLEAR track detectors ,GROUNDWATER ,SCIENTIFIC observation - Abstract
Due to the subcrustal earthquakes located at the sharp bend of the Southeast Carpathians, Vrancea zone in Romania has a high potential seismic hazard in Europe. Among several seismic precursors, radon anomalies in air, ground, and groundwater in the epicentral areas can be associated with the strain stress changes that occurred before and after earthquakes. In order to support this theoretical view, the main aim of this paper was to investigate temporal variations of radon concentration levels in air near the ground and in ground air by the use of solid state nuclear track detectors CR-39 and LR-115 in relation with some seismic events at two seismic stations Vrancioaia and Plostina, located in Vrancea active region. This paper reports essentially the observation of radon concentration levels in the air near the ground at 1 m height for the earthquakes that occurred during the period of November 2010-October 2011 and moment magnitudes M in the range of $$ 2.0 \le M_{\text{w}} \le 4.9 $$. The average radon concentration in air above the ground measured with CR-39 detectors recorded for 1 year period in Vrancea area was 1,094.58 ± 150.3 Bq/m and 10 days fluctuations were placed in the range of 129 ± 40 Bq/m and 5,888 ± 700 Bq/m. Also have been reported measurements of in soil radon concentrations in drill holes at 0.5 m depths during period of March 1977-October 1980, just after 4 March 1977, M 7.4 Vrancea earthquake. The knowledge of air-ground-gas Rn anomalies is very important for earthquake pre-signals assessment as well as for precisely location of geologic active faults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. NEW CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF ALIEN FLORA IN ROMANIA.
- Author
-
Culiţă, Sîrbu, Adrian, Oprea, pavol Jun., Eliáš, and Peter, Ferus
- Subjects
INTRODUCED plants ,INTRODUCED species ,PLANT introduction ,PLANT invasions ,INVASIVE plants - Abstract
In this paper, a number of seventeen alien plant species are presented, one of them being now for the first time reported in Romania (Sedum sarmentosum Bunge). Some species are mentioned for the first time in the flora of Moldavia (Aster novae-angliae L., Cenchrus incertus M. A. Curtis, Chenopodium pumilio R. Br., Fraxinus americana L., Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell, Petunia × atkinsiana D. Don, Solidago gigantea Aiton, Tagetes erecta L.) or Transylvania (Kochia sieversiana (Pallas) C. A. Mey.), and some are reported from new localities (seven species). For each species, there are presented general data on the geographical origin, its distribution in Europe and worldwide, as well as its invasion history and current distribution in Romania. Some of these species manifest a remarkable spreading tendency, expanding their invasion area in Romania. Voucher specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iaşi (IASI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
35. The Importance of Certification of Organizations' Management Systems to ISO Standards.
- Author
-
PĂUNESCU, Carmen
- Subjects
STANDARDS ,CERTIFICATION ,CUSTOMER satisfaction ,MANAGEMENT - Abstract
Standard-based management is a research field that received a lot of attention in the latest years. Implementation of ISO standards of management systems brings multiple benefits to organizations that adopt a standard-based management. Increasing of the consistency of business operations, improvement of customer satisfaction, or increasing in the overall efficiency of an organization are only some of those benefits. The current paper examines the extent to which organizations in Romania and in Central and Eastern Europe value importance of certification to ISO management system standards. For this purpose it analyzes the data collected by the annual ISO survey 2015, for the last six years, to identify evolutions and changes in ISO certifications of organizations in different European countries. The paper results show encouraging perspectives regarding importance given by Romanian organizations to ISO management systems certification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
36. Classification, Typology and Distribution of Solification Rocks in Romania.
- Author
-
Simulescu, Daniel and Grigoraş, Constantin
- Subjects
- *
CLASSIFICATION , *GEOLOGY , *CRYSTALLINE rocks , *SOIL formation , *SOIL science - Abstract
The present paper seeks to contribute to the better knowledge of the parental rocks of different soil types that are found in Romania, as well as their share in the country's territory. During its geological-geographical evolution, on Romania’s territory various geological (petrographic) formations have been formed, from crystalline rocks to loams, sands, fluvial and organic deposits. Because the types of rocks are numerous and their territorial distribution changes in narrower areas, the paper aims to group them according to their associating mode, genesis, as well as to their contribution to soil formation. The paper introduces a new map of solification rocks in Romania, scale 1:1.000.000, which aims not only to their theoretical classification, but also to determine the surfaces occupied by each category, and their distribution on the country's major relief units. In addition to the new map, achieved after the processing and updating of different cartographical materials using GIS techniques, information regarding the soil types formed on each category of parental rocks is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Civic Engagement in a Post-Communist State.
