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2. Infection Prevention and Control for ICU during COVID-19 Pandemic: Position Paper of the Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine.
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Sharma, Jeetendra, Nasa, Prashant, Reddy, Kesavarapu Subba, Kuragayala, Swarna Deepak, Sahi, Shikha, Gopal, Palepu, Chaudhary, Dhruva, Dixit, Subhal B., and Samavedam, Srinivas
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PREVENTION of infectious disease transmission , *CROSS infection prevention , *INTENSIVE care units , *HOSPITAL building design & construction , *QUARANTINE , *DECONTAMINATION (From gases, chemicals, etc.) , *INFECTION control , *MEDICAL protocols , *CRITICAL care medicine , *STERILIZATION (Disinfection) , *COLLECTION & preservation of biological specimens , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has very high rates of hospital-related transmission among healthcare workers (HCWs), mandating the need for careful intensive care unit (ICU) designing, optimization of staff resources, implementation of vigorous infection control practices, environmental disinfection, meticulous sample collection, and criteria for staff quarantine. Most of the ICUs are not designed to deal with airborne viral infections and require redesigning for the safety of HCWs and patients. Infection control practices related to the prevention of spread of COVD-19 are unique and are well described. The training of staff on infection control practices reduces the infection rate among HCWs significantly. Adequate staffing not only helps in infection control but also prevents burnout of the staff. In case of infection to HCW, the staff must be assessed systematically, and institute's infection control committee should guide for isolation period as well as return to work based upon standard recommendations. This article focuses on infection control and prevention measures required in ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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3. Investigating the conditions of vulnerability experienced by migrant workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Kerala, India.
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McGowran, Peter, Mathews, Mishal A., Johns, Hannah, Harasym, Mary C., Raju, Emmanuel, and Ayeb‐Karlsson, Sonja
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COVID-19 pandemic , *MIGRANT labor , *SOCIAL contract , *INTERVENTION (Federal government) , *MENTAL health - Abstract
This paper analyses findings of the 'PROWELLMIGRANTS'2 project, which qualitatively investigated COVID‐19 impacts on migrants' well‐being and mental health in Kerala, India. It draws on a novel conceptual framework that combines assemblage‐thinking with theories of social contracts in disasters. The paper first explores how past development processes and contemporary migration policies in Kerala, and India more widely, generated conditions of vulnerability for migrant workers in Kerala prior to the pandemic. Next it shows that Government of Kerala interventions, in some cases supported by the central Government of India, temporarily addressed these vulnerabilities during the pandemic. In acknowledging the helpful response of the Kerala government, we problematise its stance on migrant workers during 'normal' times and speculate that permanently addressing these conditions of vulnerability would be a more logical approach. We acknowledge this involves overcoming many wider barriers. Thus, the paper also contains national‐level policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Religio-political influence on social work practice in contemporary India.
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Lourdu, G. Augustine, Saleth Nathan, J. Peter, and Krishnan, Rama Gokula
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HUMAN rights , *POLICY sciences , *PROFESSIONAL practice , *SOCIAL workers , *LOBBYING , *SOCIAL justice , *DIVERSITY & inclusion policies , *SOCIAL services , *SOCIAL work education , *SOCIAL case work , *RELIGION , *SPIRITUALITY , *PRACTICAL politics , *CONSUMER activism , *POLITICAL participation , *COVID-19 pandemic , *SOCIAL problems - Abstract
This paper aims to explore the intricate relationship between religio-political influence and its impact on social work in contemporary India. The escalating trends of majoritarianism, homogeneity, the instrumentalization of religion for political power, growing inequality, and the prevalence of caste-based violence have contributed to an alarming increase in intolerance among various religious, ethnic, and linguistic groups. These challenges, primarily driven by religio-political factions in India, pose significant obstacles to effective social work practice and intervention. The question arises: Can social work disentangle itself from religion and religio-political influence, or should a new narrative be developed within social work practice to address these concepts? This article underscores the pressing need for a fresh perspective that integrates religion, religiopolitics, and their influence on social work. New narrative can facilitate the development of effective strategies and interventions that mitigate the adverse effects of religio-political factions while promoting social justice and inclusivity. In conclusion, this paper emphasizes the necessity of reimagining the relationship between religion, religio-politics, and social work in India. Thus, social work can play a crucial role in fostering positive societal change, addressing inequality, and countering the rising tide of intolerance fueled by religio-political influences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Impact of COVID-19 on the extractive sector of India.
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Rout, Baijayanti and Nayak, Bibhuti Bhusan
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COVID-19 pandemic , *PROSPECTING , *COVID-19 , *MINERAL industries , *MINERS - Abstract
Mining is an important enterprise that will supply essential minerals for the country's infrastructural development. Mining is a key industry and a development engine in the Indian economy. The epidemic has had both immediate and long-term effects on the labour and industries in India. Short-term effects include the cessation of mineral production, salary loss due to absenteeism and pandemic limitations, unemployment, and the selling of minerals on the market. The reputation and economic health of industries, fresh mineral deposit exploration, and new mining complex development have all been impacted in long-term. Aside from the mining industry-specific impact of COVID-19, the social fabric of the mining workers has been impacted since they are living in an environment of fear and uncertainty. This paper attempts to analyse the effect of COVID-19 on extractive industries in India. It also focuses the steps which taken by the Indian government. The paper concluded with the negative effect of COVID-19 which disrupts the mining sector and the contribution declined during COVID-19. However, for instance from mineral rich-Odisha, the mining sector takes up by its growth in post COVID-19 period with remarkable increment from negative growth to high positive rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Poetry writing as a hope-building tool during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Sharma, Daneshwar
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WELL-being , *NONPROFIT organizations , *WORK , *VOLUNTEERS , *EXPERIENCE , *HOPE , *SOCIAL isolation , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors , *BUSINESS , *EXPERIENTIAL learning , *GRADUATE students , *STAY-at-home orders , *POETRY (Literary form) , *WRITTEN communication , *EMOTIONS , *SUFFERING , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
In difficult times, people turn to poetry, reading, and writing for solace and peace. In emotionally intense and traumatic times, people use poetry to process and understand the lived eyepieces. The havoc wreaked by the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the emotional and psychological well-being of individuals all across the world. Poetry has emerged as a savior in these difficult times. A phenomenon, "lockdown poems", came into existence as individuals all across the globe processed and shared their lived experiences of isolation, pain, and suffering through poems. In the present paper, students of a management program process and share their experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic, the subsequent lockdowns, and their community work experience. Poetry as a therapeutic and hope-building tool is discussed in the paper along with the original poems written by the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Ensuring continuity of care by small family practices and clinics in the primary care setting during COVID 19 pandemic 2020 - A position paper by the Academy of Family Physicians of India.
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Kumar, Raman, Boobna, Vandana, Kubendra, Mohan, Kaimal, Resmi, Velavan, Jachin, and Venkapalli, Sreenivas
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COVID-19 pandemic , *CONTINUUM of care , *PRIMARY care , *PHYSICIANS , *COVID-19 - Abstract
The world is passing through a global pandemic of COVID 19. The number of positive cases has crossed over twenty thousand as of April 2020. Like everyone else, it is indeed a very challenging situation for family physicians and primary care providers as most of the guidelines presently have focused on screening, quarantine, isolation, and hospital-based management. Limited information or clarity is available on running small private clinics during pandemic times. The key concern is professional obligation versus risks of community transmission. Family physicians see routine flu-like illnesses throughout the year with seasonal variation within their practices. This document is intended to develop consensus and standard practices for the family physicians and other primary care providers during the pandemic, ensuring optimal continuity of care. This document was reviewed by the national executive of the Academy of Family Physicians of India and approved for dissemination among members. However, due to the dynamic status of the pandemic, all practitioners are advised to closely follow the instructions, guidelines, and advisories of national, state and local health authorities as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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8. A review of covid 19 in Tamilnadu with regression and correlation co-efficient.
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Arunkumar, S., Sriram, G., and Gnanadesikan, C.
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COVID-19 , *SARS disease , *COVID-19 pandemic , *PEARSON correlation (Statistics) , *SYMPTOMS - Abstract
The present study is about the detailed analysis of the pandemic Corona Virus 2019 which has rocked the entire world with a maximum impact with its structure, its appearance and nomenclature, Clinical presentation and transmission, diagnostic technique. It's a respiratory illness caused by the virus SARS-CoV2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). It's a syndrome is different from other virus syndromes as this might act as Symptomatic also as Asymptomatic. The common symptoms would be cold, fever, cough, sneezing, running nose, breathing issues, Fatigue, etc. The paper may be a vivid picture on the COVID 19 cases in Tamilnadu which is within the Southern part of India and therefore the treatments like Ventilator, Plasma, etc and therefore the remedy offered to the patients like Naturopathy, Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani, Homeopathy, etc,.for better recovery and immunity to fight against the virus. It analyses the detailed reports and statistics during a regression form with reference to daily new death rate and total death rate with the assistance of statistical tools of the general rectilinear regression equation. the entire confirmed cases and daily new confirmed cases are plotted using Normal P-P plot of regression Standardized Residual. The Pearson correlation value is 0.837 which features a strong direct correlation between active cases and total recoveries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Teachers' preparedness and professionalism for online teaching during COVID-19: Evidence from India.
