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Game-based science learning (GBSL) provide an alternative route for learning genetics, but its effects on students' conceptual learning is contested. In this paper we assess the utility, in primary teacher education, of Recal: a game designed to promote participants' learning of key genetic concepts through acting as detectives investigating a case. The purpose of the study was to analyse and compare teacher students' learning of genetics through the game, and both their attitudes towards and experiences of it. Tests were conducted in Spanish and Swedish contexts to assess its potential utility in contrasting cultural and educational contexts to obtain indications of the potential breadth of its application. Participants included 120 pre-service teacher students from a university in north-eastern Spain and 51 from a university in western Sweden. The research involved an intervention, in which students played the game, and assessment of its efficacy by questionnaires designed to investigate students' knowledge of genetics before and after the game, their expectations and experience of it, and their satisfaction with it. The results were analysed statistically. The game appeared to enhance both Spanish and Swedish participants' knowledge of genetics, and they reportedly found it both educationally beneficial and engaging. It was also assessed in terms of the following characteristics of GBSL, based on experiential data: contextualisation, authenticity, collaboration, problem-solving, guided paths and competition. The results clearly indicate that the game has utility in different countries and educational contexts. The article discusses how the six characteristics of GBSL facilitate or hinder learning, and implications (for educational professionals and researchers) of the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aim to study the the reliability and factorial structure of the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ)administered through two different formats, offline (paper-and-pencil) and online. We also compared clinical, obstetrical, reproductive, and psychopathological variables related to poor mother infant bonding (MIB). A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,269 mothers. The offline group included 812 women who attended a 40-day postpartum clinical appointment. The online group consisted of 457 women recruited during admission for delivery who volunteered to carry out the online protocol 40 days postpartum. All the participants individually completed the PBQ, the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and other clinical and sociodemographic variables. The 4-factor solution proposed in the PBQ and its Spanish validation showed good model fit for both samples. Online participants reported higher levels of stress, depressive symptoms, and poor bonding, specifically on PBQ scores and the Rejection and Anger subscales. No differences were found in both samples regarding the type of statistical associations between PBQ and sociodemographic, reproductive, obstetric and psychological outcomes. Online assessment may be an appropriate option for detecting possible alterations in MIB due to the reduction of desirability bias, the increased perception of anonymity, and being a more cost-effective method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes three linked reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic, a mix of pragmatic change and reflection that can be seen as action research. Our case studies, stories, come from the UK, Spain and Ecuador and describe three different but overlapping actions all focused on making available or using online questionnaires and drawing on counselling, psychology and psychotherapy ideas and practices and technological solutions to help address the COVID-19 crisis and the lockdown. We believe these experiences have implications for our professions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the first virtual reality (VR) photography application that incorporates elements on panoramic images to assess short-term spatial memory is presented. It also allows the interaction with these elements. A study was conducted (N = 50) to compare participants' performance outcomes and subjective experience when using a VR application with and without panoramic photography. The results show that both applications are effective in assessing short-term spatial memory. The results with panoramic photography include: 1) It was effective for short-term recall since, after using the application, the participants were able to verbally recall the objects and place them without significant differences with respect to the objects correctly placed; 2) The performance outcomes were independent of age and gender; 3) The perceived level of presence was directly related to experiencing less cybersickness when using the application; 4) The level of satisfaction was directly related to perceived enjoyment, concentration, usability, competence, calmness, and expertise; 5) The more the familiarity with VR applications, the less the perceived cybersickness. Finally, the application offers two main advantages: 1) The evaluators can customize the environment by adding as many elements as desired to the panoramic photograph; 2) It could be especially suitable for groups with reduced mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated health inequalities worldwide, having a disproportionately harsh impact on unprivileged populations such as migrants and refugees. These populations are often more exposed to the virus, but less protected, while at the same time being at higher risk of suffering from poor living and working conditions, limited access to healthcare, and discrimination by the host society, all of which is challenging to their mental health. Empirical evidence on how the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting migrants and refugees is required to design effective actions aimed at ensuring health equity. Therefore, this paper aims to analyse how the pandemic has impacted the psychological well-being