- Author
-
Mondak, Jeffery J. and Gearing, Adam F.
- Subjects
COMMUNIST state ,PRACTICAL politics ,POLITICAL participation ,CIVIC associations ,SOCIAL interaction ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,LEGAL judgments ,DEMOCRATIZATION - Abstract
During the communist era, numerous social and political constraints limited civic engagement in communities throughout Central and Eastern Europe. This paper explores whether such constraints have left lasting marks, and whether such lingering effects potentially slow the process of democratization. Three specific questions were explored: (1) whether civic engagement in a post-communist state differs from that in an established Western democracy; (2) whether the quality of social perception suffers when civic engagement is constrained; and (3) whether a link exists between civic engagement and tangible forms of political judgment. Data were analyzed from surveys conducted in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, in 1994 and in South Bend, Indiana, in 1984. Compared with South Bend residents, the people of Cluj-Napoca discuss politics less, engage in interactive forms of political participation at lower rates, know less about their neighbors, and fail to link the interests of people in the community to broader political judgments. Given the centrality of civic engagement to democratic legitimacy, these findings justify concern regarding the prospects for full democratization in Central and Eastern European contexts in which social interaction does not yet flourish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Marketing the Count's way: how Dracula's myth can revive Romanian tourism.
- Author
-
CANDREA, Adina Nicoleta, ISPAS, Ana, UNTARU, Elena Nicoleta, and NECHITA, Florin
- Subjects
TOURIST attractions ,PLACE marketing ,DRACULA, Count (Fictional character) ,POPULAR culture ,HERITAGE tourism ,ROMANIA. Ministry of Tourism - Abstract
Tourism destinations associated with the place myth phenomena often experience increased visitation and marketing opportunities. Considering the popularity of the Dracula myth worldwide, Romania has a great opportunity to improve its image as a unique destination on the international tourism market. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the exploitation of the Dracula myth in the Romanian tourism context, as well as the managerial and marketing implications of such an approach. It begins with an overview of the imaginary and historical links between Romania and the Dracula myth. Further on, it reviews the national initiatives to develop Dracula tourism, from both private and governmental perspectives. The paper concludes by highlighting the opportunities of developing Dracula tourism in Romania and embracing the Dracula myth as a unique competitive advantage of the country as a tourism destination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
39. POST-CRISIS FISCAL DILEMMAS IN ROMANIA.
- Author
-
MIHAELA, IFRIM
- Subjects
FISCAL policy ,PUBLIC spending ,FINANCIAL crises - Abstract
This paper represents a synthetic exposure in critical note of some aspects of fiscal policy after the economic crisis in Romania. The paper aimed to analyze several topics related to taxation that are found in current debates in Romania, in the context of the need to establish a coherent legal framework compatible with sustainable economic growth. I considered pointing the moral aspects related to taxation, analysis of the tax-expenditure tandem and criticize the prevalence of the Keynesian approach to fiscal policy in Romania. From the research method point of view, the approach is a qualitative one, in a praxeological note based on economic argumentation. This paper is not intended to provide advice on fiscal policy, but to expose the necessary ideas for understanding its implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
40. Treaty of Lisbon - An European Constitution?
- Author
-
MAICAN, Ovidiu-Horia
- Subjects
CULTURAL relations ,CONSTITUTIONS ,ECONOMIC expansion ,DEMOGRAPHIC change ,TREATIES ,LABOR mobility - Abstract
Europe has changed, the world has changed. The 21
st century brings new challenges and new opportunities. The interaction of economies and peoples worldwide, whether by communication, trade, migration, shared security, concerns or cultural exchange, is in constant evolution. In such a globalised world, Europe needs to be competitive to secure economic growth and more and better jobs, in order to achieve an overall sustainable development. Climate change calls for a response that must be both global and local. Demographic change has shifted some of the old certainties about the patterns of how society works. New security threats call for new strategies and policies. In all these areas, Europe needs to be equipped for change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
41. CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE INTERNET PURCHASES BY INDIVIDUALS IN ROMANIA AND EUROPE.
- Author
-
Zaharia, Marian and Enachescu, Daniela
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC commerce ,ELECTRONIC services ,INTERNET sales ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,INTERNAL marketing - Abstract
Internet and E-commerce have witnessed a continuous development in recent decades, the share of individuals who use this method to purchase goods and services in some countries in Europe reaching values exceeding 60 percent of the total population (Norway 71%, United Kingdom 67 %, the Netherlands and Sweden 66%). Moreover, in some age groups this percentage, exceeding 80 percent. Unfortunately, in terms of Internet use by individuals in Romania for making internet purchases barely exceeds 5 percent. From this viewpoint we are detached in last place in the EU. Based on an analysis of the evolution of the percentage of individuals from EU countries who make Internet purchases, this paper presents situation in Romania, compared to 10 European countries, of percentage of Internet purchases by individuals in the last three month and in the last year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
42. Romania's Regional Policy between the Current Realities and the Challenges of the 2014-2020 Programme Period.
- Author
-
Constantin, Daniela-Luminita
- Subjects
REGIONALISM ,HUMAN geography ,SOCIAL cohesion - Abstract
When it comes to its results, the 2007-2013 cohesion policy has already faced a serious criticism: the experts consider that the actual functioning of this policy takes up a lot of resources whereas a good set of other policies could produce the conditions for healthier growth. Possible improvements are discussed in relation to the increase in competitiveness, with the industrial structure, human resources, accessibility, innovation, environmental quality as the main drivers. They are expressed by the "Europe 2020" agenda, which envisages as thematic priorities the smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, connected to the headline targets translated into the national ones. However, voices especially from the lagging behind countries express worries about the chances offered to these countries by the new cohesion policy architecture to support their current priorities, predicted to manifest after 2013 as well. One of the possible responses consists in the contribution of various national and sub-national economic policies to economic, social and territorial cohesion combined with the assessment of the relative importance of the EU cohesion policy in the design and implementation of national economic policies meant to promote cohesion (e.g. EPRC, 2010). Based on these overall considerations, this paper proposes a discussion on the challenges to the Romania's regional policy in the next programme period, aiming at revealing how the new objectives can be reached given the existing economic and institutional framework on the one hand and the drawbacks of the previous financial exercise on the other hand: in other words, it examines whether the facts of the past and present can serve as useful lessons about "do's" and "don'ts" in the 2014-2020 period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
43. Who is researching biodiversity hotspots in Eastern Europe? A case study on the grasslands in Romania.
- Author
-
Nita, Andreea, Hartel, Tibor, Manolache, Steluta, Ciocanea, Cristiana M., Miu, Iulia V., and Rozylowicz, Laurentiu
- Subjects
SCIENTIFIC knowledge ,GRASSLANDS ,BIODIVERSITY conservation ,BIODIVERSITY ,SCIENTIFIC method ,PLANT ecology ,SUSTAINABLE agriculture - Abstract
European farmlands are vital arenas for socio-ecological sustainability because of their significant land coverage and potential for integrating food production with biodiversity conservation. The knowledge produced by scientific research is a critical ingredient in developing and implementing socio-economically and ecologically sustainable management strategies for farming landscapes. The grasslands of Europe have been managed for millennia. They have exceptional socio-cultural and economic value and are among the most biodiverse ecosystems in the world. The quality of scientific knowledge on them and its potential to address grasslands as complex socio-ecological systems is strongly dependent not only on the creativity and scientific ambition of the researcher, but also on the network around the researcher (including both academic and non-academic sectors). The goal of this study is to map the research network around Romania’s grasslands using bibliometrics analysis, a well-developed scientific domain that utilizes network theory to analyze relationships between affiliations networks, co-authorship networks, and co-word analysis. The number of studies targeting grasslands in Romania is increasing, owing mostly to international involvement. However, management of the grasslands is still deficient and the contribution of science to the process is virtually absent. The current research is mainly related to the biological and ecological characteristics of grasslands, with topics related to their management notably absent from internationally visible research, especially in the context of EU Common Agricultural Policies. To increase scientific inquiry and better inform the EU and local policies on grasslands management, Romanian researchers should capitalize on international collaborations and local academic leaders. Our findings can be used to identify research gaps and to improve collaboration and knowledge exchange between practitioners, researchers, policy makers, and stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. ROMANIA -- A FUTURE REGIONAL ENERGY HUB.