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Tokas, Shekhar, Sharma, Anand, and Tomar, Bhawna
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COVID-19 pandemic , *ONLINE education , *PROFESSIONALISM , *TEACHERS , *PREPAREDNESS , *VIRTUAL communities - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a sudden shift to online teaching in almost all countries of the world. This paper examines the preparedness and professionalism of teachers for online teaching at a university in India during Lockdown-1 (April 2020) and Lockdown-2 (May 2021). The paper attempts to understand the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on teachers' preparedness and professionalism to adopt technology in classrooms. The data was collected through the semi-structured interviews of 12 teachers in April 2020 and May 2021. Online observation of teachers was also carried out to understand the preparedness and professionalism of teachers. The findings suggest that most teachers were not prepared for this rapid transition to an online mode of teaching both at the personal and contextual level. The paper finds a considerable improvement in the preparedness and professionalism of teachers after a year of online teaching. The results also highlight that universities need to devote a significant amount of resources for creating an enabling environment for effective online teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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10. From Ritual Mourning to Solitary Grief: Reinterpretation of Hindu Death Rituals in India.
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Ghosh, Banhishikha and BK, Athira
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DEATH & psychology , *ATTITUDES toward death , *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress , *ETHNOLOGY research , *HINDUISM , *RITES & ceremonies , *BEREAVEMENT , *EXPERIENCE , *GRIEF , *INTERMENT , *COVID-19 pandemic , *SOCIAL stigma , *CULTURAL pluralism , *SOCIAL classes - Abstract
This paper considers the way the outbreak of coronavirus and the subsequent lockdown has egregiously impeded the Hindu death ceremonies and mourning rituals in India. It makes a comparative analysis of how Hindu death rituals get renegotiated, modified and reinterpreted across two vastly different regions of India, both of which have their local customs. Whilst death rituals in India are contingent on the deceased's caste, community, class, gender and age, the impediment to the major death rituals creates a central conundrum for all mourners. It results from the substitution of 'sacred' ritual guidelines with new 'profane' ones for the 'disposal' of deceased COVID-19 patients. Departure from many significant pre-liminal rites, specific transition rites, and post-liminal rites has eschatological, ritual and cultural ramifications. The inability to grieve in unison during a Shraddh ceremony denies mourners any scope to quell distressing feelings about mortality which serves as a source of consolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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11. Diabetes and tuberculosis syndemic in India: A narrative review of facts, gaps in care and challenges.
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Vaishya, Raju, Misra, Anoop, Vaish, Abhishek, and Singh, Sujeet Kumar
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SYNDEMICS , *TUBERCULOSIS , *DIABETES , *COMORBIDITY , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Both diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are prevalent all across in India. TB‐DM comorbidity has emerged as a syndemic and needs more attention in India considering gaps in screening, clinical care, and research. This paper is intended to review published literature on TB and DM in India to understand the burden of the dual epidemic and its trajectory and to obtain perspectives on the gaps, constraints, and challenges in care and treatment of this dual epidemic. A literature search was carried out on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using the key words 'Tuberculosis' OR 'TB' AND 'Diabetes' OR 'Diabetes Mellitus' AND 'India', focusing on the research published between the year 2000 to 2022. The prevalence of DM is high in patients with TB. Quantitative data on the epidemiological situation of TB/DM in India such as incidence, prevalence, mortality, and management are lacking. During the last 2 years convergence of TB‐DM syndemic with the COVID‐19 pandemic has increased cases with uncontrolled DM but also made coordinated control of TB‐DM operationally difficult and of low effectiveness. Research regarding TB‐DM comorbidity is required in the context of epidemiology and management. Detection and bidirectional screening are aggressively warranted. Management of DM in those with TB‐DM comorbidity needs more efforts, including training and supervision of frontline workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. Roadblocks in education amidst global crisis—A study based in India.
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Dayal, Surbhi and Pratibha
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DIGITAL communications , *COVID-19 pandemic , *MENTAL health of students , *ECONOMIC conditions of students , *DIGITAL technology , *INFORMATION & communication technologies , *HOSPITAL closures , *INTERNET access - Abstract
Background: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic compelled the closure of educational institutions and forced students to complete nearly two years of schooling online, impacting their physical and emotional development tremendously. This exploratory study investigates the wide-ranging impact of online education on Indian students during the COVID-19 pandemic and discusses the challenges exacerbated by disparities in access to digital devices and reliable internet service. The paper also focuses on the physical and mental health issues that arose in student cohorts as a result of the abrupt shift to online learning, and investigates the relationship between students' socioeconomic status and the nature and frequency of health issues experienced by them. Methods: A total of 832 respondents completed a 40-item survey that was administered online and through interviews. The paper analysed the impact of access to digital resources and teachers' training in information and communication technology on the perception of the quality of education provided by the institutions. We further analysed the impact of the adoption of online educational platforms on students' mental and physical health. Results: The study found a positive relationship between the number of hours spent online, and the physical and mental health issues experienced by students. Participants reported an overall higher perception of stress and anxiety, loss of concentration, and dissatisfaction with the quality of education. Our data suggest that COVID-19 has exacerbated the digital divide. Discussion: Urgent investments are needed to provide universal access to reliable internet services, and to develop a pedagogy that supports an agile and adaptable educational system, capable of providing effective learning and evaluation, while supporting students' physical and mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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13. Free Papers Compiled.
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COMPETENCY assessment (Law) , *HOSPITAL medical staff , *CONFERENCES & conventions , *COVID-19 pandemic - Published
- 2022
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14. Statistical analysis of quality learning and career over aftermaths MOOCS and done with face to face (F2F) classes.
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Pandit, Snigdha and Sharma, Pushpendra Kumar
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MASSIVE open online courses , *VIRTUAL classrooms , *COVID-19 pandemic , *ONLINE education , *CLASSROOMS - Abstract
During COVID-19 pandemic from 2019 onwards emergent demand of online classes has become worldwide prevalent. In the present era of pandemics along with advanced information and communication technology (ICT), institutions have shifted their pedagogy and are providing effective class room learning using web. Students are also joyful getting rid of class room constraints like modality, rigidity and inconveniency. The main objective of this research was to determine quality learning and students career growth as educational outcome via massive open online courses (MOOCS) as compared to that of traditional classes going physically offline and face to face (F2F). A total of 92 students of UG and PG level from different Indian universities and 8 countries including India were interviewed through questionnaire shared to achieve the objective. No significant difference was observed. In many research questions MOOCS were better proved than F2F. This paper will enrich the domain of distance learning, management and promote online learning using ICT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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15. COVID-19 case analysis in India using EDA and its prediction.
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Singh, Dharmpal, Halder, Sayantan, Bhattacharyya, Sonali, Nath, Ira, Sahana, Sudipta, Pal, Souvik, and Alkhafaji, Mohammed Ayad
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COVID-19 pandemic , *COVID-19 , *RANDOM forest algorithms , *BOX-Jenkins forecasting , *GROWTH factors - Abstract
This paper is a study about COVID-19 cases in India to analyze and visualize the spread of COVID-19 cases in INDIA. For the analysis, the concept Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) and some well know prediction models like Prophet Model, ARIMA Light GBM, Random Forest Regressor, XGBoost Regressor have been used to get the correct analyzed result. Furthermore, it has been observed that these prediction models and tools are helpful to analyze and visualize the COVID-19 situation in India and reason to spread it in optimal ways. Here, Matplotlib library has also been used to show the proper output in the form of graphs and charts. Analysis has been done on different Age/Gender Group. The Spike of Cases in India, State-wise Insights, the reason for the spread of COVID 19 cases. So, the main objective of this paper is to do analysis to know the reasonforCOVID-19 cases in India, State-wise Insight and State-Wise Testing, Prediction. To understand the optimal result of growth factors, the concept of Prophet Model ARIMA, LightGBM, Random Forest Regressor, XGBoost Regressor have been used on the data set. In addition, the data set includes the parameters of Age Group, Spike of Cases and Testing in India. From the literature survey, it has been observed that authors have used two and three techniques to analyze the result, but they have not used the methods we stated earlier for optimal result. This paper will provide the State-wise Insight and State-Wise Testing going in India with reason for spreading of COVID-19 cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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16. Study of growth of steel, steel infrastructure and steel industries in India.