of migrants and refugees living in Spain. This study was carried out within the framework of the ApartTogether study sponsored by the World Health Organization. Data collection was carried out during March-November 2020, through an online survey completed by 241 participants (age: M = 37 years; 129 women). The results indicate that 78.7% of participants had suffered a decrease in their psychological well-being since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with number of difficulties and worries experienced being the best individual predictors of this outcome. Enjoying social connections and perceiving positive treatment from the host society were positively associated with psychological well-being at a relational and community level, respectively. Based on these findings, we outline priority areas of psychosocial interventions aimed at guaranteeing the mental health of migrants and refugees in the face of the pandemic in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Social Work is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To examine the moderating role of alcohol-related risk perception and perceived vulnerability to alcohol consequences in the relationship between descriptive drinking norms and personal alcohol use, and to determine if this moderation was, in turn, moderated by gender Methods: 538 college students (78.0% women, mean age = 21.2) from three Spanish universities completed a paper-and-pencil questionnaire. Simple moderation and moderated moderation analyses were conducted Results: Risk perception and perceived vulnerability moderated the relationship between drinking norms and alcohol use. This relationship weakened as perceived vulnerability and risk perception increased. High levels of risk perception and perceived vulnerability nullified the effect of perceived peer drinking on drinking quantity among both men and women, but higher values were necessary to nullify these effects among men Conclusions: Risk perception and perceived vulnerability appear to be useful in identifying specific subgroups more vulnerable to the effects of drinking norms and might be effective strategies for weakening its impact on alcohol use, with such strategies being more beneficial for women than men. These variables could thus be incorporated into norm-based interventions as they may improve their effectiveness. Our findings highlight the importance of designing gender-specific interventions to reduce the potential negative impact of alcohol consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies show the importance of non-cis-heteronormative referents for LGBT+. The object of this paper is to explore LGBT+ referents for teenagers on the basis of the results of the "Survey on Adolescence and Sexual Diversity," which was distributed to Spanish high school students in the fourth grade of compulsory secondary education The sample was composed of 128 students aged 15–18. About 56.2% identified as girls, 43.8% identified as boys; none identified as non-binary or trans. The results of the quantitative analysis of the survey data highlight the invisibility of non-heteronormative identities and the role of the media as the main purveyor of these identities. Suggestions are offered for the transformation of communicative spaces to embrace diversity and inclusivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Together with the growth in the presence of e-learning in higher education institutions, the advance of technology allows for the possibility of creating tailored institutional strategies to improve the experience of their students. Moreover, placing the students at the centre of their learning in self-regulated environments also implies offering a more tailored experience that focuses in their learning styles. In order to do so, it is essential to distinguish the different student profiles that arise in these contexts from a meta-cognitive and motivational perspective. The current paper uses hierarchical clustering on a sample of students enrolled in distance education programmes at a medium-sized Spanish university to obtain a set of distinct profiles and show how this technique can be useful both to assess the needs and limitations of the students from the perspective of exogenous and intrinsic factors in TEL environments and to provide specific services for each of them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at describing the eating experience of people diagnosed with and treated for laryngeal cancer. Going beyond the mere conceptualization of "after-effect" or the quantification of the disease's impact on the basis of standardized questionnaires, we present a qualitative analysis of the narratives of such experiences. Ethnographic study. Data is obtained from conversations, semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and written documents. A discourse analysis of the narrative information was conducted, with process coding and using the constant comparative method, inductive content analysis, category analysis, units of meaning associated with each other, and triangulation. The impact of cancer on eating processes is not limited to nutrition, but also affects the social and cultural value of food, which is put into question. The symbolic and social values which accompany the traditional way of eating are modified, which is connected with impaired quality of life. The impact on the eating process and its relationship with quality-of-life impairment are clear and connect with the importance of eating ways in culture and social organization. Greater attention should be paid to these contexts in clinical practice, which can affect even more than the impact on communicative processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the importance of the stigma construct for the rehabilitation of people with severe mental illness, there are still no scales that offer a measurement for public stigma in Spanish with good psychometric properties. The aim of this paper is to refine and improve an existing scale to measure public stigma towards people with severe mental illness among the Spanish population. We also intended to decrease the number of items in order to facilitate its applicability. 