17 results
Search Results
2. CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO, TIPO DE CAMBIO REAL Y EXPORTACIONES MANUFACTURERAS DE MÉXICO, 1998-2020.
- Author
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Castañeda Martínez, Ana Erika and López González, Teresa
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL trade ,ECONOMIC expansion ,ECONOMIC models ,GROWTH rate ,COINTEGRATION ,ECONOMETRIC models ,FOREIGN exchange rates ,FREE trade - Abstract
Copyright of Investigación Económica is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The free trade agreements of North America.
- Author
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DUJiĆ, ivan
- Subjects
COMMERCIAL treaties ,NORTH American Free Trade Agreement ,UNITED States-Mexico-Canada Agreement ,CANADA-United States relations ,FREE trade - Abstract
Copyright of Medunarodni Problemi is the property of Institute of International Politics & Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. MEXICO AND THE EUROPEAN UNION: A STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP IN TIMES OF GLOBALIZATION.
- Author
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ORDORICA ROBLES, José Guillermo
- Subjects
BUSINESS partnerships ,FREE trade ,COMMERCIAL treaties ,GLOBALIZATION ,COOPERATION - Abstract
This paper reviews the way in which Mexico and the European Union (EU) established a strategic partnership. In a globalized world and following the Washington Consensus both signed, in March 2000, a Free Trade Agreement (TLCUEM) which entered into force in October 2000. The good results of the bilateral exchanges plus important events in the world encouraged them, in 2016, to renovate the legal framework of the original Agreement. At the end of 2017, the negotiators finished the revised chapters of political dialogue and cooperation and on April 2018 they reached an agreement in principle on a modernized trade pillar of the EU-Mexico Global Agreement (GA). By 2020, negotiations were over. It is expected that after the trade pillar's legal scrutiny and translation, it will become part of the three-pronged GA that will also contain revamped political dialogue and cooperation pillars. After 20 years of its subscription, results are promising. Representing 26% of world GDP, the EU is a key partner for Mexico, and Mexico, with 12 free trade agreements signed with 46 countries, for the EU. The cooperation has encouraged exchanges in subjects of common interest, such as the fight against pandemic and gender equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
5. SINCRONIZACIÓN DE LOS CICLOS ECONÓMICOS DE MÉXICO Y ESTADOS UNIDOS: UN ENFOQUE DE CORRELACIÓN DINÁMICA.
- Author
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Albarrán Macías, Dulce, Mejía Reyes, Pablo, and López Herrera, Francisco
- Subjects
BUSINESS cycles ,FREE trade ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,SYNCHRONIZATION ,STATISTICAL correlation ,GROWTH rate - Abstract
Copyright of Investigación Económica is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. DOES US TRADE LIBERALIZATION EXPLAIN PUERTO RICO'S DEINDUSTRIALIZATION?
- Author
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Romero-Ramírez, Héctor
- Subjects
- *
FREE trade , *INTERNATIONAL trade , *DEINDUSTRIALIZATION , *GRANGER causality test , *INTERNATIONAL economic relations , *IMPULSE response , *TIME series analysis - Abstract
This paper studies the possible role of US trade liberalization in explaining Puerto Rico's deindustrialization. In order to address this issue, time series techniques were used. The results of the Granger Causality Test suggest that the imports made by the US from Mexico, Canada, Ireland, and Costa Rica do not explain Puerto Rico's deindustrialization. Therefore, no causal relationship was found between the imports made by the US from its NAFTA partners and the countries where the corporations that benefited from Section 936 relocated with the deindustrialization of Puerto Rico. Besides, the impulse response exercise suggests that in the first period, deindustrialization explains its variability by 100%, and in the final period, it explains 95.47%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Municipality manufacturing agglomerations unveiled: Exploring spatial structural transformation in Mexico under import substitution and trade liberalisation.
