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2. Psychological Applications and Trends 2022
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Pracana, Clara and Wang, Michael
- Abstract
This book contains a compilation of papers presented at the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2022, organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.), held in Funchal, Madeira Island, Portugal, from 23 to 25 of April 2022. Modern psychology offers a large range of scientific fields where it can be applied. The goal of understanding individuals and groups (mental functions and behavioral standpoints), from this academic and practical scientific discipline, aims ultimately to benefit society. The International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the several areas within the Psychology field, new developments in studies and proposals for future scientific projects. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between psychologists, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in psychological issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement the view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons there are several nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounters and development. InPACT 2022 received 364 submissions, from more than 35 different countries all over the world, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take the form of Oral Presentations, Posters and Virtual Presentations. 121 submissions (overall, 33% acceptance rate) were accepted for presentation at the conference. The Conference addresses different categories inside Applied Psychology area and papers fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. This book contains the results of the different researches conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to study and develop research in areas related to Psychology and its applications. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters that are hereby sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. [This document contains the proceedings of the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2022, held in Funchal, Madeira Island, Portugal, from April 23-25, 2022. The proceedings were published by inScience Press. For the 2021 proceedings, see ED622091.]
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- 2022
3. Creating the Conditions for Robust Early Language Development for All--Part 1: Evidence-Informed Child Language Surveillance in the Early Years
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Reilly, Sheena and McKean, Cristina
- Abstract
Background: The emergence of language in the early years is a major developmental accomplishment that underpins learning, enables social interaction and, later, is an indicator of well-being. Learning language is an effortless process for most, but can be challenging for others. There is a need to act early. First, because there are several social, environmental and family factors known to influence how language develops during the critical early years. Second, there is a robust association between a child's socio-economic circumstances and language outcomes. Put simply, children living in less advantaged circumstance have poorer language outcomes, which are apparent very early and persist across the lifespan. Third, children with demonstrated weaknesses in language learning in early childhood have poorer educational, employment, mental health and quality-of-life outcomes across the lifespan. Acting early to counter these impacts is important; however, there are several well-documented challenges in accurately identifying in the early years children who are at later risk of developmental language disorder (DLD) and to deliver prevention and intervention programmes to scale. This is critical because many services do not currently reach those who need them most; as many as 50% of children in need may not be receiving support. Aim: To determine whether an improved surveillance system, based on best evidence, could be developed for the early years. Methods & Procedures: We summarised findings from longitudinal, population or community studies that--(1) adopted bioecological models, (2) repeatedly measured language (including the early years) and (3) adopted similar methodologies, to identify factors that influence language outcomes. Main contribution: The evidence confirmed that language development is not always stable but is characterized by distinct trajectories and each has distinguishing social, environmental features. Children in the change or fluctuating groups tend to live in less advantageous circumstances that may not always support and enable language development. Risk factors tend to cluster and accumulate across the early years and beyond, thereby markedly increasing the likelihood of poorer language outcomes later in life. Conclusions & Implications: In this the first of two papers, designed to be read together, we integrate research on the social determinants of child language and propose they be embedded into surveillance models. This has the potential to reach more children and those living in disadvantaged circumstances. In the accompanying paper we combine this information with evidence-informed early prevention/intervention approaches and propose the design and implementation of an early language public health framework.
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- 2023
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4. Reliability and validity of using EQ-5D-5L among healthy and adolescents with major mental health disorders in Ethiopia.
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Welie AG, Stolk E, Mukuria C, Belay YB, Krahn MD, Sander B, and Gebretekle GB
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- Adolescent, Ethiopia, Humans, Psychometrics methods, Reproducibility of Results, Surveys and Questionnaires, Mental Health, Quality of Life psychology
- Abstract
Background: The EQ-5D is a validated and widely used generic measure of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in both healthy individuals and those with various medical conditions. The objective of this study was to test whether EQ-5D-5L is reliable and valid for use among school sample adolescents and those with major mental health disorders in Ethiopia., Methods: Participants were recruited from ten sub-districts comprising the Butajira Rural Health Programme (BRHP) and Butajira major mental health disorders center. Data were collected using an Amharic (Ethiopia) EQ-5D-5L self-complete-paper and the questionnaire was administered 10 days after the first completion for test-retest procedures. Two-way mixed-effects models absolute intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to test reliability of the instrument while Kruskal-Wallis rank test with pairwise comparison was used to assess the known group validity of the instrument., Results: There were 501 (201 school sample and 300 adolescents with major mental health disorders) participants recruited and 497 were included in the sample for analysis. The ICC was high (ICC > 0.7, p < 0.001) for all EQ-5D-5L dimensions, EQ-5D-5L utility index and EQ-VAS scores. The findings revealed that the Amharic EQ-5D-5L has significant known group validity as shown by the difference in scores among various disease group (depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar) and experience of chronic illness., Conclusions: The results shows that the Amharic EQ-5D-5L is reliable and valid instrument for the measurement of HRQoL among adolescent populations in Ethiopia., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2022
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5. Perceived Health and Wellbeing among Community-Dwelling Older Australians with Intellectual Disability: A Comparison with Age Peers
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Wark, Stuart, Hussain, Rafat, Janicki, Matthew P., Knox, Marie, and Parmenter, Trevor
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Data specifically comparing outcomes for people with and without intellectual disability is limited. This paper reports perceived health and wellbeing of older Australians resident in metropolitan and rural locations in New South Wales and Queensland. Respondents were community-residing individuals with intellectual disability and mainstream age peers [age = 60]. Measures included SF12; Cummings well-being scales; DSSI; Adverse Life Events; and financial hardship status. The sample was composed of 391 adults with intellectual disability and 920 age peers. Adults with intellectual disability were significantly more likely to note adverse life events, worse mental health, and lower levels of social support, but reported higher mean wellbeing scores and had higher scores for physical health. Results indicated higher likelihood of adults with intellectual disability reporting comparative disadvantage across multiple key areas when compared to age peers.
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- 2023
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6. A study of the effects of four reading styles on college students' mental health and quality of life based on positive psychology-A first-of-its-kind study.
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Liu Y
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- Humans, Male, Female, Young Adult, Surveys and Questionnaires, Universities, Psychology, Positive methods, Adult, Adolescent, Quality of Life, Students psychology, Reading, Mental Health, Depression psychology, Anxiety psychology
- Abstract
Background: The increase in mental health problems among college students has become a global challenge, with anxiety and depression in particular becoming increasingly prevalent. Positive psychology has gained attention as an important psychological intervention that emphasizes improving mental health by promoting positive emotions and mindfulness. However, with the diversity of reading styles, however, there is a lack of systematic research on these effects. Therefore, this study aims to explore the specific effects of different reading styles on college students' mental health and quality of life based on positive psychology, with the aim of providing more effective interventions and recommendations for improving college students' mental health., Methods: This study used a two-round questionnaire to select students with mental health problems and divided them into four experimental groups with a control group. The study was conducted by distributing questionnaires and experimental interventions, and a total of 2860 valid questionnaires were collected. The study used the Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety (SAS) and the Self-Depression Scale (SDS) to assess the participants' anxiety and depression levels. In addition, the study used the Physical Composite Score (PCS) and the Mental Composite Score (MCS) to assess the participants' quality of life. SPSS 26.0 was used for data statistics and repeated measures ANOVA was used., Results: Paper text reading and audio reading methods were effective in reducing anxiety levels and improving sleep quality. However, the electronic text reading approach was less effective compared to paper text reading and audio reading, and the video reading approach was not effective in improving depression. In addition, the positive psychology literature reading intervention showed significant improvements in college students' quality of life scores., Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that paper text reading and audio reading modalities have a positive impact on the mental health and quality of life of college students, while e-text reading and video reading modalities are less effective. These findings provide suggestions for college students to choose appropriate reading styles and further demonstrate the effectiveness of positive psychology reading on mental health. These results have important academic and practical implications for promoting mental health and improving quality of life among college students., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Yamei Liu. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
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- 2024
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7. The study of mental health status of people with epilepsy during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis study.
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Panahi P, Zafardoust H, Mirzohreh ST, Khamnian Z, and Alizadeh M
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- Humans, Sleep Wake Disorders epidemiology, Sleep Wake Disorders psychology, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, Stress, Psychological psychology, Mental Disorders epidemiology, Mental Disorders psychology, COVID-19 psychology, COVID-19 epidemiology, Epilepsy psychology, Epilepsy epidemiology, Mental Health, Depression epidemiology, Depression psychology, Anxiety epidemiology, Anxiety psychology, Quality of Life
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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of people with epilepsy (PWE) in various ways. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the mental health status and prevalence of mental disorders including depression, anxiety, stress, and psychological distress among PWE. Furthermore, this study evaluates changes in sleep patterns and presence of sleep disturbances among them. The findings of this systematic review can help health organizations, policymakers, and health workers to better prepare and respond to future health crises for PWE and other chronic disease patients., Method: This systematic review was prepared using PRISMA reporting guidelines. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases for studies that reported data on mental health parameters including depression, anxiety, stress, psychological distress, quality of life, and sleep quality, during the pandemic until May 2023. The analytical procedures were executed through the utilization of Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software., Results: In our study, a total of 61 carefully selected studies were analyzed, yielding valuable insights into the prevalence and impact of various mental health indicators among PWE. The findings revealed that a significant proportion of PWE experienced distressing psychological symptoms, with depression being reported by 34% of participants. Additionally, anxiety was prevalent among 43% of individuals, while stress symptoms were reported by 49% of respondents. Moreover, a substantial portion of PWE, approximately 38%, reported experiencing poor sleep quality, further underscoring the multifaceted nature of the challenges faced by this population. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and comprehensive support systems to address the mental health concerns and sleep disturbances faced by individuals living with epilepsy., Conclusion: The findings revealed that a substantial number of PWE experience symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and poor sleep quality. These results emphasize the importance of considering mental health and sleep assessments as integral components of care for individuals with epilepsy. The study underscores the need for further research and targeted interventions to address the mental health burden faced by this population. By prioritizing and addressing these challenges, healthcare providers can enhance the overall well-being and quality of life for individuals living with epilepsy., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
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- 2024
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8. Mental health after lumbar spine surgery: cognitive appraisal processes and outcome in a longitudinal cohort study.
