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Crises constitute ideal opportunities for authoritarian leaders to promote certain narratives, shaping reality in their favor and crafting their own preferred storylines about current events. In other words: they serve authoritarian leaders on a silver platter the opportunity to instrumentalize these unforeseen circumstances to gain domestic political legitimacy by promoting strategic narratives. The COVID-19 pandemic was no exception in this regard. Ever since its onset in early 2020, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was among the most active actors worldwide seeking to capitalize on the global crisis for legitimation purposes. Whether applying narratives of governance supremacy, portraying the People's Republic of China as a "global savior," or promoting emotionally appealing nationalistic narratives, the regime used the pandemic as a window of opportunity to rebrand its international role and enhance its domestic legitimacy. When observing the CCP's communication style over the course of 24 pandemic months (2020–2022), however, major shifts become apparent regarding the main narratives crafted in communication with national audiences. Based on this, the paper focuses on the role of such narratives for legitimation claims. Using exemplary media articles collected between the outbreak of the pandemic in China in late 2019 until the harsh Shanghai lockdown in spring 2022, it thus traces the narratives employed by Chinese state elites and explores how they are intertwined with nationalism and broader power claims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of urbanization in China has contributed to traffic events, such as traffic accidents and delays. It is difficult to detect and resolve highway traffic congestion in a timely manner using traditional methods because they are slow, require a large number of workers, and require the installation of a large amount of monitoring equipment. Therefore, it is imperative to introduce advanced technology to address these challenges. Recently, deep learning technology has made significant breakthroughs and has been widely applied to various fields with satisfactory results. Deep learning is among the most important technologies for the detection and evaluation of traffic congestion, enabling the accurate detection of the state of the expressway network's traffic congestion, the evaluation of traffic congestion, and the prediction of possible traffic congestion. This enables management to formulate traffic dredging strategies in advance to prevent the negative impact of traffic congestion on normal traffic flow. This paper proposes a framework based on deep learning for next-generation highway traffic management. This framework selects traffic congestion indicators to construct an index model, and then constructs a deep learning model based on self-coding. It predicts and classifies highway traffic environment data and excavates sample data based on the characteristics of traffic parameters. As soon as traffic data were classified, a prediction model based on SoftMax was established to detect and predict highway traffic congestion. We conducted a traffic congestion analysis of the Shanghai expressway network based on the speed performance data obtained from the China Traffic Management Bureau. As a result of their research, we developed an index to measure highway traffic congestion. For traffic control and management organizations to function effectively, it is crucial to have an accurate and clear picture of traffic network operations. We evaluated the proposed framework using data gathered from highway monitoring scenes, and the results indicated that 98.6% of the data could be correctly detected. Using the prediction model based on SoftMax for expressway vehicles during peak hours, the accuracy was 92%, and the misjudgment rate was 8%. This study demonstrates that detecting and evaluating the state of highway traffic environments using deep learning has high accuracy, can be applied to actual highway traffic systems, and is extremely useful for detecting highway congestion. This framework is a promising solution for next-generation highway traffic management and provides accurate and timely traffic congestion detection and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's flower industry is developing rapidly, and the size of the retail market is increasing year by year. Studying the factors influencing residents' flower purchasing behavior and understanding their flower needs can help promote the sustainable development of the flower industry. Based on customer satisfaction theory, this paper uses 838 consumer research questionnaires from 15 districts in Shanghai to analyze the influence of customer satisfaction on residents' flower purchasing behavior by conducting a binary logit model and to investigate the moderating effect of flower purchasing purpose on the influence of satisfaction. The results show that price satisfaction and satisfaction with promotional methods have a significant negative effect on flower purchasing behavior, service satisfaction has a significant positive effect on purchasing behavior, and different customer purchase purposes lead to different intensities of the effect of satisfaction on purchasing behavior. According to the conclusion of the study, three countermeasures are proposed: to popularize the knowledge of flower culture, guide the concept of flower consumption, and promote the transformation of flower consumption to daily consumption; to conduct regular research on consumers by flower merchants to clarify consumers' needs and improve their satisfaction; to clarify consumers' purchase intention, increase the investment in the research and development and cultivation of flower products, and improve the supply level of flowers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's flower industry is developing rapidly, and the size of the retail market is increasing