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Irfan, Danish, Varadharajan, S., Mateen, Shahina, Mobasshir, Syed Md., Kumar, Ashish, and Shukla, Bishnu Kant
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STEEL industry , *STEEL , *COVID-19 pandemic , *CARBON emissions , *GROWTH industries , *LOW vision - Abstract
Steel has been widely used & accepted all over India in various sectors. The primary goal of this study is to learn more about steel production and industry growth in India, which has a significant impact on the Indian economy, accounting for around 2% of GDP. The paper briefly discusses steel demands, steel consumption & production rate, etc. The paper explores the background and history of the steel industry, as well as its development over time, such as the establishment of TISCO industries, SAIL, and other factors that contributed to India becoming the world's second-largest steel manufacturer with 111 crude steel MT production. The paper also considers the government initiative scheme & policies (National rail plan, Bharatmala scheme, Jal Jeevan, etc.) with their objective to improve the production & demands of steel. The paper provides a detailed review & vision of the National steel policy of 2017. This paper includes NSP 2017 goals & objective, which gives governments the expectation of reaching 300 MT of finished steel production in 2030-31. The paper also discusses the impact of steel on the infrastructure & construction industry, which consumes a larger portion of steel around 45-62% of total steel. This paper also provides a glimpse of the position of the Indian steel industry after the covid-19 pandemic (shows exports of steel have been grown by 22%) & sector-wise demand for steel. The problems that come along with the development of steel industries like CO2 emission (6.2% of total), waste generation & energy consumption (25% of total) have been also addressed in this paper. In this paper, an attempt has been made by the author to concisely review & explain steel industry growth over the years, the current scenario of the steel industry & its future aspiration through the various researcher reports & outcomes. In this paper, the outcome of the results has been briefly evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. A compartmental model on Covid-19 transmission.
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Yadav, Rakesh and Singh, Kuldeep
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BASIC reproduction number , *COVID-19 , *COVID-19 pandemic , *SARS-CoV-2 , *GENERAL semantics - Abstract
In the present times, Covid-19 is a great concern for every country as it is spread in multiple countries across the globe. In this paper, we will try to estimate potential consequences of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through a compartmental model. As many parameters may be observed to predict about number of deaths and covid-19 cases due to SARS-Cov2. We will use SEIRD model to predict basic reproduction number with the help of collected data of confirmed Covid-19 cases, deaths and the clinical parameters. In the next part of paper, we will try to make forecast about the number of deaths in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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18. How COVID‐19 lockdown has impacted the sanitary pads distribution among adolescent girls and women in India.
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Babbar, Karan, Rustagi, Niharika, and Dev, Pritha
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COVID-19 pandemic , *STAY-at-home orders , *SANITARY napkins , *TEENAGERS , *WOMEN - Abstract
This paper empirically explores the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic and its accompanying lockdown on adolescent girls' and women's access to sanitary pads in India. We have used the National Health Mission's Health Management Information System (NHM‐HMIS) data for the study, which provides data on pads' distribution on a district level. The empirical strategy used in the study exploits the variation of districts into red, orange, and green zones as announced by the Indian Government. To understand how lockdown severity impacts access to sanitary pads, we used a difference‐in‐difference (DID) empirical strategy to study sanitary pads' access in red and orange zones compared to green zones. We find clear evidence of the impact of lockdown intensity on the provision of sanitary pads, with districts with the strictest lockdown restrictions suffering the most. Our study highlights how sanitary pads distribution was overlooked during the pandemic, leaving girls and women vulnerable to managing their menstrual needs. Thus, there is a requirement for strong policy to focus on the need to keep sanitary pads as part of the essential goods to ensure the needs of the girls and women are met even in the midst of a pandemic, central to an inclusive response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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19. Baseline findings of a multicentric ambispective cohort study (2021–2022) among hospitalised mucormycosis patients in India.
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Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Ponnaiah, Manickam, Bhatnagar, Tarun, S, Devika, Rozario, Amanda G.A, K, Gayathri, Mohan, Malu, E, Michaelraj, Saravanakumar, Divya, Moorthy, Aditya, Tyagi, Amit Kumar, Parmar, Bhagirathsinh D, Devaraja, K, Medikeri, Gaurav, Ojah, Jutika, Srivastava, Kajal, K, Karthikeyan, Das, Nandini, B, Niharika, and Sharma, Parul
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MUCORMYCOSIS , *COHORT analysis , *AMPHOTERICIN B , *ENDOSCOPIC surgery , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
In India, the incidence of mucormycosis reached high levels during 2021–2022, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to this, we established a multicentric ambispective cohort of patients hospitalised with mucormycosis across India. In this paper, we report their baseline profile, clinical characteristics and outcomes at discharge. Patients hospitalized for mucormycosis during March–July 2021 were included. Mucormycosis was diagnosed based on mycological confirmation on direct microscopy (KOH/Calcofluor white stain), culture, histopathology, or supportive evidence from endoscopy or imaging. After consent, trained data collectors used medical records and telephonic interviews to capture data in a pre-tested structured questionnaire. At baseline, we recruited 686 patients from 26 study hospitals, of whom 72.3% were males, 78% had a prior history of diabetes, 53.2% had a history of corticosteroid treatment, and 80% were associated with COVID-19. Pain, numbness or swelling of the face were the commonest symptoms (73.3%). Liposomal Amphotericin B was the commonest drug formulation used (67.1%), and endoscopic sinus surgery was the most common surgical procedure (73.6%). At discharge, the disease was stable in 43.3%, in regression for 29.9% but 9.6% died during hospitalization. Among survivors, commonly reported disabilities included facial disfigurement (18.4%) and difficulties in chewing/swallowing (17.8%). Though the risk of mortality was only 1 in 10, the disability due to the disease was very high. This cohort study could enhance our understanding of the disease's clinical progression and help frame standard treatment guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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20. Locating Migrants Within Informal Workers' Organizing in India: Has COVID-19 Changed Anything?
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Choudhary, Neetu and Thakur, Mihir
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EMPLOYEE rights , *COVID-19 pandemic , *MIGRANT labor , *STREET vendors , *IMMIGRANTS , *COVID-19 , *REMITTANCES , *LABOR mobility - Abstract
There is a rich narrative on the new dynamics of organizing among informal workers wherein citizenship claims rather labour rights become the basis for negotiation. However, putting citizenship claims at the centre puts migrants at a relative disadvantage. Migrants share their vulnerabilities with other informal workers, but they have additional disadvantages rooted in them being 'non-citizens'. Ironically, migrants are often treated in existing literature as an undifferentiated part of informal labour. Situated in the aftermath of COVID-19, this article locates migrant workers' vulnerability within their inability to organize as a unique group rather than just as trade-based associations of informal workers. Specifically, the paper asks; what explains the lack of organization among migrant workers? What is the role of trade unions in this regard? And, how has an NGO-led initiative during the outbreak of Covid-19, unfolded opportunities for migrant street vendors to organize? Based on a qualitative study using, primary data from two districts in India, it is found that migrants are occupationally designed to remain de-organized, whereas trade unions represent a case of moral hazard. In fact, part of this disadvantage persists because migrants' mobilization is yet to figure as a direct agenda of the trade unions. Alongside, a civil society organization, through iterative negotiations initiates a process that, though unintended, can address the citizenship question for migrants. This process mirrors the dynamics of alternative organizing. However, it also signifies that any claims to organize migrant workers must accommodate their distinct positioning within informal workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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21. Transcendental meditation, education, health and wellbeing: a spiritual approach.
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Bhattacharya, Monali and Gaur, Kamna
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ASSESSMENT of education , *COMPETENCY assessment (Law) , *MEDITATION , *WELL-being , *CULTURE , *SPIRITUALITY , *HEALTH status indicators , *HOLISTIC medicine , *COVID-19 pandemic , *CONSCIOUSNESS , *EDUCATIONAL outcomes - Abstract
This paper discusses the relevance and experience of Pure Consciousness through a technique called Transcendental Meditation (TM). It posits the idea that this technique of meditation can prove to be a useful spiritual tool during the current pandemic and talks about its effects on education, mental health, as well as physical health through a review of scientific studies on TM. It establishes the importance of Transcendental Meditation as a technique coming from a Vedic tradition for holistic growth. It further emphasizes the scientific validity of this technique to prove its practical relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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22. Emergency responses of Indian smart cities during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Mishra, Ajay Kumar, Mandadi, Meghana, Misra, Arun Kumar, and Kesharwani, Ankit
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COVID-19 pandemic , *EMERGENCY management , *SMART cities , *GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
This paper presents the current status of Indian smart cities and examines their preparedness and response to the COVID-19 outbreak. The study focuses on implemented & ongoing projects under the Smart City Mission of the Government of India, which have contributed significantly to controlling the pandemic along with other channels. The study finds that modern cities in both developed and developing countries were not well-prepared to deal with the emergency situations and struggled in providing a satisfactory response during the pandemic. The analysis of primary and secondary data has shown that digital surveillance and movement control through integrated control command centers (ICCC) were the most useful projects in monitoring the COVID-19 cases. However, the lack of technology integration in smart cities hinders the effective usage of implemented projects. Thus, the study recommends integrated network-based applications that include healthcare, essential services, mobility, and movement across smart cities in India. The proposed framework is expected to provide the much-needed alignment at the policy, objective, and implementation levels of smart city framework designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. A system modeling approach to simulate post-COVID-19 student intention to use online learning platforms.