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Schwartz CE, Borowiec K, Aman S, Rapkin BD, and Finkelstein JA
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- Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Male, Longitudinal Studies, Aged, Prospective Studies, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Quality of Life, Depression psychology, Mental Health, Lumbar Vertebrae surgery, Cognition physiology
- Abstract
Background Context: A not uncommon finding following spine surgery is that many patients do not achieve mental health improvement up to population norms for their age cohort, despite improvement in pain and functioning., Purpose: This study examined how patients who were categorized as depressed versus not depressed think about health-related quality of life as assessed by cognitive-appraisal processes. It examined cross-sectional and longitudinal differences over 12 months postsurgery., Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study with data collected at presurgery and at ∼3- and ∼12-months postsurgery from August 2013 to August 2023., Patient Sample: We included 173 adults undergoing lumbar spine surgery for degenerative spinal conditions at an academic medical center. The study sample was 47% female, with a mean age of 61 (SD=15.0), and a median level of education of college graduate., Outcome Measures: Depression was defined as a Mental Component Score (MCS)≤38 on the Rand-36, building on studies that equated MCS scores with significant depression as assessed by clinically validated depression scales. The Quality-of-Life Appraisal Profile assessed the cognitive-appraisal domains of Experience Sampling and Standards of Comparison., Methods: The analysis focused on two comparisons: cross-sectionally comparing those who were not depressed (n=82) to those who were depressed (n=77) at baseline; and comparing longitudinal trajectories among those depressed before surgery and improved (n=54) versus did not improve (n=23). T-tests characterized group differences in appraisal endorsement; analysis of variance evaluated appraisal items in terms of explained variance; and Pearson correlation coefficients assessed direction of association in predicting mental health., Results: There were presurgical and longitudinal differences in both cognitive appraisal domains. Before surgery, depressed patients were less likely than nondepressed patients to endorse emphasizing the positive; more likely to focus on worst moments, recent flare-ups, their spinal condition, and the future; and more likely to compare themselves to high aspirations (eg, perfect health). Over time, among those who were depressed before surgery, those who improved focused decreasingly on worst moments and on the time before their spinal condition, and increasingly on emphasizing the positive and balancing the positives/negatives. Appraisal explained more variance in mental health among those who did not improve as compared to those who did, at all timepoints. All appraisal items were more highly correlated with mental health among those who remained depressed as compared to those who improved, particularly over time., Conclusions: Endorsement of cognitive appraisal processes was different for depressed versus nondepressed spine-surgery patients before surgery and distinguished those who were depressed before surgery and improved versus those who did not improve. These findings suggest that targeted interventions could be beneficial for addressing mental health concerns during the spine surgery recovery trajectory. These interventions might use appraisal measures to identify patients likely to remain depressed after surgery, and then focus on helping these patients shift their focus and standards of comparison., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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9. Nonlinear relationships between sleep duration, mental health, and quality of life: The dangers of less sleep versus more sleep.
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Wang F, Sun Z, Lin F, Xu Y, Wu E, Sun X, Zhou X, and Wu Y
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- Humans, Male, Female, Cross-Sectional Studies, Adolescent, Adult, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Time Factors, Aged, Age Factors, China, Sleep Duration, Quality of Life psychology, Mental Health, Sleep physiology
- Abstract
Background: Recent research has found a non-linear relationship between sleep duration and mental health/quality of life. However, it is currently unclear which age group is more affected by sleep duration and what the optimal sleep duration is for each age group. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms of the non-linear relationship between sleep duration and quality of life are not well understood., Methods: Therefore, this study utilized questionnaire data from 20,962 participants in the Chinese PBICR-2022 database(Cross-sectional study) and constructed models to analyze the relationship between sleep duration and quality of life., Results: The results showed that the optimal sleep duration varied among different age groups: approximately 9 h for adolescents, 8 h for early/middle-aged adults, and 7 h for older adults. Compared to other age groups, less or more sleep duration had a greater impact on mental health and quality of life in adolescents. Furthermore, mental health was found to play a significant mediating role between sleep duration and quality of life in both the less sleep group and the more sleep group, but this mediating effect was not significant among the older adults in the less sleep group, whereas the mediating effect of mental health was not significant among the middle-aged adults in the more sleep group., Conclusions: This suggests that different age groups have different optimal sleep duration, and age may be an important factor influencing the relationship between sleep duration and mental health/quality of life, with mental health playing a mediating role in the relationship between sleep duration and quality of life., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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10. How Prepared Are People for Their Future? Findings from the 'Preparedness for the Future' Survey
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Heyland, Daren K., Pope, J. Paige, Jiang, Xuran, and Day, Andrew G.
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Objective: People are living longer than ever before. Many arrive at a later stage of life in poor health and with inadequate financial and social resources. The purpose of this paper is to describe people's general state of preparedness for their future as older persons, identify specific attitudes towards ageing and key characteristics that portend a lesser degree of preparedness, and identify the issues that need greater emphasis. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: 502 adult participants enlisted on an online polling panel in Canada. Methods: Demographics, attitudes towards the future self and ageing and the responses to the 'Preparedness for the Future Questionnaire' (Prep-FQ) were analysed. Descriptive statistics were used to highlight overall and domain scores (possible score 0-100). Regression models were used to link key demographic characteristics and attitudes to a lower Prep FQ score. Results: The average age of participants was 54.1 years old (range 30-91). The majority (97%) felt it was important to think about themselves as an older person, yet less than 25% of people regularly spent time thinking about what it would be like for them as an older person. The average score on the Prep FQ was 61.6 (range 25-99). Items with the lowest scores were related to advance serious illness planning (medical care, funeral and legacy planning). Factors associated with a higher Prep FQ score included being female, having more education, thinking about when they are older and feeling positive about themselves as an older person. Conclusion: Helping people think and plan ahead more for healthy ageing may help some people move forward with confidence in creating a long, high-quality life and high-quality death. Helping 'at-risk' people plan for serious illness in advance is a high-priority target for improving people's general state of preparedness for the future.
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- 2022
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11. Mapping Short Warwick and Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS) to Recovering Quality of Life (ReQoL) to estimate health utilities.
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Keetharuth AD, Gray LA, McGrane E, Worboys H, and Orozco-Leal G
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- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Psychometrics methods, Physical Examination, Surveys and Questionnaires, Quality of Life psychology, Mental Health
- Abstract
Background: The Short Warwick and Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS) is a widely used non-preference-based measure of mental health in the UK. The primary aim of this paper is to construct an algorithm to translate the SWEMWBS scores to utilities using the Recovering Quality of Life Utility Index (ReQoL-UI) measure., Methods: Service users experiencing mental health difficulties were recruited in two separate cross-sectional studies in the UK. The following direct mapping functions were used: Ordinary Least Square, Tobit, Generalised Linear Models. Indirect (response) mapping was performed using seemingly unrelated ordered probit to predict responses to each of the ReQoL-UI items and subsequently to predict using UK tariffs of the ReQoL-UI from SWEMWBS. The performance of all models was assessed by the mean absolute errors, root mean square errors between the predicted and observed utilities and graphical representations across the SWEMWBS score range., Results: Analyses were based on 2573 respondents who had complete data on the ReQoL-UI items, SWEMWBS items, age and sex. The direct mapping methods predicted ReQoL-UI scores across the range of SWEMWBS scores reasonably well. Very little differences were found among the three regression specifications in terms of model fit and visual inspection when comparing modelled and actual utility values across the score range of the SWEMWBS. However, when running simulations to consider uncertainty, it is clear that response mapping is superior., Conclusions: This study presents mapping algorithms from SWEMWBS to ReQoL as an alternative way to generate utilities from SWEMWBS. The algorithm from the indirect mapping is recommended to predict utilities from the SWEMWBS., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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12. Aging is inevitable: understanding aging anxiety related to physical symptomology and quality of life with the mediating role of self-esteem in adults
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Yawar, Rowaida, Khan, Soulat, Rafiq, Maryam, Fawad, Nimra, Shams, Sundas, Navid, Saher, Khan, Muhammad Abdullah, Taufiq, Nabiha, Touqir, Areesha, Imran, Moazma, and Butt, Tayyab Ali
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- 2024
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13. Digital mental health interventions for people with epilepsy: A systematic review.
