17 results
Search Results
2. Spatiotemporal clustering of suicide attempt in Kermanshah, West-Iran.
- Author
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Zangeneh, Alireza, Khademi, Nahid, Farahmandmoghadam, Naser, Ziapour, Arash, Naderlou, Reyhane, Oghli, Somayyeh Shalchi, Teimouri, Raziyeh, Yenneti, Komali, and Moghadam, Shahrzad
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ATTEMPTED suicide ,PROBABILITY density function ,MEDICAL personnel ,SUICIDE risk factors ,SUICIDE prevention - Abstract
Background: A suicide attempt is a major societal problem because it imposes high costs on societies worldwide. This paper analyses the spatiotemporal clustering of suicide attempt in Kermanshah, Iran from 2006-14. Methods: This study draws on 18,333 individuals (7,234 males and 11,097 females) who attempted suicide across the Kermanshah province. Data was collected from the records of individuals registered in hospitals across the Kermanshah province between 2006 and 2014. Mean Center, Standard Deviational Ellipse (SDE), Moran's I and Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) in Arc/GIS10.6 software were used for the analysis of the spatial distribution of suicide attempt, while the chi-squared test in SPSS was used to examine the different demographic variables between groups within/outside spatial clusters of suicide. Results: The results show that a total of 18,331 suicide attempts (39.46% male and 60.53% female) were reported between 2006 and 2014 in the Kermanshah province. The spatial pattern of suicide attempts was clustered in 16 clusters (6 high clusters and 10 low clusters) and statistically significant differences were found within and outside the hotspots of suicide attempts. Most hot spots were formed in and around cities. Younger people were at a greater risk. The rate of suicide attempts reduced in illiterate people and increased in people with university degrees. Unmarried people were associated with a higher risk of suicide attempt than was married status for both males and females. Conclusion: The results of this study could help public health practitioners and policymakers in Iran prioritize resources and target efforts for suicide attempt prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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3. The Spatiality of COVID-19 in Kermanshah Metropolis, Iran.
- Author
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Zanganeh, Alireza, Yenneti, Komali, Teimouri, Raziyeh, Saeidi, Shahram, Najafi, Farid, Shakiba, Ebrahim, Moghadam, Shahrzad, and Shadmani, Fatemeh Khosravi
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METROPOLIS ,COVID-19 ,SOCIAL classes ,COVID-19 pandemic ,OLDER people ,AGE groups - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a severe ongoing health crisisworldwide. Studying the socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 can help policymakers develop successful pandemic management plans. This paper focuses on the spatial epidemiology of COVID-19 among different social classes in the Kermanshah metropolis, Iran. This cross-sectional study uses the data of people infected with COVID-19 in the Kermanshah metropolis in 2020, acquired from the official COVID-19 Registry of Kermanshah. The results show that 2013 people were infected with COVID-19 (male = 1164 and female = 849). The mean age of the patients was 45 ± 18.69. The Moran's I show that COVID-19 in different social classes was clustered across the neighbourhoods in the Kermanshah metropolis. The mean ages of men and women were 44.51 ± 18.62 and 45.69 ± 18.76, respectively. Importantly, COVID-19 was highly prevalent in the middle-class groups. Age group comparisons indicate that older people were the most infected in poorer neighbourhoods. In the middle-classtheage group of 0–14 years and in the rich neighbourhoods the age group of 15–64 years were the most exposed to the disease. The findings of this study suggest that older people and lower socioeconomic classes should be prioritised while developing and implementing preventative programs for COVID-19 and similar pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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4. Comparison of optimized data-driven models for landslide susceptibility mapping.