year by year. Studying the factors influencing residents' flower purchasing behavior and understanding their flower needs can help promote the sustainable development of the flower industry. Based on customer satisfaction theory, this paper uses 838 consumer research questionnaires from 15 districts in Shanghai to analyze the influence of customer satisfaction on residents' flower purchasing behavior by conducting a binary logit model and to investigate the moderating effect of flower purchasing purpose on the influence of satisfaction. The results show that price satisfaction and satisfaction with promotional methods have a significant negative effect on flower purchasing behavior, service satisfaction has a significant positive effect on purchasing behavior, and different customer purchase purposes lead to different intensities of the effect of satisfaction on purchasing behavior. According to the conclusion of the study, three countermeasures are proposed: to popularize the knowledge of flower culture, guide the concept of flower consumption, and promote the transformation of flower consumption to daily consumption; to conduct regular research on consumers by flower merchants to clarify consumers' needs and improve their satisfaction; to clarify consumers' purchase intention, increase the investment in the research and development and cultivation of flower products, and improve the supply level of flowers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the green efficiency performance of the logistics industry in China's 30 provinces from 2008 to 2017. We first evaluate the green efficiency of the logistics industry through the non-directional distance function method. Then, we use the functional clustering method funHDDC, which is one of the popular machine learning methods, to divide 30 provinces into 4 clusters and analyze the similarities and differences in green efficiency performance patterns among different groups. Further, we explore the driving factors of dynamic changes in green efficiency through the decomposition method. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) in general, the level of green efficiency is closely related to the geographical location. From the clustering results, we can find that most of the eastern regions belong to the cluster with higher green efficiency, while most of the western regions belong to the cluster with lower green efficiency. However, the green efficiency performance in several regions with high economic levels, such as Beijing and Shanghai, is not satisfactory. (2) Based on the analysis of decomposition results, the innovation effect of China's logistics industry is the most obvious, but the efficiency change still needs to be improved, and technical leadership should be strengthened. Based on these conclusions, we further propose some policy recommendations for the green development of the logistics industry in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates three-dimensional elastic–viscoplastic consolidation behaviors of transversely isotropic saturated soils. The Drucker–Prager yield criterion for isotropic materials is extended for modeling transversely isotropic medium. By coupling Perzyna's viscoplastic theory with a transversely isotropic soil model, the incremental one-dimensional (1D) Nishihara's constitutive model is established and then extended to formulate a three-dimensional (3D) material model. The method to obtaining the material parameters for the proposed model is also provided. The return mapping algorithm and algorithmic tangent matrix are presented to numerically implement the proposed theory into the finite element package—ABAQUS. We have validated the proposed theory by comparing numerical results with the uniaxial compression testing data of Shanghai soft clay and the field observations of soft soil embankments in the Dongting Lake area in China. Then, several numerical examples are conducted to study the influences of elastic–viscoplastic and transversely isotropic parameters on the time-dependent behavior of saturated soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigating the co-movements between crude oil futures helps to understand the integration of the global markets. This paper focuses on Shanghai crude oil futures (INE) and study its co-movements with the international benchmarks of WTI and Brent crude oil futures in intra-day day and night trading sessions. A complex network model framework is proposed to analyse the intra-day co-movement patterns labelled by a functional data clustering approach on intra-day return curves. Our findings indicate INE is more integrated with the global market during the night session, but it shows a regional fractional effect during the day session. Based on the revealed dynamics of co-movement patterns, we further design a pairs trading strategy between INE crude oil futures and the international benchmarks. The simulation results show that the pairs trading strategy can be promisingly profitable, even during market turmoil phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of the Changjiang Delta is obviously affected by current rapidly rising sea level and drastically declining river discharge, and it is also vital for the sustainable development of Shanghai and the Changjiang River Economic Belt, which represent China's economic development leader and major national strategic area, respectively. In this paper, the growth pattern of Jiuduansha Island, the largest uninhabited alluvial island in the Changjiang Estuary, is studied in terms of the change in elevation, position and area over the past 50 years through using satellite-derived instantaneous shoreline positions and high/low tide exposure areas based on 497 satellite images from 1974 to 2020; and the influencing factors and future development patterns are further discussed by comparison with other alluvial islands or sandbars in the estuary The results show that Jiuduansha Island has maintained a rapid or even accelerated