402 college students (73% women) responded to the attributional questionnaire (AQ27) in two subsamples. Exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis with high cutoffs were conducted. The convergent validity with the resource allocation questionnaire was also tested. We have obtained a parsimonious tool, with 14 items and four factors, and some reliable psychometric indexes and convergent validity. The factors obtained were dangerousness-fear, lack of solidarity, coercion and avoidance. These results improve the findings from other studies that try to validate the AQ27 in other languages. We discuss the different factors that should be considered in the estimation of public stigma and the necessity to implement programmes to reduce it to enable recovery. Since the public stigma of mental illness is an obstacle to recovery and rehabilitation, reliable instruments are needed to assess it. A parsimonious instrument in Spanish with good psychometric characteristics for measuring public stigma is obtained. Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, a questionnaire of 14 items is obtained. Four factors constitute the instrument: "dangerousness-fear", "coercion", "lack of solidarity", and "avoidance". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Social Work is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a MOOC on the attitudes of preservice and in-service teachers toward education on death. The study adopted a pre- and post-test design. Participants (N=139) answered the Death Education Attitudes Scale-Teachers (DEAS-T) questionnaire at the beginning and end of the course. The results confirmed significant differences between the pre- and post-course applications in the three scale factors--need for training in the Pedagogy of Death, inclusion of death in education, and educational awareness of death. Open-access, free, mass training through a MOOC could have a positive impact on attitudes toward death education among both pre- and in-service teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pilgrimage is an intentional journey undertaken for reasons that can increase a sense of well-being. Although originally completed for religious purposes, motives in contemporary times may include anticipated religious, spiritual, and humanistic benefits as well as appreciation of culture and geography. This quantitative and qualitative survey research explored the motivations of a sample subset age 65 and over from a larger study who completed one of the Camino de Santiago de Compostela routes in Spain. Consistent with life course and developmental theory, some respondents walked at life decision points. The analyzed sample was 111 people, nearly 60% of whom were from Canada, Mexico, and the US. Nearly 42% were non-religious while 57% were Christian or a subset, Catholic. Five key themes emerged: challenge and adventure, spirituality and intrinsic motivation, cultural or historical interest, recognition of life experiences and gratitude, and relationships. In reflecting, participants wrote about sensing a call to walk and experiencing transformation. Limitations included snowball sampling, as it is difficult to systematically sample those who complete a pilgrimage. The Santiago pilgrimage counters a narrative of aging as diminishment through positioning identity, ego integrity, friendships and family, spirituality, and positive physical challenge at the center of aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to examine the impact of reallocating time spent in waking movement behaviours at baseline on indicators of psychological distress at 24-month follow-up using isotemporal substitution regression models among a sample of Spanish adolescents. The DADOS (Deporte, ADOlescencia y Salud) study is a 3-year longitudinal observational research project carried out between years 2015–2017. The analyses included 197 adolescents (91 girls) aged 13.9 ± 0.3 years at baseline. Waking movement behaviours were assessed by a wrist-worn GENEActiv triaxial accelerometer and expressed as minutes/day of light physical activity (LPA), moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and time spent in sedentary behaviour (SB). The Behaviour Assessment System for Children and Adolescents (level 3 for adolescents) was used to assess psychological distress indicators (i.e., anxiety, social stress, and risk of depression). Results showed significant associations only for girls. The substitution of 10 min/day of SB or LPA at baseline with 10 min/day of MVPA was associated with lower levels of anxiety (both p ≤ 0.01) and social stress (both p < 0.05) at follow-up. The substitution of 10 min/day of SB with 10 min/day of LPA was associated with higher levels of anxiety at follow-up (p = 0.01). These findings highlight the need of specific physical activity recommendations for mental health paying special attention to sex-differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Social Work is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The DSM-5ʹs new conception of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) includes, as a diagnostic criterion, the presence of persistent and exaggerated negative beliefs, thoughts, or expectations about oneself, others, the world, and one's guilt. These symptoms increase the symptomatic similarity with major depressive disorder (MDD) and with the negative cognitive triad of Beck's cognitive theory of depression and allow us to assume that the dysfunctional attitudes that this theory proposes as a vulnerability factor for MDD could also refer to PTSD. This study aims to examine the relationship between depressive dysfunctional attitudes and the symptoms and diagnosis of PTSD. A sample of 378 adult victims of terrorism completed measures of depressive dysfunctional attitudes (DAS-A), DSM-IV post-traumatic stress symptoms (PCL-S), depressive symptoms (BDI-II), and DSM-IV diagnosis of emotional disorders (SCID-I). A significant relationship was found between depressive dysfunctional attitudes and PTSD