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The Greater Bay Area (GBA) is to become a major innovation and technology hub of global impact. Such a transformation is to take place in the midst of a policy-driven economy in GBA's Mainland region and a market-driven economy in Hong Kong and Macau. In this paper, we examine the uniqueness and complexities of logistics and trade facilitation in GBA. This study establishes a discourse in GBA's logistics and trade facilitation between government and non-government stakeholders. Based on the discourse, we provide a conceptual context on the unique aspects of GBA, pinpointing critical issues such as the coexistence of differing institutional systems and interplay between state planning and market economy. A major objective of the paper is to identify and conceptualize unique logistics and trade features of GBA development, and to highlight opportunities for academic and policy research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building a green and healthy economic system and achieving high‐quality economic growth have long been the development goals pursued by the Chinese government. Under the local government competition system, coordinating the relationship between economic growth and ecological sustainability is a decisive factor for China's high‐quality development. As a former state planned economy, China inherited a legacy of setting economic growth targets at various levels of government. This paper analyzes the relationship between economic growth targets and ecological efficiency by using panel data models and spatial econometric techniques. Moreover, the mediating effect model and dynamic threshold effect model are used to study their influence mechanism and the possible nonlinear relationship. The results indicate that there is an inverted U‐shaped relationship between economic growth targets and ecological efficiency. Optimizing industrial structure and R&D investment can improve regional ecological efficiency. The economic growth targets in neighboring regions have a "U"‐shaped relationship with local ecological efficiency. The mechanism test results suggest that economic growth targets affect ecological efficiency by influencing financial development, foreign direct investment, infrastructure investment, environmental regulation, and technological innovation. The impact of economic growth targets on ecological efficiency shows a significant threshold effect when economic growth targets, industrial structure, R&D levels, financial development, foreign direct investment, infrastructure investment, and environmental regulation are at different threshold values. Therefore, to promote regional healthy competition and ecological efficiency, the government should formulate scientific and reasonable economic growth goals and improve the official evaluation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relying on the advantages of its input factors, the resource-based economy has achieved rapid development. However, with the global emphasis on scientific development, various contradictions have sharply reduced the competitiveness of the resource-based economy. In the process of a new round of changes in the world economic pattern and the adjustment of China's development strategy, most resource-based economies have begun to implement transformation actively or passively. Resource-based economy was mostly established and developed in the period of planned economy, which made great contributions to national construction and accomplished brilliant achievements in regional economic and social development. However, the development of natural resources always goes through stages of development, growth, maturity, and decline. Therefore, resource-based cities also have problems of rise, prosperity, and decline. From the perspective of adaptive space division, this paper analyzes and studies the teaching of the coordinated development of resource-based economy in the transformation of the resource-based economy and environment economy and puts forward the panel data model, logistic curve, and other algorithm models. After optimization, the collaborative development model is designed. Based on the analysis of the model, it is found that the error analysis of the model has improved by 77.3% and the average growth rate of transformation benefits is generally 56.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Since 1990, Mongolia has been moving from a planned economy to a market economy for more than 30 years, revolutionizing the social order and adopting democratic methods. Over the past few years, Mongolia's social, economic and political development studies have produced specific assessments and conclusions. These articles explore Mongolia's development, characteristics, participation in the Belt and Road Initiative launched by the People's Republic of China, its benefits, its impact on the present state of Mongolia's society and the obstacles it faces. The paper presents the results of research into four main groups: common reasons, cause-effect, solution-effect and conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the installed capacity of wind power is greatly affected by the subsidy policy, this paper predicts the installed wind power capacity in China under different policy scenarios. Firstly, a new two-parameter variable-weight buffer operator is proposed to quantify the impact of the policy shock, whose optimal parameters are obtained by the genetic algorithm, and combined with the grey GM(1,1) model to predict the installed capacity of wind power in China under the cessation of subsidy policy. Then, the GM(1,1) model with optimized background value is used to predict the installed capacity under continued subsidy. Finally, two policy subsidy strategy models are constructed based on the forecast data to simulate the future trend of wind power installed capacity under different subsidy policies and explore the strength of wind power subsidies in China