area growth rate, although the sediment discharge of the Changjiang River has sharply decreased in recent decades This sustained growth is mainly attributed to the existence of the estuarine turbidity maximum zone, coarsening fluvial sediment, onshore sediment replenishment by tide, cone-like geomorphology of Jiuduansha Island, and siltation promotion effect of vegetation The growth rate of the low tide exposure area of Jiuduansha Island increased from 1.9 km2 a−1 in 1974–1990 to 3.0 km2 a−1 in 1990–2020, and the growth rate of the high tide exposure area reached as high as 3.7 km2 a−1 in 1994–2020. The implementation of the Deep-Water Channel Project has significantly affected the evolution of Jiuduansha Island, including shifting the heads of Shangsha and Zhongxiasha from severe retreat to rapid accretion, and promoting tidal flat progradation seaward of the Jiangyanansha and Zhongxiasha, but restricting the growth of the low tide exposure area of Jiuduansha Island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current deployment of e-bikes in large cities all over the world raises new road safety problems. The shared features of e-bikes and other types of two-wheelers, notably in terms of size and maneuverability, can lead to common road safety issues and similar accident mechanisms. This paper outlines the value of a comparative approach that includes all kinds of two-wheelers, motorized or not: bicycles, e-bikes of both the bicycle type and the scooter type, LPG and gasoline scooters, and motorcycles. For this purpose, a new self-reported risky behavior inventory was developed and its validity tested among 400 two-wheeler users in Shanghai. China, where the spread of e-bikes and other two-wheelers took place several years ago, is a useful country to study to shed light on issues that are emerging in Europe. Results indicate highly satisfactory psychometric properties of the inventory with a single-factor 12-item structure (52.81% of variance explained, α =.93) and very satisfactory fit indexes. In terms of construct validity, the eta (η) correlation ratio indicates its significant relation with self-reported previous accidents and with several criterion related experience variables. Furthermore, a high correlation was noted between the inventory scores and the maximum speed of the participants' vehicles. Ultimately, the inventory will enable future research to characterize and explain risky riding behaviors by riders of e-bikes compared to riders of other two-wheelers in China and, with some slight adaptations, these results can be applied to the European context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper extends existing Bourdieusian theorisations of the educational involvement of working-class parents by adding the less-examined axes of rural origin and migration status with an intersectional approach. It focusses on the 'labourer' families involved in internal rural–urban migration in China. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in Beijing and Shanghai with 32 migrant parents, teachers and head teachers. It examines how the intersection of rural origin, migration status and working-class identities shapes the parents' habitus and their exertion of capital in the urban education field. The findings show that the intersection of two aspects of their habitus—one, resulting from their rural background, leads them not to treat themselves as academic educators, and a second, arising from their migrant working-class status, the necessity to 'strive for survival'. Since the parents' actions do not match with the teachers' expectations of home-school cooperation, they are identified as 'incompetent'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we reconsider the defining but often overlooked 'hinge' function of megalopolises by analyzing how megalopolises have articulated national and international urban systems in the context of a globalizing knowledge economy. Taking the case of China's Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, we particularly focus on knowledge circulation within and beyond the YRD region by analyzing the pattern and process of knowledge collaboration at different geographical scales during the 2004-2014 period. Results show that the structure of scientific knowledge collaboration as reflected by co-publications has been strongest at the national scale whereas that of technological knowledge collaboration as measured by co-patents has been strongest at the global scale. Despite this difference, the structure of both scientific and technological knowledge collaboration has been functionally polycentric at the megalopolitan scale but become less so at the national and global scales. The 'globally connected but locally disconnected' pattern of Shanghai's external knowledge collaboration suggests that the gateway role of the YRD megalopolis in promoting knowledge collaboration at different geographical scales will take time before it is fully realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creative class refers to the demographic segment composed of intellectuals, knowledge intensive workers and artists in different fields. Creative class is of essential social significance in that its members are capable of booming regional economy through innovation. Rather few studies have empirically examined the neighborhood social determinants of intra-urban creative class concentrations (CCCs), especially in the developing countries. Using the case of Shanghai city in China, this paper characterizes the CCCs in relation to social tolerance and life quality supportive conditions (LQSCs) at district level. Data for CCCs are collected from Shanghai's Population Census (2010) at the district level. A set of social diversity indices (ethnic, education, income, marriage status, and birth place) are used as proxy for tolerance and LQSCs are described by a set of indicators from 8 domains (job chance, medical care, educational facilities, commutation, food