symptomatology, even after controlling for the effect of depression, sex, age, education level, anxiety, and previous depressive episodes. It was also found that victims with PTSD, with or without MDD, had more depressive dysfunctional attitudes than those without emotional disorders and more achievement-perfectionism attitudes than victims with emotional disorders other than PTSD or MDD. The results suggest that depressive dysfunctional attitudes could be a vulnerability factor for PTSD. The results also suggest the need to refine Beck's cognitive theory proposals about dysfunctional attitudes common and specific to each emotional disorder and identify potential therapeutic targets of cognitive therapies for these disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research aims to examine the relationship between the four dimensions of sedentary behaviours and academic performance, as well as to test the association between sedentary behaviours and academic performance in boys and girls in a sample of Spanish adolescents. A total of 2,216 adolescents aged 11 to 16 years old, both males (13.30 ± 0.92) and females (13.06 ± 0.86), participated. Sleep duration, physical activity, and sedentary behaviours were measured through questionnaires. Academic performance was assessed with students´ marks. Potential confounders such as sex, age, socioeconomic status, and cardiorespiratory fitness were also measured. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, analysis of differences, and multiple mediation analysis were conducted. It was observed that girls spend more time on sedentary educational or social behaviours, while boys spend much more time on screen time. Sedentary behaviours such as educational time, screen time, and relaxing time were associated with academic performance. Specifically, educational time appears to be positively related to academic performance. Nevertheless, screen time and relaxing time were negatively associated with academic performance. The multiple mediation analysis revealed that screen time was the most negative behaviour on academic performance. The outcomes are discussed to improve knowledge about sedentary behaviours and academic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unfortunately, racism is a kind of violence present in current societies that embodies an attitude opposed to the culture of peace. In this scenario, the family has a relevant role to contribute to the development of values related to human rights. With the aim of identifying patterns and challenges to progress from a polarized debate to an empathetic and non-violent dialogue, the discourse between parents and children between 3 and 16 years of age is reviewed. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed and 1,701 families in Catalonia (Autonomous Community of Spain) answered it. The results show that racism represents 9.7% of the controversial topics of conversation at home; the principal values and attitudes that guide the family discourse are: respect (23.1%), fighting injustice (18.7%), and equality (12.4%); families who claim to have suffered racism reach 6%; women and individuals with a low level of education are those who most believe that the economy would improve if immigrants went back to their countries; and those who sent their children to a charter school prefer them to relate with people of the same culture. Considering this evidence, guidelines are formulated to encourage reflection and anti-xenophobic dialogue at home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the joint effect of gender and marital status on financial literacy. The study is based on the data of 7,456 adults who responded to the Financial Competencies Survey (2016), conducted by the Bank of Spain. The results revealed that married/couple women have a lower level of financial literacy than married/couple men, perhaps because men often make decisions regarding family finances, while women are often in charge of other homework. This may have important consequences for the financial autonomy of women of all ages, especially as they aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of child sexual abuse (CSA) in Andalusia, Spain's most populated region. A sample of 817 adults (281 male; M age = 34.7; SD = 13.86) completed the Child Sexual Abuse Experiences Questionnaire. Because the sample was unbalanced, we performed post-stratification by gender, resulting in 562 participants (50% male). Overall, 38.8% of the sample reported at least one type of contact abuse experience, with prevalence ranging from 22% for being fondled to 3.9% for being forced to perform a sexual act involving penetration. The first episode of CSA most commonly occurred between age 6 and 11 years, except for penetration. The majority of reported experiences were repeated and perpetrated by a male. More than half of the victims did not label their experience as sexual abuse, and this apparent lack of awareness about what constitutes abuse was particularly evident among male victims. The prevalence of CSA in Andalusia is higher than for Spain as a whole, highlighting the need to raise public awareness through prevention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship is a feasible option for people with disabilities as it allows room for flexibility. This study investigates the factors that influence the entrepreneurial intentions of people with disabilities in Spain. The data were obtained from nine focus groups, one interview, and seven questionnaires. The analysis was performed using NVivo software. The results showed that self-realisation, the search for autonomy, freedom, and independence are critical factors that affect the decision of people with disabilities to become entrepreneurs. The results also highlight the lack of business culture in Spain, the need for support from family and friends, and the necessity to create a network of contacts for people with disabilities to feel included. Education plays a key role in overcoming the differences with respect to people without disabilities. The findings also suggest that specific legislation or action plans are