during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period (2021–2025). The results show that both the GM(1,1) model based on the two-parameter variable-weight buffer operator and the GM(1,1) model with optimized background value have high fitting accuracy, with errors of 0.15% and 4.93%, respectively. Furthermore, in the case of the central government's subsidy cancellation, the local government should take over the central government's subsidy policy and adjust the subsidy intensity to 0.57–1 times of that during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period (2015–2020) to achieve the national planning target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chinese economy has undergone a long-term transition reform, but there is still a planned economy characteristic in the financial sector, which is financial repression. Due to the existence of financial repression, China's actual interest rate level should be lower than the Consumer Price Index (CPI). However, based on official China's interest rates and CPI, over half of the years China's actual interest rate remained higher than CPI by our calculation from 1999 to 2022. This is inconsistent with the financial repression that exists in China, and the main reason is the calculation methods of China's CPI. China's CPI measurement system originated from the planned economy era, which did not fully consider the rise in housing purchase prices, so the current CPI measurement system can be more realistically presented by taking the rise in housing prices into consider. The core idea of this study is to mining relevant official statistical data and calculate the proportion of Chinese residents' expenditure on purchasing houses to their total expenditure. By taking the proportion of house purchases as the weight of house price factor, and taking the proportion of other consumption as the weight of official CPI, the Generalized CPI (GCPI) is formulated. The GCPI is then compared with market interest rates to determine the actual interest rate situation in China over the past 20 years. This study has found that if GCPI is used as a measure, China's real interest rates have been negative for most years since 1999. Chinese residents have suffered the negative effects of financial repression over the past 20 years, and their property income cannot keep up with the actual losses caused by inflation. Therefore, it is believed that China's CPI calculation method should be adjusted to take into account the rise in housing prices, so China's actual inflation level could be more accurately reflected. In view of the above, deepening interest rate marketization reform and expand channels for financial investment are the future development goals of China's financial system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep changes have taken place in China over the past ten years. The debate increasingly revolves around its new dynamics of accumulation, even questioning under which typology to frame the current Chinese model. In this paper, we propose to correlate the Chinese national system of technological innovations, reemerged in the first years of this century, disruptive technologies such as 5G internet, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, and the emergence of new and superior forms of economic planning in that country, sowing the seeds for what we call "New Projectment Economy". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

State-owned enterprises (SOEs) and their liabilities have been extensively examined in the literature. However, less attention has been paid to how SOEs overcome such liabilities and even flourish in a market transition from a centrally planned economy to a market-based one. This study explores how China's SOEs continue to thrive in a system where state and market logics co-exist. The state appears to arrange an institutional field favoring SOEs, which are likely to transact and interact with co-located market-based firms, from which they acquire market logic elements through knowledge spillover. Three different market-based forms—previous SOEs that have been privatized, new privately owned enterprises, and foreign-owned enterprises—enhance the survival chances of SOEs. Each market-based form is established for different reasons and operate through different processes, incorporating market logic elements and developing the ease of communication that affect how SOEs obtain market logic elements. Furthermore, government affiliation and industry structure generate different levels of support and demands for SOEs, and thus not all SOEs benefit equally from obtaining market logic elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to show that the Chinese development process over the past four decades is not a self-explanatory fact. It is a process that may have revealed the ultimate limitation of the current capacities for interpretation represented by both orthodox and heterodox approaches. This limitation is due to two objective facts: 1) the transformation of the "socialist market economy" into a new socioeconomic formation (NSEF), a process that has accelerated since the financial crisis of 2008—the emergence of this NSEF results from a series of institutional innovations designed to accommodate a myriad of modes of production, all of them under the leadership of the public (socialist) sector; and 2) the continuous technical progress achieved by the state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Following the successful implementation of proactive industrial policies, the above-mentioned developments led to the appearance in China of new and superior forms of economic planning. This process can be understood as the re-emergence of Ignacio Rangel's "project economy," now under the title of the "new projectment economy." In our view, perceiving and understanding this change in the mode of production in China, and the theoretical resources involved in it, represents the greatest challenge before today's social science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]