resources, housing, leisure, and natural amenities). Multivariable linear regression is employed to identify the determinants of CCCs. Results show that both neighborhood social tolerance and LQSCs have significant influences on different categories of CCCs. In particular, creative class is attracted by the neighborhoods that are open and welcoming to the outsiders. In addition, creative class emphasizes accessible medical care, traveling convenience, elementary education institution, great housing choices, and more natural amenities in their neighborhood. The variance decomposition method demonstrates that neighborhood LQSC determinants are more important for the intellectuals, knowledge workers and total CCCs. For the artists, the neighborhood social tolerance determinants are more influential. Our study generates a set of neighborhood social indicators to understand the intra-urban CCCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 2007, the economic turmoil in the USA has had a dramatic impact on immigrant populations living within the nation’s borders. One such group is Chinese migrants who came to the USA as students in the 1980s and 1990s. This paper focuses on a segment of this population—medical professionals—who obtained graduate degrees in the USA and subsequently stayed on to work in pharmaceutical or health industries in Philadelphia’s metropolitan area. As a result of the economic crises in the USA and also the burgeoning market in China, pharmaceutical companies have begun to repatriate some of these Chinese professionals. This paper will examine reflections on the return experience to Shanghai, which has developed rapidly to become the most commercialized modern city in China as a result of the market reform initiated in 1979. I argue that neoliberal ideology in the USA not only forces these Chinese immigrants back to China, but also challenges their concepts of identity and citizenship, including cultural citizenship. This paper also examines the ways in which processes of change are affected by global capitalism and neoliberalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantifying the urbanization effect on trends in climate extremes is important both for detection and attribution studies and for human adaptation; however, a fundamental problem is how to accurately estimate a trend and its statistical significance, especially for non-Gaussian and serially dependent data. In this paper, the choice of trend estimation and significance testing method is suggested as important for these kinds of studies, as illustrated by quantifying the urbanization effect on trends in seven hot-extreme indices for the megacity of Shanghai during 1961-2013. Both linear and nonlinear trend estimation methods were used. The trends and corresponding statistical significances were estimated by taking into account potential non-Gaussian and serial dependence in the extreme indices. A new method based on adaptive surrogate data is proposed to test the statistical significance of the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) nonlinear trend. The urbanization contribution was found to be approximately 34 % (43 %) for the trend in the non-Gaussian distributed heat wave index based on nonparametric linear trend (EEMD nonlinear trend) estimation. For some of the other six hot-extreme indices analyzed, the urbanization contributions estimated based on linear and nonlinear trends varied greatly, with as much as a twofold difference between them. For the linear trend estimation itself, the ordinary least squares fit can give a substantially biased estimation of the urbanization contribution for some of the non-Gaussian extreme indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The body assembly process design (BAPD) system is currently under development at the laboratory of Auto Body Manufacture Technology Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. To ensure that assembly issues have been properly considered in the conceptual design phase, different methods, procedures and tools should be developed. The paper gives a brief view of the system architecture of the BAPD system, and the paper will present a framework to carry qualitative simulation procedure and conduct hierarchical qualitative simulation to analyze and predict assembly variation flow with limited parameters and fuzzy knowledge; the system conducts qualitative information acquisition of physical parameters of assembly features, and obtains cardinal factors influence the variation results by qualitative analysis in the assembly process. An analytical case is discussed to explain the function of qualitative analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In software-defined vehicular networks, a centralized controller in the network through the road-side unit will greatly promote the efficiency of the network efficiency by temporarily storing the packets, improving the delivery ratio and providing highly reliable transmission. The inter-contact time between moving vehicles and intersections, and the duration of each contact are two key metrics in the designing and evaluating of this kind of software-defined vehicular networks, because they decide the frequency of contacts between vehicles and the intersections and how much data can be sent during the contact. In this paper, we analyze traces of thousands of operational taxies in Shanghai. By studying the inter-contact time and the duration of each contact between taxi-intersection pairs, we find that the distribution of inter-contact time follows a power-law up to a small value and decays exponentially afterwards. We find that a power-law with exponential decay model can approximate the distribution of inter-contact time better than exponential model, power law model and piecewise exponential decay model. The duration of contacts, on the other hand, mainly exhibits an exponential decay. Our findings make way for the future study of and the deployment of software-defined vehicular networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban forest has undergone rapid development in China over the last three decades because of the acceleration of urbanization. Urban forest thus plays an increasingly important role in carbon sequestration at a regional and national scale. As one of the most urbanized cities in China, Shanghai showed an increase of forest coverage from 3% in the 1990s to 13% in 2009. Based on CITY-green model and the second soil survey of Shanghai, the forest biomass carbon (FBC) was estimated to be 0.48 Tg in the urban area and, forest soil organic carbon (SOC) (0-100 cm soil depth) is 2.48 Tg in the urban and suburban areas, respectively. These values are relatively within the median and lower level compared with other Chinese megacities, with the FBC of 0.02 Tg in Harbin to 47.29 Tg in Chongqing and the forest SOC of 1.74 Tg in Nanjing to 418.67 Tg in Chongqing. For the different land-use types in Shanghai, the SOC density ranges from 13.8 (tidal field) to 38.6 t ha (agricultural land). On average, the forest SOC density (31.5 t ha) in Shanghai is lower than that in agricultural lands (38.6 t ha) and higher than that in lawns (26.5 t ha) and gardens (21.3 t ha). In Shanghai, the SOC density in newly established urban parks is generally lower than that in older parks. In the northern and southeastern suburban areas (e.g., Baoshan, Yangpu, and Nanhui districts), greenspace SOC density is higher than that in the central commercial areas (Hongkou, Putuo, Changning, and Zhabei districts) and in newly developed district (Pudong District). Uncertainties still exist in the estimation of urban forest carbon in Shanghai, as well as in other Chinese cities. Thus, future research directions are also discussed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shanghai is a low-lying city (3-4 m elevation) surrounded on three sides by the East China Sea, the Yangtze River Estuary, and Hangzhou Bay. With a history of rapid changes in sea level and land subsidence, Shanghai is often plagued by extreme typhoon storm surges. The interaction of sea level rise, land subsidence, and storm surges may lead to more complex, variable, and abrupt disasters. In this paper, we used MIKE 21 models to simulate the combined effect of this disaster chain in Shanghai. Projections indicate that the sea level will rise 86.6 mm, 185.6 mm, and 433.1 mm by 2030, 2050, and 2100, respectively. Anthropogenic subsidence is a serious problem. The maximum annual subsidence rate is 24.12 mm/year. By 2100, half of Shanghai is projected to be flooded, and 46 % of the seawalls and levees are projected to be overtopped. The risk of flooding is closely related to the impact of land subsidence on the height of existing seawalls and levees. Land subsidence increases the need for flood control measures in Shanghai. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study reported in this paper was aimed at developing understanding of depression-related knowledge and preferences surrounding professional help, medication, and treatment methods among Chinese living in Shanghai, China. Methods: A multi-stage cluster sampling method in which participants were taken from 6 of the 20 districts in Shanghai was adopted for this study. The 522 Shanghai Chinese participants were presented with a vignette describing an individual with depression before being asked questions designed to assess both their understanding of depression and their preferences surrounding professional help, medication, and treatment methods. A comparative approach was adopted to identify similarities and differences between our findings and those of two previous studies on the mental health literacy of Chinese living in Melbourne, Australia, and Hong Kong, respectively. Results: A similarly low percentage of Chinese people in each of Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Australia recognized depression. Fewer Shanghai Chinese than Chinese living in Hong Kong and Australia ascribed the 'anxiety/stress' label to the depression vignette and endorsed professionals and informal network members as helpful. Although a far lower percentage of Shanghai Chinese endorsed the use of counseling professionals, a much higher percentage of the same group endorsed Chinese medical doctors and herbal medication. A lower percentage of Shanghai Chinese endorsed 'lifestyle changes' as a strategy for combating depression than did Chinese subjects living in Australia and Hong Kong. On the other hand, a higher percentage of Shanghai residents endorsed psychiatric treatment and the traditional Chinese practices of 'eating nutritious food/taking supplements' and 'qigong' than among the other two groups of Chinese. Conclusions: This study underlines the need for campaigns aimed at improving the mental health literacy of Chinese in Shanghai. Such campaigns must take into consideration the socially and culturally driven beliefs to facilitate the development of specific education programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial freezing is becoming a common method of enhancing soil quality when undertaking large scale underground structures in Shanghai. This paper presents the variation in the frozen strength of Shanghai muddy clay with temperature. SEM studies were undertaken to analyse the shape and size of the pores in the frozen material compared with the undisturbed clay. The results show that compared with undisturbed soil, the shape and the orientation of the pores in samples frozen at −10, −15 and −20°C did not significantly change after the compression testing, although the pore volume increased with decreasing temperature. The relationship between microstructure and moisture migration is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I find that the political economy of public goods provision by the local government in Shanghai influenced the decision to transition from the existing public service delivery model based on residency, to a social innovation model where the government