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Lecce F, Smith CR, and Burbach FR
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- Adult, Child, Humans, Adolescent, Anxiety therapy, Psychotherapy methods, Mental Health, Quality of Life
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Objective: Although mental health difficulties are common in people with epilepsy, their assessment and treatment are rarely incorporated into routine medical care, with detrimental effects on quality of life. Several barriers to access traditional face to face interventions have been identified, including travel restriction and shortage of appropriately trained mental health clinicians. Digital mental health interventions offer the potential to improve access to mental health treatment. The main aim of the present study is to systematically review the empirical literature to identify what digital mental health interventions for adults, children and young people with epilepsy are currently available, as well as exploring if these interventions are effective in improving mental health and wellbeing., Methods: Searches were conducted using the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Embase. The reference lists of papers collected were examined in order to identify any further relevant articles cited in peer-reviewed journals. A total of 1490 papers were identified; of these 11 were included in this review. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42022318658) and the PRISMA 2020 statement was followed., Results: Seven digital interventions were identified. All interventions were based predominantly on CBT and mindfulness techniques and showed promising results in reducing symptoms of depression, with some studies also reporting encouraging results in reducing anxiety and improving satisfaction with life and the quality of life of adults and children and young people with epilepsy., Conclusions: In summary, digital mental health interventions for people with epilepsy seem to be effective and have the potential to improve access to psychological interventions and reach underserved clinical populations. However, further well-powered and methodological rigorous studies are needed to confirm the effect of such interventions for people with epilepsy., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None declared., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
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- 2023
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14. Visibility as a Key Dimension to Better Health-Related Quality of Life and Mental Health: Results of the European Union Funded "ME-WE" Online Survey Study on Adolescent Young Carers in Switzerland.
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Guggiari E, Fatton M, Becker S, Lewis F, Casu G, Hoefman R, Hanson E, Santini S, Boccaletti L, Nap HH, Hlebec V, Wirth A, and Leu A
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- Humans, Male, Female, Adolescent, Switzerland, European Union, Caregivers psychology, Quality of Life, Mental Health
- Abstract
This paper examines the health-related quality of life (HRQL) and mental health of adolescent young carers (AYCs) aged 15-17 in Switzerland, based on data collected within the Horizon 2020 project 'Psychosocial support for promoting mental health and well-being among AYCs in Europe' (ME-WE). It addresses the following questions: (1) Which characteristics of AYCs are associated with lower HRQL and with higher level of mental health problems? (2) Do AYCs who are less visible and less supported report a lower HRQL and more mental health issues than other AYCs? A total of 2343 young people in Switzerland, amongst them 240 AYCs, completed an online survey. The results show that female AYCs and AYCs with Swiss nationality more often reported having mental health issues than their male and non-Swiss counterparts. Furthermore, the findings show a significant association between receiving support for themselves and visibility from their school or employer and the HRQL. Moreover, AYCs who reported that their school or employer knew about the situation also reported fewer mental health issues. These findings can inform recommendations for policy and practice to develop measures aimed at raising the visibility of AYCs, which is the first step for planning AYC tailored support.
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- 2023
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15. Measuring quality of life for people with common mental health problems.
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Wickramasekera N and Tubeuf S
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- Humans, Pilot Projects, Surveys and Questionnaires, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Quality of Life, Mental Health
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Background: It is important to identify valid and acceptable outcome measures so that interventions evaluating common mental health problems can be assessed appropriately. Some advocate the use of generic preference-based measures claimed to be applicable for all health interventions, but others argue that they are insensitive for common mental health problems. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), to be used in cost-effectiveness studies in people with common mental health problems., Method: The CORE-OM measure was tested for completeness, acceptability and responsiveness in a pilot study. Analyses for missing data, distribution of scores, and standardised response means (SRMs) were calculated., Results: Missing data did not exceed 5% for any of the CORE-6D items both at baseline and follow-up. The overall comprehension rate was high, and only 19 participants (14%) requested clarifications to complete the questionnaire. As expected in a feasibility study, there was a small and non-significant SRM., Conclusion: CORE-OM is a valid and acceptable instrument to evaluate quality of life for people with common mental health problems. More research is needed with larger sample sizes to compare CORE-6D with other condition specific quality of life instruments.
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- 2023
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16. A comparison of mental health of student and not student emerging adults living in Ecuador.
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Paz C and Evans C
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- Humans, Adult, Ecuador, Life Style, Mental Health, Quality of Life psychology
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Most of the studies about mental health and quality of life of emerging adults have been conducted in developed countries and non-students' population has been neglected, limiting the generalisation of the results to other socioeconomic realities. This paper reports the results of an observational study on differences between the two cohorts (students vs non-students) both on mental health and quality of life measures but also on demographic, lifestyle and mental health variables in emerging adults living in a middle-income country. Associations between variables and interactions in the prediction of both outcomes scores were explored to understand how much other variables may contribute to differences between the two groups. We found poorer mental health and worse health-related quality of life in the students than the non-students, although effect sizes were small. Differences between the groups on some sociodemographic predictor variables were statistically significant, showing fairly strong effects, for social status, sleeping hours and parenting, however, none of the predictor variables showed confounding with group effects on both outcomes. Developing countries are growing and work forces are changing, creating a huge global need to understand these changes and the effects on the mental health and quality of life of this evolving population.Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04596345)., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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17. Alpha-Stim AID cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) anxiety treatment: anxiety, depression and health-related quality-of-life outcomes in primary health-care social prescribing services
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Griffiths, Chris, da Silva, Ksenija, Jiang, Harmony, Walker, Kate, Smart, David, Zafar, Azhar, Deeks, Sarah, Galvin, Sinead, and Shah, Taz
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- 2023
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18. Determining the relationship between diet inflammatory index, mental status and quality of life in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study
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Guldali, Merve, Guveli, Hakan, Cetin, Ferhat, Kenger, Emre Batuhan, Ozlu, Tugce, and Ergun, Can
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- 2023
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19. Quality of Life: Updated Psychometric Properties and New Norm Values in a Representative German Sample Focusing Socioeconomics and Mental Health.
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Hettich N, Beutel ME, Krakau L, and Braehler E
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- Humans, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Socioeconomic Factors, Reproducibility of Results, Quality of Life psychology, Mental Health
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Objectives: Quality of life (QOL) is increasingly used as indicator in health research. The aim of this paper was an updated psychometric validation and a new standardization of the German version of the EUROHIS-QOL using a sample of the German general population assessed in 2021. The study focused on socio-economic characteristics and on anxiety and depressiveness as major indicators of mental health. Methods: With 8 items, the EUROHIS-QOL is an economical instrument for self-assessment. Results: Statistical tests revealed good psychometric properties. Gender- and age-group-specific norm values were calculated. The EUROHIS-QOL showed good discriminant validity for anxiety and depression symptoms. Participants without clinically relevant scores for depressiveness and anxiety reported significantly higher QOL. Multiple regression analysis showed that unemployment, younger age, not living with a partner, and an immigrant background were important predictors of lower QOL, whereas higher income, living in one's own home, and a high level of education predicted higher QOL. Conclusion: The EUROHIS-QOL was confirmed as an economical and reliable instrument for assessing QOL in the German general population., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Hettich, Beutel, Krakau and Braehler.)
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- 2022
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20. Understanding the impact of 'wish-granting' interventions on the health and well-being of children with life-threatening health conditions and their families: A systematic review.
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Heath G, Screti C, Pattison H, and Knibb R
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- Adaptation, Psychological, Child, Humans, Parents psychology, Siblings, Mental Health, Quality of Life
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This review aimed to explore how wish-granting interventions impact on the health and well-being of children with life-threatening health conditions and their families, using any study design. Six electronic databases (Medline; PsycINFO; CINAHL; Embase; AMED and HMIC) were systematically searched to identify eligible research articles. Studies were critically appraised using a Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were synthesized narratively. 10 papers were included, reporting studies conducted across five countries, published from 2007 to 2019. Study designs were diverse (four quantitative; two qualitative and four mixed method). Results indicated improvements to physical and mental health, quality of life, social well-being, resilience and coping for wish children, parents and siblings. In conclusion, wish-granting interventions can positively impact health and therefore should not be discouraged; however, more research is needed to define and quantify the impact of wish fulfilment and to understand how it can be maximized.
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- 2022
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21. A transdiagnostic psychosocial prevention-intervention service for young people in the Republic of Georgia: early results of the effectiveness study.
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Makhashvili N, Javakhishvili JD, Chikovani I, Bevan-Jones R, Uchaneishvili M, Pilauri K, Shengelia N, Marjanishvili N, Sulaberidze L, Sikharulidze K, Roberts B, and Bisson J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety Disorders therapy, Georgia, Georgia (Republic) epidemiology, Humans, Young Adult, Mental Health, Quality of Life
- Abstract
Background: The decade between the ages of 14 and 25 is a particularly vulnerable period for the development of mental health problems, especially of common mental disorders. Mental health and psychosocial prevention and support services for young people in the Republic of Georgia have been extremely limited, leaving a wide treatment and care gap. Club Synergy was designed as an innovative, pragmatic solution that is responsive to the needs of young people and incorporates all necessary levels of care required (prevention, early identification & intervention, and treatment) into a single, trauma-informed service that uses a transdiagnostic approach. This paper presents preliminary findings from the pilot phase of establishing and running the service., Aim: To examine the characteristics of young people presenting to Club Synergy and the effectiveness of contact with the service., Methods: Quantitative evaluation of a consecutive series of young people seen by Club Synergy between November 2019 and July 2020. Demographic information was analysed using descriptive statistics. Pre-post outcomes for anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9) and health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) were analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test., Results: Hundred and seventy-four young people were included. The majority (68.9%) self-referred, with referral from The Ministry of Justice due to conflict with law (23%) accounting for most of the other young people seen. Emotional disturbance (73.6%), anxiety (60.3%), problems in interpersonal relationships (57.5%) and low mood (49.4%) were the commonest presenting symptoms. Seventy-three per cent reported 4 or more adverse childhood experiences. After engaging in transdiagnostic modules, median baseline scores for depression and anxiety reduced by 40% and 45%, respectively, and self-rated health improved by 14%., Conclusions: Preliminary analysis indicates that Club Synergy's trauma-informed model of care, based on a transdiagnostic approach, has the potential to provide an effective service to young people in Georgia at risk of developing and with mental health problems., Highlights: This pragmatic study of a newly established mental health service for young people in Georgia suggests that a trauma-informed approach, using transdiagnostic modules, has the potential to effectively prevent and treat common mental health presentations., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)
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- 2022
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22. Cost-effectiveness of a mental health drop-in centre for young people with long-term physical conditions.