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Ghayur Sadigh, Armin, Alesheikh, Ali Asghar, Bateni, Sayed M., Jun, Changhyun, Lee, Saro, Nielson, Jeffrey R., Panahi, Mahdi, and Rezaie, Fatemeh
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LANDSLIDE hazard analysis ,LANDSLIDES ,ARTIFICIAL neural networks ,RECEIVER operating characteristic curves ,DEEP learning ,STANDARD deviations ,CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks - Abstract
Locations prone to landslides must be identified and mapped to prevent landslide-related damage and casualties. Machine learning approaches have proven effective for such tasks and have thus been widely applied. However, owing to the rapid development of data-driven approaches, deep learning methods that can exhibit enhanced prediction accuracies have not been fully evaluated. Several researchers have compared different methods without optimizing them, whereas others optimized a single method using different algorithms and compared them. In this study, the performances of different fully optimized methods for landslide susceptibility mapping within the landslide-prone Kermanshah province of Iran were compared. The models, i.e., convolutional neural networks (CNNs), deep neural networks (DNNs), and support vector machine (SVM) frameworks were developed using 14 conditioning factors and a landslide inventory containing 110 historical landslide points. The models were optimized to maximize the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), while maintaining their stability. The results showed that the CNN (accuracy = 0.88, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.37220, and AUC = 0.88) outperformed the DNN (accuracy = 0.79, RMSE = 0.40364, and AUC = 0.82) and SVM (accuracy = 0.80, RMSE = 0.42827, and AUC = 0.80) models using the same testing dataset. Moreover, the CNN model exhibiting the highest robustness among the three models, given its smallest AUC difference between the training and testing datasets. Notably, the dataset used in this study had a low spatial accuracy and limited sample points, and thus, the CNN approach can be considered useful for susceptibility assessment in other landslide-prone regions worldwide, particularly areas with poor data quality and quantity. The most important conditioning factors for all models were rainfall and the distances from roads and drainages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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5. Researchers from Razi University Report Findings in Life Science (Chemiluminescence of Horseradish Peroxidase In Water-ionic Liquid Microemulsion: an Approach From Catalytic Point of View).
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LIFE sciences ,HORSERADISH peroxidase ,CHEMILUMINESCENCE ,MICROEMULSIONS ,COENZYMES - Abstract
From a catalytic standpoint, we provide the first research of the chemiluminescence (CL) features of luminol microencapsulated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in water-ionic liquid (W/IL) microemulsions." According to the news reporters, the research concluded: "The system exhibits more chemiluminescence properties than an enzymatic aqueous CL system and may be promoted without the need of an enhancer." Keywords: Kermanshah; Iran; Life Science; Chemiluminescence; Enzymes and Coenzymes; Health and Medicine; Horseradish Peroxidase; Ionic Liquids; Oxidoreductases; Peroxidases; Solvents EN Kermanshah Iran Life Science Chemiluminescence Enzymes and Coenzymes Health and Medicine Horseradish Peroxidase Ionic Liquids Oxidoreductases Peroxidases Solvents 5334 5334 1 06/05/23 20230609 NES 230609 2023 JUN 9 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Current study results on Life Science have been published. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
6. Understanding factors that contribute to farmers' water conflict behavior.
- Author
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Tatar, Maryam, Papzan, Abdolhamid, and Ahmadvand, Mostafa
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PLANNED behavior theory , *SOCIAL capital , *FARMERS , *AGRICULTURAL resources , *WATER management - Abstract
Understanding water conflict behaviors and their contributing factors is critical for developing effective agricultural water resource management. Hence, this paper examines how water conflict behaviors are addressed in a model guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior and whether there is a potential to develop the model further to include quality of life (QoL), perception of water crisis, sense of place, and social capital in explaining the farmers' water conflicts. Stratified random sampling was used to survey 212 farmers in the villages that benefited from the Gawshan dam in the Kermanshah region, Iran. Based on the results, the causal role of subjective norms in influencing intention to manifest conflict has not been established, while low social capital was of importance for intention to create conflict. Furthermore, low QoL, as well as high perception of water crisis, was found to be important for attitude formation toward conflict. These results enrich the empirical evidence in support of improving the understanding of farmers' water conflict behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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7. Investigators from Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Target Science and Technology (The Interplay of Attachment Styles and Marital Infidelity: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis).