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Vatsa, Ruchika and Bhatnagar, Purnima
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ONLINE education , *INTERNET access , *COVID-19 pandemic , *INTERNET service providers , *INTENTION - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to apply systems modeling to explore the usability of the online learning platform in the future compared to its usefulness during the pandemic era. Design/methodology/approach: The applied systems research methodology has been used to develop a stock-flow model encompassing enablers and constraints for learning platform usage from the primary data collected through a survey of 163 respondents. Findings: The model simulation observed promising trends over one year for online learning platforms provided the challenges are reduced in seven to eight months. Challenges linked to the Internet and interaction need must be removed for future usage. Research limitations/implications: The results of the survey and model simulation suggest actions for product planning and development of online learning platforms based on customer insights. Product customization and feature enhancement will be required for the continued usability of online learning products. Actions for Internet service providers are to capture the online learner market by removing issues of Internet access bandwidth, and quality of content. Also, there should be sufficient teacher–student interaction in the online learning mode. Originality/value: This is an original study using systems modeling to evaluate factors contributing to students' intention to use online learning conducted at Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University) Dayalbagh Agra, UP, India, 282005. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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24. Impact of BioFire FilmArray Multiplex PCR in the Detection of Microbial Agents causing Severe Acute Respiratory Infection in the COVID-19 Era: A Cross-sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India.
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MISHRA, MEENA, SHENDRE, POOJA, GADE, NEETA, SHETE, VISHAL, NAG, SOUMYABRATA, and DUTTA, S. M. VIBHA
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COVID-19 pandemic , *COVID-19 , *RESPIRATORY infections , *CORONAVIRUS diseases , *MYCOPLASMA pneumoniae infections , *TERTIARY care , *CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Introduction: Many viral and bacterial respiratory tract infections can present with respiratory signs and progress to complicated pneumonia. In the recent Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is crucial to test all Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) patients for other microbial infections in addition to COVID-19, enabling timely diagnosis and treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality. The automated system, BioFire FilmArray, utilises multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to rapidly detect and identify multiple respiratory pathogens, including selected Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) genes, within an hour. Aim: To detect bacterial and/or viral pathogens associated with hospitalised COVID-19-negative SARI patients using the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel (BFPP). Materials and Methods: This laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India, from June 2020 to February 2021. Respiratory samples, such as sputum, tracheal aspirate, Endotracheal (ET) secretions, and Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL), were collected from COVID-19-negative hospitalised SARI cases. A total of 81 patients were included in the study. The samples were tested using the BFPP (multiplex PCR) system and processed using conventional culture techniques. Patient characteristics, clinical and laboratory investigation data, and findings of respiratory viral and bacterial agents, as well as antibiotic resistance genes detected by BioFire FilmArray, were recorded using paper case reports. The data were collected and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Results: Out of the 81 clinical samples processed, the BFPP detected 168 bacterial and 18 viral pathogens. Bacterial-viral codetection was observed in 13 (16%) samples. Atypical bacteria were detected in 3% of cases. Among the bacterial pathogens, the AMR gene for New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamases (NDM) was detected in 42 (25.9%) cases, followed by CTX-M betalactamases, VIM, and the oxacillinase group of β-lactamases. Conclusion: The BFPP test is a valuable tool for the rapid detection of a wide range of pathogens, including associated AMR genes, with high sensitivity and specificity. This can greatly aid in treatment decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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25. Reviewing the affordability and adequacy of affordable housing in urban India: impact of the covid-19 pandemic.
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Agarwal, Shagun, Singh, Tribhuvan Pratap, and Bajaj, Deepak
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PILOT projects , *HOUSING stability , *CONSUMER attitudes , *GOVERNMENT policy , *COST analysis , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *HOUSING , *METROPOLITAN areas , *COVID-19 pandemic , *EVALUATION - Abstract
Purpose: Housing policies in India (last modified in 2017) define "affordable housing" on three main parameters – income of the target group, dwelling unit size and house price to income ratio. The Covid-19 pandemic has questioned the robustness of the defining parameters of affordable housing. This paper aims to study the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on housing affordability and adequacy for the urban poor and highlights how one pandemic has directly challenged the practicality of the affordable housing criteria in urban India. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on a pilot test conducted through interviews with the consumer group. Furthermore, the affordable housing policies of urban India were studied in conjunction with the pandemic guidelines laid down by the World Health Organization. The consumer responses were analyzed in relation to the policies and guidelines to arrive at the inferences. The secondary case examples of the Dharavi slums in Mumbai and the Savda Ghevra slum resettlement colony in Delhi, along with the findings of the primary survey in the economically weaker section category, are used to formulate the conclusions. Findings: The pilot test conducted for the target consumer group clearly indicates that (i) the pandemic has severely affected the housing purchase capacity of the target consumer, thereby questioning the "affordability" of housing; (ii) proposed housing solutions are inadequate to enable livability, thereby questioning the "adequacy" of housing; and (iii) proposed housing solutions are inept to accommodate pandemic protocols. The Covid-19 pandemic and the conditions it imposed on the built environment clearly highlight the inadequacy of affordable housing parameters being followed in urban India. Research limitations/implications: Further research may be conducted on global best practices in housing, which may advise the housing policies in India. Practical implications: The study suggests key areas that need intervention and modification to make the housing policies more robust and effective. Social implications: The study explores the social sustainability aspects of housing, which are often considered secondary in policies. Originality/value: Because housing has a direct bearing on the physical, social and mental well-being of society, it is imperative to find housing solutions that are safe and resilient for a sustainable future. This paper is an original attempt by the author to question and highlight how the current affordable housing solutions adopted in urban India will continue to fail under any external adverse conditions unless modifications are considered in the existing housing parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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26. Abusive behaviors: long-term forced quarantine and intimate partner violence during Covid-19 outbreak.
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Hosain, Md Sajjad and Jakia, Umma
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INTIMATE partner violence -- Law & legislation , *DISMISSAL of employees , *HEALTH policy , *MIDDLE-income countries , *INTERVIEWING , *UNCERTAINTY , *MEDICAL care , *INTIMATE partner violence , *RISK assessment , *CRIME victims , *EXPERIENCE , *SPOUSES , *INCOME , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *SOCIAL isolation , *SOCIAL security , *PUBLIC housing , *LOW-income countries , *CASE studies , *FINANCIAL stress , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *STAY-at-home orders , *COVID-19 pandemic , *POWER (Social sciences) ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
Purpose: As Covid-19 became a pandemic, numerous people were forced to stay at home, leading to increased intimate partner violence (IPV) in many countries, particularly in developing and least-developed ones. This paper aims to highlight the IPV based on 15 different cases formed from the practical evidence of five developing countries. Design/methodology/approach: The authors interviewed 15 women from five countries who were the victims of IPV during the early periods of Covid-19 outbreak. Due to geographical remoteness, the authors conducted informal telephone interviews to collect the participants' personal experiences. The conversations were recorded with participants' permission; afterwards, the authors summarized participants' experiences into 15 different cases without revealing their original identities (instead, disguised names were used). Findings: It was revealed that the women were the primary victims of such violence, particularly from their intimate partners (husbands). In most cases, such IPV, as reported by the interviewees, originated or increased after the pandemic when they were forced to stay at home, losing their partners' jobs or income sources. Originality/value: The authors summarized the causes of IPV and put forward a few action recommendations based on the interviewees' practical experience and existing literature. This paper will open a new window for research investigations on IPV during emergencies such as Covid-19 outbreak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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27. A study on FDI in India, Bangladesh and USA: A comparative analysis.