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Clarke H, Morris W, Catanzano M, Bennett S, Coughtrey AE, Heyman I, Liang H, Shafran R, and Batura N
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- Adolescent, Child, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Humans, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Mental Health, Quality of Life
- Abstract
Background: Paediatric patients being treated for long-term physical health conditions (LTCs) have elevated mental health needs. However, mental health services in the community are difficult to access in the usual course of care for these patients. The Lucy Project - a self-referral drop-in access point-was a program to address this gap by enrolling patients for low-intensity psychological interventions during their treatment for LTCs. In this paper, we evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the Lucy Project., Methods: Using a pre-post design, we evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the intervention by calculating the base-case incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) using outcomes data and expenses recorded by project staff. The target population was paediatric patients enrolled in the program with an average age of 9 years, treated over a time horizon of 6 months. Outcome data were collected via the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory, which was converted to health utility scores using an instrument found in the literature. The QALYs were estimated using these health utility scores and the length of the intervention. We calculate a second, practical-case incremental cost-effectiveness ratio using streamlined costing figures with maximum capacity patient enrolment within a one-year time horizon, and capturing lessons learned post-trial., Results: The base-case model showed an ICER of £21,220/Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY) gained, while the practical model showed an ICER of £4,359/QALY gained. The practical model suggests the intervention garners significant gains in quality of life at an average cost of £309 per patient. Sensitivity analyses reveal use of staff time was the greatest determinant of the ICER, and the intervention is cost-effective 75% of the time in the base-case model, and 94% of the time in the practical-case model at a cost-effectiveness threshold of £20,000/QALY gained., Conclusions: We find the base-case intervention improves patient outcomes and can be considered cost-effective according to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) threshold of £20,000-£30,000/QALY gained, and the practical-case intervention is roughly four times as cost-effective as the base-case. We recommend future studies incorporate a control group to corroborate the effect size of the intervention., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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23. Improvisers’ experiences across neurotypes of participating in improv comedy
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Keates, Nathan and Beadle-Brown, Julie
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- 2023
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24. COVID-19 behavioral health and quality of life.
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Hansel TC, Saltzman LY, Melton PA, Clark TL, and Bordnick PS
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety psychology, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 virology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatry, Stress, Psychological psychology, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Anxiety epidemiology, COVID-19 psychology, Depression epidemiology, Mental Health statistics & numerical data, Quality of Life, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification, Stress, Psychological epidemiology
- Abstract
In addition to concern about physical health consequences of COVID-19, many researchers also note the concerning impact on behavioral health and quality of life due to disruption. The purpose of this paper is to explore pathways of COVID-19 behavioral health and quality of life. We found increased anxiety, depression, and alcohol misuse and that the pandemic exacerbated prior problems. Further community indicators also lead to poorer behavioral health and overall decreased quality of life. The nature of COVID-19 and vast reach of the virus suggests that behavioral health concerns should take a primary role in pandemic recovery., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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25. The effectiveness of happiness training on quality of life in women with premenstrual syndrome: a randomized, controlled, clinical trial
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Tanhayi, Azize, Mirghafourvand, Mojgan, Kondori, Jafar, Moheb, Naiemeh, Malakutie, Jamileh, and Hajizadeh, Khadije
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- 2023
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26. Instruments to assess quality of life in people with mental health problems: a systematic review and dimension analysis of generic, domain- and disease-specific instruments.
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van Krugten FCW, Feskens K, Busschbach JJV, Hakkaart-van Roijen L, and Brouwer WBF
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- Cost-Benefit Analysis, Humans, Mental Health, Quality of Life
- Abstract
Objectives: The importance of economic evaluations of mental healthcare interventions is increasingly recognized. Despite the multitude of available quality of life instruments, concerns have been raised regarding the content validity of these instruments, and hence suitability for use in mental health. The aim of this paper, therefore, was to assess the content validity and the suitability of existing quality of life instruments for use in economic evaluations in mental health problems., Methods: In order to identify available quality of life instruments used in people with mental health problems, a systematic review was performed using the Embase, Medline and PsycINFO databases (time period January 2012 to January 2018). Two reviewers independently assessed study eligibility and executed data extraction. The evaluation framework of Connell and colleagues was used to assess whether the identified quality of life instruments cover the dimensions valued highly by people with mental health problems. Two reviewers independently mapped the content of each identified instrument onto the evaluation framework and indicated the extent to which the instrument covered each of the dimensions of the evaluation framework., Results: Searches of databases yielded a total of 5727 references. Following duplicate removal and double-independent screening, 949 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. A total of 44 unique quality of life instruments were identified, of which 12 were adapted versions of original instruments. The best coverage of the dimensions of the evaluation framework of Connell and colleagues was by the WHOQOL-100, S-QoL, SQLS, EDQoL, QLI and the IMHQOL, but none fully covered all dimensions of the evaluation framework., Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the multitude of available quality of life instruments used in people with mental health problems and indicate that none of the available quality of life instruments fully cover the dimensions previously found to be important in people with mental health problems. Future research should explore the possibilities of refining or expanding existing instruments as well as the development and testing of new quality of life instruments to ensure that all relevant quality of life dimensions for people with mental health problems are covered in evaluations., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
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- 2021
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27. Review: Physical activity interventions for the mental health and well-being of adolescents - a systematic review.
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Hale GE, Colquhoun L, Lancastle D, Lewis N, and Tyson PJ
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- Adolescent, Exercise, Humans, Self Concept, Mental Health, Quality of Life
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Background: Rates of physical activity decline throughout adolescence, and evidence indicates that this has an adverse impact on psychological health. This paper aims to synthesise available evidence for physical activity interventions on the mental health and well-being of young people (11-19 years) from the general population., Method: Nine databases were searched to identify studies published between January 2005 and June 2020: Web of Science, ProQuest Psychology Journals, PsycINFO, Pub Med, ASSIA, CINHAL PLUS, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE and Wiley Online Library. Key search terms included 'physical activity intervention', 'mental health' and 'adolescen*'. Eligible studies were independently screened by two authors based on inclusion/exclusion criteria., Results: Twenty-eight interventions were narratively synthesised in four categories: Quality of Life (QOL), self-esteem, psychological well-being and psychological ill-being (e.g. depression, stress). A large proportion (67.9%) of interventions were multicomponent and combined physical activity with other features such as health education (e.g. nutrition). However, only a limited number (N = 5) specifically addressed mental health. Findings suggest that interventions are useful in improving psychological well-being and QOL, yet evidence for self-esteem is mixed., Conclusions: Although effectiveness in improving well-being is evident, evidence for a reduction in the frequency and severity of mental health problems is less clear. A summary of the overall impact of physical activity interventions on the mental health of young people is presented., (© 2021 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.)
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- 2021
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28. Title of presented paper: Changes in the mental health and education of Ukrainian students amidst wartime.
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Miahkokhlib, Anatolii, Zezekalo, Anastasia, Oluyemisi, Sogebi Mofiyinfoluwa, Oluwatise, Odulate Olawale, and Mamontova, Veronika
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MENTAL health ,HEALTH education ,UKRAINIAN students ,INDUSTRIAL mobilization ,QUESTIONNAIRES - Abstract
Introduction and aim. Since the beginning of war in Ukraine, millions of people fled the country, exposed to the horrors of war that ruined their lives. But, mental health and changes in quality of life (QL) among young Ukrainians were not studied yet. The aim of this study was to access impact of war on depression status and QL among Ukrainian students. Material and methods. A survey-based cross-sectional study was performed among 95 Ukrainian students, who studied at the universities from September to October 2022. Depression was assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), QL -- Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results. 93% of respondents continue their education at the Ukrainian universities at 2022-23 academic year, while the rest were unable to return to the education. Currently, the main hosting countries for students are the EU countries. 19% of respondents were forced to leave their home and become an internally displaced person. SF-36 survey showed that the main changes associated with psychological status are: role limitations due to emotional problems -- 42.8±4.25%, vitality -- 46.2±2.2%, mental health -- 52.9±2.2%. PHQ-9 showed that mild depression was detected in 32,9% persons, moderate depression -- 24.3% persons, severe -- 14.3% and extremely severe -- 14,3% persons. Conclusion. The war negatively changed lifestyle of Ukrainian student via forced relocation and disability to continue education in universities. Among students were detected severe and extremely severe depression, low level of QL due to changes in mental health during war in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
29. An In-Home Withdrawal Service for individuals with low-to-moderate substance dependence: implementation and program evaluation.