- Author
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Jordaan, Jacob A. and Garduño-Rivera, Rafael
- Subjects
- *
FREE trade , *IMPORT substitution , *REGIONAL disparities , *ECONOMIC activity , *MANUFACTURING industries - Abstract
This paper conducts a comprehensive long-run analysis of the global spatial concentration and locational dynamics of manufacturing agglomerations in Mexico. While prior research on Mexico has examined the impact of trade liberalisation on processes of regional convergence or divergence, effects on the scale, location and dynamics of agglomerations and local specialisation remain underexplored. To address this gap in the literature, we use a newly-collated municipality-level dataset containing more granular data distinct from more frequently used state-level data. Our analysis spans the period 1950–2019, capturing the full extent of the growing importance of the manufacturing sector and providing a nuanced perspective on the evolution of agglomerations and local specialisation patterns. We investigate shifts in agglomeration during import substitution and following the introduction of trade liberalisation, examining whether new agglomerations emerged or existing ones attracted further economic activity and how these changes impacted local specialisation. In extension, we also examine recent trends, assessing the persistence or alteration of agglomeration dominance in the north of the country. In doing so, our analysis provides valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of agglomerations and local specialisation and their significance in shaping regional disparities. • Analysis of municipality manufacturing agglomerations in Mexico 1950-2019. • Import substitution is characterised by decreasing levels of global agglomeration and specialisation. • Recent decades are characterised by substantial increases of global agglomeration and specialisation. • Manufacturing has become increasingly concentrated in several core agglomerations. • Changing levels of agglomeration and local specialisation have clear implications for regional disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Efecto de la inversión extranjera directa y del modelo de crecimiento exportador en la formación de capital y los encadenamientos productivos de México: un análisis multisectorial.
- Author
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Landa Diaz, Heri Oscar, Cerezo García, Verónica, and Perrotini Hernández, Ignacio
- Subjects
FOREIGN investments ,CAPITAL stock ,FINANCIAL liberalization ,FREE trade ,NORTH American Free Trade Agreement - Abstract
Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Impact of trade liberalization and renewable energy on load capacity factor: Evidence from novel dual adjustment approach.
- Author
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Huilan, Wu, Akadiri, Seyi Saint, Haouas, Ilham, Awosusi, Abraham Ayobamiji, and Odu, Ada Tony
- Subjects
RENEWABLE energy sources ,FREE trade ,CLEAN energy ,SUPPLY & demand ,ENERGY consumption ,ECONOMIC expansion ,NONRENEWABLE natural resources - Abstract
Several nations, including Mexico, are encountering problems with accomplishing the targets of sustainable development goals (SDGs). This study addresses how to develop SDG agenda for Mexico, which may also be applied to other emerging markets with comparable profiles. Therefore, this study utilizes a newly developed load capacity factor (LCF, a detailed environmental evaluation tool) that combines biocapacity (supply side) and ecological foot (demand side) to examine the effect of renewable energy consumption and trade openness on LCF while controlling for nonrenewable energy consumption and economic growth in the case of Mexico during 1970–2017. Using the dual adjustment approach, we find evidence of long-run cointegration nexus among the series. In addition, trade openness affects LCF positively, whereas renewable energy consumption, economic growth, and nonrenewable energy consumption impact LCF negatively. Furthermore, results of the frequency domain causality show that all the variables can predict LCF in the long-term. Based on these results, Mexico should focus on promoting public understanding of green energy and environmental preservation measures and participate in the production of nonenergy-consuming and ecologically friendly products while compelling polluting enterprises to migrate to countries with less stringent environmental restrictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Why Do (High-Income) Countries Wish to Green Their Trade Agreements?