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ATTACHMENT behavior ,ADULTERY ,INFIDELITY (Couples) ,PSYCHOLOGICAL factors ,COUPLES therapy - Abstract
A recent study conducted by investigators from Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in Iran examined the relationship between attachment styles and marital infidelity. The study included 17 research papers and a total of 13,666 participants. The findings revealed that individuals with higher levels of anxiety and avoidance in attachment were more likely to engage in marital infidelity, while weaker attachment insecurity was associated with reduced rates of infidelity. The study suggests that addressing attachment issues in couples therapy can be beneficial in treating infidelity. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
8. Frequency-content parameters of the ground motions from the 2017 Mw 7.3 Ezgeleh earthquake in Iran.
- Author
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Yaghmaei-Sabegh, Saman
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EARTHQUAKE intensity ,SEISMOGRAMS ,EARTHQUAKES ,SOIL mapping ,RESONANCE effect ,MOTION - Abstract
This study aims at providing the spatial contours of frequency-content parameters of ground motion records obtained during the 2017 M
w 7.3 Ezgeleh–Kermanshah earthquake in Iran. For this purpose, three scalar frequency-content parameters named the mean period (T m) , the average spectral period (T ave) , and the smoothed spectral predominant period (T 0) are calculated. Sixty earthquake records with the closest site-to-source distances in the range of 5–330 km were used to make several high-resolution frequency-content maps for the study area. In addition, a new practical framework is presented to estimate soil condition maps based on a simplified ground motion records analyzing which could be used in rapid loss evaluation after earthquakes. As a new idea, the main features of the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio curves including amplification amplitude and peak frequency that can identify resonance effect are automatically considered in the proposed regional soil class map. The consistency between frequency-content maps with the anticipated soil condition map is discussed. Prepared maps showed that very long period range extends in the northwest–southeast direction, far from the epicenter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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9. New Chronic Disease Study Findings Have Been Reported by Investigators at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (Effects of Counselling and Spiritual Care Program On Anxiety In Patients With Chronic Diseases: a Systematic Review and...).
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CHRONICALLY ill ,COUNSELING ,CHRONIC diseases ,PSYCHOTHERAPY ,ANXIETY - Published
- 2023
10. Infectious Diseases and their Consequences on the Population Changes of Kermanshah Province in the Qajar Era, 1789-1925.
- Author
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Shohani, Sarah, Sheikh Ahmadi, Seyyed Mohammad, Shafei, Kaivan, and Bahrami, Ruhollah
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COMMUNICABLE diseases ,DEMOGRAPHIC change ,INFECTIOUS disease transmission ,TRADE routes ,DISEASE prevalence - Abstract
One of the causes of premature deaths in different parts of the world and Iran during the Qajar era was the spread of infectious diseases in the 19th century. Meanwhile, in general, Iran did not have favorable health conditions. Kermanshah, as one of the main highways in the west of the country, the gateway to Mesopotamia and the most important pilgrimage route of Shiite Iran, has been one of the busiest travel, commercial and pilgrimage routes, and hence, was exposed to the spread of various infectious disease The purpose of this research is to investigate the prevalence of infectious diseases in Kermanshah during the Qajar era and its effects on the population change and death. The research method is historical and descriptive-analytical; documentary methods have been used to collect the information. The results and achievements of the research showed that the outbreak of infectious diseases, especially cholera, plague, and typhoid, occurred many times in Kermanshah and was one of the important factors in the significant decrease in the population of this state. The results of this research have shown that the ignorance, illiteracy, and superstition, the low level of medical knowledge, the inappropriate and insecure roads, the poor performance of the king and the local rulers in making appropriate decisions to prevent the spread of such diseases, had a significant impact on the extent of the casualties and the population decline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
11. Characterization, pathogenicity and host range studies of Paecilomyces formosus associated with dieback of Christ's thorn trees (Paliurus spina‐christi Mill.) in Iran.