contracts with non-profits and private firms to provide services at lower costs and experiment with different levels of provision (购买服务). Contracting also forms a bridge between old governance models and new ones, which potentially allow for a process of administrative modernization without social instability. Contracting for public-goods provision is increasing in prevalence not only in Shanghai but also in many other provinces, and is professionalizing participating organizations and providing public goods to vulnerable populations. While this practice is not yet increasing non-profit participation in the policy process, the creation of access channels that are currently operating solely in one direction may at some future date allow groups to participate in relevant policy areas. Contracting public goods might have the potential of significant effects beyond the term of the contract by increasing pluralism in local public policy and generating more demand for transparency and accountability of government services. As such, this is an interesting bellwether for future political change in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the important role of land ecosystem in social-economic progress at regional, national, and international scale and concurrent degradation of land ecosystems under rapid urbanization, a systematic diagnosis of land ecological security (eco-security) for sustainable development is needed. A catastrophe model for land ecological security assessment was developed in order to overcome the disadvantages in subjectivity and complexity of the currently used assessment methods. The catastrophe assessment index system was divided into hierarchical sub-systems under the pressure-state-response framework. The catastrophe model integrated multiple assessment indices of land eco-security according to the inherent contradictions and relative importance of indices without calculating weights. Specifically, membership degree of higher level index was calculated based on the membership degrees of lower level indices that were subjective to suitable model, such as cusp, fold, swallowtail and butterfly model. This model was applied to evaluate the state of land eco-security in Shanghai. Mann-Kendall's test was utilized to characterize its temporal trend between 1999 and 2008. Significant downward trend was identified for land eco-security, in terms of pressure sub-index, state sub-index, response sub-index and synthetic index. All these implied that land ecosystem conditions were not optimistic for Shanghai and such situation should draw the attention of policy makers. The calculation procedure presented in this paper does not require a high level of technical expertise to determine the membership degree, making it simple and operational. Being applicable to similar land ecosystems, the catastrophe model is thus believed to provide an alternative approach to land eco-security assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research and design of a C-band (5712 MHz) high-gradient traveling-wave accelerating structure is being carried out at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The structure consists of 53 regular disk-loaded cells and two waveguide couplers, and its length is about 1 m. This paper presents a design method for the accelerating structure, an experimental model and the preliminary results of an RF cold test of the model structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integrated application of remote sensing, geographic information system and quantitative analytical modeling can provide scientific and effective methods for monitoring and studying urban heat island, based on land surface temperature (LST) retrieved from thermal infrared channel data of sensors. In this paper, LST is retrieved from Landsat TM6 and ETM + 6 data of Shanghai central city in 1989, 1997, 2000 and 2002, by using the mono-window algorithm. Based on the data, global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis, and geostatistical methods are adopted to quantitatively describe the characteristics of spatial heterogeneity and temporal evolution of land surface thermal landscape at different scales and periods in Shanghai central city, by utilizing exploratory spatial data analysis. Results show that LST field in Shanghai central city tends to fragmentize and complicate with the development of Shanghai, and its global spatial difference becomes greater gradually. The spatial variance pattern of the change of LST field from 1997 to 2002 indicates that the dynamic change of LST presents a tendency of increase in circularity. LST declines distinctly in the districts of Puxi and Pudong near and inside the inner ring road, while it rises obviously outside the central city and near the out ring road. The extrema of temporal change in LST field have a characteristic of spatial clustering. Besides, as the city of Shanghai expands in a circular pattern as a whole, the directional difference of dynamic change of urban surface thermal landscape exists but is not very obvious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about several papers discussed at a symposium on international efforts to improve pediatric therapeutics in Shanghai, China in July 2006 is presented. Four major themes were featured at the symposium. They included the immediate challenges on the optimal therapeutics for children, challenges in safe medication practice and the future of drug therapy for neonates, infants and children.

Information about several papers discussed at the Asia Communications and Photonics (ACP) Conference and Exhibition held in Shanghai, China in November 2009 on 100 Gigabit Ethernet (100G) transmission technology is presented. The researchers told, the main objective for 100G transponders is to assure that the transmission costs of 100G technology should be less than those of 10G and 40G technologies. The ACP featured several telecommunication researchers including Tiejun Xia and Jin Hong.