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Mussared, James, Oni, Helen Tosin, Gregory, Taylah Jacinta, Fernandes, Andrew, Mazzacano, Anna, Kadarusman, Debby, and Fraser, Sarah
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PREVENTION of drug addiction ,SELF-evaluation ,HEALTH services accessibility ,HUMAN services programs ,MENTAL health ,HEALTH status indicators ,SUBSTANCE abuse treatment ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,MEDICAL care ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SURVEYS ,PATIENT-centered care ,EXPERIENCE ,THEMATIC analysis ,ATTITUDES of medical personnel ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL records ,QUALITY of life ,COMMUNICATION ,TREATMENT programs ,HOME rehabilitation ,PATIENTS' attitudes - Abstract
Background: Sonder's In-Home Withdrawal Service (IHWS) has been providing a unique home-based, multidisciplinary, wraparound withdrawal option for people with low-to-moderate levels of substance dependence since September 2019. This paper provides an evaluation of the service's overall impact on reducing substance use among clients through the delivery of this innovative service model. The evaluation explores the acceptability and feasibility of the service via client, stakeholder, and staff perspectives. Methods: A mixed-method design was used to evaluate the IHWS. Descriptive analysis of quantitative data was conducted using clinical assessments from client records and online feedback surveys. Qualitative data from client, staff, and stakeholder feedback surveys were analysed thematically. Results: Overall, 1166 referrals were received over the lifespan of the service, and a data set of 96 clients was included in the analysis. Self-reported measures showed that most clients decreased their substance use (89%), improved their psychological health status (75%), improved their physical health (65%), improved their quality of life (69%), and improved their understanding and ability to manage their alcohol and other drugs (AOD) use (84%). Client feedback suggests the service is providing a unique option for AOD withdrawal. Stakeholders commend the service's home-based setting, multidisciplinary and person-centred approach to care, and recommended expansion of the service to increase access for clients and reduce demand on inpatient settings. Conclusions: The IHWS is having a significant impact in reducing substance use and highlights the need for increased access to holistic approaches to withdrawal. This includes pre- and post-withdrawal support and the inclusion of multidisciplinary teams, and engaging lived experience practitioners. A focus on funding primary-based services is required to meet the rising costs of tertiary-based care and to better meet the needs of consumers. Individuals with low-to-moderate levels of substance dependence require targeted services to safely manage their withdrawal. This paper evaluates a holistic approach to withdrawal that broadens the common medicalised approach through pre- and post-withdrawal stages of care and support from a multidisciplinary team including lived experience practitioners. The service reduces levels of substance use while also improving overall quality of life, demonstrating the need for more withdrawal services to consider the inclusion of holistic approaches to substance dependence support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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30. The impact of COVID-19-related distress on levels of depression, anxiety and quality of life in psychogeriatric patients
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Lena Ochs, Sina Lippold, Anja Schneider, Christine Westerteicher, Klaus Fliessbach, and Carolin Miklitz
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Quality of life ,medicine.medical_specialty ,epidemiology [Cognitive Dysfunction] ,epidemiology [Germany] ,Disease ,Anxiety ,Psychological Distress ,Germany ,psychology [Quality of Life] ,Medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,ddc:610 ,Psychiatry ,Pandemics ,Biological Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Aged ,epidemiology [Depression] ,Original Paper ,business.industry ,Depression ,COVID-19 ,epidemiology [Anxiety] ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,epidemiology [COVID-19] ,Mental health ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Distress ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,psychology [COVID-19] ,Psychogeriatric patients ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Psychosocial ,Geriatric psychiatry - Abstract
Within the elderly population, psychogeriatric patients may be particularly susceptible to negative mental health effects of the coronavirus crisis. Detailed information about the psychosocial well-being of psychogeriatric patients during the pandemic is still sparse. Here we examined which aspects of subjective experience of the COVID-19 pandemic especially affect levels of depression, anxiety and quality of life in psychogeriatric patients with and without cognitive impairment. A cross-sectional paper survey was conducted during the first German lockdown among patients with a diagnosed psychiatric disorder (≥ 60 years) or a diagnosed neurodegenerative disease (regardless of their age) from the department for neurodegenerative diseases and geriatric psychiatry at the University of Bonn. The WHO-5-, GAD-7- and WHOQOL-old score were used to determine levels of depression, anxiety and quality of life. The second part obtained information about the subjective experience of the COVID-19 pandemic. Statistical analysis included among others principal component analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. COVID-19-related, immediate distress was a strong predictor of elevated symptoms of depression, anxiety and a reduced quality of life. COVID-19-related concerns regarding health and financial security, however, were not significantly associated with negative mental health outcomes. The overall prevalence of symptoms of depression (50.8% [95% CI 43.8–57.6%]) and anxiety (32.7% [95% CI 26.4–39.2%]) among psychogeriatric patients was high. Our findings indicate that psychogeriatric patients are not significantly affected by COVID-19-related concerns but are primarily suffering from emotional consequences resulting from changed living conditions due to the pandemic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00406-021-01340-1.
- Published
- 2021
31. Commentary on the systematic review: Models of care for improving health-related quality of life, mental health, or mortality in persons with multimorbidity: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
- Author
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Eriksen, Christian U, Kamstrup–Larsen, Nina, Birke, Hanne, Helding, Sofie A L, Ghith, Nermin, Andersen, John S, and Frølich, Anne
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DATABASES ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,MENTAL health ,QUALITY of life ,QUALITY assurance ,INFORMATION resources ,COMORBIDITY - Abstract
This document is a commentary on a systematic review of care models for individuals with multimorbidity, or multiple chronic conditions. The authors acknowledge that they unintentionally omitted an important paper from their review, titled "The CARE Plus study." This study found that a whole-system intervention in primary care can improve the quality of life for multimorbid patients in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation. The authors state that the inclusion of this paper would not change the conclusions of their systematic review. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
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32. Characterizing the Development of Research Landscapes in Substance Use and HIV/AIDS During 1990 to 2021.
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Tham Thi Nguyen, Hien Thu Nguyen, Huyen Phuc Do, Cyrus SH Ho, and Roger CM Ho
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HEALTH policy ,HIV infections ,SUBSTANCE abuse ,SERIAL publications ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,MENTAL health ,MEDICAL care ,HUMAN services programs ,QUALITY of life ,HEALTH care teams ,RESEARCH funding ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,POLICY sciences ,CONTENT analysis ,HIV ,AIDS ,MEDICAL research ,DATA mining - Abstract
Mitigating the impacts of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and substance use requires comprehensive and systematic thinking in designing interventions and developing policies. This study describes the growth of research publications from 1991 to 2021 in the Web of Science database and points out current research landscapes in the fields of HIV/AIDS and substance use. Latent Dirichlet Allocation was used for classifying 21 359 papers into corresponding topics. The most common topics were HIV transmission, HIV infection, quality of life and mental health of substance users, and the biomedical effect of substance use. Emerging research landscapes include vulnerabilities of people who inject drugs to HIV transmission and related health problems. This study found a lack of research on health services, interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral in combination with clinical evaluation and treatment services. Future investment and implementation of HIV/AIDS and substance use programs should focus on research of health services and clinical evaluation, especially context-specific interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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33. A Randomized, Community-Based Feasibility Trial of Modified ESDM for Toddlers with Suspected Autism
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Pat Mirenda, Paola Colozzo, Veronica Smith, Ed Kroc, Karen Kalynchuk, Sally J. Rogers, and Wendy J. Ungar
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Parents ,Pediatric Research Initiative ,Canada ,Autism Spectrum Disorder ,Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) ,Autism ,education ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Developmental & Child Psychology ,Education ,Parent coaching ,7.1 Individual care needs ,Clinical Research ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Early Intervention, Educational ,Community-based ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Humans ,Educational ,Autistic Disorder ,Child ,Preschool ,Pediatric ,Original Paper ,Preemptive intervention ,Early Intervention ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Feasibility ,Brain Disorders ,Mental Health ,Child, Preschool ,Quality of Life ,Feasibility Studies ,Management of diseases and conditions - Abstract
A randomized feasibility trial of a parent coaching (PC) intervention was conducted across 16 community agencies in a Canadian province. Parents of toddlers with suspected autism were assigned to either a PC group (n = 24) or an enhanced community treatment (ECT) group (n = 25). PC participants received 24 weeks of coaching support from community service providers trained in the project. Children in both groups also received available community services and supplementary materials. PC children made significantly greater gains in word understanding and PC parents had significantly higher quality of life, satisfaction, and self-efficacy scores. Results are discussed in terms of the challenges of conducting feasibility studies in community settings and the lessons learned in the project. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10803-021-05390-1.
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- 2022
34. Behavioural sleep problems in children and adults with intellectual disabilities: An integrative literature review.
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Harper, Lynette, McAnelly, Su, Walshe, Ian, Ooms, Ann, and Tuffrey‐Wijne, Irene M.
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WELL-being ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,CINAHL database ,LIFESTYLES ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MENTAL health ,HEALTH status indicators ,SLEEP hygiene ,SLEEP disorders in children ,SLEEP disorders ,RISK assessment ,COMPARATIVE studies ,QUALITY of life ,LEARNING disabilities ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,HEALTH care teams ,LITERATURE reviews ,INTELLECTUAL disabilities ,COMORBIDITY ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Background: People with intellectual disabilities are more likely to experience sleep problems, which can affect quality of life, physical health, mental health and well‐being. Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted to investigate what is known about behavioural sleep disturbances in people with an intellectual disability. The search used the following databases: Scopus, PsycInfo and Cinahl, to find papers published since 2015. Results: Within intellectual disability research, sleep appears as a common issue due to its high prevalence, negative relationships with an individual's physical and mental health, their quality of life, and impact of sleep problems on family or carers. The growing evidence base appears to support the use of behavioural, lifestyle and pharmacological interventions to improve sleep in people with an intellectual disability. Conclusion: A wide array of literature provides evidence that people with intellectual disabilities are affected by and need support with their sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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35. Reviewing the Landscape of Cancer Survivorship: Insights from Dr. Lidia Schapira's Programs and Beyond.