needed in Spain to promote entrepreneurship among people with disabilities. This study shows the personal and contextual factors that influence the entrepreneurial intentions of people with disabilities in Spain. Nine focus group discussions and one interview were conducted through Zoom, a video conferencing platform. This shows the role played by digital tools in the inclusion of people with disabilities. This research concludes that entrepreneurship makes people with disabilities feel free and independent and increase their self-fulfilment when they see their contribution to economic development. There is a lack of entrepreneurial culture in Spain, and institutions should undertake measures to promote not only the entrepreneurial spirit but also the full integration of people with disabilities. Such studies are important in order to boost entrepreneurship among people with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contrast to a large number of predictive analyses, most studies on recidivism do not include the moderating role variables exert on the probability of future recidivism. The present study was conducted to assess the influence of risk and protective factors, demographic variables, and the type of offense on recidivism. In addition, the moderating effect of demographic variables and the type of offense on the relationship between risk/protective factors and youth reoffending was also assessed. The Youth Level of Service of Case Management Inventory was administered to 210 Spanish minor offenders, aged between 14.00 and 18.07 years. Their subsequent charges were coded for 24 months. The sum-up of risk factors and younger age were the two variables that significantly contributed to predicting future recidivism. Meanwhile, gender and the type of crime were the variables that moderated the relationship between risk factors and recidivism. Priority prevention strategies should be aimed at reducing the impact of risk factors, especially among young boys committing violent offenses, as these are exacerbating characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing numbers of students on the autism spectrum enter higher education (HE), hoping to develop their skills and independence. However, many find it difficult to transition to and succeed in this environment, and the support provided by universities can be inconsistent as highlighted by a recent review. This study explores the personal experiences of 16 students with autism from four Western countries, focusing on successes and challenges. Using thematic analysis, four core themes were identified: choices and aspirations, being at university, support provisions, and specific recommendation. Anxiety, depression and mood difficulties were frequently reported. The importance of positive personal relationships, and the need for autism training and empathy amongst support professionals was highlighted. Further, there is a need for universities to provide joined up academic and social support and to implement reasonable adjustments in an inclusive way, thereby avoid stigmatising the student. Whilst negative experiences dominated, there were notable examples of good support practice and high levels of personal resilience and determination amongst the participants. To inform future practice, we conclude by offering a set of recommendations for educators, support professionals and for students on the autism spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Móstoles University Hospital Library in Madrid, Spain, conducts a yearly survey to determine user satisfaction with its support for caring, teaching and research endeavors. In 2020 the yearly questionnaire also contained items on the new services introduced by the library to help users deal with the effects of the health crisis faced by the hospital. The results revealed that the library continued to be among staff's most highly esteemed providers of high quality information. Librarians have been key players in a time of uncertainty, enabling healthcare professionals to find the information needed during a scenario in which decisions could not be adopted lightly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aim was to cross-culturally adapt the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability (IdFAI) into a Spanish-language version (IdFAI-Sp), which would then be validated and its psychometric properties evaluated for use in possible cases of ankle instability. The cross-cultural adaptation was performed following the guidelines of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. Pearson correlations were calculated to assess the convergent validity between IdFAI and the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool. Cronbach's alpha and test re-test reliability values were calculated and floor/ceiling effects analysed. Construct validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The study population was composed of 110 participants, with a mean age of 40.49 years (10.43) and of whom 62 (56.36%) were female. Good test-retest results were obtained, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.85 (ICC2,1: 95% CI: 0.82 − 0.88). The structure matrix was examined by CFA, which revealed a three-factor solution that accounted for 79.89% of the variance. The IdFAI-Sp obtained an excellent fit (RMSEA 0.068, GFI 0.94, CFI 0.98 and NFI 0.97). This study validates the IdFAI-Sp questionnaire, corroborating its value to researchers and medical professionals as a self-reported outcomes measure for use with a Spanish-speaking population. The Spanish-language version of the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability questionnaire (IdFAI-Sp) is a valid and reliable tool. The IdFAI-Sp enables researchers and healthcare professionals to identify and classify chronic ankle instability among Spanish-speaking patients. Accordingly, it can be considered a useful clinical instrument. Aapplication of the questionnaire before and after treatment can reveal the patient's degree of recovery over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Undocumented immigrants and refugees are more likely