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Kaur, Amrit, Saluja, Aparna, Verma, Poonam, Kaur, Ravneet, and Sharma, Amit
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FOREIGN investments , *COVID-19 pandemic , *COMPARATIVE studies , *GOVERNMENT policy ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a powerful economic growth tool, particularly in today's global environment. The host nations try their best to create an appealing and advantageous investment climate for international investors in order to attract FDI inflows. Both developing countries i.e. India, Bangladesh and even developed economy like USA have dependency on FDI. All these three Bangladesh, USA and India have made significant efforts in recent years to attract FDI, offering a variety of lucrative incentives and benefits. Due to this covid pandemic there was some reduction in the trends of FDI inflows but eventually it again resumed momentum due to policies of the government. In this research paper we have tried to do the comparison between FDI inflows between these three countries and even tried to do the prediction for next 2 years. Statistical tools like Mean, Standard Deviation and CAGR have been used for this research paper. This paper also included the data of FDI inflows into these three countries for 6 years, top 10 countries' share in FDI inflows of these countries and some general comparison is also being done. This paper revealed that Mauritius is the top investor in India whereas in Bangladesh its China and in USA, its Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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28. Impacts of Covid-19 pandemic on life insurance business in India.
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Ahmad, Shakil and Saxena, Charu
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LIFE insurance , *COVID-19 pandemic , *BUSINESS insurance , *DISASTER insurance , *COVID-19 treatment - Abstract
Corona virus has turned into a disturbing pandemic for our earth. Without any appropriate medication and immunization for the treatment of COVID-19, the Indian government forced a lockdown from March 24, 2020 to keep away from local area transmission of Covid in people. Specialists have believed that the current situation will keep on existing for the present and is probably going to cause more passing's, negatively affecting the generally hopeless state of the economy, general wellbeing, and business; causing a lot of trouble among individuals intellectually and genuinely. It has influenced all areas of the economy, particularly in the Insurance area. Because of the wiping out of movements, occasions, and other financial misfortunes, the Indian life insurance industry saw a gigantic misfortune. The paper expects todistinguish the difficulties of the Indian life insurance area emerging from the Covid-19pandemic. The adverse consequence of the Covid-19 is expansive and fast, however the drawnout results might seem, by all accounts, to be positive for the disaster life insurance. In view ofwork area examination of currentinsurance news, data & reports, we sort the expected effect of the corona virus for the life coverage industry and infer some broad ends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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29. Work from home stress and its impact: A study with special reference to Covid 19.
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Priya, P. Krishna, Manasa, P., Varma, P. Mani, Karthik, S., and Krishna, Bala Manikanta Murali
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TELECOMMUTING , *COVID-19 , *COVID-19 pandemic , *DAY care centers , *FAMILY conflict - Abstract
The impact of the pandemic COVID 19, is being felt by the whole world and in all the facets of life. No single country or industry has been exempted from its affects. As per the WHO guidelines, social distancing was mandated and as a result lockdown was enforced in India for the sake of public wellbeing. None are certain about how long the pandemic impact will last on the global economy. Though work from home is not new to the IT sector, it is a very new thing for a lot many organizations which never had been a part of their culture. With the closure of schools and day care centers, working parents are encountering unprecedented situations which are resulting in stress. With all types of employees working in an entirely new environment, this paper attempts to identify if the job role and family are conflicting with each other while working at home and if the wide usage of ICT is resulting in stress. It also tries to identify whether the stress caused due to work family conflict and family work conflict is showing any influence on productivity of the employee during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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30. Response to the COVID-19 pandemic: Physics teaching in India.
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Madhurima, V., Ramaswamy, Ram, Chari, Deepa, Nanal, Vandana, and Saha-Dasgupta, Tanushri
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COVID-19 pandemic , *DIGITAL divide , *PHYSICS , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *ONLINE education - Abstract
When academic institutions in India closed abruptly in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, formal education moved online. This transition had a very uneven impact given the significant digital divide between rural and urban India and the unequal distribution of digital resources in different institutions. Access to resources varied substantially by individual, based on socioeconomic factors as well as gender. Institutional support to the academic community during this critical period was largely inadequate, which has had serious consequences on the teaching of physics and other subjects that require laboratory instruction. Educational institutions also provide safe and enabling learning spaces for women students; reduced access to such facilities undermined the work-and study-related dynamics for women because of the scarcity of resources such as devices, data and time. This paper reports on efforts made towards understanding such challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, and describes steps that were taken to address them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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31. Call for Papers, Special Issue: Life, after Life: Textile Crafts in India and Communities of Practice.
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Chatterjee, Anuradha
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TEXTILE arts , *COMMUNITIES of practice , *COVID-19 pandemic , *GLOBAL Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 , *MICROBREWERIES - Published
- 2020
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32. Social media impact on cyber crime during Covid-19.
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Sangle, Bhagyalaxmi and Kulkarni, Apoorva
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COVID-19 pandemic , *SOCIAL impact , *COMPUTER crimes , *SOCIAL media , *FRAUD , *SOCIAL distancing - Abstract
The Covid-19 has had heavily affected the global economy making several countries to a standstill. During this crisis, many people have started making use of social media platforms as a method of practicing social distancing. With this thing said, it is just the right environment for cyber attackers to conduct fraud by taking advantage of people's fear and widespread panic. This paper examines the different types of cyber-attacks conducted during this pandemic in India, with an increased time spent on social media by misleading people into releasing sensitive personal information. The paper also discusses the level of cybercrime awareness among the Indian citizens and preventive measures taken by them, which has become of utmost importance during this pandemic. Further, the research focuses on the statistical analysis, which is conducting by considering the hypothesis for the interdependence between the preventive steps taken, total duration utilized on the social platform, and the likelihood of online victimization. Additionally, future work related to the paper will determine the changes in the number of cybercrimes post Covid-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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33. Crisis as Opportunity: The Politics of 'Seva' and the Hindu Nationalist Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kerala, South India.
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Paleri, Dayal
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COVID-19 pandemic , *POOR communities , *SOCIAL services , *RELIGIOUS groups , *SOCIAL marginality , *HINDUS - Abstract
The paper examines how Hindu nationalist social service organizations, specifically the Deseeya Seva Bharathi (DSB), reconfigured the religious conception of 'Seva' to advance the project of constructing a Hindu social identity during the COVID-19 pandemic in the state of Kerala. The southern Indian state of Kerala has remained an exception in the story of the rise of the Hindu nationalist movement in contemporary India, which has repeatedly failed to make any considerable political inroads in the state. However, the disastrous economic consequences and livelihood challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic in the state, which was heavily dependent on foreign remittance and service industries, have opened up new spaces of engagement for Hindu nationalists. Drawing on the fieldwork conducted in central Kerala during the pandemic, this paper will elaborate on how the DSB used the crisis moment of the pandemic to reach out to economically and socially disadvantaged communities using the language of 'Seva' to build a Hindu social identity, which imbues the influence of majoritarian Hindu nationalist politics. The paper argues that the DSB's articulation of 'Seva' as a distinct and superior form of social service that is 'self-less', 'non-instrumental' and 'non-reciprocal' is significant in understanding the growing appeal of Hindu nationalist social service in the contested political sphere of Kerala, which is marked by competing social provisions by the state as well as other secular and religious groups. The paper notes that the reconfiguration of 'Seva' as a continuous religious concept enables Hindu nationalists to attain greater acceptance and legitimacy that even the secular state welfare could not achieve, while also concealing the inherent instrumental nature of its social service towards the construction of a Hindu social identity in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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34. Do women on boards enhance firm performance? Evidence from top Indian companies.