- Author
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GRIGORAS, Tamara
- Subjects
UNITED States-Mexico-Canada Agreement ,INTERNATIONAL competition ,FREE trade ,UNFAIR competition ,HIGH-income countries - Abstract
In recent years, many states have undertaken to green their free trade agreements (FTA). As the pace of this evolution towards greener trade relations continues to accelerate, it has also been met with resistance. The inclusion of environmental commitments in FTAs has sometimes been dismissed as an attempt by high-income countries to level the playing field for their market actors by raising environmental standards abroad. Against this background, this article aims to investigate what underlying motive(s) (high-income) states pursue when they negotiate environmental provisions. Using the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) as a case study, it is argued that it is possible to rely on the legalization of these commitments to unravel treaty parties’ motives for negotiating such rules in the first place. In the case of the USMCA, it is found that the agreement’s environmental commitments could be interpreted as mirroring concern either for the environment or for unfair foreign competition. A closer look at the negotiation process leading to the adoption of the agreement suggests that it was mainly – although certainly not exclusively – out of environmental concerns that stringent environmental commitments were included in the USMCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Where to Next? Modernizing Environmental Commitments in EU-Latin America Free Trade Agreements.
- Author
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CACERES BUSTAMANTE, Javiera and DELEV, Christian
- Subjects
FREE trade ,PARIS Agreement (2016) ,SUSTAINABLE development ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection ,COMMERCIAL treaties ,NORTH American Free Trade Agreement - Abstract
The European Union (EU) is renegotiating its trade agreements with Latin American States. The core objective of this process is to modernize the Trade and Sustainable Development (TSD) chapters of these agreements. As such, this article critically examines the prospects of the modernized TSD chapters in the Chile-EU Association Agreement and the EU-Mexico Global Agreement, drawing lessons for the potential amendment of the EU-Andes Agreement. For this purpose, the article addresses the modernization process of the EU-Chile Association Agreement by surveying Chile's negotiating practice in incorporating environment and climate change-related provisions in trade agreements. It compares the evolution of these provisions within the EU's practice and discusses the convergence or divergence of views that have shaped the existing agreement. Additionally, it explores the possible future review process of the TSD chapter in the agreement. Furthermore, the article discusses the ongoing renegotiating process of the Global Agreement between the EU and Mexico. It examines the opportunity to enhance the current environmental protection disciplines in this agreement. Finally, the article evaluates how these experiences can inform a future renegotiation of the EU-Andes Agreement, with a focus on prioritising the Parties' nationally determined contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
12. Examining the Bilateral Relationship between Mexico and South Korea through the Trade in Value-Added Perspective, 2000–2021.
- Author
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Morales-López, Rodrigo, Quintana-Romero, Luis, Mun, Nam Kwon, and Oh, Inhye
- Subjects
VALUE chains ,FREE trade ,MANUFACTURING industries ,MACHINERY industry ,INTERNATIONAL trade - Abstract
This article examines the trade relationship between Mexico and South Korea through the lens of trade in value-added perspective. Using the global input–output model, we dissect gross exports into their value-added components to analyze the sectors benefiting most from value-added generation in both countries. To do this, we use the multiregional input–output matrices developed by the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The results show a growing bilateral relationship between 2000 and 2021, with South Korea having a stronger position by generating a larger share of value-added linked to the bilateral relationship. Nevertheless, the gap has narrowed over time. Notably, South Korean exports to Mexico have substantially contributed to value-added generation in technology-based manufacturing sectors such as machinery, equipment, electronics, electrical, and optical products. Similarly, Mexico's mining sector increasingly relies on exports to South Korea for value-added generation. The trends observed in this study's findings persist even amidst the reconfiguration of Global Value Chains, indicating that a free trade agreement between Mexico and South Korea has the potential to further enhance value-added generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. A simple model of some possible long-run adverse effects of inflation targeting.