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Cortiana, Viviana, Abbas, Rabab Hunaid, Nadar, Soumiya, Mahendru, Diksha, Gambill, Jade, Menon, Gayathri Pramil, Park, Chandler H., and Leyfman, Yan
- Subjects
TUMOR prevention ,HEALTH literacy ,HOLISTIC medicine ,HUMAN services programs ,MENTAL health ,CANCER ,CANCER patient medical care ,EARLY detection of cancer ,PHYSICIANS' attitudes ,INFORMATION resources ,PATIENT-centered care ,PROFESSIONS ,QUALITY of life ,HEALTH promotion ,CANCER patient psychology ,ONCOLOGISTS ,INDIVIDUALIZED medicine ,WELL-being - Abstract
Simple Summary: This review begins by exploring the escalating global population of cancer survivors, drawing inspiration from Dr. Lidia Schapira's Keynote Conference on Survivorship 1.0 and Survivorship 2.0 Programs. It presents and discusses the transformed and constantly evolving landscape of cancer care, emphasizing patient-centric strategies within Cancer Survivorship Programs, including connection, support, and education. While spotlighting cancer recurrence surveillance, concerns arise regarding potential oversights in addressing the enduring mental and physical health impacts. The study further navigates mental health challenges faced by survivors providing strategies to mitigate them, insights into promising research areas, such as Precision Medicine's role in de-escalating oncology therapies, as well as advocating for early cancer awareness and referrals to supportive services. Dr. Schapira's insights also extend to examining online resources, emphasizing their role in educating healthcare practitioners and future generations in cancer care. Additionally, the paper aims to identify knowledge gaps in cancer care and envision future developments toward accurate, holistic care, improving survivor quality of life, and enhancing mental and physical well-being. The constantly escalating population of cancer survivors worldwide has prompted a focused exploration of their unique needs and experiences within the context of healthcare medicine. This review initiates its analysis inspired by Dr. Lidia Schapira's insightful keynote conference on the Survivorship 1.0 and Survivorship 2.0 Programs, shedding light on their implementation challenges and setting the stage for a comprehensive analysis of cancer survivorship initiatives. Within the transformed landscape of cancer care, patient-centric strategies embedded in cancer survivorship programs comprising vital elements such as connection, support, and education are presented. While placing cancer recurrence surveillance at the forefront, the review underlines concern regarding the potential oversight of the enduring impact on mental and physical health. Dr. Schapira's insights further extend into the exploration of mental health challenges faced by survivors, promoting an examination of diverse strategies to address these concerns. Furthermore, the discussion continues toward promising areas of research, notably Precision Medicine's role in de-escalating cancer therapies, and advocates for measures such as early cancer awareness and timely referrals to supportive services. Highlighting the significance of education, the role of online resources in enhancing the knowledge of healthcare practitioners and future generations in cancer care is then explored. The paper concludes by presenting some of the most prominent global current survivorship programs, identifying critical knowledge gaps in cancer care and projecting future developments aimed at delivering accurate and holistic care, improving the quality of life for survivors, and enhancing both mental and physical well-being. Drawing upon the insights from Dr. Schapira, this review lays the groundwork for a nuanced exploration of cancer survivorship and its multifaceted implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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36. Unraveling the psychological impact of telogen effluvium: Understanding hair loss beyond the scalp.
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Toader, Mihaela Paula, Condurache Hrițcu, Oana Mihaela, Popa, Cristina, Sciucă, Ana Maria, Onofrei, Bianca Andreea, and Toader, Ștefan Vasile
- Subjects
TELOGEN ,BALDNESS ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,QUALITY of life ,MENTAL health - Abstract
Telogen effluvium is a common form of hair loss characterized by diffuse thinning of hair on the scalp due to early entry of hair into the telogen phase. It often occurs as a reaction to physical or psychological stress, hormonal changes, or certain medications and can affect individuals of all ages and genders. This paper aims to explore the psychological impact of telogen effluvium, a frequently overlooked aspect of this condition. We investigate how this form of hair loss affects mental health, self-esteem, and overall quality of life. The review utilizes a comprehensive literature search in databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO. We included studies focusing on telogen effluvium and its psychological consequences, prioritizing recent publications and high-quality evidence. The review highlights a significant association between telogen effluvium and psychological distress, including increased risks of anxiety, depression, and social phobia. The condition profoundly impacts self-image and can lead to decreased social interaction and diminished quality of life. Understanding the psychological impact of telogen effluvium is crucial for effective patient management. A holistic approach, incorporating both medical and psychological interventions, is recommended to address the comprehensive needs of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
37. Loneliness or Sociability: The Impact of Social Participation on the Mental Health of the Elderly Living Alone.
- Author
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Luo, Juan, Guo, Yijia, and Tian, Zhili
- Subjects
SOCIAL participation ,CROSS-sectional method ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,MENTAL health ,SATISFACTION ,LONELINESS ,MENTAL depression ,QUALITY of life ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,CENTER for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale ,SOCIAL skills ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,ANXIETY ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Background. China will inevitably enter a medium, severe, or deep aging society in the future, and the number of elderly people living alone is also increasing. Mental health is a major issue for older people living alone. With the deepening of aging, social participation has become an important way to promote mental health and improve the quality of life of the elderly. Methods. This study uses data from Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Based on the CLHLS data of 2018, this paper uses multiple ordered logistic models to measure the mental health level of elderly people living alone through two dimensions of depression and anxiety and carries out a heterogeneity analysis on the mental health level of elderly people living alone. Results. The analysis of 2477 elderly people living alone shows that the increase of social participation in simple communication can reduce the degree of depression and anxiety of elderly people living alone, and the decrease of social participation in self-recreation can reduce the degree of depression and anxiety of elderly people living alone. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis found that the heterogeneity of social participation was more significant among the elderly living alone with different genders, ages, places of residence, and self-care abilities. Limitations. This study has some limitations, and CES-D-10 is a screening tool and cannot fully determine the presence of depression in high-rise older adults living alone. Conclusions. In the future, primary healthcare-targeted interventions can be provided according to the different degrees of depression and anxiety of elderly people living alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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38. The effects of scar in psychological disorder: A bibliometric analysis from 2003 to 2022.
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Wu, Jinyao, Zou, Juan, Yang, Qiuping, Wang, Haiting, Tian, Huiting, Chen, Lingzhi, Ji, Zeqi, Zheng, Daitian, Li, Zhiyang, and Xie, Yanna
- Subjects
MENTAL illness risk factors ,SCARS ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,SELF-perception ,MENTAL health ,RISK assessment ,RESEARCH funding ,MENTAL depression ,QUALITY of life ,SOCIAL skills ,ANXIETY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress - Abstract
Scars are fibrous tissues that replace normal tissue during the wound healing process. Scarring can lead to low self‐esteem, social impairment, depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric and psychological distress, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the latest perspectives, topical research, and directions in scarring‐mental health. This is a biblioshiny and VOSviewer based bibliometric analysis study. All data were obtained from the Web of Science, and a total of 664 articles from 2003 to 2022 met the criteria. The last 7 years have been a period of rapid growth in the field, with 2022 having the highest number of articles. The United States is the core country with the highest production and citation rate. The most cited literature was written in 2003 by Van Loey NE et al. Van Loey NE is the most prolific and influential author in this field. The top five popular keywords include "quality of life", "depression", "management", "anxiety", and "prevalence". The paper concludes that the current focus of scholars in the field is on the treatment of scars and that multidisciplinary treatment of such patients is worth exploring. These findings provide relevant researchers with the current state of research and possible future directions in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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39. Sociodemographic and lifestyle predictors of mental health adaptability during COVID-19 compulsory confinement: A longitudinal study in the Portuguese population
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Pedro Morgado, Sonia Maria Soares Ferreira, Catarina Raposo-Lima, Maria Picó-Pérez, Mafalda Machado-Sousa, and Beatriz Couto
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Adult ,Male ,Quality of life ,Gerontology ,Longitudinal study ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Anxiety ,Isolation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,medicine ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Life Style ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,media_common ,education.field_of_study ,Portugal ,Resilience ,Depression ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Mental health ,Neuroticism ,3. Good health ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Mental Health ,Longitudinal ,Female ,Psychological resilience ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Research Paper - Abstract
Background The outbreak of COVID-19 and the physical isolation measures taken by the governments to reduce its propagation might have negative psychological consequences on the population. In this study, we aimed to explore, for the first time, how mental health status fluctuated along the weeks of the emergency state in Portugal, and to identify which factors may shape these changes in mental health outcomes. Methods To this end, we conducted an online survey to evaluate demographic, lifestyle and mental health variables (DASS-21 and quality of life) in the Portuguese population at three different time-points. 748 participants (mean age = 39.52, % females = 79.95) provided data at all time-points. Results We observed that depression, anxiety and stress symptoms seemed to improve as the weeks passed during the state of emergency, while the perception of quality of life and sleep got worse. In particular, being female, younger, actively working, and extroverted appear to be protective factors of mental health adaptability during this particular period. On the contrary, having a psychiatric diagnosis or physical illness, and higher neuroticism seem to be risk factors for mental health worsening. Limitations The lack of a more diverse sample could limit the generalizability of our results, and other factors that were not considered in our analysis might also have a significant impact on mental health. Conclusions Our results provide relevant and novel insights about the course of mental health changes and its predictors during the outbreak of COVID-19, which may help identify potential vulnerability groups.