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Chatterjee, Chanchal and Nag, Tirthankar
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RETURN on assets , *ORGANIZATIONAL performance , *GENDER nonconformity , *COVID-19 pandemic , *BUSINESS revenue , *FIXED effects model , *WOMEN executives , *PROMOTERS - Abstract
This paper examines whether gender diversity (GD) on corporate boards influences financial performance (FP) of Indian firms using System Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) methods by considering panel data of 364 firms during 2017 to 2021, comprising of 1820 firm-year observations. The study reveals that the mere presence of a woman director (WD) on boards makes no difference in financial performance. Presence of WDs as a significant portion of the boards and their active roles in the functioning and governance of companies positively contribute to firms' financial performances and economic value creation. Regarding other governance parameters, the study shows that larger boards do not necessarily improve firm performance. Also, independent directors do not necessarily add value to corporate performance and value creation. While a higher promoter's stake is an important factor for Indian companies to drive corporate performance, firms with separate CEO and chairperson outperform firms with CEO duality. The study also reveals that the covid 19 pandemic has negatively influenced the financial performance and economic profit generation of the Indian firms. This study is important for several reasons. First, this study considers the period (2017–2021) when Indian companies adopted new financial reporting practices (IND-AS) in line with International Financial Reporting System (IFRS), the mandatory quota system of women directors' appointment is implemented and new corporate governance norms are implemented. Hence, our study contributes to the literature by proving meaningful insights on the role of gender diversity and other corporate governance parameters on financial performance of Indian firms in the light of newly adopted accounting and financial reporting practices. Second, few previous India based studies have mostly used pooled OLS or fixed effect models, and did not address the endogeneity problem in different forms like Dynamic Endogeneity, Simultaneity, and Unobserved Heterogeneity. This paper addresses the endogeneity problem appropriately by using the system generalized method of moments (GMM) while modelling the relation between WDs and firms' FP. Therefore, the findings of this study are more reliable and unbiased and can be useful for effective policy making on gender diversity and corporate governance issues. Third, few prior studies which have looked into the role of WDs on FP of Indian firms, have mostly used return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and Tobin's Q as performance parameters. Here, in addition to ROA, ROE and Tobin's Q, we also use economic value added (EVA) as indicators of corporate performance to understand the role of WDs on economic value creation for companies. The EVA is considered as modern technique to measure the economic profit earned by a firm, and it has gained huge popularity among companies as an improved technique for measuring financial performance for companies. To the best of our knowledge, the role of WDs on economic value creation by firms has not been investigated before particularly in the Indian context. This is another unique contribution of this study. Fourth, the Covid 19 pandemic had impacted global economy severely and India was no exception. Financial performances of most Indian firms were negatively impacted due to the nationwide lockdown and uncertainties about production, revenue and earnings. This study considers both the pre and post Covid 19 pandemic period in examining our central research question using a year dummy. Therefore, our study also captures whether the covid 19 pandemic has actually impacted the financial performance of Indian firms, while modelling this relation. This is another valuable and unique contribution of this study to the literature. The findings of this study provide an understanding of how board gender diversity and other governance parameters influence financial performance of Indian firms in an emerging market context. The outcomes are also explained and aligned with the relevant policy implications in the light of recent Indian corporate governance norms and policies. These findings are useful to the companies and policymakers, as they can use these findings while designing effective boards, which can be useful in improving firm performance. Board of directors, investors, regulators, and policymakers can effectively use these findings to understand how gender diverse boards and other corporate governance parameters influence firms' financial performance under the concentrated ownership pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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35. COVID-19, Personal Data Protection and Privacy in India.
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Dar, Mohamad Ayub and Wani, Shahnawaz Ahmad
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DATA privacy , *DATA protection , *COVID-19 pandemic , *COVID-19 , *RIGHT of privacy - Abstract
The corona pandemic altered many traditional and historical norms of society and law. COVID-19 created a humanitarian crisis in some parts of globe, while pandemic privacy and civil liberties were under threat all over world. To combat the deadly virus, individual liberty and equality were compromised. This paper focuses on how India's health problem has compromised people's right to privacy. It will highlight how strict executive policies led to the creation of a massive surveillance system in the name of combating the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as how the absence of any policy or legal framework led to the exclusion of individuals and their families who were suspected of having the virus or caring for those who were infected with the deadly virus. The paper uses case studies and data collected from primary as well as secondary sources. The authors will also point out how the absence of privacy regulation puts millions of citizens' private information at risk of being compromised or exploited against their will. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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36. Empowering nurses: exploring self-managed organizations in Indian healthcare.
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Malik, Elham and Shankar, Shail
- Subjects
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HOME care services , *NURSES , *HOME nursing , *WORK , *SELF-efficacy , *DECENTRALIZATION in management , *DATA analysis , *INTERVIEWING , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ORGANIZATIONAL structure , *SOUND recordings , *THEMATIC analysis , *JOB satisfaction , *NURSES' attitudes , *RESEARCH methodology , *GROUNDED theory , *STAKEHOLDER analysis , *PATIENT satisfaction , *MANAGEMENT , *EXPERIENTIAL learning , *PATIENTS' attitudes , *COVID-19 pandemic ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Background: Given India's high patient load on the existing healthcare setup, as well as political, social, and organizational challenges, the nursing sector is facing various problems, therefore leading to substandard nursing experiences leading to poor patient care at the parallel healthcare setups, specifically homecare. This paper presents self-managed organizations (SMOs) characterized by a horizontal management structure as an effective alternative to existing hierarchical management structures overladen with bureaucracy. Therefore, we are exploring the strategies at self-managed homecare organizations that can make nursing a better and more productive experience. Method: This study utilized Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT), employing semi-structured interviews to explore nursing dynamics in horizontal organizational structures. It delved into crucial aspects like finances, organizational structure, value systems, information flow, and conflict resolution within SMOs. The methodology involved theoretical sampling, prioritizing expert self-management knowledge over mere representativeness. Seven nurses, twelve management members, and fifteen patients from self-managed homecare organizations contributed to the examination of nursing experiences. Constant comparative analysis of data led to the identification of the Qualitative Success Enablers (QSEs), revealing three themes: Insightfulness, Enhancing Nursing Experience through Job Enrichment, and Autonomy-Enabled Intrapreneurship. Results: The findings indicate that the horizontal management structure represented by the studied organization in India has shown considerable success in times laden with uncertainties during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially during the delta wave, which revealed the frailty of existing healthcare infrastructure. The organization successfully maintained a better nursing experience and gained patient and employee satisfaction, as revealed by in-depth semi-structured interviews and constant comparative analysis. Conclusion: In a world of unique challenges, we stand on the brink of significant transformations. SMOs are vital in India's homecare sector for enhancing nursing experiences and overall organizational performance. Fostering a trust-based environment within SMOs is integral to delivering effective services. The autonomy to design nursing jobs, insightfulness, and innovativeness in the nursing job through suitable training activities, various job enrichment methods, and finding meaningfulness in a job through softer aspects of caregiving result in an enhanced nursing experience at SMOs. This groundbreaking approach can be extended to other homecare organizations in India, relieving the strain on the existing healthcare system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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37. The rise of India's global health diplomacy amid COVID-19 pandemic.
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Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Singh, Bawa, Kajal, Fnu, Chatla, Chakrapani, Chattu, Soosanna Kumary, Pattanshetty, Sanjay, and Reddy, K. Srikanth
- Subjects
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INTERNATIONAL relations , *WORLD health , *VACCINE development , *HEALTH equity , *HEALTH promotion , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of global health diplomacy (GHD), with India emerging as a key player. India's commitment to GHD is demonstrated by its active participation in regional and multilateral projects, pharmaceutical expertise, and large-scale manufacturing capabilities, which include the production and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines and essential medicines. India has supported nations in need through bilateral and multilateral platforms, providing vaccines to countries experiencing shortages and offering technical assistance and capacity-building programs to improve healthcare infrastructure and response capabilities. India's unique approach to GHD, rooted in humanitarian diplomacy, emphasized collaboration and empathy and stressed the well-being of humanity by embracing the philosophy of "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam," which translates to "the world is one family." Against this background, this paper's main focus is to analyze the rise of India's GHD amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and its leadership in addressing various global challenges. India has demonstrated its commitment to global solidarity by offering medical supplies, equipment, and expertise to more than 100 countries. India's rising global leadership can be attributed to its proactive approach, humanitarian diplomacy, and significant contributions to global health initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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38. Syndemic effect of COVID-19 outbreak on HIV care delivery around the globe: A systematic review using narrative synthesis.
- Author
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Chakrabarti, Rohini, Agasty, Debdutta, Majumdar, Agniva, Talukdar, Rounik, Bhatta, Mihir, Biswas, Subrata, and Dutta, Shanta
- Subjects
- *
HIV infections , *HIV-positive persons , *ONLINE information services , *COUNSELING , *HEALTH services accessibility , *SYNDEMICS , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *SOCIAL change , *MEDICAL care , *WORLD health , *PUBLIC health , *QUALITY assurance , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *MEDLINE , *COVID-19 pandemic , *AIDS - Abstract
Background: The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare systems worldwide has been compromising the progress made in the fight against HIV. This paper aims to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted HIV comprehensive care service delivery globally as well as to consolidate the evidence and recommendations that may be useful in averting future crisis. Methods: This review adheres to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, DOAJ, Science Direct and other sources like Google Scholar and citations from included studies were searched methodically to locate studies evaluating the effects of COVID on services for HIV care. The NIH and JBI quality assessment tools were used for the quality assessment of individual studies. Results: In the present review 31 eligible studies were included and the impact on HIV care cascade were summarised under six themes: Lab services, Treatment and allied services, Counselling services, Outreach services, Psycho-social impact and Implementation of sustainable strategies. The studies also presented many innovative alternatives which were lucidly highlighted in the present article. Conclusion: Current evidence depicts multiple factors are responsible for the interruption of HIV care service delivery during the pandemic, especially in low resources settings. The prospective, alternative solutions that have been used to circumvent the threat have also been addressed in this review, in addition to the negative aspects that have been observed. Transition with new innovative, sustainable care paradigms may prove to be the building blocks in removing HIV-AIDS as a public health threat. Registration: Open Science Framework (DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/74GHM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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39. A stochastic SIRD model with imperfect immunity for the evaluation of epidemics.