to suffer from psychosocial disorders. In this pilot study, an art-based intervention is described and assessed, with a sample of 11undocumented immigrants who recently came to southern Spain on a small boat. The art-based intervention is assessed using a pre-post design and four questionnaires, which consist of The General Health Questionnaire, Beck's Depression Inventory, the Barcelona Immigrant Stress Scale and Carol Ryff's Psychological Well Being Scale. Furthermore, five participants were interviewed before and after the intervention and a thematic analysis of the transcriptions was carried out. A significant reduction of depressive symptoms with a large effect size was found. An increase of reflexive discourse and the feeling of belonging after the intervention was also observed. The study suggests that the art-based intervention decreased depressive symptoms and stress, redirecting the narratives of the participants towards the future and increasing the sense of community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS-20) is well validated in adults and younger populations, but not in older adults. This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the PASS-20 in Spanish older adults who experience chronic pain. Participants were 111 older adults with chronic pain living in nursing homes (mean age = 83.36; SD = 6.53; 78.6% female). Face-to-face interviews were conducted which included assessment of pain anxiety (PASS-20), chronic pain acceptance (CPAQ), depression symptoms (GDS), catastrophizing beliefs (PCS), pain severity, and sociodemographic information. An Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) approach was used to refine the scale. The final scale was composed of seven items, measuring two factors that could be labeled "Internal experiences" and "Escape/Avoidance behaviors". The two factors explained 60.98% of the total variance. PASS-7 version fit properly: χ2/df = 14.57/13, CMIN/df = 1.121, CFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.033, TLI = 0.98, GFI = 0.96, AGFI = 0.92. Good validity indices were found and acceptable reliability results in the scale and its subscales (Chronbach´s α; Internal Experiences = 0.70; Escape/Avoidance Behaviors= 0.73; Total Scale = 0.77). The short version of the PASS-7 has good psychometric properties. The brevity of the PASS-7 increases the feasibility of this instrument which could potentially be utilized in a variety of clinical settings and research studies with older people with chronic pain samples, specially institutionalized older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic has constituted an unprecedented challenge to society and science and it has provided an unexpected opportunity to explore the effects of a positive intervention in times of adversity and confinement. The goal was to evaluate the effects of a theory driven group intervention to cultivate mental health and flourishing. Design: A pre post design with three groups (151 individuals) was conducted, including an experimental group that received the intervention during the pandemic, a pre-COVID intervention group, and a COVID control group. Main Outcome Measures: Based on Keyes' concept of positive mental health, measures of subjective, psychological and social well-being were obtained, as well as an indicator of psychological distress (GHQ12). Results: Intervention groups showed an increase in well-being and the COVID control group a decrease. Change scores revealed significant differences. Overall percentage of individuals at risk of ill health in baseline was 25.2%, but after the intervention, the COVID control group reached 64.1%. Conclusions: Despite the limitations, the present findings suggest that interventions to sustain and improve mental health in times of crisis and adversity can be an effective approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyse the Physical Activity(PA) levels of a group of children with ASD and explore certain socio-ecological variables that may be correlated with these levels. The participants of this cross-sectional study were 20 boys and 5girls with ASD, aged between 4 and 14 years. A socio-demographic questionnaire was designed expressly to obtain socio-demographic data, and PA levels were measured with a triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph, wGT3X-BT).After performing a descriptive analysis, we analysed the relationship between the variables through Spearman correlations and performed the Kruskal Wallis test to compare the results of moderate, vigorous and very vigorous PA according to the following factors: age, gender, PA of their parents or tutors, curricular adaptations, medication, number of siblings, attention deficit, impulsiveness hyperactivity, inattentive-ness, inability to achieve success, movement difficulties, learning difficulties and fearfulness. Finally, we performed logarithmic 4th-order regression analysis for the practice of moderate-intensity activity according to the participants' age. The findings show that variables in the individual domain (i.e. gender, age, co-morbidity/features of ASD and curricular adaptations) and family domain (i.e. presence of siblings and parents' PA) may be related to the PA levels of ASD children. This investigation shows the importance of considering socio-demographic aspects in children with ASD in order to promote healthy and active lifestyles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the relationship of differentiation of self with emotional self-regulation and anxiety, and the differences in these variables based on the sex and the age of the participants. The study involved a Spanish sample of 216 subjects who answered the Differentiation of Self Scale (DSS), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The results show that differentiation is related to emotional regulation and anxiety. Furthermore, differences in differentiation of self, emotional self-regulation and anxiety depending on sex and age are observed. Implications for clinical practice and suggestions for future lines of research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]