- Author
-
Săgeată, Radu
- Subjects
NATURAL gas transportation ,PETROLEUM ,HYDROCARBONS ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The paper highlights Romania's geostrategic potential and advantages as transit state of the future "Nabucco" transport route of natural gas from the Caspian Basin and Central Asia to the Central and East-European countries still heavily dependent on Russian hydrocarbon supply. Apart from the geostrategic advantages conferred by its geographical position, Romania is the only state in Central and South-Eastern Europe that can meet its own oil-and-gas demand and besides can also export this resource. The country also has the biggest Black Sea harbour which is ever more important economically and geostrategically after becoming port of the new Euro-Asian hydrocarbon transport axes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
45. THE CURSE OF THE GOLD: DISCOURSES SURROUNDING THE PROJECT OF THE LARGEST PIT-MINE IN EUROPE.
- Author
-
Egresi, Istvan
- Subjects
GOLD mining ,GOLD miners ,NONGOVERNMENTAL organizations ,GOLD reserves ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
In 1996, a Canadian company started geological explorations in the Rosia Montana area in the Romanian Carpathians. Two years later it formed a joint-venture with a Romanian state company to exploit what is believed to be Europe's largest gold reserves. However, as of June 2011 extraction has not started yet and it may never start due to the opposition of numerous NGO's that have pointed out the environmental, social and economic unsustainability of this mining project. This situation is highly unusual for a country that is hungry for foreign investment especially since up until very recently the state had supported any project promising to revitalize its mining sector. This paper will investigate the changes in the discourses surrounding this mining project taking into consideration the effects of globalization and the effects of Romania's EU membership after 2007. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Considerations on the Implementation of the Passive House Concept in South-Eastern Europe (Romania).
- Author
-
Rotar, N. and Badescu, V.
- Subjects
DWELLING design & construction ,SOLAR radiation ,PROTOTYPES ,HYDROGEN-ion concentration ,COMPUTER software ,CLIMATOLOGY - Abstract
The passive house (PH) concept has been developed in Germany since 1991. In the following years, the concept spread out successfully in other Western and Central European countries with similar climate. Do the design solutions developed in Germany ensure the fulfillment of PH standard requirements when implemented in areas with different climates, such as South-Eastern Europe? This paper provides a preliminary answer. First, general climate conditions are compared for 22 towns in Germany and Romania, respectively. The main conclusion is that climate data cannot provide enough information to decide whether the existing German PH design solutions will perform similarly well in Romania. Further analysis is done to estimate the energetic performance of a prototype passive building when located in any of the 22 towns of Germany and Romania. The energetic performance is computed by using the Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) software developed by the Passive House Institute of Darmstadt. The prototype passive building is AMVIC PH built in 2009 in Bragadiru (near Bucharest, Romania). It appears that the empirical design solutions developed in Germany may be relaxed (for example, the thermal insulation of the envelope may be reduced) when implemented for latitudes lower than 45° North. This is mainly due to the more abundant solar radiation in winter at these latitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Early silviculture of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) plantations, between economics and stability: a case-study.
- Author
-
Pătrăucean, A. and Nicolescu, V. N.