- Author
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Papageorgiou, Vasileios E. and Tsaklidis, George
- Subjects
- *
EPIDEMICS , *STOCHASTIC models , *SOCIOECONOMIC disparities in health , *COVID-19 pandemic , *INTENSIVE care units , *MARKOV processes - Abstract
• A new stochastic SIRD model with imperfect immunity based on a continuous time Markov process is proposed. • We explore novel stochastic properties like the extinction and alarm time beside the infection and mortality time of a tagged case. • Theorems and recursive algorithms for the computation of the stochastic properties are presented. • An extensive sensitivity analysis reveals monotonous and unimodal tendencies for the considered stochastic indicators. • Health authorities can employ this information to achieve the best balance between health benefits and economic drawbacks. Efficient assessment of epidemic phenomena has an important role in modern epidemiology, while many novel methods propose reliable estimates for epidemic evolution in a population. In this paper, we focus on the stochastic modeling of a novel epidemiological (susceptible-infected-recovered-deceased) SIRD model with imperfect immunity based on a continuous-time Markov process adapted to the characteristics of the epidemic model. We investigate several novel stochastic properties of the SIRD scheme that are both population- and individual-oriented, such as the extinction and alert time of an epidemic, in parallel with the infection and mortality times of a tagged individual. We provide propositions and detailed recursive algorithms for computing probabilities and moments, giving additional information beyond the mean and variance of the stochastic quantities. Important remarks for representing higher-order matrices and system solving are provided, decreasing significantly the operation time of these algorithms. Extensive sensitivity analysis gives light to the influence of the system's parameters, while enhancing the validity of our methodology. Unlike other analyses that focus mainly on fitting the evolution of various diseases, our goal is to complement these studies by highlighting additional noteworthy features that determine an epidemic's future. The proposed methodology is applied on the monkeypox outbreak of 2022 in India and the first COVID infection wave in Barbados. Finally, public health authorities can use the information provided by these indicators to adjust the duration of lockdowns, accordingly, achieving the best possible balance between health benefits and economic disadvantages. Simultaneously, knowledge of mortality probabilities and timing of infection can support early coordination of hospitals and intensive care units, which could notably reduce the high risk of mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. "I Don't Want to Have the Time When I Do Nothing": Aging and Reconfigured Leisure Practices During the Pandemic.
- Author
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Tripathi, Ashwin and Samanta, Tannistha
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LEISURE , *SOCIAL participation , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) , *TIME , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *SELF-management (Psychology) , *SOCIAL norms , *RESEARCH methodology , *AGE distribution , *PLEASURE , *INTERVIEWING , *RECREATION , *LIFE , *DIARY (Literary form) , *SEX distribution , *SOCIAL classes , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *HINDUISM , *TELEVISION , *METROPOLITAN areas , *THEMATIC analysis , *STATISTICAL sampling , *JUDGMENT sampling , *HOBBIES , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
In this paper, we contend that urban middle-class older Indians engaged in "serious leisure" as a way to reimagine and reconfigure the structure of everyday life during the pandemic-led epochal downtime. In particular, we heuristically show that leisure activity patterns and constraint negotiation strategies among older Indians followed conceptual semblances with the dominant leisure-based typology of Serious Leisure Perspective. By thematically analysing household surveys (n = 71), time-use diaries and in-depth interviews (n = 15) of middle to upper middle-class individuals (55–80 years), we show how both men and women distinguished between serious leisure that is marked by motivation, agency and perseverance with that of unstructured, routinized free-time (or causal leisure). Time-use diaries suggested that despite the changed realities of heightened domestic time available to both genders due to the pandemic, women recorded higher proportion of their daily hours in household management and caregiving. Although women were governed by moral-cultural self-descriptions in their engagement with leisure, it was often associated with an enhanced sense of self-actualisation, self-management and identity. Overall, we show how the social codes of age and gender were inextricably linked with the practice of leisure during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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41. Enhancing social capital and reciprocity through community news media during COVID-19: a study of video volunteers.
- Author
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Govindarajan, Gyanesh, Geetha, K.A., Patra, Santosh K., and Sreekumar, T.T.
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COVID-19 pandemic , *LOCAL mass media , *SOCIAL capital , *CITIZEN journalism , *VOLUNTEERS , *VIRTUAL communities - Abstract
Purpose: This article attempts to highlight the defining role that community media engagements play during times of the pandemic. It is argued that the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic forced community news media houses to reinvent their news reporting practices to cover issues pertaining to the marginalized and underprivileged sections of the society. It explores the role of community media in engaging and empowering the citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: Central to our study is the analysis of the news model of "Video Volunteers" (henceforth VV), an independent community-based online news platform based in India. To understand the level of citizen participation and engagement in the making and dissemination of news during the pandemic, the authors conducted 13 interviews with different stakeholders of VV, including founders and news audiences. Findings: It seeks to reveal that when the mainstream media have failed to represent the issues of a local community, it is the independent media platforms like VV which function as a veritable source of information and sharing of knowledge. Most importantly, this paper emphasizes that the communicative model of independent community-based online platforms has been most successful in the coverage of the pandemic and the level of engagement with the citizenry. Originality/value: The study contributes to the aspects of reciprocity and collaborative journalism in community news media and its potential impacts on news creation and dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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42. Determinants of Participation in India's Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in Three Southern States.
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Jatav, Manoj and Nair, Jyoti
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COVID-19 pandemic , *SOCIAL services , *SOCIAL security , *PARTICIPATION , *EMPLOYMENT , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors - Abstract
This paper examines socioeconomic, demographic, and geographical factors determining individuals' participation in India's biggest flagship social security program, that is, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), across three southern states. Logistic regression estimates suggest that MGNREGS has benefited the marginalized rural households belonging to the most backward castes. The adverse effects of climate and the ongoing Covid pandemic would have been more critical without the existence of MGNREGS. We recommend wide-scale implementation of the MGNREGS, particularly for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, women, and those living in an uncertain climate with less access to land and irrigational facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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43. TRADE IMPLICATIONS ON ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS (APIS) DUE TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND INDIA CHINA ALTERCATION.
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Lodh, Rishab and Dey, Oindrila
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COVID-19 pandemic , *UNSKILLED labor , *GENERIC drugs , *COVID-19 treatment , *EMPLOYMENT statistics - Abstract
India's pharmaceutical sector has been one of the largest manufacturers of generic drugs globally. During the pandemic, most countries were dependent on imports of generic drugs from India. However, India has been relying on resources from China for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) which are the raw material for preparing generic drugs. We considered, in our analysis, branded product groups of Paracetamol and Amoxicillin due to their extensive use in the treatment of COVID-19. From a thorough market analysis of both the drugs, we conclude that firms have a monopoly over their brands but compete within the same product group and operate in their respective market under varying prices within certain bandwidths which resembles the feature of monopolistic competitive market. We have introduced compensating function a la Helpman (1981) in the pharmaceutical goods market with the assumption that an 'ideal product' exists among the pharmaceutical goods. Given the framework, this paper explores a general equilibrium model set in a monopolistic competitive product market for branded drugs. We concluded through our propositions that expanding the pharmaceutical sector will increase the employment of unskilled labor under no capacity constraint. We will observe an increase in wages of unskilled labor only under full employment conditions wherein we would observe that the expansion of pharmaceutical good will increase wages in the unskilled labor market. However we obtain an intriguing result wherein we obtain that despite instances of limiting trade dependence on China through implementation of policies like 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat' and 'profit linked incentive schemes', yet to maintain the status quo in the global market for generic drugs, India's dependence on China would increase, owing to API imports due to the pandemic crisis. While India can grab the opportunity in the form of increased demand for pharmaceutical goods to increase the employment level of the economy but this improvement in welfare is also dependent on the degree of dependency of API India has on China. The Indian government has recognized the same through the incorporation of 'Covid-Suraksha' and PLI schemes to minimize import dependency, and accelerate the development of APIs and the production of indigenous drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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44. Legal Responses to Violence against Medicare Service Persons and Institutions during COVID-19 Pandemic in India.