- Author
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Libman, Emiliano
- Subjects
INFLATION targeting ,FREE trade ,FOREIGN exchange rates ,SOCIAL indicators ,HYSTERESIS - Abstract
In Latin America, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, have been using Inflation Targeting for at least two decades, and although there were significant improvements in social indicators, macroeconomic results have been mixed. In particular, the real exchange rate has been much more volatile and growth was significantly slower in Brazil and Mexico. In accordance with these facts, we sketch a simple New Consensus open economy model with hysteresis and we show that a policy that targets inflation disregarding the effects on the real exchange rate may have negative long-run effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. EFFICIENCY DIVERGENCE BETWEEN FORMAL AND INFORMAL MICROENTERPRISES DURING THE TRADE LIBERALIZATION OF MEXICO.
- Author
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BAEZ-MORALES, ANTONIO and NEGRETE, ANA
- Subjects
FREE trade ,SMALL business ,WAGE differentials ,DECOMPOSITION method ,COMMERCIAL policy ,ORGANIZATIONAL performance ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
Efficiency is a crucial determinant of economic development, especially among microenterprises, which tend to be the prevalent economic units. This article estimates the efficiency of both formal and informal microenterprises in Mexico in the context of NAFTA (North American Free Trade). The Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method is used to explain the factors behind the observed differences. Additionally, a detailed analysis with a decomposition by quantiles is provided. Formal microenterprises are found to be more efficient than their informal counterparts, with a narrow difference in 1994 widening by 2012. At the same time, the efficiency level declined for both groups of microenterprises over time. Two main conclusions are derived. First, microenterprise size distribution and the characteristics of the private sector influence the success of trade liberalization policies. Second, the overall decrease in efficiency, regardless of whether microenterprises are formal or informal, supports recent studies suggesting that economic, institutional and social constraints limit firm performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Contagious switching.
- Author
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Owyang, Michael T., Piger, Jeremy, and Soques, Daniel
- Subjects
NORTH American Free Trade Agreement ,BUSINESS cycles ,ECONOMIC statistics ,FREE trade - Abstract
Summary: We analyze the propagation of recessions across countries using a model with multiple qualitative state variables in a vector autoregression (VAR). The VAR may include country‐level variables to determine whether policy also propagates across countries. We consider versions of the model with observed discrete states or unobserved discrete states, where the latter is inferred from fluctuations in economic data. We apply the model to Canada, Mexico, and the United States to test if spillover effects were similar before and after the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). We find that trade liberalization increased business cycle propagation across the three countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Free Trade Agreements and Marine Species Sustainability: United States Files Environmental Complaint against Mexico to Protect Vanishing Vacquita.
- Author
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Wang, Yucong
- Subjects
FISH conservation ,ENDANGERED species ,COMMERCIAL treaties ,FREE trade ,NORTH American Free Trade Agreement - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Food self-sufficiency in Mexico: support prices versus direct payments to the producer.
- Author
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Cruz Herrera, Karen Lucero, Valdivia Alcalá, Ramón, Martínez Damián, Miguel Ángel, and Contreras Castillo, José María
- Subjects
SELF-reliant living ,FREE trade ,PAYMENT ,WHEAT ,RICE ,FEDERAL government ,LANDSCAPES - Abstract
Domestic production of basic products has failed to meet the demand of the population. In addition to this, imports of bread wheat and rice have been increasing since the trade liberalization in Mexico. This research analyzes the performance of the support price policy and PROCAMPO through the methodology that consists of the calculation of the food dependence index, where production, population, imports, exports and product yield are considered to quantify it, this with the aim of observing in what magnitude each policy contributes to achieving the objective set by the Federal Government of achieving food self-sufficiency in the country. The analysis period includes 2011-2020 to observe more broadly the behavior of the national production of the selected products (bread wheat and rice), the results obtained in the analysis indicate that the direct payment policy (PROCAMPO) is more effective in increasing the productivity of the Mexican countryside than the support price policy; however, despite the efforts the main objective is still not achieved, there are still major efforts to improve the conditions of the Mexican countryside, because there is no reduction in imports of the products studied, they continue to oscillate in more than 50% of national consumption and have not shown significant reductions that indicate an improvement in the results of the implementation of the program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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