- Author
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Rostami, Taha and Jamali, Samad
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HAWTHORNS ,DIEBACK ,PAECILOMYCES ,AGAR ,REFORESTATION ,HIGH temperatures - Abstract
Christ's thorn (Paliurus spina‐christi Mill.) tree is an important and valuable forestry species and has significant potential in afforestation and reforestation systems. In recent years, dieback symptoms were observed on Paliurus spina‐christi trees in Gilan‐e Gharb region of Kermanshah province, west Iran. During 2020 to 2021, Christ's thorn trees that exhibit branch dieback symptoms were sampled for fungal isolations. The pathogenicity tests, biochemical assay of growth, acid production on creatine sucrose agar (CREA) medium and morphological and molecular investigations (ITS and β‐tubulin regions) identified Paecilomyces formosus as a dieback causal agent. This is the first report of P. formosus pathogenicity on Paliurus spina‐christi trees. Furthermore, disease severity was assayed on 11 tree species under three different temperatures 15, 25 and 35°C. Disease severity caused by all isolates on detached branches was greater at 35°C than at 15 and 25°C. This study presents the host range of this pathogen and showed that these potential hosts are prone to this pathogen under high temperatures, which forest trees experienced in recent decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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12. New Findings on Infectious Diseases and Conditions Described by Investigators at Kermanshah University of Technology (A New Model for Investigating the Transmission of Infectious Diseases In a Prey-predator System Using a Non-singular...).
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EMERGING infectious diseases ,INFECTIOUS disease transmission ,COMPUTATIONAL biology - Abstract
Keywords: Kermanshah; Iran; Health and Medicine; Infectious Diseases and Conditions EN Kermanshah Iran Health and Medicine Infectious Diseases and Conditions 2882 2882 1 05/22/23 20230526 NES 230526 2023 MAY 26 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Current study results on Infectious Diseases and Conditions have been published. Keywords for this news article include: Kermanshah, Iran, Health and Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Conditions, Kermanshah University of Technology. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
13. Studies from Razi University Yield New Information about Infectious Diseases and Conditions (Developing a Continuous Sir Epidemic Model and Its Discrete Version Using Euler Method: Analyzing Dynamics With Analytical and Numerical Methods).
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EULER method ,COMMUNICABLE diseases ,EPIDEMICS ,EMERGING infectious diseases ,INFECTIOUS disease transmission - Abstract
A recent study conducted by researchers at Razi University in Kermanshah, Iran, has developed a continuous SIR epidemic model and its discrete version using the Euler method. The continuous SIR epidemic model is a mathematical tool used to understand the dynamics of infectious diseases. The researchers analyzed the dynamics of the discrete SIR epidemic model using both analytical and numerical methods and found that it captures the essential features of the continuous model. The study suggests that the discrete SIR epidemic model is a powerful tool for understanding infectious disease dynamics and developing effective control strategies. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
14. Urban flood hazard mapping using machine learning models: GARP, RF, MaxEnt and NB.
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Norallahi, Mahya and Seyed Kaboli, Hesam
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FLOOD warning systems ,MACHINE learning ,URBAN growth ,FLOOD damage ,URBAN planning ,FLOODS - Abstract
Rapid urban development, increasing impermeable surfaces, poor drainage system and changes in extreme precipitations are the most important factors that nowadays lead to increased urban flooding and it has become an urban problem. Urban flood mapping and its use in making an urban development plan can reduce flood damages and losses. Constantly producing urban flood hazard maps using models that rely on the availability of detailed hydraulic-hydrological data is a major challenge especially in developing countries. In this study, urban flood hazard map was produced with limited data using three machine learning models: Genetic Algorithm Rule-Set Production, Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), Random Forest (RF) and Naïve Bayes for Kermanshah city, Iran. The flood hazard predicting factors used in modeling were: slope, land use, precipitation, distance to river, distance to channel, curve number (CN) and elevation. Flood inventory map was produced based on available reports and field surveys, that 117 flooded points and 163 non-flooded points were identified. Models performance was evaluated based on area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUC-ROC), Kappa statistic and hits and miss analysis. The results show that RF model (AUC-ROC = 99.5%, Kappa = 98%, Accuracy = 90%, Success ratio = 99%, Threat score = 90% and Heidke skill score = 98%) performed better than other models. The results also showed that distance to canal, land use and CN have shown more contribution among others for modeling the flood and precipitation had the least effect among other factors. The findings show that machine learning methods can be a good alternative to distributed models to predict urban flood-prone areas where there are lack of detailed hydraulic and hydrological data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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15. Challenges and barriers of humanitarian aid management in 2017 Kermanshah earthquake: a qualitative study.