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- 2021
40. Understanding the impact of endometriosis on women's life: an integrative review of systematic reviews.
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Maulenkul, Tilektes, Kuandyk, Alina, Makhadiyeva, Dinara, Dautova, Anar, Terzic, Milan, Oshibayeva, Ainash, Moldaliyev, Ikilas, Ayazbekov, Ardak, Maimakov, Talgat, Saruarov, Yerbolat, Foster, Faye, and Sarria-Santamera, Antonio
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MENTAL illness ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,PELVIC pain ,MIGRAINE ,ENDOMETRIOSIS ,PAIN catastrophizing - Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is a challenging chronic condition with a significant impact on women's well-being. This systematic review of systematic reviews aims to assess the evidence investigating the intricate interplay between endometriosis and quality of life (QoL). Methods: A systematic review was performed for English-language studies up to January 2022 to identify systematic reviews with and without meta-analysis analyzing quantitative or qualitative data The following databases were searched: Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Participants/population were women with endometriosis, and the outcomes included were all reported outcomes evaluating the impact of endometriosis on women's QoL (PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021289347). Results: 15 systematic reviews were identified. 8 included meta-analysis: 4 explored the prevalence of mental health problems, and 1 analyzed, respectively, the overall impact of endometriosis, headache migraine, and sexual function. 7 articles reported on the mental consequences, and three sexual functioning. One was a qualitative review. The impact of the relationships with the healthcare system was analyzed in 3 reviews. Pain is a hallmark of endometriosis. Infertility and sexual problems are also frequent. Depression, anxiety, and stress represent significant contributors to lessening women's QoL. Women have frustrating relationships with the healthcare system: the complex and long diagnostic process, lack of treatment effectiveness, and persistence of symptoms contribute to emotional challenges. Negative cognitive patterns developed by women with emotional distress, such as catastrophizing and fear-avoidance behaviors, amplify the experience of pain. Conclusion: The limitations of this review are the high degree of heterogeneity of papers that include many factors, including comorbidities, and use of medical care that may impact QoL, and that most of them were cross-sectional. Endometriosis is a chronic disease that significantly impacts all domains of women's lifes. Pain, infertility, and stress linked with depression, and anxiety significantly influence QoL. Women are dissatisfied with the care they receive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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41. A randomized trial testing digital medicine support models for mild-to-moderate alcohol use disorder.
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Quanbeck, Andrew, Chih, Ming-Yuan, Park, Linda, Li, Xiang, Xie, Qiang, Pulvermacher, Alice, Voelker, Samantha, Lundwall, Rachel, Eby, Katherine, Barrett, Bruce, and Brown, Randall
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ALCOHOLISM treatment ,SUPPORT groups ,SELF-evaluation ,RESEARCH funding ,MENTAL health ,MEDICAL care ,DIGITAL health ,STATISTICAL sampling ,INTERNET ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,ODDS ratio ,QUALITY of life ,COMPARATIVE studies ,CONFIDENCE intervals - Abstract
This paper reports the results of a hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized trial that systematically varied levels of human oversight required to support the implementation of a digital medicine intervention for persons with mild-to-moderate alcohol use disorder (AUD). Participants were randomly assigned to three groups representing possible digital health support models within a health system: self-monitored use (SM; n = 185), peer-supported use (PS; n = 186), or a clinically integrated model CI; (n = 187). Across all three groups, the percentage of self-reported heavy drinking days dropped from 38.4% at baseline (95% CI [35.8%, 41%]) to 22.5% (19.5%, 25.5%) at 12 months. The clinically integrated group showed significant improvements in mental health and quality of life compared to the self-monitoring group (p = 0.011). However, higher attrition rates in the clinically integrated group warrant consideration in interpreting this result. Results suggest that making a self-guided digital intervention available to patients may be a viable option for health systems looking to promote alcohol risk reduction. This study was prospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov on 7/03/2019 (NCT04011644). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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42. The role of playgrounds in promoting children's health – a scoping review.
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Schipperijn, Jasper, Madsen, Cathrine Damsbo, Toftager, Mette, Johansen, Danielle Nørager, Lousen, Ida, Amholt, Thea Toft, and Pawlowski, Charlotte Skau
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PLAY ,CHILDREN'S health ,SPORTS ,MENTAL health ,HEALTH status indicators ,RESEARCH funding ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,LITERATURE reviews ,QUALITY of life ,HEALTH promotion ,PHYSICAL activity ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems - Abstract
Background: Active outdoor play is important for children's health and development, and playgrounds provide good places for play. However, the importance of playground use for health and well-being is unclear. Our scoping review aims to create an overview of all research on playground use and health benefits for children. Methods: Scopus, Web of Science, SportDiscus, and PsycInfo were searched using two search blocks, focusing on 'playground' and 'children' respectively, for publications from 2000 to November 2023. The primary inclusion criterion was examining the relationship between playground use and positive physical, mental, or social health outcomes. Only papers published in English were reviewed. For each publication, we synthesized and condensed the results, categorizing them by playground setting, reported health outcome, participant age group, study design, methodologies, publication's country, year, and 'stage of evidence'. Results: Data from 247 studies were extracted and nearly 80% of these publications were descriptive or exploratory studies. Fifty-two were intervention studies. Adding playground markings to schoolyards led to increased physical activity. Greening schoolyards had mainly positive effects on social and mental health. In Early Childhood Education and Care, renewing play structures had a positive effect on physical activity in three publications. All Public Open Space interventions we found were different, with mixed effects on health outcomes. Conclusions: The existing evidence provides good arguments for policy makers, city planners and school-leaders to invest in adding playground markings in schoolyards as this will likely result in more physical activity. The evidence for the health benefits of investing in new play structures indicated that tailoring the playground to local needs is important as 'one size does not fit all' and playgrounds need to be designed as engaging and interesting places for children's play if they are to generate health benefits. Investing in 'greening' playgrounds is likely to result in social and mental health benefits for children, but does not always result in more physical activity. The research field needs more efficacy and effectiveness studies, and in particular replication and scale-up studies to demonstrate which type of playground interventions are successful. Protocol: The review protocol was registered at Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/UYN2V). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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43. The effectiveness of brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions for cancer patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis.
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Zhang, Sitao, Song, Huali, Liu, Qian, Zhao, Mingzhu, Bai, Xuechun, Ding, Yiwen, Chen, Li, and Yin, Huiru
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ANXIETY prevention ,PREVENTION of mental depression ,PSYCHOTHERAPY ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,MENTAL health ,RESEARCH funding ,CINAHL database ,REMINISCENCE ,BRIEF psychotherapy ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,META-analysis ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,DIGNITY therapy ,MEDICAL databases ,QUALITY of life ,INFERENTIAL statistics ,REMINISCENCE therapy ,CANCER patient psychology ,ONLINE information services ,DATA analysis software ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,HOPE ,WELL-being - Abstract
Aim: To determine the effectiveness of brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions in alleviating psychological distress in cancer patients. Background: Cancer patients suffer tremendous psycho‐spiritual pain, which affects their quality of life. Brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions have demonstrated positive effects on the mental health of cancer patients; however, the efficacy of these interventions has been inconsistent. Design: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Methods: This review was conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 checklist provided by the EQUATOR network. The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus databases were systematically searched from inception to 27 November 2022 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English. Results: Twenty studies involving 1744 cancer participants were included. The meta‐analysis showed statistically significant effects of brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions on hope, anxiety and depression at post‐intervention. A separate analysis revealed that brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions had a sustainable effect on hope, spiritual well‐being, anxiety and depression at 1 month after the intervention. However, no statistically significant effect on quality of life was found in our study either immediately after the intervention or at 1 month. Conclusions: Brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions can significantly reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms and improve hope and spiritual well‐being in cancer patients. Relevance to Clinical Practice: This study further supports that brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions should be incorporated into the routine care of cancer patients to address their psychosocial distress. Patient or Public Contribution: All authors of this article contributed to the study conception and design. All authors of the included studies provided original data for this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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44. Interventions based on salutogenesis for older adults: An integrative review.
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Guo, Chenming, Deng, Mengying, and Yu, Mingming
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MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,LIFE ,SELF-efficacy ,SELF-management (Psychology) ,MENTAL health ,RESEARCH funding ,ADAPTABILITY (Personality) in old age ,CINAHL database ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,THEMATIC analysis ,MEDICAL databases ,QUALITY of life ,ONLINE information services ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems - Abstract
Aims: To synthesize the evidence of interventions based on salutogenesis for older adults. Background: With the increasing tendency of global ageing and the progression of 'healthy ageing', salutogenesis has been adopted as a framework of health promotion for older adults. Design: An integrative review following PRISMA guidelines. Data Sources: Seven databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO and CINAHL Plus were systematically searched on 29 September 2022 and updated on 18 July 2023. Results: Eighteen eligible studies were included in this review. Salutogenic‐based interventions fell into three main categories: dialogue‐based, health education courses based, and goal setting and achievement based. The intervention doses: length ranged from 4 weeks to 2 years, with most (n = 12) within 12 weeks; the duration of each session ranged from 30 to 150 min, with the majority (n = 7) within 1 h; the frequency ranged from five times weekly to three times in 10 months, and in six studies was once a week. Intervention providers were mostly multidisciplinary teams, while in four studies were nurses only. Most of the studies reported that salutogenic‐based interventions could improve older adults' sense of coherence, quality of life, self‐efficacy, self‐management, meaning of life and mental health. Conclusions: This review synthesized the interventions based on salutogenesis for older adults, including salutogenesis application, intervention and its doses, intervention settings and providers, and intervention effects. Future research on the effectiveness of the intervention, the optimal dose of the intervention and the underlying mechanisms are still necessary to understand salutogenic‐based interventions. No Patient or Public Contribution: Not apply as it's a review paper. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Salutogenic‐based intervention is effective for older adults in different scenarios to improve their health outcomes. Nurses play a key role in salutogenic‐based interventional programs and thus should be essential personnel as the intervention provider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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45. The Effects of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy on Quality of Life: The Importance of Research on Youth.