- Subjects
NORWAY spruce ,FORESTS & forestry ,ECONOMIC stabilization ,FOREST canopies ,STATISTICAL correlation - Abstract
The Norway spruce stands of Europe have been exposed to the undesired effects of snow and wind since a long time ago. Under such circumstances their resistance to the two factors has become a major preoccupation to foresters everywhere in Europe, two main solutions (i) wide spacing and (ii) high intensity silvicultural interventions - especially cleaning-respacing - performed soon after the first canopy closure being envisaged. Taking into account these solutions as well as the high initial stocking of pure Norway spruce plantations in Romania (usually 5,000 plants per ha), the paper outlines the major outputs of a research project started back in 2004 and dealing with the effects of various intensity cleaning-respacing interventions on the stability of young cultures as follows: the best results in terms of increment of mean dbh were achieved in the plot with the lowest initial stand density; there is a significant positive correlation between the initial dbh and dbh increment; a significant positive correlation was also found between the dbh and mean crown diameter; the mean height increment was much less influenced by stand density than the mean dbh increment; the early started and high intensity cleaningrespacing had a positive effect on Norway spruce stand stability, the present level of slenderness index reflecting its high or medium resistance to possible snow damages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Romania and the Western World from the 1800s.
- Author
-
Iacob, George and Gavrilovici, Ovidiu
- Subjects
ROMANIAN history ,ROMANIAN politics & government ,COMMUNISM ,BALANCE of power ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,WESTERN countries - Abstract
Purpose - In its modernization and European integration effort, from 1859 to the present, Romania went through a series of transitional periods. The purpose of this paper is to explore the issues involved in Romania fighting to regain its identity or in forging a new one. Design/methodology/approach - The paper presents a cogent but thorough history and examines the relationship of Romania moving into the future. Findings - Europe itself struggles. Identity does not mean "a difference which separates." The challenge in Europe now is to find and foster "the difference which unifies." Europe seems to be an "island of necessary stability" for Romania. Europe of the future can be an area of balance and Romania can become a region of balance within the new European Union. Originality/value - The paper presents an overview of Romania and the Western World from the 1800s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. The Mureş–Uzhgorod–Debrecen study: a comparison of hospital stroke services in Central-Eastern Europe.
- Author
-
Szatmári, S, Pascu, I, Mihálka, L, Mulesa, S.V, Fekete, I, Fülesdi, B, Csiba, L, Zselyuk, G, Szász, J, Gebefügi, J, Nicolescu, S, V&acaron;sieşiu, D, Smolanka, V.I, and Bereczki, D
- Subjects
CEREBROVASCULAR disease ,EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research ,MEDICAL care ,NEUROLOGY - Abstract
Stroke mortality is extremely high in Central-Eastern European countries. The high rate of risk factors and differences in health care services might be among the factors resulting in high stroke morbidity and mortality in this region. As only few prospectively collected information are available from this region, we decided to evaluate some characteristics of stroke services in neurological departments of a Romanian, a Ukrainian and a Hungarian city in the framework of the Mureş–Uzhgorod–Debrecen comparative epidemiological study. We registered demographic data, the absence or presence of the most important risk factors, and clinical signs on admission and at discharge. We recorded the application of various diagnostic methods, stroke treatment and recommendations for secondary prevention. Follow-up is planned after 30 days and after 1 year. The paper summarizes the methodology of this prospective epidemiological study of stroke patients hospitalized in neurological departments in Târgu Mureş, Uzhgorod and Debrecen, three Central-Eastern European cities in Romania, Ukraine and Hungary, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Romania at a Crossroad: The Business Situation in Romania-Spring 1999.
- Author
-
Wilson, Timothy L.
- Subjects
ROMANIAN economy ,BUSINESS conditions ,ELECTIONS ,SMALL business ,BUSINESS enterprises - Abstract
Observations have suggested that results of initial elections were the single most important factor in determining central and eastern European progress after the U.S.S.R. breakup in 1991. Romania thus presents a unique case in studies of this region. Initially it elected a government that shunned the ''shock therapy'' required to get a new economy started, but in 1996 elected a reform slate of officials. Thus, it has started the recovery process that more perceptive countries started five years earlier. These post-election developments in Romania are clearly of interest because of the model it presents for other countries in which the electorate may be considering similar changes. This paper reports on the situation in Romania as it related to the evolving economy there in the spring of 1999, three years after the critical election. It is adjudged that conditions imposed as part of the contemporaneous World Bank agreement were of course steps in the right direction. Nevertheless, progress toward a viable economy would require further progress in establishing a rule of law and in developing a much larger small business sector, which are recommended for any subsequent country making a similar transition. Forecasts by the prime minister suggested Romania would enter the EU after 2010. It is suggested that it would take at least that long before Romania's economy approached EU level. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2000
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