- Author
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Safarpour, Hamid, Fooladlou, Saeideh, Safi-Keykaleh, Meysam, Mousavipour, Somayyeh, Pirani, Davoud, Sahebi, Ali, Ghodsi, Hassan, Farahi-Ashtiani, Iman, and Dehghani, Arezoo
- Subjects
HUMANITARIAN assistance ,EMERGENCY management ,SEMI-structured interviews ,QUALITATIVE research ,CONTENT analysis ,HUMANITARIANISM ,DISASTERS ,NATURAL disasters - Abstract
Background: Examining various problems after disasters is important for the affected people. Managing humanitarian aid and donations among the affected people is considered as one of the most important problems after disasters. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the challenges and barriers of humanitarian aid management in 2017 Kermanshah Earthquake.Methods: This study was conducted from November 2017 to January 2018, with qualitative case study design. The population included 21 people including 6 humanitarian aid manager, 6 volunteers, 4 aid workers, and 5 affected people. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and purposeful sampling, which continued until saturating the data. The strategies recommended by Guba were used for evaluating the trustworthiness of the data. The data was analyzed with conventional content analysis method according to method suggested by Graneheim and Lundman.Results: Based on the results, two themes, nine categories, and 19 sub-categories were identified considering the challenges and barriers of humanitarian aid and donors' management during the 2017 Kermanshah Earthquake. The categories included education, command and coordination, communication and information, rules, security, traffic and overcrowding, assessment, providing system, and cultural setting. Also, two themes including managerial and structural barriers were extracted.Conclusion: Adopting an effective management and appropriate policies with respect to humanitarian aid and modifying structural and managerial barriers can improve the performance and management of humanitarian aid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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16. Reports from Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Highlight Recent Findings in Clinical Oncology (Years of Life Lost Due To Main Causes of Deaths In Yazd Province, Iran).
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CAUSES of death ,ONCOLOGY ,PROVINCES ,MEDICAL education ,JAPANESE people - Abstract
Kermanshah, Iran, Clinical Oncology, Cancer, Cardiology, Cardiovascular, Cardiovascular Research, Epidemiology, Health and Medicine, Oncology Keywords: Kermanshah; Iran; Clinical Oncology; Cancer; Cardiology; Cardiovascular; Cardiovascular Research; Epidemiology; Health and Medicine; Oncology EN Kermanshah Iran Clinical Oncology Cancer Cardiology Cardiovascular Cardiovascular Research Epidemiology Health and Medicine Oncology 717 717 1 05/15/23 20230515 NES 230515 2023 MAY 16 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Cardiovascular Week -- Investigators discuss new findings in Clinical Oncology. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
17. Essential and toxic heavy metals in cereals and agricultural products marketed in Kermanshah, Iran, and human health risk assessment.
- Author
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Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Fattahi, Nazir, Sharafi, Kiomars, Khamotian, Razieh, and Atafar, Zahra
- Subjects
FOOD composition ,HEAVY metal toxicology ,AGRICULTURAL marketing ,MATHEMATICAL models ,FOOD consumption ,HEALTH risk assessment - Abstract
Levels of some essential and toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel, zinc and copper in cereals and agricultural products obtained from the markets in Kermanshah city, west Iran, were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The average concentrations for lead and cadmium in some cereals were higher than the maximum levels set by the Codex Alimentarius. A potential human health risk assessment was conducted by calculating estimated weekly intake (EWI) of the metals from eating cereals and comparison of these values with provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) values. In combination with recent cereal consumption data, the EWIs of heavy metals were calculated for the Kermanshah population. EWI data for the studied metals through cereal consumption were lower than the PTWI values. Cr, Ni, Zn and Cu levels in all samples analysed were within the ranges reported for similar cereals from various parts of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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