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Mazur, Monika and Larionow, Paweł
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HOLISTIC medicine ,TRANS men ,GENDER identity ,MENTAL health ,SATISFACTION ,GENDER affirming care ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,NONBINARY people ,GENDER affirmation surgery ,HORMONE therapy ,QUALITY of life ,MEDICAL research ,GENDER dysphoria ,TRANS women ,WELL-being - Abstract
Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) plays a significant role in the medical care of transgender individuals, helping to align their physical characteristics with their gender identity. While numerous studies have investigated the impact of GAHT on adults, research focusing on its effects on the quality of life (QoL) of transgender youth is limited. In this opinion paper, we aim to address selected challenges associated with gender-affirming medical care, such as (1) the necessity for evidence-based youth gender-affirming medical care, (2) the urge to explore different approaches to gender-affirming medical care diversely in transgender youth research, and (3) understanding the challenges of the detransition process (which refers to stopping or reversing gender-affirming medical or surgical treatments), as well as suggest possible solutions for meaningful progress. Notably, the available evidence underlines a positive impact of GAHT on various aspects of QoL of transgender youth, such as mental health and social functioning, by alleviating gender dysphoria, improving body satisfaction, and facilitating appearance congruence (the degree to which an individual's physical appearance represents their gender identity). However, challenges related to methodological limitations, as well as ethical considerations, and several sociocultural factors highlight the need for further research to better understand the long-term effects of GAHT on the QoL of transgender youth. Ethical considerations, such as ensuring informed consent and weighing potential benefits against risks, are pivotal in guiding healthcare decisions. Additionally, navigating these ethical responsibilities amid sociocultural contexts is crucial for providing inclusive and respectful care to transgender youth. Addressing these research gaps is, therefore, crucial to developing successful healthcare programmes, raising awareness, and promoting the holistic well-being of transgender youth through comprehensive and affirming care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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46. The Interplay of Ageing and Wellness Among Elderly with Parkinson's Disease : A Review.
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Rajyasree, A. and Balamurugan, J.
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PSYCHOTHERAPY ,PARKINSON'S disease ,ACTIVITIES of daily living ,QUALITY of life ,PSYCHOLOGICAL well-being - Abstract
This comprehensive review paper is based on an extensive analysis of 33 articles published in various reputable research journals. These articles present the most recent empirical evidence on the association between well-being and ageing under the treatment methods. The research was conducted by surfing search engines and databases, including Scopus, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Jstor. The article was themed according to the mental health, quality of life, activities of daily living, cognitive decline, social interaction, and social support of Parkinson's patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
47. Perceived Racial Discrimination and Mental Health in Diverse Groups of Asian Americans: The Differing Impacts by Age, Education, and Ethnicity
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Woo Jung Lee, Hans Oh, Yong Ju Cho, Bo-Kyung Elizabeth Kim, Jungeun Olivia Lee, and Yuri Jang
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Mental distress ,Epidemiology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Vietnamese ,Ethnic group ,Racism ,Odds ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Unfair treatment ,medicine ,Ethnicity ,Humans ,media_common ,Original Paper ,Asian ,Public health ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Mental health ,language.human_language ,Asian Americans ,Mental Health ,Perceived racial discrimination ,language ,Quality of Life ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine how perceived racial discrimination is associated with mental distress among diverse Asian Americans and to explore the potential moderators in the relationship. Based on the 2015 Asian American Quality of Life (AAQoL) survey (n = 2609), direct influences were tested of the contextual (demographic, health-related, and immigration-related) variables and perceived racial discrimination on mental distress, as well as their interactions. About 30% of the sample reported perceived racial discrimination, and 44% fell into the category of having mental distress. Perceived racial discrimination was associated with 1.90 times higher odds of mental distress and had significant interactions with age, education, and ethnicity. The association of mental distress with perceived racial discrimination was higher among those who were 60 or older, less educated, and Vietnamese than among their respective counterparts. Findings can guide strategic and targeted interventions for high-risk groups.
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- 2021
48. Characterizing the Development of Research Landscapes in Substance Use and HIV/AIDS During 1990 to 2021.
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Nguyen, Tham Thi, Nguyen, Hien Thu, Do, Huyen Phuc, Ho, Cyrus SH, and Ho, Roger CM
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HIV infections ,SUBSTANCE abuse ,MENTAL health ,MEDICAL care ,QUALITY of life ,RESEARCH funding ,ELECTRONIC publications ,HIV ,AIDS ,MEDICAL research - Abstract
Mitigating the impacts of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and substance use requires comprehensive and systematic thinking in designing interventions and developing policies. This study describes the growth of research publications from 1991 to 2021 in the Web of Science database and points out current research landscapes in the fields of HIV/AIDS and substance use. Latent Dirichlet Allocation was used for classifying 21 359 papers into corresponding topics. The most common topics were HIV transmission, HIV infection, quality of life and mental health of substance users, and the biomedical effect of substance use. Emerging research landscapes include vulnerabilities of people who inject drugs to HIV transmission and related health problems. This study found a lack of research on health services, interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral in combination with clinical evaluation and treatment services. Future investment and implementation of HIV/AIDS and substance use programs should focus on research of health services and clinical evaluation, especially context-specific interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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49. To Hell and Back: A Performer's mental health journey during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
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Grech, Paulann, Chircop, Daniel, and Azzopardi, Andrew
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MENTAL illness risk factors ,PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology ,PSYCHIATRIC nursing ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,PSYCHOSES ,CONVALESCENCE ,QUALITY of life ,MENTAL depression ,NURSES ,ANXIETY ,COVID-19 pandemic ,MENTAL health services ,REFLECTION (Philosophy) - Abstract
Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: The COVID‐19 pandemic has induced a considerable amount of mental health difficulties, ranging from anxiety and depression to psychosis. As services struggle to cope with the demand for support, the effect of such psychological challenges on quality of life remains a major concern. What does the paper add to existing knowledge?: Since the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic, a vast amount of research has focused on the physical consequences of the virus. Gradually, studies on the mental health effects related to the pandemic started to emerge, as it became clear that mental health difficulties were as present and as concerning as the physical ones. Whilst such studies commonly explore the prevalence and nature of the presenting mental health challenges, the publication of personal mental health experiences linked to the ongoing situation is lacking. Introducing the human element in literature is an important means of raising awareness on the mental health difficulties that can be triggered by the pandemic. Using public figures such as the individual in this paper is additionally powerful due to the role model effect. What are the implications for practice?: The paper highlights the need for enhanced awareness and monitoring of mental health especially by health professionals who therefore need to receive adequate mental health training. Furthermore, mental health awareness efforts need to be considered as being a part of the role of the psychiatric and mental health nurse who is at a prime position to educate, monitor and support those receiving care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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50. Depressive symptoms mediate COVID-associated stigma and quality of life: Stigma instrument validation and path analysis
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Hongzhou Lu, Lin Zhang, Wei-Ti Chen, Wenxiu Sun, and Feifei Huang
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China ,Psychometrics ,Psychological intervention ,Stigma (botany) ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Quality of life ,Cronbach's alpha ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,7.1 Individual care needs ,Clinical Research ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Behavioral and Social Science ,medicine ,Influencing factors ,Humans ,Survivors ,Path analysis (statistics) ,Survey ,Psychiatry ,Depression ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Prevention ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Reproducibility of Results ,COVID-19 ,medicine.disease ,Exploratory factor analysis ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Stigma ,Mental Health ,Good Health and Well Being ,Quality of Life ,Management of diseases and conditions ,Psychology ,Mind and Body ,Clinical psychology ,Research Paper - Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to adapt and modify the HIV/AIDS Stigma Instrument-Patient to develop the COVID-19 Stigma Instrument-Patient (CSI-P) and validate its psychometric characteristics, as well as explore how affected individuals in China experienced COVID-related stigma and its associated variables, including depressive symptomology and quality of life (QOL).MethodsFrom September to October 2020, 151 COVID-19 survivors recruited in Shanghai, China, completed a set of measures of demographic characteristics, depression, stigma, and QOL.ResultsThe 15-item CSI-P-2 achieved a Cronbach's α of 0.67 to 0.91. The six-factor structure was obtained by exploratory factor analysis. The mean score for the CSI-P-2 in Chinese COVID survivors was 8.14±9.98. Regression analysis showed that survivors' age, comorbid diseases, education levels, and loneliness level were the factors influencing their COVID-19 stigma, explaining 37.80% of the total variance (F=19.25, p 
- Published
- 2022
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