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Nomani, M. Z. M., Mulki, Hekmatullah, Niazy, Merwais, Nusrati, Nasir Ahmad, Wani, Mohd. Yasin, and Samdani, Abdullah
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MEDICAL personnel , *COVID-19 pandemic , *HEALTH facilities , *VIOLENCE against medical personnel , *PHYSICIANS , *PUBLIC health personnel - Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and virility of the violence against medical personnel have been parallel phenomena in Indian public health administration. The safety and security medical and paramedical have been attracting attention for quite a long time. Still, no central legislation has piloted to enhance their therapeutic and surgical acumen in epidemics and pandemics. The health care of the patients and the covenant of Medicare service persons and institutions doctors missed in the myopic perception of the health administration's tilt towards the criminal administration of justice. Method: The clasping of 125 years of age epidemic control law and 162 years of age criminal statute stinks the Indian feel in the present context. Result: The significant outcome of the COVID-19 pandemic is showcased in the Epidemic Diseases (Amendment) Ordinance, 2020, ensuring harassment-free workplaces for the medical fraternity. The criminal sanction afforded by the 23 state enactments on the protection of medical care personnel and institutions in states in India, but there is no central legislation. Despite the Indian Medical Association's recommendation for the Protection of Medical Service Persons and Medical Service Institutions (Prevention of Violence and Damage or Loss of Property) Act, 2017, we witnessed Epidemic Diseases (Amendment) Ordinance, 2020 in enhancing the robust workplace for the doctors during the pandemic. The legal strategy camouflaging 'disaster' under Section 2 (d) of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 in pandemic and lockdown is sobering but astonishing. Conclusion: The paper locates the legal response to violence against the doctors in the sociology of medicine and medical professions as professional socialization and social system during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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45. The impacts of chatbots on customer experience during the Covid-19 pandemic in India.
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Arya, Arpit, Joshi, Sujata, Mahdawi, Raghda Salam Al., and Alkhayyat, Ahmed
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COVID-19 pandemic , *CUSTOMER experience , *CHATBOTS , *COVID-19 , *CUSTOMER loyalty , *CUSTOMER relations - Abstract
Covid-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc worldwide in recent months, due to which many countries including India went under lockdown causing a decrease in customer engagement. Many companies have turned to AI tools such as chatbots to improve customer experience by handling customer queries to cope with this situation. Nowadays, it has become imperative for businesses to enhance their customer experience by adopting new technologies such as chatbots that help companies answer customers' simple queries. A good customer experience ensures a positive brand image and customer loyalty. However, there is currently a lack of knowledge regarding the impacts of chatbots on customer experience during covid-19. Objective: The objective of this Research paper is to investigate the impacts of chatbots on customer experience during Covid 19 in India. Research Methodology: Primary data was collected from 104 respondents using a structured questionnaire to gather information regarding customer experience. Data were analyzed using suitable statistical techniques. Implications of the study: The research conclusion was to identify the impacts of chatbots on customer experience and help organizations to tailor effective and efficient chatbots for their businesses to maximize customer experience and satisfaction. Originality: Very few studies have been done in this area to help analyze how companies are trying to enhance customer experience during covid-19 in India by adopting technological means such as Chatbots. This research is to understand the customer perspective towards the perceived experience of chatbots during the covid pandemic in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
- Full Text
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46. The impacts of chatbots on customer experience during the Covid-19 pandemic in India.
- Author
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Arya, Arpit, Joshi, Sujata, Mahdawi, Raghda Salam Al., and Alkhayyat, Ahmed
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- *
COVID-19 pandemic , *CUSTOMER experience , *CHATBOTS , *COVID-19 , *CUSTOMER loyalty , *CUSTOMER relations - Abstract
Covid-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc worldwide in recent months, due to which many countries including India went under lockdown causing a decrease in customer engagement. Many companies have turned to AI tools such as chatbots to improve customer experience by handling customer queries to cope with this situation. Nowadays, it has become imperative for businesses to enhance their customer experience by adopting new technologies such as chatbots that help companies answer customers' simple queries. A good customer experience ensures a positive brand image and customer loyalty. However, there is currently a lack of knowledge regarding the impacts of chatbots on customer experience during covid-19. Objective: The objective of this Research paper is to investigate the impacts of chatbots on customer experience during Covid 19 in India. Research Methodology: Primary data was collected from 104 respondents using a structured questionnaire to gather information regarding customer experience. Data were analyzed using suitable statistical techniques. Implications of the study: The research conclusion was to identify the impacts of chatbots on customer experience and help organizations to tailor effective and efficient chatbots for their businesses to maximize customer experience and satisfaction. Originality: Very few studies have been done in this area to help analyze how companies are trying to enhance customer experience during covid-19 in India by adopting technological means such as Chatbots. This research is to understand the customer perspective towards the perceived experience of chatbots during the covid pandemic in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Prediction of Covid-19 infected cases in India using time series model.
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Yadav, Rakesh and Singh, Kuldeep
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COVID-19 pandemic , *PUBLIC health officers , *MOVING average process , *TIME management , *INFECTION control - Abstract
The weighty increase in the daily COVID-19 infected cases around us is frightening, and many researchers are currently working on various mathematics-based estimation models to predict the subsequent trend of this pandemic. In this paper, some trajectories of COVID-19 in. India are predicted using data available in public domain. We employed a time series model called Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average Model to make forecast the daily number of infected cases of COVID-19 in.near future. Our analysis predicted very alarming outcomes. A set of intense preventive measures are proposed to avoid such a deadly situation. Based on our estimations, Indian health officials should adapt warmongering interference to grasp the stepped-up growth, and cursory infection control actions at hospital levels are immediately needed to downsize the COVID-19 pandemic. If stringent precautionary measures are not implemented by Indian government to control the spread of COVID-19, then the effects may be worsened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
- Full Text
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48. Technology driven studies in higher education: A hands-on study on students' perspective towards online studies amid COVID-19 outbreak.
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Dhyani, Ashish, Pandey, R. C., Lal, Sunil, and Dhyani, Archana
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STUDENT attitudes , *COVID-19 pandemic , *HIGHER education , *ONLINE education , *TEACHING methods , *INTERNET in education - Abstract
The paper traces as the prime objective, the students' perspective towards online studies amid COVID-19 pandemic outbreak which has turn out to be of utmost importance due to increased demand to opt for online learning as the only method of teaching and learning. It must also be addressed that the future of online learning is more promising and challenging as well. Overall rating for the acceptance towards online sessions, comfort level of students, ease of classes, access to and submission of the assignments and assessments, delivery of faculties, level of infrastructure available, existing technologies and internet connectivity of the students were recorded. Data was collected from the students of Department of Hospitality Management of a renowned deemed to be university in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India through questionnaire over eight weeks lockdown period through 84 respondents between April and May 2021. The sample was made up of the undergraduate students. The paper shares a conceptual framework of Students' Perspective towards Online Studies amid COVID-19 Outbreak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
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49. Online education system in the age of pandemics: A statistical analysis of current Covid-19 to the teaching and learning pedagogies in India.
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Sharma, Shamneesh, Manuja, Manoj, Bali, Purnima, Bali, Sujata, and Sharma, Chetan
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ONLINE education , *COVID-19 pandemic , *COVID-19 , *SOCIAL distancing , *COMPUTER engineering - Abstract
Over one billion students from 150 countries are impacted due to the COVID-19 driven lockdown and educational institution closure as per the report shared by UNESCO. Innumerous efforts have been put up by the Governments of every country to control the impact of the COVID-19 but unfortunately, there is no vaccine available till now so social distancing is the only way to have an upper hand on it. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the educational systems worldwide and led to the widespread closures of Educational Institutions across the globe. Numerous educational reformers have long-held out the expectation that information and computer technologies (ICTs) will play a crucial and integral role in bringing the long-needed revolution to teaching and learning pedagogies. The situation which took place due to COVID-19, the Online Education Systems and Platforms (OESP) are playing an important role to continue with the teaching processes in the educational institutions during the worldwide closure. Statistical analysis of the covid situation on the teaching-learning process has been depicted in this paper. The present paper focuses on the change of action in the education system and the exponential growth that happened in the Online Education Segment in the 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
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50. How do we pay back? Women health workers and the COVID-19 pandemic in India.
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Sathi, Sreerekha
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WOMEN employees , *WOMEN'S rights , *WOMEN'S health , *COVID-19 pandemic , *INDIAN women (Asians) , *SOCIAL workers - Abstract
This paper looks at the experiences, vulnerabilities and contributions of women health workers during Covid 19 pandemic in India. It elaborates upon their everyday struggles and issues including incidences of violence against them, poor wages, temporariness of their jobs and other labour rights. The paper further discusses the transitioning characteristics of women health workers in the context of corporate globalization in India. The paper offers a critical reading of health worker's rights from a feminist perspective and raises the challenges and opportunities the pandemic provides in rethinking the role of women health workers in India and women welfare workers in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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